В статье выполнен обзор научных данных о влиянии физических нагрузок на разные параметры состояния здоровья лиц с терминальной хронической почечной недостаточностью. На примерах клинических наблюдений проведены взаимосвязи между нутритивным статусом, менструальными расстройствами, остеопенией, эректильной дисфункцией и влиянием на них методов физической реабилитации.
Ключевые слова: хроническая болезнь почек, качество жизни, реабилитация, физические упражнения, профилактика.
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This article gives an overview of the scientific evidence on the impact of physical activity on various parameters of the health of people with end-stage renal disease. With examples of clinical observations, interrelations are established between nutritional status, menstrual disorders, osteopenia, erectile dysfunction and the impact on them of methods of physical rehabilitation.
1. Борисов А.В., Мордик А.И., Борисова Е.В., Ермакова И.П. Распространенность вторичного гиперпаратиреоза до и на фоне лечения активными метаболитами витамина Д3 в популяции больных амбулаторного диализного центра. Нефрология и диализ. 2006; 8 (2): 147–51. / Borisov A.V., Mordik A.I., Borisova E.V., Ermakova I.P. Rasprostranennost' vtorichnogo giperparatireoza do i na fone lecheniia aktivnymi metabolitami vitamina D3 v populiatsii bol'nykh ambulatornogo dializnogo tsentra. Nefrologiia i dializ. 2006; 8 (2): 147–51. [in Russian]
2. Вишневский К.А., Земченков А.Ю., Комашня А.В. и др. Физические нагрузки во время сеанса гемодиализа: комплаентность и эффекты. Нефрология и диализ. 2009; 4 (11). / Vishnevskiĭ K.A., Zemchenkov A.Iu., Komashnia A.V. i dr. Fizicheskie nagruzki vo vremia seansa gemodializa: komplaentnost' i effekty. Nefrologiia i dializ. 2009; 4 (11). [in Russian]
3. Вишневскиий К.А., Земченков А.Ю., Комашня А.В. и др. Физическая реабилитация больных с терминальной почечной недостаточностью. Методические рекомендации для врачей. СПб, 2009. / Vishnevskiy K.A., Zemchenkov A.Iu., Komashnia A.V. i dr. Fizicheskaia reabilitatsiia bol'nykh s terminal'noy pochechnoy nedostatochnost'iu. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii dlia vrachei. SPb, 2009. [in Russian]
4. Ефремов Е.А., Беков Р.Р., Дударева А.А. и др. Эпидемиология и этиологические факторы эректильной дисфункции у пациентов на почечнозаместительной терапии и после трансплантации почки. Вестн. трансплантологии и искусственных органов. 2011; XIII (1): 50–5. / Efremov E.A., Bekov R.R., Dudareva A.A. i dr. Epidemiologiia i etiologicheskie faktory erektil'noi disfunktsii u patsientov na pochechnozamestitel'noi terapii i posle transplantatsii pochki. Vestn. transplantologii i iskusstvennykh organov. 2011; XIII (1): 50–5. [in Russian]
5. Земченков А. Ю. Адекватность гемодиализа. Классический подход. Нефрология и диализ. 2001; 3 (1): 4–20. / Zemchenkov A. Iu. Adekvatnost' gemodializa. Klassicheskii podkhod. Nefrologiia i dializ. 2001; 3 (1): 4–20. [in Russian]
6. Королева Е.А., Бондарь И.А., Тов Н.Л. Сердечно-сосудистые и костные проявления гиперпаратиреоза у больных, получающих терапию программным гемодиализом. Медицина и образование в Сибири. 2013; 6. / Koroleva E.A., Bondar' I.A., Tov N.L. Serdechno-sosudistye i kostnye proiavleniia giperparatireoza u bol'nykh, poluchaiushchikh terapiiu programmnym gemodializom. Meditsina i obrazovanie v Sibiri. 2013; 6. [in Russian]
7. Ali Tayyebi, Malihe Babahaji, Mahdi Sadeghi Sherme et al. Study of the effect of Hatha Yoga exercises on dialysis adequacy 2012. Iran J Crit Care Nurs 2012; 4 (4): 183–90.
8. Anderson JE, Stewart KJ, Hatchett L. Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and pre and post hemodialysis (HD) blood pressure are lower after 3 months of exercise training. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12: 319A.
