Сахарный диабет является заболеванием, связанным с развитием разных осложнений. Диабетическая нейропатия – одно из наиболее тяжелых осложнений. Рассмотрены ключевые звенья патогенеза диабетической нейропатии. Подчеркивается значимость раннего выявления и лечения хронических осложнений сахарного диабета. Обсуждаются подходы к терапии диабетической нейропатии, включающие применение витаминов группы В.
Diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with the development of various complications. Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most serious complications. We discussed the key links of diabetic neuropathy pathogenesis. We indicated the importance of early detection and treatment of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. We discussed the approaches to the treatment of diabetic neuropathy using vitamin B complex.
1. Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больных сахарным диабетом. Под ред. И.И.Дедова, М.В.Шестаковой. 7-й выпуск. М., 2015. / Algoritmy spetsializirovannoi meditsinskoi pomoshchi bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom. Pod red. I.I.Dedova, M.V.Shestakovoi. 7-i vypusk. M., 2015. [in Russian]
2. Boulton AJM, Vileikyte L, Ragnarson-Tennwall G, Apelqvist J. The global burden of diabetic foot disease. Lancet 2005a; 366: 1719–24.
3. Boulton AJM, Vinik AI, Arezzo JC et al. Diabetic neuropathy. A statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2005b; 28: 956–62.
4. Brownlee M. The pathobiology of diabetic complications. A unifying mechanism. Diabetes 2005; 54: 1615–25.
5. DCCT: The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993; 329: 977–86.
6. De Jager J, Kooy A, Lehert P. Long term treatment with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency: randomised placebo controlled trial. BMJ 2010; 340. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c2181.
7. Dejgaard A. Pathophysiology and treatment of diabetic neuropathy. Diabet Med 1998; 15: 97–112.
8. Happich M, John J, Stamenitis S et al. The quality of life and economic burden of neuropathy in diabetic patients in Germany in 2002 – results from the Diabetic Microvascular Complications (DIMICO) study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2008; 81: 223–30.
9. Harati Y. Diabetes and the nervous system. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1996; 25 (2): 325–59.
10. Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA et al. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 1577–89.
11. Kempler P (ed). Neuropathies. Pathomechanism, clinical presentation, diagnosis, therapy. Budapest: Springer Scientific Publisher, 2002.
12. Kibirige D, Mwebaze R. Vitamin B12 deficiency among patients with diabetes mellitus: is routine screening and supplementation justified? J Diabetes Metab Disord 2013; 12. http://www.jdmdonline.com/content/12/1/17
13. Mahajan R, Gupta K. Revisiting metformin: annual vitamin B12 supplementation may become mandatory with longterm metformin use. J Young Pharm 2010, 2: 428–9.
14. Marshall S, Flyvbjerg A. Prevention and early detection of vascular complications of diabetes. Brit Med J 2006; 333: 475–80.
15. McCandless DW. Thiamine Deficiency and Associated Clinical Disorders. Humana Press 2009.
16. Mooney S, Leuendorf J-E, Hendrickson C, Hellmann H. Vitamin B6: A Long Known Compound of Surprising Complexity Molecules 2009; 14: 329–51.
17. Pflipsen M, Oh R, Saguil A et al. The Prevalence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: a cross-sectional study. J Am Board Fam Med 2009; 22 (5): 528–34. Doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2009.05.090044. Erratum in: J Am Board Fam Med 2010; 23 (5): 695.
18. Reinstatler L, Qi YP, Williamson R, Garn JV et al. Association of Biochemical B12 Deficiency With Metformin Therapy and Vitamin B12 Supplements. Diabetes Care 2012; 35 (2): 327–33. Doi: 10.2337/dc11-1582.
19. Said G. Diabetic Neuropathy. A Review Nat Clin Pract Neurol 2007; 3 (6): 331–40.
20. Saito N, Kimura M, Kuchiba A, Itokawa Y. Blood thiamine levels in outpatients with diabetes mellitus. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 1987; 33 (6): 421–31.
