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Блокаторы ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы в лечении больных сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями в сочетании с бронхообструктивными заболеваниями
Блокаторы ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы в лечении больных сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями в сочетании с бронхообструктивными заболеваниями
Амбатьелло Л.Г. Блокаторы ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы в лечении больных сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями в сочетании с бронхообструктивными заболеваниями. Терапевтический архив. 2026;98(3):189–195. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2026.03.203546
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2026 г.
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2026 г.
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Аннотация
Ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновая система (РААС) – основная мишень применяемых лекарственных препаратов для обеспечения гипотензии, кардио- и нефропротекции у пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями (ССЗ). Однако назначение препаратов из этой группы, в первую очередь ингибиторов ангиотензин-превращающего фермента (иАПФ), может приводить к развитию нежелательных явлений (НЯ) у пациентов с бронхообструктивными заболеваниями (БОЗ). ИАПФ и блокаторы рецепторов ангиотензина II (БРА II) имеют схожую эффективность при лечении ССЗ. В случае появления НЯ пациенты, получающие иАПФ по поводу артериальной гипертонии, могут быть переведены на прием БРА II, однако для лечения хронической сердечной недостаточности со сниженной фракцией выброса, при остром коронарном синдроме без подъема сегмента ST и остром инфаркте миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST иАПФ рекомендованы в качестве 1-й линии; преимущества БРА II при этих заболеваниях не доказаны. Антагонисты минералокортикостероидных рецепторов (АМКР) также достаточно часто назначаются у пациентов с ССЗ в составе комбинированной терапии. У спиронолактона и эплеренона, помимо доказанной эффективности в лечении ССЗ, в ряде работ показана антифиброзная и противовоспалительная эффективность, в том числе в легочной ткани, а также способность влиять на прогрессирующее течение фиброзных заболеваний. Этот класс лекарственных средств интенсивно исследуется. В США, Европе и Японии уже зарегистрированы новые препараты из подкласса нестероидных АМКР. Изучение возможностей АМКР в настоящее время очень перспективно для пациентов с сочетанием ССЗ и БОЗ, ввиду того что имеется потенциальная возможность этих препаратов воздействовать на воспаление и фиброз легочной ткани у пациентов с БОЗ. Таким образом, обзор посвящен анализу эффективности и безопасности применения препаратов из группы РААС у пациентов с ССЗ и БОЗ, причинам возникновения нежелательных явлений, а также предложена тактика ведения при их возникновении.
Ключевые слова: сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, бронхообструктивные заболевания, блокаторы РААС, кашель на фоне приема ингибиторов ангиотензин-превращающего фермента, антагонисты минералокортикостероидных рецепторов
Keywords: cardiovascular diseases, bronchial obstruction diseases, renin-аngiotensin-aldosterone system blockers, cough caused by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, mineralocorticosteroid receptor antagonists
Ключевые слова: сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, бронхообструктивные заболевания, блокаторы РААС, кашель на фоне приема ингибиторов ангиотензин-превращающего фермента, антагонисты минералокортикостероидных рецепторов
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Keywords: cardiovascular diseases, bronchial obstruction diseases, renin-аngiotensin-aldosterone system blockers, cough caused by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, mineralocorticosteroid receptor antagonists
Полный текст
Список литературы
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2. Chazova IE, Nevzorova VA, Ambatiello LG, et al. Clinical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment patients with hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Systemic hypertension. 2020;17(3):7-34 (in Russian). DOI:10.26442/2075082X.2020.3.200294
