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Вирусные, бактериальные респираторные инфекции, иммунитет и антибиотикотерапия: что общего? Взгляд и рекомендации клинического иммунолога и инфекциониста
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Vikulov G.Kh. Viral, bacterial respiratory infections, immunity and atibiotic therapy – what is common? View and recommendation of clinical immunologist and infectologist. Consilium Medicum. 2015; 17 (11): 35–41. DOI:10.26442/2075-1753_2015.11.35-41
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Ключевые слова: ОРВИ, респираторные инфекции, вирусно-бактериальные ассоциации, вирусные инфекции и иммунитет, терапия антибиотиками и вирусные инфекции.
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Key words: ARVIs, respiratory infections, viral and bacterial associations, viral infections and immunity, antibiotics, antibiotic therapy and viral infections.
2. Савенкова М.С. Многоликая острая респираторная инфекция: от основных возбудителей к выбору препаратов. Лечащий врач. 2011; 3: 58–64. / Savenkova M.S. Mnogolikaia ostraia respiratornaia infektsiia: ot osnovnykh vozbuditelei k vyboru preparatov. Lechashchii vrach. 2011; 3: 58–64. [in Russian]
3. Самсыгина Г.А., Коваль Г.С. Часто болеющие дети. Проблемы диагностики, патогенеза и терапии. Детский врач. 2008; 6: 5–10. / Samsygina G.A., Koval' G.S. Chasto boleiushchie deti. Problemy diagnostiki, patogeneza i terapii. Detskii vrach. 2008; 6: 5–10. [in Russian]
4. Зайцев А. А., Синопальников А. И. Рациональная фармакотерапия острых респираторных вирусных инфекций. Consilium Medicum. 2010; 12 (10): 80–6. / Zaitsev A. A., Sinopal'nikov A. I. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia ostrykh respiratornykh virusnykh infektsii. Consilium Medicum. 2010; 12 (10): 80–6. [in Russian]
5. Майкл Гриппи. Патофизиология легких. Изд. 2-е. М.: Бином, 2005; с. 303. / Maikl Grippi. Patofiziologiia legkikh. Izd. 2-e. M.: Binom, 2005; s. 303. [in Russian]
6. Вавилова В.П., Перевощикова Н.К. Образовательная программа для педиатров и врачей общей практики «реабилитация часто болеющих детей». М.: Международный фонд охраны здоровья матери и ребенка, 2004; с. 24. / Vavilova V.P., Perevoshchikova N.K. Obrazovatel'naia programma dlia pediatrov i vrachei obshchei praktiki «reabilitatsiia chasto boleiushchikh detei». M.: Mezhdunarodnyi fond okhrany zdorov'ia materi i rebenka, 2004; s. 24. [in Russian]
7. Baron EJ (ed.). Medical Microbiology: Fourth Edition, 1994. URL http://gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/toc.htm
8. Медицинская микробиология. Учебник для вузов. Под ред. О.К.Поздеева, В.И.Покровского. М.: ГЭОТАР-МЕД, 2001. / Meditsinskaia mikrobiologiia. Uchebnik dlia vuzov. Pod red. O.K.Pozdeeva, V.I.Pokrovskogo. M.: GEOTAR-MED, 2001. [in Russian]
9. Рязанцев С.В., Хмельницкая Н.М., Тырнова Е.В. Роль слизистой оболочки в защите ЛОР-органов от потенциально патогенных для организма антигенных факторов. Вестн. отоларингологии. 2001; 6: 7–15. / Riazantsev S.V., Khmel'nitskaia N.M., Tyrnova E.V. Rol' slizistoi obolochki v zashchite LOR-organov ot potentsial'no patogennykh dlia organizma antigennykh faktorov. Vestn. otolaringologii. 2001; 6: 7–15. [in Russian]
10. Byrd RC (ed.). The Human "Microbial World". 2001. URL http://www.wvu.edu/som/microguide.htm
11. Sethi S, Murphy TF. Bacterial Infection in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in 2000: a State of the Art Review. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001; 14 (2): 336–63.