9. Beddhu S. Hypothesis: The body mass index paradox and an obesity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis syndrome in chronic kidney disease. Seminars in Dialysis. 2004; 17 (3): 229–32.
10. Birdee G, Rothman R, Wheeler A et al. Pilot study Intra-dialysis yoga and educational comparison group for patients with end-stage renal disease. J Alternative and Complementary Medicine 2014; 20 (5): A51–A52.
11. Birinder S, Cheema B, O’Sullivan AJ, Chan M et al. Progressive resistance training during hemodialysis: Rationale and method of a randomized-controlled trial. Hemodialysis International 2006; 10: 303–10.
12. Cheema B, Abas H, Smith B et al. Progressive exercise for anabolism in kidney disease (PEAK): A randomized controlled trial of resistence training during hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18: 1594–601.
13. Cupisti A, D’Alessandro C, Fumagalli G et al. Nutrition and physical activity in CKD patients. Kidney Blood Press Res 2014; 39: 107–13.
14. Deligiannis A, Kouidi E, Tassoulas E et al. Cardiac response to physical training in hemodialysis patients: an echokardiographic study at rest and during exercise. Int J Cardiol 1999; 70 (3): 253–66.
15. DePaul V, Moreland J, Eager T, Clase CM. The effectiveness of aerobic and muscle strength training in patients receiving hemodialysis and EPO. A randomized controlled trial. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 40: 1219–29.
16. Dong J, Sundell MB, Pupim LB et al. The effect of resistance exercise to augment long-term benefits of intradialytic oral nutritional supplementation in chronic hemodialysis patients. J Ren Nutr 2011; 21: 149–59.
17. Ebert D. Physiologische Aspekte des Yoga. 1. Aufl. Leipzig: Georg Thime, 1986.
18. Fleischmann E, Teal N, Dudley J et al. Influence of excess weight on mortality and hospital stay in 1346 hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 1999; 55: 1560–7.
19. Gordon L, McGrowder DA, Pena YT et al. Effect of yoga exercise therapy on oxidative stress indicators with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Int J Yoga 2013; 6 (1): 31–8. DOI: 10. 4103/0973-6131. 105944
20. Gordon L, McGrowder DA, Pena YT et al. Effect of exercise therapy on lipid parameters in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. J Lab Physicians 2012; 4 (1): 17–23. DOI: 10. 4103/0974-2727. 98665
21. Kawashima R, Douchi T, Oki T et al. Menstrual disorders in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 1998; 24 (5): 367–73.
22. Konstantinidou E, Koukouvou G, Kouidi E et al. Exercise training in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis: Comparison of three rehabilitation programs. J Rehabil Med 2002; 34 (1): 40–5.
23. Kouidi EJ. Central and peripheral adaftations to physical training in patiens with end-stage renal disease. Sports Med 2001; 31 (9): 651–65.
24. Kouidi E, Grekas D, Deligiannis A, Tourkantonis A. Outcomes of long-term exercise training in dialysis patients: Comparison of two training programs. Clin Nephrol 2004; 61 (Suppl 1): 31–8.
25. Kouidi E, Karagiannis V, Grekas D et al. Depression, heart rate variability, and exercise training in dialysis patients. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2010; 17 (2): 160–67. DOI: 10. 1097/HJR. 0b013e32833188c4.
26. Kutner NG. How can exercise be incorporated into the routine care of patients on dialysis? Int Urol Nephrol 2007; 39 (4): 1281–5.
27. Mahrova A, Svagrova K. Exercise therapy – additional tool for managing physical and psychological problems on hemodialysis. URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/hemodialysis/exercise-therapy-additional-tool-for-managing-physical-....
28. Majchrzak KM, Pupim LB, Flakoll PJ, Ikizler TA. Resistance exercise augments the acute anabolic effects of intradialytic oral nutritional supplementation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 23: 1362–9.
29. Makhlough A, Ilali E, Mohseni R, Shahmohammadi S. Effect of intradialytic aerobic exercise on serum electrolytes levels in hemodialysis patients. Iran J Kidney Dis 2012; 6 (2): 119–23.
30. Matuszkiewicz-Rowińska J, Skórzewska K, Radowicki S et al. Menstrual disturbances and alternations in hypophyseal gonadal axis in end-stage premenopausal women undergoing hemodialysis: A multi-center study. Pol Arch Med Wewn 2003; 109 (6): 609–15.