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4. Klimova AA, Ambatiello LG, Smolyakova EV, et al. Frequency of detection of combined broncho-obstructive pathology in patients with arterial hypertension admitted to a specialized cardiology hospital. Systemic Hypertension. 2023;20(1):35-43 (in Russian). DOI:10.38109/2075-082X-2023-1-35-43
5. Delmas MC, Benezet L, Ribet C, et al. Underdiagnosis of obstructive lung disease: findings from the French CONSTANCES cohort. BMC Pulm Med. 2021;21(1):319. DOI:10.1186/s12890-021-01688-z
6. Perret J, Sean Yip SW, Idrose NS, et al. Undiagnosed and 'overdiagnosed' COPD using postbronchodilator spirometry in primary healthcare settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2023;10(1):e001478. DOI:10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001478
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8. Kisiel MA, Jacobsson M, Järhult S, et al. Risk Factors for the Absence of Diagnosis of Asthma Despite Disease Symptoms: Results from the Swedish GA2LEN Study. J Asthma Allergy. 2022;15:179-86. DOI:10.2147/JAA.S350245
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14. Song WJ, Niimi AJ. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Asthma, and Cough: Relighting the Torch. Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(9):3440-1. DOI:10.1016/j.jaip.2021.07.002
15. Lunde H, Hedner T, Samuelsson O, et al. Dyspnoea, asthma, and broncho spasm in relation to treatment with an giotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. BMJ. 1994;308(6920):18-21
16. Christiansen SC, Schatz M, Yang SJ, et al. Hypertension and asthma: a comorbid relationship. J Al lergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2016;4(1):76-81. DOI:10.1016/j.jaip.2015.07.009
17. Tanaka H, Teramoto S, Oashi K, et al. Effects of candesartan on cough and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in mildly to moderately hypertensive patients with symptomatic asthma. Circulation. 2001;104(3):281-5. DOI:10.1161/01.cir.104.3.281
18. Caldeira D, David C, Sampaio C. Toler ability of angiotensin-receptor blockers in patients with intolerance to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Cardio vasc Drugs. 2012;12(4):263-77. DOI:10.1007/BF03261835
19. Ruan Z, Dan Li, Hu Y, et al. The Association of Renin-Angiotensin System Blockades and Mortality in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Acute Respiratory Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2022;1(17):2001-11. DOI:10.2147/COPD.S370817
20. Parving HH, Brenner BM, McMurray JJV, et al. Cardiorenal end points in a trial of aliskiren for type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(23):2204-13. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1208799
21. Minushkina LO, Zateyshchikov DA. Eplerenone – a selective aldosterone receptor blocker. Farmateka. 2007;138(3):10-7. Available at: https://pharmateca.ru/articles/Eplerenon-selektivnyi-blokator-receptorov-aldosterona.html. Accessed: 01.12.2025 (in Russian).
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23. Kotfis К, Lechowicz К, Drozdzal S, et al. COVID-19-The Potential Beneficial Therapeutic Effects of Spironolactone during SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021;14(1):71. DOI:10.3390/ph14010071
24. White WB, Duprez D, Hillaire R, et al. Effects of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone versus the calcium antagonist amlodipine in systolic hypertension. Hypertension. 2003;41(5):1021-6. DOI:10.1161/01.HYP.0000067463.13172.EA
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26. Pandey AK, Bhatt DL, Cosentino F, et al. Non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in cardiorenal disease. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(31):2931-45. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac299
27. FDA approves drug to reduce risk of serious kidney and heart complications in adults with chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/fda-approves-drug-reduce-risk-serious-kidney-and-h.... Accessed: 05.12.2025.
28. Kerendia. European Medicines Agency (EMA). Available at: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/kerendia. Accessed: 05.12.2025.
