Santikova LV, Zhemukhov ACh, Chipova DT, Tlapshokova LB. Early and long-term outcomes of ischemic stroke in patients with stroke-associated pneumonia. Cardiosomatics. 2021;12(4):214–218. DOI: 10.17816/22217185.2021.4.201263
Влияние инфекционных осложнений на отдаленные исходы каротидного ишемического инсульта
Santikova LV, Zhemukhov ACh, Chipova DT, Tlapshokova LB. Early and long-term outcomes of ischemic stroke in patients with stroke-associated pneumonia. Cardiosomatics. 2021;12(4):214–218. DOI: 10.17816/22217185.2021.4.201263
Цель. Оценка влияния инфекционных осложнений острого каротидного ишемического инсульта (ИИ) на отдаленные исходы заболевания. Материал и методы. Всего 98 больных с ИИ, у 46 развились инфекционные осложнения (1-я группа), у 52 они отсутствовали (2-я группа). В динамике оценивали выраженность неврологического дефицита (шкала NIHSS, индекс Бартелa) и состояние когнитивных функций (шкалы MMSE, MoCA). Результаты. Больные 1-й группы оказались достоверно старше, у них исходно был более выраженный неврологический дефицит, чаще наблюдались нарушения глотания. На протяжении полугода после ИИ у больных 1-й группы имелись более тяжелые очаговые неврологические и когнитивные нарушения. Через 12 мес различия между группами нивелировались. Не выявлено различий течения ИИ у больных с инфекционным поражением нижних дыхательных или мочевыводящих путей. Заключение. Инфекционные осложнения острого ИИ связаны с более тяжелыми когнитивными и неврологическими нарушениями на протяжении полугода. Через 12 мес после перенесенного каротидного ИИ выраженность очагового неврологического дефицита, уровень независимости от посторонней помощи в повседневном быту и состояние когнитивных функций существенным образом не отличаются у пациентов с инфекционными осложнениями и без таковых.
Aim. Assessment of the influence of infectious complications of acute carotid ischemic stroke (IS) on long-term outcomes of the disease. Material and methods. 98 patients with IS, 46 developed infectious complications (group 1), 52 did not have them (group 2). In dynamics, the severity of neurological deficit (NIHSS scale, Bartel index) and the state of cognitive functions (MMSE, MoCA scales) were assessed. Results. Patients of the 1st group turned out to be significantly older, they initially had a more pronounced neurological deficit, and swallowing disorders were more often observed. Within 6 months after IS, patients of the 1st group had more severe focal neurological and cognitive impairments. After 12 months, the differences between the groups leveled off. There were no differences in the course of IS in patients with infectious lesions of the lower respiratory or urinary tract. Conclusion. Infectious complications of acute IS are associated with more severe cognitive and neurological impairments for 6 months. 12 months after undergoing carotid IS, the severity of focal neurological deficit, the level of independence from outside help in everyday life, and the state of cognitive functions do not differ significantly in patients with and without infectious complications.
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DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2017.10.001
________________________________________________
1. Davenport R, Dennis M, Wellwood I, Warlow C. Complications after acute stroke. Stroke. 1996;27:415-20. DOI:10.1161/01.STR.27.3.415
2. Aslanyan S, Weir C, Diener H, et al.; GAIN International Steering Committee and Investigators. Pneumonia and urinary tract infection after acute ischaemic stroke: a tertiary analysis of the GAIN International trial. Eur J Neurol. 2004;11:49-53. DOI:10.1046/j.1468-1331.2003.00749.x
3. Vermeij F, Reimer W, de Man P, et al. Stroke-associated infection is an independent risk factor for poor outcome after acute ischemic stroke: data from the Netherlands stroke survey. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2009;27:465-71. DOI:10.1159/000210093
4. Ulm L, Ohlraun S, Harms H, et al. STRoke Adverse outcome is associated WIth NoSocomial Infections (STRAWINSKI): procalcitonin ultrasensitive-guided antibacterial therapy in severe ischaemic stroke patients – rationale and protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Int J Stroke. 2013;8:598-603. DOI:10.1111/j.1747-4949.2012.00858.x
5. Yan T, Liu C, Li Y, et al. Prevalence and predictive factors of urinary tract infection among patients with stroke: a meta-analysis. Am J Infect Control. 2018;46:402-9. DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2017.10.001
6. Piradov MA, Tanashian MM, Maksimova MIu. Insul't: sovremennye tekhnologii diagnostiki i lecheniia. 3rd ed. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2018 (in Russian).
7. Evselman MA, Mitiaeva EV, Lashkhia JB, Kamchatnov PR. Acute cerebral ischemia and inflammation. Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry named after S.S. Korsakov. 2019;12(2):73-80 (in Russian). DOI:10.17116/jnevro201911911273
8. Emsley HC, Hopkins SJ. Acute ischaemic stroke and infection: recent and emerging concepts. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7:341-53.
DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70061-9
9. Titov VYu, Ivanova AV, Petrov VA, et al. Possibilities for the diagnosis of inflammatory reaction in ischemic stroke. Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry named after S.S. Korsakov. 2018;9(2):41-5 (in Russian). DOI:10.17116/jneuro201811809241
10. Teh W, Smith C, Barlas R, et al. Impact of stroke-associated pneumonia on mortality, length of hospitalization, and functional outcome. Acta Neurol Scand. 2018;138(4):293-300. DOI:10.1111/ane.12956
11. Reznik EV, Dzhioeva ON, Kamchatnov PR, Nikitin IG. Secondary prevention of stroke: the opinion of the therapist and cardiologist. Neurology and Rheumatology (Suppl. Consilium Medicum). 2019;1:12-24 (in Russian). DOI:10.26442/2414357X.2019.1.190366
12. Suda S, Aoki J, Shimoyama T, et al. Stroke-associated infection independently predicts 3-month poor functional outcome and mortality. J Neurol. 2018;265:370-5. DOI:10.1007/s00415-017-8714-6
13. Chaves M, Gittins M, Bray B, et al. Variation of stroke-associated pneumonia in stroke units across England and Wales: A registry-based cohort study. Int J Stroke. 2021:17474930211006297. DOI:10.1177/17474930211006297
14. Smith C, Kishore A, Vail A, et al. Diagnosis of stroke-associated pneumonia: recommendations from the pneumonia in stroke consensus group. Stroke. 2015;46:2335-40. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.009617
15. Tørnes M, McLernon DJ, Bachmann M, et al. Hospital-Level Variations in Rates of Inpatient Urinary Tract Infections in Stroke. Front Neurol. 2019;10:827. DOI:10.3389/fneur.2019.00827
16. Yan T, Liu C, Li Y, et al. Prevalence and predictive factors of urinary tract infection among patients with stroke: a meta-analysis. Am J Infect Control. 2018;46:402-9.
DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2017.10.001
1 ФГБОУ ВО «Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет им. Х.М. Бербекова», Нальчик, Россия;
2 ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница №1», Нальчик, Россия
*dinara.chipova@mail.ru
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Liana V. Santikova1, Aslan Ch. Zhemukhov1, Dinara T. Chipova*2, Larisa B. Tlapshokova1
1 Berbekov Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Nalchik, Russia;
2 City Clinical Hospital №1, Nalchik, Russia
*dinara.chipova@mail.ru