12. Яковлев С.В. Внебольничные инфекции нижних дыхательных путей: выбор оптимального антибактериального препарата. Рус. мед. журн. 2003; 11 (18): 12–4. /
Iakovlev S.V. Vnebol'nichnye infektsii nizhnikh dykhatel'nykh putei: vybor optimal'nogo antibakterial'nogo preparata. Rus. med. zhurn. 2003; 11 (18): 12–4. [in Russian]
13. Kurai D. Frontiers Microbiol 2013; 10: 2–12.
14. Карпова Е.П., Вагина Е.Е. Комплексный подход в лечении инфекций в детской оториноларингологии. Consilium Medicum. Педиатрия (Прил.). 2012; 1. / Karpova E.P., Vagina E.E. Kompleksnyi podkhod v lechenii infektsii v detskoi otorinolaringologii. [in Russian]
15. Яковлев С.В. Амоксициллин/клавуланат – «золотой стандарт» лечения внебольничных респираторных инфекций. Справ. поликлин. врача. 2006; 4 (10): 47–50. / Iakovlev S.V. Amoksitsillin/klavulanat – «zolotoi standart» lecheniia vnebol'nichnykh respiratornykh infektsii. Sprav. poliklin. vracha. 2006; 4 (10): 47–50. [in Russian]
16. Сычев И.Н., Кетова Г.Г. Клинико-экономический анализ антибактериальных препаратов, применяемых в хирургической практике. Мед. наука и образование Урала. 2007; 8 (6): 115–8. / Sychev I.N., Ketova G.G. Kliniko-ekonomicheskii analiz antibakterial'nykh preparatov, primeniaemykh v khirurgicheskoi praktike. Med. nauka i obrazovanie Urala. 2007; 8 (6): 115–8. [in Russian]
17. Гучев И.А., Мелехина Е.В. Ингибиторозащищенные аминопенициллины. Фармакологические особенности и роль при внебольничных инфекциях. Антибиотики и химиотерапия. 2009; 54 (7–8): 56–65. [in Russian]
18. Cuffini AM, Tullio V, Ianni Palarchio A et al. Enhanced effects of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid compared with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid alone on the susceptibility to immunodefenses of a penicillin-resistant strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Drug Exp Clin Res 1998; 24: 4: 173–84.
19. Cuffini AM, Tullio V, Allocco A. The antibacterial activity of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid against Staphylococcus aureus ingested by human granulocytes. Microbios 1996; 87: 350: 31–8.
20. Cuffini AM, De Renzi G, Tullio V et al. Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytosis and intracellular bactericidal activity by amoxycillin/clavulanic acid. Drug Exp Clin Res 1996; 22 (1): 9–15.
21. Reato G, Cuffini AM, Tullio V et al. Immunomodulating effect of antimicrobial agents on cytokine production by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Intern J Antimicrob Agents 2004; 23 (2): 150–4.
22. Tarrago D, Aguilar L, Gimenez MJ et al. Effects of amoxicillin subinhibitory concentrations on the cross-protection developed by pneumococcal antibodies in mouse sepsis caused by an amoxicillin-resistant serotype 6B Streptococcus pneumoniae strain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 48 (11): 4144–7.
23. Lode H, Von der Hoh N, Ziege S. Ecological effects of linezolid versus amoxicillin/clavulanic acid on the normal intestinal microflora. Scand J Infect Dis 2001; 33 (12): 899–903.
24. Samonis G, Gikas A, Toloudis P et al. Prospective study of the impact of broad-spectrum antibiotics on the yeast flora of the human gut. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1994; 13 (8): 665–7.
25. Дронов И.А. Неотложные вопросы детской пульмонологии. Антибактериальная терапия при острых заболеваниях верхних дыхательных путей у детей. 2012. / Dronov I.A. Neotlozhnye voprosy detskoi pul'monologii. Antibakterial'naia terapiia pri ostrykh zabolevaniiakh verkhnikh dykhatel'nykh putei u detei. 2012. [in Russian]
26. Sener B, Tunckanat F, Ulusoy S et al. A survey of antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in Turkey, 2004–2005. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007; 60 (3): 587–93.
27. Farrell DJ, Couturier C. European survey of antibacterial activity against H. influenzae from 2006–2007: focus on fluoroquinolones [P2067]. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008; 14 (Suppl. 7).
28. Heilmann KP, Rice CL, Miller AL et al. Decreasing prevalence of beta-lactamase production among respiratory tract isolates of Haemophilus influenzae in the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49 (6): 2561–4.
29. Zhanel GG, Palatnick L, Nichol KA et al. Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis respiratory tract isolates: results of the Canadian respiratory organism susceptibility study, 1997 to 2002. Ibid 2003; 47 (6): 1875–81.
