Нарушения функций почек у пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями. Эффекты блокаторов ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы

1. Смирнов А.В., Добронравов В.А., Каюков И.Г. Кардиоренальный континуум патогенетические основы превентивной нефрологии. Нефрология. 2005; 9 (3): 7–15. / Smirnov A.V., Dobronravov V.A., Kaiukov I.G. Kardiorenal'nyi kontinuum patogeneticheskie osnovy preventivnoi nefrologii. Nefrologiia. 2005; 9 (3): 7–15. [in Russian]
2. Сигитова О.Н. Хроническая болезнь почек и хроническая почечная недостаточность: современные подходы к терминологии, классификации и диагностике. Вестн. соврем. клин. медицины. 2008; 1: 83–7. / Sigitova O.N. Khronicheskaia bolezn' pochek i khronicheskaia pochechnaia nedostatochnost': sovremennye podkhody k terminologii, klassifikatsii i diagnostike. Vestn. sovrem. klin. meditsiny. 2008; 1: 83–7. [in Russian]
3. Heywood JT, Burnett JC. Cardiorenal Syndrome: A Clinician's Guide to Pathophysiology and Management. Cardiotext Publishing 2012.
4. Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid C.H. A New Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate. Ann Intern Med 2009; 150: 604–12.
5. Кобалава Ж.Д., Виллевальде С.В., Ефремовцева М.А. Хроническая болезнь почек: определение, классификация, принципы диагностики и лечения. РКЖ. 2013; 4 (102): 95–103. / Kobalava Zh.D., Villeval'de S.V., Efremovtseva M.A. Khronicheskaia bolezn' pochek: opredelenie, klassifikatsiia, printsipy diagnostiki i lecheniia. RKZh. 2013; 4 (102): 95–103. [in Russian]
6. Go AS, Bansal N, Hlatky MA et al. Chronic kidney disease and risk of presenting with acute myocardial infarction versus stable exertional angina in adults with coronary heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58 (15): 1600–7.
7. Santopino JJ, Fox K, Goldberg RJ et al. on behalf of the GRACE investigators. Creatinine clearance and adverse hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes: findings from the global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE). Heart 2003; 89:1003–8.
8. Marenzy G, Assanelli E, Campodonoco J et al. Acute kidney injury in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock at admission. Crit Care Med 2010; 38: 438–44.
9. Mosoudi FA, Plomondon ME, Magid DJ et al. Renal insufficiency and mortality from acute coronary syndrome. Am Heart J 2004; 147 (4): 623–9.
10. Muller C, Neumann F-J, Perruchould AP, Buettner HJ. Renal function and long term mortality after unstable angina/non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction treated very early and predominantly with percutaneous coronary intervention. Heart 2004; 90 (8): 902–7.
11. AlFaleh HF, Alsuwaida AO, Ullah A et al. Glomerular filtration rate estimated by the CKD-EPI formula is a powerful predictor of in-hospital adverse clinical outcomes after an acute coronary syndrome. Angiology 2012; 63 (2): 119–26.
12. Gugliucci A, Kinugasa E, Kotani K. Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) lactonase activity is lower in end-stage renal disease patients than in healthy control subjects and increases after hemodialysis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49: 61–7.
13. Шестакова М.В. Роль тканевой ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы в развитии метаболического синдрома, сахарного диабета и его сосудистых осложнений (пленарная лекция). Сахарный диабет. 2010; 3: 14–9. / Shestakova M.V. Rol' tkanevoi renin-angiotenzin-al'dosteronovoi sistemy v razvitii metabolicheskogo sindroma, sakharnogo diabeta i ego sosudistykh oslozhnenii (plenarnaia lektsiia). Sakharnyi diabet. 2010; 3: 14–9. [in Russian]
14. Моисеев В.С., Мухин Н.А., Смирнов А.В. и др. Сердечно-сосудистый риск и хроническая болезнь почек: стратегии кардио-нефропротекции. Клинические рекомендации. РКЖ. 2014; 8 (112): 7–37. / Moiseev V.S., Mukhin N.A., Smirnov A.V. i dr. Serdechno-sosudistyi risk i khronicheskaia bolezn' pochek: strategii kardio-nefroprotektsii. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii. RKZh. 2014; 8 (112): 7–37. [in Russian]
15. Brauser D. RAS Inhibitors 'Underused' in Renal Patients After an MI, Says New Research. Heartwire from Medscape. 2015. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/849404#vp_1
16. Hall AS. Ace inhibition and target organ protection. Hoechst Marion Roussel 1998; 7.
17. Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Bain RP et al. The effect of ACE inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. N Eng J Med 1993; 329: 1456–62.