29. Bakris GL, Agarwal R, Anker SD, et al. Effect of Finerenone on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(23):2219-29. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2025845
30. Pitt B, Filippatos G, Agarwal R, et al. Cardiovascular Events with Finerenone in Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(24):2252-63. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2110956
31. Kolkhof P, Delbeck M, Kretschmer A, et al. Antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of the selective nonsteroidal MR antagonist finerenone in preclinical pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(1):ehab724.2932. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2932
32. Butt JH, Jhund PS, Alasdair D, et al. Online ahead of print. Finerenone, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction: A prespecified analysis of the FINEARTS-HF trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2025;27(8):1444-58. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.3661
33. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2022;75(6):523. DOI:10.1016/j.rec.2022.05.005
34. Barbarash OL, Duplyakov DV, Zateyshchikov DA, et al. Acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation of the electrocardiogram. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russ J Cardiol. 2021;4:149-202 (in Russian). DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4449
35. Averkov OV, Duplyakov DV, Gilyarov MYu, et al. Acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation of the electrocardiogram. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russ J Cardiol. 2020;25(11):251-310 (in Russian). DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2020-4103
2. Чазова И.Е., Невзорова В.А., Амбатьелло Л.Г., и др. Клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению пациентов с артериальной гипертонией и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких. Системные гипертензии. 2020;17(3):7-34 [Chazova IE, Nevzorova VA, Ambatiello LG, et al. Clinical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment patients with hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Systemic hypertension. 2020;17(3):7-34 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.26442/2075082X.2020.3.200294
3. Rabe KF, Hurd S, Anzueto A, et al. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;176(6):532-55. DOI:10.1164/rccm.200703-456SO
4. Климова А.А., Амбатьелло Л.Г., Смолякова Е.В., и др. Частота выявления сочетанной бронхообструктивной патологии у пациентов с артериальной гипертонией, поступающих в специализированный кардиологический стационар. Системные гипертензии. 2023;20(1):35-43 [Klimova AA, Ambatiello LG, Smolyakova EV, et al. Frequency of detection of combined broncho-obstructive pathology in patients with arterial hypertension admitted to a specialized cardiology hospital. Systemic Hypertension. 2023;20(1):35-43 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.38109/2075-082X-2023-1-35-43
5. Delmas MC, Benezet L, Ribet C, et al. Underdiagnosis of obstructive lung disease: findings from the French CONSTANCES cohort. BMC Pulm Med. 2021;21(1):319. DOI:10.1186/s12890-021-01688-z
6. Perret J, Sean Yip SW, Idrose NS, et al. Undiagnosed and 'overdiagnosed' COPD using postbronchodilator spirometry in primary healthcare settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2023;10(1):e001478. DOI:10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001478
7. Roucoux G, Scanferla E, Delorme M, et al. Twelve barriers to COPD diagnosis in France: a comparative qualitative study. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2025;12:e002708. DOI:10.1136/bmjresp-2024-002708
8. Kisiel MA, Jacobsson M, Järhult S, et al. Risk Factors for the Absence of Diagnosis of Asthma Despite Disease Symptoms: Results from the Swedish GA2LEN Study. J Asthma Allergy. 2022;15:179-86. DOI:10.2147/JAA.S350245
9. Изможерова Н.В., Кадников Л.И., Бахтин В.М., и др. Клиническая фармакология препаратов, влияющих на ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновую систему. Учебное пособие. Екатеринбург: УГМУ, 2024 [Izmozherova NV, Kadnikov LI, Bakhtin VM, et al. Klinicheskaia farmakologiia preparatov vliiaiushchikh na reninangiotenzinaldosteronovuiu sistemu. Uchebnoe posobie. Ekaterinburg: Ural State Medical University, 2024 (in Russian)].
10. Архипов В.В. Применение иАПФ при бронхообструктивных заболеваниях: безопасность и нежелательные лекарственные реакции. Качественная клиническая практика. 2003;2:101-7 [Arkhipov VV. Use of ACE inhibitors in broncho-obstructive diseases: safety and adverse drug reactions. Qualitative clinical practice. 2003;(2):101-7 (in Russian)].