31. Miller BW, Cress CL, Johnson ME et al. Exercise during hemodialysis decreases the use of antihypertensive medications. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39 (4): 828–33.
32. Moug S, Grant S, Creed G, Boulton Jones M. Exercise during haemodialysis. West of Scotland pilot study. Scott Med J 2004; 49: 14–7.
33. Painter P, Carlson L, Carey S et al. Low-functioning hemodialysis patients improve with exercise training. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 36: 600–8.
34. Painter P, Carlson L, Carey S et al. Physical functioning and health-related quality-of-life changes with exercise training in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 35: 482–92.
35. Panichi V, Cupisti A, Rosati A et al. Geriatric nutritional risk index is a strong predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients: Data from the Riscavid cohort. J Nephrol 2014. 27 (2): 193–201. DOI: 10. 1007/s40620-013-0033-0.
36. Radowicki S, Skórzewska K, Matuszkiewicz-Rowińska J. Changes in bone density in hemodialysed women treated with transdermal hormone replacement therapy. Ginekol Pol 2003; 74 (9): 997–1001.
37. Ridley J, Hoey K, Ballagh-Howes N. The exercise during hemodialysis program. Report on a pilot study. CANNT J 1999; 9: 20–6.
38. Rosenberger J, Kissova V, Majernikova M et al. Body composition monitor assessing malnutrition in the hemodialysis population independently predicts mortality. J Ren Nutr 2014; 24 (3): 172–6. DOI: 10. 1053/j. jrn. 2014. 01. 002
39. Rush H, Neugarten J, Coco M. Women’s health issues in a dialysis population. Clin Nephrol 2000; 54 (6): 455–62.
40. Sakkas GK, Sargeant AJ, Mercer TH et al. Changes in muscle morphology in dialysis patients after 6 months of aerobic exercise training. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18 (9): 1854–61.
41. Segall L, Moscalu M, Hogaş S et al. Protein-energy wasting, as well as overweight and obesity, is a long-term risk factor for mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2014; 46 (3): 615–21. DOI: 10. 1007/s11255-014-0650-0.
42. Toigo G, Aparacio M, Attman P et al. Espen consensus on nutritional treatment of patients with renal insufficiency. Clin Nutr 2000; 19: 197–207.
43. Vaithilingham I, Polkinghorne K, Atkins R, Kerr P. Time and exercise improve phosphate removal in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 43: 85–9.
44. Weisinger JR, Gonzalez L, Alvarez H et al. Role of persistent amenorrhea in bone mineral metabolism of young hemodialyzed women. Kidney Int 2000; 58 (1): 331–5.
45. Yurtkuran M, Alp A, Dilek K. A modified yoga-based exercise program in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled study. Complement Ther Med 2007; 15 (3): 164–71.
46. Zaluska A, Zaluska WT, Bednarek-Skublewska A, Ksiazek A. Nutrition and hydration status improve with exercise training using stationary cycling during hemodialysis (HD) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Ann Univ Marie Curie Sklodowska 2002; 57 (2): 342–6.
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1. Borisov A.V., Mordik A.I., Borisova E.V., Ermakova I.P. Rasprostranennost' vtorichnogo giperparatireoza do i na fone lecheniia aktivnymi metabolitami vitamina D3 v populiatsii bol'nykh ambulatornogo dializnogo tsentra. Nefrologiia i dializ. 2006; 8 (2): 147–51. [in Russian]
2. Vishnevskiĭ K.A., Zemchenkov A.Iu., Komashnia A.V. i dr. Fizicheskie nagruzki vo vremia seansa gemodializa: komplaentnost' i effekty. Nefrologiia i dializ. 2009; 4 (11). [in Russian]
3. Vishnevskiy K.A., Zemchenkov A.Iu., Komashnia A.V. i dr. Fizicheskaia reabilitatsiia bol'nykh s terminal'noy pochechnoy nedostatochnost'iu. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii dlia vrachei. SPb, 2009. [in Russian]
4. Efremov E.A., Bekov R.R., Dudareva A.A. i dr. Epidemiologiia i etiologicheskie faktory erektil'noi disfunktsii u patsientov na pochechnozamestitel'noi terapii i posle transplantatsii pochki. Vestn. transplantologii i iskusstvennykh organov. 2011; XIII (1): 50–5. [in Russian]
5. Zemchenkov A. Iu. Adekvatnost' gemodializa. Klassicheskii podkhod. Nefrologiia i dializ. 2001; 3 (1): 4–20. [in Russian]
6. Koroleva E.A., Bondar' I.A., Tov N.L. Serdechno-sosudistye i kostnye proiavleniia giperparatireoza u bol'nykh, poluchaiushchikh terapiiu programmnym gemodializom. Meditsina i obrazovanie v Sibiri. 2013; 6. [in Russian]
7. Ali Tayyebi, Malihe Babahaji, Mahdi Sadeghi Sherme et al. Study of the effect of Hatha Yoga exercises on dialysis adequacy 2012. Iran J Crit Care Nurs 2012; 4 (4): 183–90.