18. Конради А.О. Ингибитор АПФ фозиноприл в лечении артериальной гипертензии – потенциальные преимущества. Мед. совет в поликлинике. 2014; 7: 26–9. / Konradi A.O. Ingibitor APF fozinopril v lechenii arterial'noi gipertenzii – potentsial'nye preimushchestva. Med. sovet v poliklinike. 2014; 7: 26–9. [in Russian]
19. Goldszer R, Iruine G. Renal finction on prolonges obesity. Kydney Int 1989; 25: 165–9.
20. Mac Mahon NB, Cauman S. Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blob pressure lowering drugs: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomized trials. BPLTCT. Lancet 2004; 345: 1076–8.
21. Koch M, Thomas B, Tschope E et al. Survival and predictors of death in dialyzed diabetic patients. Diabetologia 1993; 10: 1515–6.
22. Walker WG, Cutler J, Neuwirth R et al. Blood pressure and renal function in the Multiple Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). J Hypertens 1990; 8 (Suppl. 3): VA. 3.
23. Кондари А.О. Рациональный выбор иАПФ с позиции нефропротекции. Артериальная гипертензия. 2004. / Kondari A.O. Ratsional'nyi vybor iAPF s pozitsii nefroprotektsii. Arterial'naia gipertenziia. 2004. [in Russian]
24. Kafettz K. Renal impairment in the elderly: a review. J R Soc Med 1983; 76: 398–401.
25. Карпов Ю.А., Мареев В.Ю., Чазова И.Е. Российские программы оценки эффективности лечения фозиноприлом больных с артериальной гипертонией и сердечной недостаточностью. Проект ТРИ Ф (ФЛАГ, ФАСОН, ФАГОТ). ЖСН. 2003; 4 (5). / Karpov Iu.A., Mareev V.Iu., Chazova I.E. Rossiiskie programmy otsenki effektivnosti lecheniia fozinoprilom bol'nykh s arterial'noi gipertoniei i serdechnoi nedostatochnost'iu. Proekt TRI F (FLAG, FASON, FAGOT). ZhSN. 2003; 4 (5). [in Russian]
26. Asselbergs FW, Diercks GF, Hillege HL et al. Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease Intervention Trial (PREVEND IT) Investigators. Effects of fosinopril and pravastatin on cardiovascular events in subjects with microalbuminuria. Circulation 2004; 110 (18): 2809–16.
27. Marin R, Ruilope LM, Aljama P et al. A random comparison of fosinopril and nifedipine GITS in patients with primary renal disease. J Hypertens 2001; 19: 1871–6.
28. Stavroulakis GA, Makris TK, Krespi PG et al. Predicting response to chronic antihypertensive treatment with fosinopril: the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2000; 14: 427–32.
29. Brown EJ Jr, Chew PH, MacLean A et al. Effects of fosinopril on exercise tolerance and clinical deterioration in patients with chronic congestive heart failure not taking digitalis. Fosinopril Heart Failure Study Group. Am J Cardiol 1995; 75 (8): 596–600.
30. Li C, Lin L, Zhang W, Zhou L et al. Efficiency and Safety of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 Monoclonal Antibody on Hypercholesterolemia: A Meta-Analysis of 20 Randomized Controlled Trials. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4: e001937.
31. McMurray JJ, Pitt B, Latini R, Maggioni AP et al. Effects of the oral direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in patients with symptomatic heart failure. Circ Heart Fail 2008; 1 (1): 17–24.
32. Wu MT, Tung SC, Hsu KT, Lee CT. Aliskiren add-on therapy effectively reduces proteinuria in chronic kidney disease: An open-label prospective trial. J Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron Syst 2014; 15 (3): 271–7.
33. Rusai K, Schmaderer C, Hermans JJ et al. Direct renin inhibition in a rat model of chronic allograft injury. Transplantation 2011; 92 (9): 999–1004.
34. Sun CY, Cherng WJ, Jian HZ, Hsu HH et al. Aliskiren reduced renal fibrosis in mice with chronic ischemic kidney injury-beyond the direct renin inhibition. Hypertens Res 2012; 35 (3): 304–11.
35. Pouleur AC, Uno H, Prescott MF et al. Suppression of aldosterone mediates regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2011; 12 (4): 483–90.