11. Shrikrishna D, Astin R, Kemp PR, Hopkinson NS. Renin-angiotensin system blockade: a novel therapeutic approach in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Sci (Lond). 2012;123(8):487-98. DOI:10.1042/CS20120081
12. Mukae S, Itoh S, Aoki S, et al. Association of polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system and bradykinin B2 receptor with ACE-inhibitor-related cough. J Hum Hypertens. 2002;16:857-63. DOI:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001486
13. Yilmaz I, Türk M, Ketencioglu BB, et al. The presence of underlying asthma should be investigated in patients diagnosed with ACE inhibitor induced cough. Clin Respir J. 2020;14(4):382-8. DOI:10.1111/crj.13143
14. Song WJ, Niimi AJ. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Asthma, and Cough: Relighting the Torch. Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(9):3440-1. DOI:10.1016/j.jaip.2021.07.002
15. Lunde H, Hedner T, Samuelsson O, et al. Dyspnoea, asthma, and broncho spasm in relation to treatment with an giotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. BMJ. 1994;308(6920):18-21
16. Christiansen SC, Schatz M, Yang SJ, et al. Hypertension and asthma: a comorbid relationship. J Al lergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2016;4(1):76-81. DOI:10.1016/j.jaip.2015.07.009
17. Tanaka H, Teramoto S, Oashi K, et al. Effects of candesartan on cough and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in mildly to moderately hypertensive patients with symptomatic asthma. Circulation. 2001;104(3):281-5. DOI:10.1161/01.cir.104.3.281
18. Caldeira D, David C, Sampaio C. Toler ability of angiotensin-receptor blockers in patients with intolerance to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Cardio vasc Drugs. 2012;12(4):263-77. DOI:10.1007/BF03261835
19. Ruan Z, Dan Li, Hu Y, et al. The Association of Renin-Angiotensin System Blockades and Mortality in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Acute Respiratory Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2022;1(17):2001-11. DOI:10.2147/COPD.S370817
20. Parving HH, Brenner BM, McMurray JJV, et al. Cardiorenal end points in a trial of aliskiren for type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(23):2204-13. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1208799
21. Минушкина Л.О., Затейщиков Д.А. Эплеренон – селективный блокатор рецепторов альдостерона. Фарматека. 2007;3(138):10-7. Режим доступа: https://pharmateca.ru/articles/Eplerenon-selektivnyi-blokator-receptorov-aldosterona.html. Ссылка доступна на 01.12.2025 [Minushkina LO, Zateyshchikov DA. Eplerenone – a selective aldosterone receptor blocker. Farmateka. 2007;138(3):10-7. Available at: https://pharmateca.ru/articles/Eplerenon-selektivnyi-blokator-receptorov-aldosterona.html. Accessed: 01.12.2025 (in Russian)].
22. Ji WJ, Ma YQ, Zhou X, et al. Spironolactone attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary injury partially via modulating mononuclear phagocyte phenotype switching in circulating and alveolar compartments. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e81090. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0081090
23. Kotfis К, Lechowicz К, Drozdzal S, et al. COVID-19-The Potential Beneficial Therapeutic Effects of Spironolactone during SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021;14(1):71. DOI:10.3390/ph14010071
24. White WB, Duprez D, Hillaire R, et al. Effects of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone versus the calcium antagonist amlodipine in systolic hypertension. Hypertension. 2003;41(5):1021-6. DOI:10.1161/01.HYP.0000067463.13172.EA
25. Lieber GB, Fernandez X, Mingo GG, Jia Y, et al. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists attenuate pulmonary inflammation and bleomycin-evoked fibrosis in rodent models. Eur J Pharmacol. 2013;718(1-3):290-8. DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.08.019
26. Pandey AK, Bhatt DL, Cosentino F, et al. Non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in cardiorenal disease. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(31):2931-45. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac299
27. FDA approves drug to reduce risk of serious kidney and heart complications in adults with chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/fda-approves-drug-reduce-risk-serious-kidney-and-h.... Accessed: 05.12.2025.
28. Kerendia. European Medicines Agency (EMA). Available at: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/kerendia. Accessed: 05.12.2025.