8. Anderson JE, Stewart KJ, Hatchett L. Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and pre and post hemodialysis (HD) blood pressure are lower after 3 months of exercise training. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12: 319A.
9. Beddhu S. Hypothesis: The body mass index paradox and an obesity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis syndrome in chronic kidney disease. Seminars in Dialysis. 2004; 17 (3): 229–32.
10. Birdee G, Rothman R, Wheeler A et al. Pilot study Intra-dialysis yoga and educational comparison group for patients with end-stage renal disease. J Alternative and Complementary Medicine 2014; 20 (5): A51–A52.
11. Birinder S, Cheema B, O’Sullivan AJ, Chan M et al. Progressive resistance training during hemodialysis: Rationale and method of a randomized-controlled trial. Hemodialysis International 2006; 10: 303–10.
12. Cheema B, Abas H, Smith B et al. Progressive exercise for anabolism in kidney disease (PEAK): A randomized controlled trial of resistence training during hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18: 1594–601.
13. Cupisti A, D’Alessandro C, Fumagalli G et al. Nutrition and physical activity in CKD patients. Kidney Blood Press Res 2014; 39: 107–13.
14. Deligiannis A, Kouidi E, Tassoulas E et al. Cardiac response to physical training in hemodialysis patients: an echokardiographic study at rest and during exercise. Int J Cardiol 1999; 70 (3): 253–66.
15. DePaul V, Moreland J, Eager T, Clase CM. The effectiveness of aerobic and muscle strength training in patients receiving hemodialysis and EPO. A randomized controlled trial. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 40: 1219–29.
16. Dong J, Sundell MB, Pupim LB et al. The effect of resistance exercise to augment long-term benefits of intradialytic oral nutritional supplementation in chronic hemodialysis patients. J Ren Nutr 2011; 21: 149–59.
17. Ebert D. Physiologische Aspekte des Yoga. 1. Aufl. Leipzig: Georg Thime, 1986.
18. Fleischmann E, Teal N, Dudley J et al. Influence of excess weight on mortality and hospital stay in 1346 hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 1999; 55: 1560–7.
19. Gordon L, McGrowder DA, Pena YT et al. Effect of yoga exercise therapy on oxidative stress indicators with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Int J Yoga 2013; 6 (1): 31–8. DOI: 10. 4103/0973-6131. 105944
20. Gordon L, McGrowder DA, Pena YT et al. Effect of exercise therapy on lipid parameters in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. J Lab Physicians 2012; 4 (1): 17–23. DOI: 10. 4103/0974-2727. 98665
21. Kawashima R, Douchi T, Oki T et al. Menstrual disorders in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 1998; 24 (5): 367–73.
22. Konstantinidou E, Koukouvou G, Kouidi E et al. Exercise training in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis: Comparison of three rehabilitation programs. J Rehabil Med 2002; 34 (1): 40–5.
23. Kouidi EJ. Central and peripheral adaftations to physical training in patiens with end-stage renal disease. Sports Med 2001; 31 (9): 651–65.
24. Kouidi E, Grekas D, Deligiannis A, Tourkantonis A. Outcomes of long-term exercise training in dialysis patients: Comparison of two training programs. Clin Nephrol 2004; 61 (Suppl 1): 31–8.
25. Kouidi E, Karagiannis V, Grekas D et al. Depression, heart rate variability, and exercise training in dialysis patients. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2010; 17 (2): 160–67. DOI: 10. 1097/HJR. 0b013e32833188c4.
26. Kutner NG. How can exercise be incorporated into the routine care of patients on dialysis? Int Urol Nephrol 2007; 39 (4): 1281–5.