36. Дралова О.В., Максимов М.Л., Дербенцева Е.А. и др. Альдостерон как маркер дисфункции ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы и коррекция его уровня у больных артериальной гипертензией II–III степени и хронической болезнью почек. Эксперим. и клин. фармакология. 2011; 74 (4): 14–7. / Dralova O.V., Maksimov M.L., Derbentseva E.A. i dr. Al'dosteron kak marker disfunktsii renin-angiotenzin-al'dosteronovoi sistemy i korrektsiia ego urovnia u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertenziei II–III stepeni i khronicheskoi bolezn'iu pochek. Eksperim. i klin. farmakologiia. 2011; 74 (4): 14–7. [in Russian]
37. Hammad FT, Al-Salam S, Lubbad L. Does aliskiren protect the kidney following ischemia reperfusion injury? Physiol Res 2013; 62 (6): 681–90.
38. McMurray JJ, Abraham WT, Dickstein K et al. Aliskiren, ALTITUDE, and the implications for ATMOSPHERE. Eur J Heart Fail 2012; 14 (4): 341–3.
39. Batenburg WW, Danser AHJ. (Pro)renin and its receptors: pathophysiological implications. Clin Sci 2012; 123 (3): 121–33.
40. Sealey JE, Alderman MH, Furberg CD, Laragh JH. Renin-angiotensin system blockers may create more risk than reward for sodium-depleted cardiovascular patients with high plasma renin levels. Am J Hypertens 2013; 26 (6): 727–38.
41. Григоренко В.Р., Палиенко Е.А., Пионова Е.Н. Перспективы применения прямого ингибитора ренина – алискирена [Электронный ресурс]. Eur Stud Scientific J 2014; 2. URL: sjes.esrae.ru/21-251 / Grigorenko V.R., Palienko E.A., Pionova E.N. Perspektivy primeneniia priamogo ingibitora renina – aliskirena [Elektronnyi resurs]. Eur Stud Scientific J 2014; 2. URL: sjes.esrae.ru/21-251 [in Russian]
42. Моисеев В.С., Мухин Н.А., Смирнов А.В. и др. Сердечно-сосудистый риск и хроническая болезнь почек: стратегии кардио-нефропротекции. Клинические рекомендации. РКЖ. 2014; 8 (112): 7–37. / Moiseev V.S., Mukhin N.A., Smirnov A.V. i dr. Serdechno-sosudistyi risk i khronicheskaia bolezn' pochek: strategii kardio-nefroprotektsii. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii. RKZh. 2014; 8 (112): 7–37. [in Russian]
43. Eknoyan G, Lameire N, Eckardt KU et al. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Lipid Management in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Suppl 2013; 3 (3): 259–305.
44. Шестакова М.В. Активность ренин-ангиотензиновой системы (РАС) жировой ткани: метаболические эффекты блокады РАС. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2011; 1: 21–5. / Shestakova M.V. Aktivnost' renin-angiotenzinovoi sistemy (RAS) zhirovoi tkani: metabolicheskie effekty blokady RAS. Ozhirenie i metabolizm. 2011; 1: 21–5. [in Russian]

________________________________________________

1. Smirnov A.V., Dobronravov V.A., Kaiukov I.G. Kardiorenal'nyi kontinuum patogeneticheskie osnovy preventivnoi nefrologii. Nefrologiia. 2005; 9 (3): 7–15. [in Russian]
2. Sigitova O.N. Khronicheskaia bolezn' pochek i khronicheskaia pochechnaia nedostatochnost': sovremennye podkhody k terminologii, klassifikatsii i diagnostike. Vestn. sovrem. klin. meditsiny. 2008; 1: 83–7. [in Russian]
3. Heywood JT, Burnett JC. Cardiorenal Syndrome: A Clinician's Guide to Pathophysiology and Management. Cardiotext Publishing 2012.
4. Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid C.H. A New Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate. Ann Intern Med 2009; 150: 604–12.
5. Kobalava Zh.D., Villeval'de S.V., Efremovtseva M.A. Khronicheskaia bolezn' pochek: opredelenie, klassifikatsiia, printsipy diagnostiki i lecheniia. RKZh. 2013; 4 (102): 95–103. [in Russian]
6. Go AS, Bansal N, Hlatky MA et al. Chronic kidney disease and risk of presenting with acute myocardial infarction versus stable exertional angina in adults with coronary heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58 (15): 1600–7.
