Аспросин в роли нового биологического маркёра атеросклероза и нарушений углеводного обмена

Алиева А.М., Байкова И.Е., Хаджиева Н.Х., Султангалиева А.Б., Рахаев А.М., Эльмурзаева Д.А., Асанов А.О., Ковтюх И.В., Этезова Э.З., Никитин И.Г. Аспросин в роли нового биологического маркёра атеросклероза и нарушений углеводного обмена // CardioСоматика. 2025. Т. 16, № 3. С. 250–262. DOI: 10.17816/CS660866 EDN: EKAFDM

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Alieva AM, Baykova IE, Khadzhieva NKh, Sultangalieva AB, Rahaev AM, Elmurzaeva DA, Asanov AO, Kovtyukh IV, Etezova EZ, Nikitin IG. Asprosin as a Novel Biological Marker of Atherosclerosis and Carbohydrate Metabolism Disorders. CardioSomatics. 2025;16(3):250–262. DOI: 10.17816/CS660866 EDN: EKAFDM

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Аннотация

Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания представляют собой глобальную медицинскую, социальную и экономическую проблему. В настоящее время ведётся активный поиск новых биологических маркёров и терапевтических мишеней с целью разработки эффективных подходов к стратификации риска и вторичной профилактике сердечно-сосудистой патологии. Несмотря на идентификацию множества сердечно-сосудистых биомаркёров, их внедрение в медицинскую практику до сих пор остаётся в значимой степени безуспешным. В последнее время исследователи активно изучают аспросин. Основной целью данной статьи является анализ существующих исследований, посвящённых роли аспросина в качестве биомаркёра при атеросклерозе и нарушениях углеводного обмена. Всё большее количество экспериментальных работ свидетельствует о том, что данный биомаркёр участвует в развитии и усилении выраженности атеросклероза, сахарного диабета, ожирения и синдрома поликистозных яичников. Аспросин регулирует различные процессы, такие как стимуляция аппетита, высвобождение глюкозы, секреция инсулина, апоптоз и воспаление. На основании полученных данных клинических исследований можно заключить, что аспросин представляет собой перспективную молекулу, обладающую как диагностической, так и прогностической ценностью в контексте атеросклероза и нарушений углеводного обмена. Необходимы дополнительные исследования, направленные на изучение аспросина как дополнительного лабораторного инструмента. Регулирование концентрации и экспрессии аспросина может стать многообещающей стратегией для лечения пациентов с атеросклерозом и расстройствами углеводного обмена.

Ключевые слова: сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, атеросклероз, ишемическая болезнь сердца, нарушения углеводного обмена, сахарный диабет, биологический маркёр, аспросин

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Cardiovascular diseases represent a major global medical, social, and economic challenge. Active research is being conducted to identify new biological markers and therapeutic targets to develop effective approaches for risk stratification and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Despite the identification of numerous cardiovascular biomarkers, their translation into clinical practice has largely been unsuccessful. Recently, researchers have increasingly focused on asprosin. The primary objective of this article is to analyze existing studies on the role of asprosin as a biomarker in atherosclerosis and carbohydrate metabolism disorders. An increasing body of experimental evidence indicates that this biomarker contributes to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Asprosin regulates various physiological processes, including appetite stimulation, glucose release, insulin secretion, apoptosis, and inflammation. Based on available clinical data, asprosin appears to be a promising molecule with both diagnostic and prognostic value in the context of atherosclerosis and carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Further research is needed to explore asprosin as an additional laboratory biomarker. Modulation of asprosin concentration and expression may become a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with atherosclerosis and carbohydrate metabolism disorders.

Keywords: cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, carbohydrate metabolism, diabetes mellitus, biomarkers, asprosin

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Авторы

А.М. Алиева*¹, И.Е. Байкова¹, Н.Х. Хаджиева², А.Б. Султангалиева¹, А.М. Рахаев³, Д.А. Эльмурзаева³, А.О. Асанов³, И.В. Ковтюх¹, Э.З. Этезова⁴, И.Г. Никитин¹

¹Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова, Москва, Россия;
²ЛАВ-МЕД, Москва, Россия;
³Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет им. Х.М. Бербекова, Нальчик, Россия;
⁴Кубанский государственный медицинский университет, Краснодар, Россия
*amisha_alieva@mail.ru

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Amina M. Alieva*¹, Irina E. Baykova¹, Nyurzhanna Kh. Khadzhieva², Albina B. Sultangalieva¹, Alik M. Rahaev³, Dzhannet A. Elmurzaeva³, Alim O. Asanov³, Irina V. Kovtyukh¹, Elina Z. Etezova⁴, Igor G. Nikitin¹

¹The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Moscow, Russia;
²Lav-Med, Moscow, Russia;
³Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Nalchik, Russia;
⁴Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russia
*amisha_alieva@mail.ru

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