29. Bakris GL, Agarwal R, Anker SD, et al. Effect of Finerenone on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(23):2219-29. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2025845
30. Pitt B, Filippatos G, Agarwal R, et al. Cardiovascular Events with Finerenone in Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(24):2252-63. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2110956
31. Kolkhof P, Delbeck M, Kretschmer A, et al. Antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of the selective nonsteroidal MR antagonist finerenone in preclinical pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(1):ehab724.2932. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2932
32. Butt JH, Jhund PS, Alasdair D, et al. Online ahead of print. Finerenone, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction: A prespecified analysis of the FINEARTS-HF trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2025;27(8):1444-58. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.3661
33. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2022;75(6):523. DOI:10.1016/j.rec.2022.05.005
34. Барбараш О.Л., Дупляков Д.В., Затейщиков Д.А., и др. Острый коронарный синдром без подъема сегмента ST электрокардиограммы. Клинические рекомендации 2020. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2021;4:149-202 [Barbarash OL, Duplyakov DV, Zateyshchikov DA, et al. Acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation of the electrocardiogram. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russ J Cardiol. 2021;4:149-202 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4449
35. Аверков О.В., Дупляков Д.В., Гиляров М.Ю., и др. Острый инфаркт миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST электрокардиограммы. Клинические рекомендации 2020. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2020;25(11):251-310 [Averkov OV, Duplyakov DV, Gilyarov MYu, et al. Acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation of the electrocardiogram. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russ J Cardiol. 2020;25(11):251-310 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2020-4103
________________________________________________
2. Chazova IE, Nevzorova VA, Ambatiello LG, et al. Clinical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment patients with hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Systemic hypertension. 2020;17(3):7-34 (in Russian). DOI:10.26442/2075082X.2020.3.200294
3. Rabe KF, Hurd S, Anzueto A, et al. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;176(6):532-55. DOI:10.1164/rccm.200703-456SO
4. Klimova AA, Ambatiello LG, Smolyakova EV, et al. Frequency of detection of combined broncho-obstructive pathology in patients with arterial hypertension admitted to a specialized cardiology hospital. Systemic Hypertension. 2023;20(1):35-43 (in Russian). DOI:10.38109/2075-082X-2023-1-35-43
5. Delmas MC, Benezet L, Ribet C, et al. Underdiagnosis of obstructive lung disease: findings from the French CONSTANCES cohort. BMC Pulm Med. 2021;21(1):319. DOI:10.1186/s12890-021-01688-z
6. Perret J, Sean Yip SW, Idrose NS, et al. Undiagnosed and 'overdiagnosed' COPD using postbronchodilator spirometry in primary healthcare settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2023;10(1):e001478. DOI:10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001478
7. Roucoux G, Scanferla E, Delorme M, et al. Twelve barriers to COPD diagnosis in France: a comparative qualitative study. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2025;12:e002708. DOI:10.1136/bmjresp-2024-002708
8. Kisiel MA, Jacobsson M, Järhult S, et al. Risk Factors for the Absence of Diagnosis of Asthma Despite Disease Symptoms: Results from the Swedish GA2LEN Study. J Asthma Allergy. 2022;15:179-86. DOI:10.2147/JAA.S350245
9. Izmozherova NV, Kadnikov LI, Bakhtin VM, et al. Klinicheskaia farmakologiia preparatov vliiaiushchikh na reninangiotenzinaldosteronovuiu sistemu. Uchebnoe posobie. Ekaterinburg: Ural State Medical University, 2024 (in Russian).
10. Arkhipov VV. Use of ACE inhibitors in broncho-obstructive diseases: safety and adverse drug reactions. Qualitative clinical practice. 2003;(2):101-7 (in Russian).