7. Santopino JJ, Fox K, Goldberg RJ et al. on behalf of the GRACE investigators. Creatinine clearance and adverse hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes: findings from the global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE). Heart 2003; 89:1003–8.
8. Marenzy G, Assanelli E, Campodonoco J et al. Acute kidney injury in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock at admission. Crit Care Med 2010; 38: 438–44.
9. Mosoudi FA, Plomondon ME, Magid DJ et al. Renal insufficiency and mortality from acute coronary syndrome. Am Heart J 2004; 147 (4): 623–9.
10. Muller C, Neumann F-J, Perruchould AP, Buettner HJ. Renal function and long term mortality after unstable angina/non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction treated very early and predominantly with percutaneous coronary intervention. Heart 2004; 90 (8): 902–7.
11. AlFaleh HF, Alsuwaida AO, Ullah A et al. Glomerular filtration rate estimated by the CKD-EPI formula is a powerful predictor of in-hospital adverse clinical outcomes after an acute coronary syndrome. Angiology 2012; 63 (2): 119–26.
12. Gugliucci A, Kinugasa E, Kotani K. Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) lactonase activity is lower in end-stage renal disease patients than in healthy control subjects and increases after hemodialysis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49: 61–7.
13. Shestakova M.V. Rol' tkanevoi renin-angiotenzin-al'dosteronovoi sistemy v razvitii metabolicheskogo sindroma, sakharnogo diabeta i ego sosudistykh oslozhnenii (plenarnaia lektsiia). Sakharnyi diabet. 2010; 3: 14–9. [in Russian]
14. Moiseev V.S., Mukhin N.A., Smirnov A.V. i dr. Serdechno-sosudistyi risk i khronicheskaia bolezn' pochek: strategii kardio-nefroprotektsii. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii. RKZh. 2014; 8 (112): 7–37. [in Russian]
15. Brauser D. RAS Inhibitors 'Underused' in Renal Patients After an MI, Says New Research. Heartwire from Medscape. 2015. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/849404#vp_1
16. Hall AS. Ace inhibition and target organ protection. Hoechst Marion Roussel 1998; 7.
17. Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Bain RP et al. The effect of ACE inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. N Eng J Med 1993; 329: 1456–62.
18. Konradi A.O. Ingibitor APF fozinopril v lechenii arterial'noi gipertenzii – potentsial'nye preimushchestva. Med. sovet v poliklinike. 2014; 7: 26–9. [in Russian]
19. Goldszer R, Iruine G. Renal finction on prolonges obesity. Kydney Int 1989; 25: 165–9.
20. Mac Mahon NB, Cauman S. Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blob pressure lowering drugs: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomized trials. BPLTCT. Lancet 2004; 345: 1076–8.
21. Koch M, Thomas B, Tschope E et al. Survival and predictors of death in dialyzed diabetic patients. Diabetologia 1993; 10: 1515–6.
22. Walker WG, Cutler J, Neuwirth R et al. Blood pressure and renal function in the Multiple Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). J Hypertens 1990; 8 (Suppl. 3): VA. 3.
23. Kondari A.O. Ratsional'nyi vybor iAPF s pozitsii nefroprotektsii. Arterial'naia gipertenziia. 2004. [in Russian]
24. Kafettz K. Renal impairment in the elderly: a review. J R Soc Med 1983; 76: 398–401.
25. Karpov Iu.A., Mareev V.Iu., Chazova I.E. Rossiiskie programmy otsenki effektivnosti lecheniia fozinoprilom bol'nykh s arterial'noi gipertoniei i serdechnoi nedostatochnost'iu. Proekt TRI F (FLAG, FASON, FAGOT). ZhSN. 2003; 4 (5). [in Russian]
26. Asselbergs FW, Diercks GF, Hillege HL et al. Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease Intervention Trial (PREVEND IT) Investigators. Effects of fosinopril and pravastatin on cardiovascular events in subjects with microalbuminuria. Circulation 2004; 110 (18): 2809–16.
27. Marin R, Ruilope LM, Aljama P et al. A random comparison of fosinopril and nifedipine GITS in patients with primary renal disease. J Hypertens 2001; 19: 1871–6.
28. Stavroulakis GA, Makris TK, Krespi PG et al. Predicting response to chronic antihypertensive treatment with fosinopril: the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2000; 14: 427–32.
29. Brown EJ Jr, Chew PH, MacLean A et al. Effects of fosinopril on exercise tolerance and clinical deterioration in patients with chronic congestive heart failure not taking digitalis. Fosinopril Heart Failure Study Group. Am J Cardiol 1995; 75 (8): 596–600.