27. Mahrova A, Svagrova K. Exercise therapy – additional tool for managing physical and psychological problems on hemodialysis. URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/hemodialysis/exercise-therapy-additional-tool-for-managing-physical-....
28. Majchrzak KM, Pupim LB, Flakoll PJ, Ikizler TA. Resistance exercise augments the acute anabolic effects of intradialytic oral nutritional supplementation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 23: 1362–9.
29. Makhlough A, Ilali E, Mohseni R, Shahmohammadi S. Effect of intradialytic aerobic exercise on serum electrolytes levels in hemodialysis patients. Iran J Kidney Dis 2012; 6 (2): 119–23.
30. Matuszkiewicz-Rowińska J, Skórzewska K, Radowicki S et al. Menstrual disturbances and alternations in hypophyseal gonadal axis in end-stage premenopausal women undergoing hemodialysis: A multi-center study. Pol Arch Med Wewn 2003; 109 (6): 609–15.
31. Miller BW, Cress CL, Johnson ME et al. Exercise during hemodialysis decreases the use of antihypertensive medications. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39 (4): 828–33.
32. Moug S, Grant S, Creed G, Boulton Jones M. Exercise during haemodialysis. West of Scotland pilot study. Scott Med J 2004; 49: 14–7.
33. Painter P, Carlson L, Carey S et al. Low-functioning hemodialysis patients improve with exercise training. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 36: 600–8.
34. Painter P, Carlson L, Carey S et al. Physical functioning and health-related quality-of-life changes with exercise training in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 35: 482–92.
35. Panichi V, Cupisti A, Rosati A et al. Geriatric nutritional risk index is a strong predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients: Data from the Riscavid cohort. J Nephrol 2014. 27 (2): 193–201. DOI: 10. 1007/s40620-013-0033-0.
36. Radowicki S, Skórzewska K, Matuszkiewicz-Rowińska J. Changes in bone density in hemodialysed women treated with transdermal hormone replacement therapy. Ginekol Pol 2003; 74 (9): 997–1001.
37. Ridley J, Hoey K, Ballagh-Howes N. The exercise during hemodialysis program. Report on a pilot study. CANNT J 1999; 9: 20–6.
38. Rosenberger J, Kissova V, Majernikova M et al. Body composition monitor assessing malnutrition in the hemodialysis population independently predicts mortality. J Ren Nutr 2014; 24 (3): 172–6. DOI: 10. 1053/j. jrn. 2014. 01. 002
39. Rush H, Neugarten J, Coco M. Women’s health issues in a dialysis population. Clin Nephrol 2000; 54 (6): 455–62.
40. Sakkas GK, Sargeant AJ, Mercer TH et al. Changes in muscle morphology in dialysis patients after 6 months of aerobic exercise training. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18 (9): 1854–61.
41. Segall L, Moscalu M, Hogaş S et al. Protein-energy wasting, as well as overweight and obesity, is a long-term risk factor for mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2014; 46 (3): 615–21. DOI: 10. 1007/s11255-014-0650-0.
42. Toigo G, Aparacio M, Attman P et al. Espen consensus on nutritional treatment of patients with renal insufficiency. Clin Nutr 2000; 19: 197–207.
43. Vaithilingham I, Polkinghorne K, Atkins R, Kerr P. Time and exercise improve phosphate removal in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 43: 85–9.
44. Weisinger JR, Gonzalez L, Alvarez H et al. Role of persistent amenorrhea in bone mineral metabolism of young hemodialyzed women. Kidney Int 2000; 58 (1): 331–5.
45. Yurtkuran M, Alp A, Dilek K. A modified yoga-based exercise program in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled study. Complement Ther Med 2007; 15 (3): 164–71.
46. Zaluska A, Zaluska WT, Bednarek-Skublewska A, Ksiazek A. Nutrition and hydration status improve with exercise training using stationary cycling during hemodialysis (HD) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Ann Univ Marie Curie Sklodowska 2002; 57 (2): 342–6.
Авторы
А.В.Фролов
ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И.Мечникова» Минздрава России. 191015, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д. 41 polyclinic@list.ru
________________________________________________
A.V.Frolov
I.I.Mechnikov State Northwestern Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 191015, Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, ul. Kirochnaia, d. 41 polyclinic@list.ru