11. Shrikrishna D, Astin R, Kemp PR, Hopkinson NS. Renin-angiotensin system blockade: a novel therapeutic approach in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Sci (Lond). 2012;123(8):487-98. DOI:10.1042/CS20120081
12. Mukae S, Itoh S, Aoki S, et al. Association of polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system and bradykinin B2 receptor with ACE-inhibitor-related cough. J Hum Hypertens. 2002;16:857-63. DOI:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001486
13. Yilmaz I, Türk M, Ketencioglu BB, et al. The presence of underlying asthma should be investigated in patients diagnosed with ACE inhibitor induced cough. Clin Respir J. 2020;14(4):382-8. DOI:10.1111/crj.13143
14. Song WJ, Niimi AJ. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Asthma, and Cough: Relighting the Torch. Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(9):3440-1. DOI:10.1016/j.jaip.2021.07.002
15. Lunde H, Hedner T, Samuelsson O, et al. Dyspnoea, asthma, and broncho spasm in relation to treatment with an giotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. BMJ. 1994;308(6920):18-21
16. Christiansen SC, Schatz M, Yang SJ, et al. Hypertension and asthma: a comorbid relationship. J Al lergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2016;4(1):76-81. DOI:10.1016/j.jaip.2015.07.009
17. Tanaka H, Teramoto S, Oashi K, et al. Effects of candesartan on cough and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in mildly to moderately hypertensive patients with symptomatic asthma. Circulation. 2001;104(3):281-5. DOI:10.1161/01.cir.104.3.281
18. Caldeira D, David C, Sampaio C. Toler ability of angiotensin-receptor blockers in patients with intolerance to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Cardio vasc Drugs. 2012;12(4):263-77. DOI:10.1007/BF03261835
19. Ruan Z, Dan Li, Hu Y, et al. The Association of Renin-Angiotensin System Blockades and Mortality in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Acute Respiratory Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2022;1(17):2001-11. DOI:10.2147/COPD.S370817
20. Parving HH, Brenner BM, McMurray JJV, et al. Cardiorenal end points in a trial of aliskiren for type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(23):2204-13. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1208799
21. Minushkina LO, Zateyshchikov DA. Eplerenone – a selective aldosterone receptor blocker. Farmateka. 2007;138(3):10-7. Available at: https://pharmateca.ru/articles/Eplerenon-selektivnyi-blokator-receptorov-aldosterona.html. Accessed: 01.12.2025 (in Russian).
22. Ji WJ, Ma YQ, Zhou X, et al. Spironolactone attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary injury partially via modulating mononuclear phagocyte phenotype switching in circulating and alveolar compartments. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e81090. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0081090
23. Kotfis К, Lechowicz К, Drozdzal S, et al. COVID-19-The Potential Beneficial Therapeutic Effects of Spironolactone during SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021;14(1):71. DOI:10.3390/ph14010071
24. White WB, Duprez D, Hillaire R, et al. Effects of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone versus the calcium antagonist amlodipine in systolic hypertension. Hypertension. 2003;41(5):1021-6. DOI:10.1161/01.HYP.0000067463.13172.EA
25. Lieber GB, Fernandez X, Mingo GG, Jia Y, et al. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists attenuate pulmonary inflammation and bleomycin-evoked fibrosis in rodent models. Eur J Pharmacol. 2013;718(1-3):290-8. DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.08.019
26. Pandey AK, Bhatt DL, Cosentino F, et al. Non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in cardiorenal disease. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(31):2931-45. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac299
27. FDA approves drug to reduce risk of serious kidney and heart complications in adults with chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/fda-approves-drug-reduce-risk-serious-kidney-and-h.... Accessed: 05.12.2025.
28. Kerendia. European Medicines Agency (EMA). Available at: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/kerendia. Accessed: 05.12.2025.
29. Bakris GL, Agarwal R, Anker SD, et al. Effect of Finerenone on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(23):2219-29. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2025845
30. Pitt B, Filippatos G, Agarwal R, et al. Cardiovascular Events with Finerenone in Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(24):2252-63. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2110956
31. Kolkhof P, Delbeck M, Kretschmer A, et al. Antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of the selective nonsteroidal MR antagonist finerenone in preclinical pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(1):ehab724.2932. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2932
32. Butt JH, Jhund PS, Alasdair D, et al. Online ahead of print. Finerenone, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction: A prespecified analysis of the FINEARTS-HF trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2025;27(8):1444-58. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.3661
33. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2022;75(6):523. DOI:10.1016/j.rec.2022.05.005
34. Barbarash OL, Duplyakov DV, Zateyshchikov DA, et al. Acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation of the electrocardiogram. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russ J Cardiol. 2021;4:149-202 (in Russian). DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4449
35. Averkov OV, Duplyakov DV, Gilyarov MYu, et al. Acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation of the electrocardiogram. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russ J Cardiol. 2020;25(11):251-310 (in Russian). DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2020-4103
Авторы
Л.Г. Амбатьелло*
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. акад. Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*lali.ambatiello@mail.ru
Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
*lali.ambatiello@mail.ru
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. акад. Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*lali.ambatiello@mail.ru
________________________________________________
Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
*lali.ambatiello@mail.ru
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