30. Филимонова О.Ю., Грудинина С.А., Сидоренко С.В. и др. Антибиотикорезистентность штаммов Haemophilus influenzae, выделенных в Москве в 2002–2004 гг. Антибиотики и химиотерапия. 2004; 49 (12): 14–20. / Филимонова О.Ю., Грудинина С.А., Сидоренко С.В. и др. Антибиотикорезистентность штаммов Haemophilus influenzae, выделенных в Москве в 2002–2004 гг. Антибиотики и химиотерапия. 2004; 49 (12): 14–20. [in Russian]
31. Козлов Р.С. и др. Динамика резистентности Streptococcus pneumoniae к антибиотикам в России за период 1999–2009 гг. Клин. микробиология и антимикроб. химиотерапия. 2010; 12 (4): 329–41. / Kozlov R.S. i dr. Dinamika rezistentnosti Streptococcus pneumoniae k antibiotikam v Rossii za period 1999–2009 gg. Klin. mikrobiologiia i antimikrob. khimioterapiia. 2010; 12 (4): 329–41. [in Russian]
32. Сивая О.В. и соавт. Антибиотикорезистентность Haemophilus influenzae в России: результаты многоцентрового проспективного исследования ПеГАС. Клин. микробиология и антимикроб. химиотерапия. 2014; 16 (1): 57–69. / Sivaia O.V. i soavt. Antibiotikorezistentnost' Haemophilus influenzae v Rossii: rezul'taty mnogotsentrovogo prospektivnogo issledovaniia PeGAS. Klin. mikrobiologiia i antimikrob. khimioterapiia. 2014; 16 (1): 57–69. [in Russian]
33. Jacobs MR, Felmingham D, Appelbaum PC et al. The Alexander Project 1998–2000: susceptibility of pathogens isolated from community–acquired respiratory tract infection to commonly used antimicrobial agents. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 52 (2): 229–46.
34. Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A et al. Infectious diseases society of america/american thoracic society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44 (Suppl. 2): S27–72.
35. Heffelfinger JD, Dowell SF, Jorgensen JH et al. Management of community-acquired pneumonia in the era of pneumococcal resistance: a report from the drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Therapeutic Working Group. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160 (10): 1399–408.
36. Mandell LA, Marrie TJ, Grossman RF et al. Canadian guidelines for the initial management of community-acquired pneumonia: an evidence-based update by the Canadian Infectious Diseases Society and the Canadian Thoracic Society. Canadian Community-Acquired Pneumonia Working Group. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31 (2): 383–421.
37. Macfarlane J, Boswell TC, Douglas G et al. BTS Guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults – 2004 update. Available at: http: //www. britthoracic. org. uk/guidelines. 2004.
38. ERS Task Force Report. Guidelines for management of adult community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections. European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J 1998; 11 (4): 986–91.
39. Oosterheert JJ, Bonten MJ, Schneider MM, Hoepelman IM. Community acquired pneumonia: no reason to revise current Dutch antibiotic guidelines. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde 2003; 147 (9): 381–6.
40. Чучалин А.Г., Синопальников А.И., Страчунский Л.С. и др. Внебольничная пневмония у взрослых: практические рекомендации по диагностике, лечению и профилактике. Клин. микробиология и антимикроб. химиотерапия. 2006; 8 (1): 54–86. / Chuchalin A.G., Sinopal'nikov A.I., Strachunskii L.S. i dr. Vnebol'nichnaia pnevmoniia u vzroslykh: prakticheskie rekomendatsii po diagnostike, lecheniiu i profilaktike. Klin. mikrobiologiia i antimikrob. khimioterapiia. 2006; 8 (1): 54–86. [in Russian]
41. Matsushima T. [The Japanese Respiratory Society Guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults – its spreading and results]. Nippon Rinsho 2007; 65: (Suppl. 2, Pt. 1): 279–83.
42. Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171 (4): 388–416.