30. Li C, Lin L, Zhang W, Zhou L et al. Efficiency and Safety of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 Monoclonal Antibody on Hypercholesterolemia: A Meta-Analysis of 20 Randomized Controlled Trials. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4: e001937.
31. McMurray JJ, Pitt B, Latini R, Maggioni AP et al. Effects of the oral direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in patients with symptomatic heart failure. Circ Heart Fail 2008; 1 (1): 17–24.
32. Wu MT, Tung SC, Hsu KT, Lee CT. Aliskiren add-on therapy effectively reduces proteinuria in chronic kidney disease: An open-label prospective trial. J Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron Syst 2014; 15 (3): 271–7.
33. Rusai K, Schmaderer C, Hermans JJ et al. Direct renin inhibition in a rat model of chronic allograft injury. Transplantation 2011; 92 (9): 999–1004.
34. Sun CY, Cherng WJ, Jian HZ, Hsu HH et al. Aliskiren reduced renal fibrosis in mice with chronic ischemic kidney injury-beyond the direct renin inhibition. Hypertens Res 2012; 35 (3): 304–11.
35. Pouleur AC, Uno H, Prescott MF et al. Suppression of aldosterone mediates regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2011; 12 (4): 483–90.
36. Dralova O.V., Maksimov M.L., Derbentseva E.A. i dr. Al'dosteron kak marker disfunktsii renin-angiotenzin-al'dosteronovoi sistemy i korrektsiia ego urovnia u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertenziei II–III stepeni i khronicheskoi bolezn'iu pochek. Eksperim. i klin. farmakologiia. 2011; 74 (4): 14–7. [in Russian]
37. Hammad FT, Al-Salam S, Lubbad L. Does aliskiren protect the kidney following ischemia reperfusion injury? Physiol Res 2013; 62 (6): 681–90.
38. McMurray JJ, Abraham WT, Dickstein K et al. Aliskiren, ALTITUDE, and the implications for ATMOSPHERE. Eur J Heart Fail 2012; 14 (4): 341–3.
39. Batenburg WW, Danser AHJ. (Pro)renin and its receptors: pathophysiological implications. Clin Sci 2012; 123 (3): 121–33.
40. Sealey JE, Alderman MH, Furberg CD, Laragh JH. Renin-angiotensin system blockers may create more risk than reward for sodium-depleted cardiovascular patients with high plasma renin levels. Am J Hypertens 2013; 26 (6): 727–38.
41. Grigorenko V.R., Palienko E.A., Pionova E.N. Perspektivy primeneniia priamogo ingibitora renina – aliskirena [Elektronnyi resurs]. Eur Stud Scientific J 2014; 2. URL: sjes.esrae.ru/21-251 [in Russian]
42. Moiseev V.S., Mukhin N.A., Smirnov A.V. i dr. Serdechno-sosudistyi risk i khronicheskaia bolezn' pochek: strategii kardio-nefroprotektsii. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii. RKZh. 2014; 8 (112): 7–37. [in Russian]
43. Eknoyan G, Lameire N, Eckardt KU et al. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Lipid Management in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Suppl 2013; 3 (3): 259–305.
44. Shestakova M.V. Aktivnost' renin-angiotenzinovoi sistemy (RAS) zhirovoi tkani: metabolicheskie effekty blokady RAS. Ozhirenie i metabolizm. 2011; 1: 21–5. [in Russian]

Т.Н.Зверева*1,2, М.В.Зыков1,3, О.Л.Барбараш1,2

1 ФГБНУ НИИ комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. 650002, Россия, Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6;
2 ГБОУ ВПО Кемеровская государственная медицинская академия Минздрава России. 650029, Россия, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, д. 22а;
3 МБУЗ Городская больница №4. 354057, Россия, Сочи, ул. Туапсинская, д. 1
*zverevat25@mail.ru

________________________________________________

T.N.Zvereva*1,2, M.V.Zykov1,3, O.L.Barbarash1,2

1 Scientific Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. 650002, Russian Federation, Kemerovo, Sosnovyi bul'var, d. 6;
2 Kemerovo State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 650029, Russian Federation, Kemerovo, ul. Voroshilova, d. 22a;
3 City Hospital №4. 354057, Russian Federation, Sochi, ul. Tuapsinskaia, d. 1
*zverevat25@mail.ru