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1. Vikulov G.Kh. ORVI, gripp i gerpes: chto obshchego i v chem raznitsa pri diagnostike i terapii. Vzgliad klinicheskogo immunologa i infektsionista. RMZh. 2015. [in Russian]
2. Savenkova M.S. Mnogolikaia ostraia respiratornaia infektsiia: ot osnovnykh vozbuditelei k vyboru preparatov. Lechashchii vrach. 2011; 3: 58–64. [in Russian]
3. Samsygina G.A., Koval' G.S. Chasto boleiushchie deti. Problemy diagnostiki, patogeneza i terapii. Detskii vrach. 2008; 6: 5–10. [in Russian]
4. Zaitsev A. A., Sinopal'nikov A. I. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia ostrykh respiratornykh virusnykh infektsii. Consilium Medicum. 2010; 12 (10): 80–6. [in Russian]
5. Maikl Grippi. Patofiziologiia legkikh. Izd. 2-e. M.: Binom, 2005; s. 303. [in Russian]
6. Vavilova V.P., Perevoshchikova N.K. Obrazovatel'naia programma dlia pediatrov i vrachei obshchei praktiki «reabilitatsiia chasto boleiushchikh detei». M.: Mezhdunarodnyi fond okhrany zdorov'ia materi i rebenka, 2004; s. 24. [in Russian]
7. Baron EJ (ed.). Medical Microbiology: Fourth Edition, 1994. URL http://gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/toc.htm
8. Meditsinskaia mikrobiologiia. Uchebnik dlia vuzov. Pod red. O.K.Pozdeeva, V.I.Pokrovskogo. M.: GEOTAR-MED, 2001. [in Russian]
9. Riazantsev S.V., Khmel'nitskaia N.M., Tyrnova E.V. Rol' slizistoi obolochki v zashchite LOR-organov ot potentsial'no patogennykh dlia organizma antigennykh faktorov. Vestn. otolaringologii. 2001; 6: 7–15. [in Russian]
10. Byrd RC (ed.). The Human "Microbial World". 2001. URL http://www.wvu.edu/som/microguide.htm
11. Sethi S, Murphy TF. Bacterial Infection in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in 2000: a State of the Art Review. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001; 14 (2): 336–63.
12. Iakovlev S.V. Vnebol'nichnye infektsii nizhnikh dykhatel'nykh putei: vybor optimal'nogo antibakterial'nogo preparata. Rus. med. zhurn. 2003; 11 (18): 12–4. [in Russian]
13. Kurai D. Frontiers Microbiol 2013; 10: 2–12.
14. Karpova E.P., Vagina E.E. Kompleksnyi podkhod v lechenii infektsii v detskoi otorinolaringologii. [in Russian]
15. Iakovlev S.V. Amoksitsillin/klavulanat – «zolotoi standart» lecheniia vnebol'nichnykh respiratornykh infektsii. Sprav. poliklin. vracha. 2006; 4 (10): 47–50. [in Russian]
16. Sychev I.N., Ketova G.G. Kliniko-ekonomicheskii analiz antibakterial'nykh preparatov, primeniaemykh v khirurgicheskoi praktike. Med. nauka i obrazovanie Urala. 2007; 8 (6): 115–8. [in Russian]
17. Гучев И.А., Мелехина Е.В. Ингибиторозащищенные аминопенициллины. Фармакологические особенности и роль при внебольничных инфекциях. Антибиотики и химиотерапия. 2009; 54 (7–8): 56–65. [in Russian]
18. Cuffini AM, Tullio V, Ianni Palarchio A et al. Enhanced effects of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid compared with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid alone on the susceptibility to immunodefenses of a penicillin-resistant strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Drug Exp Clin Res 1998; 24: 4: 173–84.
19. Cuffini AM, Tullio V, Allocco A. The antibacterial activity of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid against Staphylococcus aureus ingested by human granulocytes. Microbios 1996; 87: 350: 31–8.
20. Cuffini AM, De Renzi G, Tullio V et al. Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytosis and intracellular bactericidal activity by amoxycillin/clavulanic acid. Drug Exp Clin Res 1996; 22 (1): 9–15.
21. Reato G, Cuffini AM, Tullio V et al. Immunomodulating effect of antimicrobial agents on cytokine production by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Intern J Antimicrob Agents 2004; 23 (2): 150–4.
22. Tarrago D, Aguilar L, Gimenez MJ et al. Effects of amoxicillin subinhibitory concentrations on the cross-protection developed by pneumococcal antibodies in mouse sepsis caused by an amoxicillin-resistant serotype 6B Streptococcus pneumoniae strain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 48 (11): 4144–7.
23. Lode H, Von der Hoh N, Ziege S. Ecological effects of linezolid versus amoxicillin/clavulanic acid on the normal intestinal microflora. Scand J Infect Dis 2001; 33 (12): 899–903.
24. Samonis G, Gikas A, Toloudis P et al. Prospective study of the impact of broad-spectrum antibiotics on the yeast flora of the human gut. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1994; 13 (8): 665–7.
25. Dronov I.A. Neotlozhnye voprosy detskoi pul'monologii. Antibakterial'naia terapiia pri ostrykh zabolevaniiakh verkhnikh dykhatel'nykh putei u detei. 2012. [in Russian]
26. Sener B, Tunckanat F, Ulusoy S et al. A survey of antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in Turkey, 2004–2005. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007; 60 (3): 587–93.
27. Farrell DJ, Couturier C. European survey of antibacterial activity against H. influenzae from 2006–2007: focus on fluoroquinolones [P2067]. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008; 14 (Suppl. 7).
28. Heilmann KP, Rice CL, Miller AL et al. Decreasing prevalence of beta-lactamase production among respiratory tract isolates of Haemophilus influenzae in the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49 (6): 2561–4.
29. Zhanel GG, Palatnick L, Nichol KA et al. Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis respiratory tract isolates: results of the Canadian respiratory organism susceptibility study, 1997 to 2002. Ibid 2003; 47 (6): 1875–81.
30. Филимонова О.Ю., Грудинина С.А., Сидоренко С.В. и др. Антибиотикорезистентность штаммов Haemophilus influenzae, выделенных в Москве в 2002–2004 гг. Антибиотики и химиотерапия. 2004; 49 (12): 14–20. [in Russian]
31. Kozlov R.S. i dr. Dinamika rezistentnosti Streptococcus pneumoniae k antibiotikam v Rossii za period 1999–2009 gg. Klin. mikrobiologiia i antimikrob. khimioterapiia. 2010; 12 (4): 329–41. [in Russian]
32. Sivaia O.V. i soavt. Antibiotikorezistentnost' Haemophilus influenzae v Rossii: rezul'taty mnogotsentrovogo prospektivnogo issledovaniia PeGAS. Klin. mikrobiologiia i antimikrob. khimioterapiia. 2014; 16 (1): 57–69. [in Russian]
33. Jacobs MR, Felmingham D, Appelbaum PC et al. The Alexander Project 1998–2000: susceptibility of pathogens isolated from community–acquired respiratory tract infection to commonly used antimicrobial agents. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 52 (2): 229–46.
34. Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A et al. Infectious diseases society of america/american thoracic society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44 (Suppl. 2): S27–72.
35. Heffelfinger JD, Dowell SF, Jorgensen JH et al. Management of community-acquired pneumonia in the era of pneumococcal resistance: a report from the drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Therapeutic Working Group. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160 (10): 1399–408.
36. Mandell LA, Marrie TJ, Grossman RF et al. Canadian guidelines for the initial management of community-acquired pneumonia: an evidence-based update by the Canadian Infectious Diseases Society and the Canadian Thoracic Society. Canadian Community-Acquired Pneumonia Working Group. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31 (2): 383–421.
37. Macfarlane J, Boswell TC, Douglas G et al. BTS Guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults – 2004 update. Available at: http: //www. britthoracic. org. uk/guidelines. 2004.
38. ERS Task Force Report. Guidelines for management of adult community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections. European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J 1998; 11 (4): 986–91.
39. Oosterheert JJ, Bonten MJ, Schneider MM, Hoepelman IM. Community acquired pneumonia: no reason to revise current Dutch antibiotic guidelines. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde 2003; 147 (9): 381–6.
40. Chuchalin A.G., Sinopal'nikov A.I., Strachunskii L.S. i dr. Vnebol'nichnaia pnevmoniia u vzroslykh: prakticheskie rekomendatsii po diagnostike, lecheniiu i profilaktike. Klin. mikrobiologiia i antimikrob. khimioterapiia. 2006; 8 (1): 54–86. [in Russian]
41. Matsushima T. [The Japanese Respiratory Society Guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults – its spreading and results]. Nippon Rinsho 2007; 65: (Suppl. 2, Pt. 1): 279–83.
42. Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171 (4): 388–416.
НИЦ по профилактике и лечению вирусных инфекций;
ФГУ НИИ вирусологии им. Д.И.Ивановского Минздрава России. 123098, Россия, Москва, ул. Гамалеи, д. 16;
ФГБУ ФНИЦ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. акад. Н.Ф.Гамалеи Минздрава России. 123098, Россия, Москва, ул. Гамалеи, д. 18
gchvstar@gmail.com
________________________________________________
Scientific Information Center for Prevention and Treatment of Viral Infections;
D.I.Ivanovskii Research Institute of Virology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 123098, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Gamalei, d. 16;
N.F.Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 123098, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Gamalei, d. 18
gchvstar@gmail.com