21. Shaw JE, Zimmet PZ. The epidemiology of diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Reviews 1999; 7: 245–52.
22. Solomon LR. Disorders of cobalamin (vitamin B12) metabolism: emerging concept in patophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Blood Rev 2007; 21: 113–30.
23. Stracke H, Lindemann A, Federlin K. A benfotiamine-vitamin B combination in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy. Exp Clin Endocrin Diabetes 1996; 104: 311–6.
24. Sun Y, Lai M, Lu C. Effectiveness of Vitamin B12 on Diabetic Neuropathy: Systematic Review of Clinical Controlled Trials. Acta Neurol Taiwan 2005, 14: 48–54.
25. Talaei A, Siavash M, Majidi H, Chehrei A. Vitamin B12 may be more effective than nortriptyline in improving painful diabetic neuropathy. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2009; 60: 71–6.
26. Thornalley PJ. The potential role of thiamine (vitamin B1) in diabetic complications. Curr Diabetes Rev 2005; 1: 287–98.
27. Thornalley PJ, Babaei-Jadidi R, Al Ali H et al. High prevalence of low plasma thiamine concentration in diabetes linked to a marker of vascular disease. Diabetologia 2007; 50: 2164–70.
28. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complication in patients with type 2 diabetes. (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998; 352: 837–53.
________________________________________________
1. Algoritmy spetsializirovannoi meditsinskoi pomoshchi bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom. Pod red. I.I.Dedova, M.V.Shestakovoi. 7-i vypusk. M., 2015. [in Russian]
2. Boulton AJM, Vileikyte L, Ragnarson-Tennwall G, Apelqvist J. The global burden of diabetic foot disease. Lancet 2005a; 366: 1719–24.
3. Boulton AJM, Vinik AI, Arezzo JC et al. Diabetic neuropathy. A statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2005b; 28: 956–62.
4. Brownlee M. The pathobiology of diabetic complications. A unifying mechanism. Diabetes 2005; 54: 1615–25.
5. DCCT: The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993; 329: 977–86.
6. De Jager J, Kooy A, Lehert P. Long term treatment with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency: randomised placebo controlled trial. BMJ 2010; 340. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c2181.
7. Dejgaard A. Pathophysiology and treatment of diabetic neuropathy. Diabet Med 1998; 15: 97–112.
8. Happich M, John J, Stamenitis S et al. The quality of life and economic burden of neuropathy in diabetic patients in Germany in 2002 – results from the Diabetic Microvascular Complications (DIMICO) study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2008; 81: 223–30.
9. Harati Y. Diabetes and the nervous system. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1996; 25 (2): 325–59.
10. Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA et al. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 1577–89.
11. Kempler P (ed). Neuropathies. Pathomechanism, clinical presentation, diagnosis, therapy. Budapest: Springer Scientific Publisher, 2002.
12. Kibirige D, Mwebaze R. Vitamin B12 deficiency among patients with diabetes mellitus: is routine screening and supplementation justified? J Diabetes Metab Disord 2013; 12. http://www.jdmdonline.com/content/12/1/17
13. Mahajan R, Gupta K. Revisiting metformin: annual vitamin B12 supplementation may become mandatory with longterm metformin use. J Young Pharm 2010, 2: 428–9.
14. Marshall S, Flyvbjerg A. Prevention and early detection of vascular complications of diabetes. Brit Med J 2006; 333: 475–80.
15. McCandless DW. Thiamine Deficiency and Associated Clinical Disorders. Humana Press 2009.
16. Mooney S, Leuendorf J-E, Hendrickson C, Hellmann H. Vitamin B6: A Long Known Compound of Surprising Complexity Molecules 2009; 14: 329–51.
17. Pflipsen M, Oh R, Saguil A et al. The Prevalence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: a cross-sectional study. J Am Board Fam Med 2009; 22 (5): 528–34. Doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2009.05.090044. Erratum in: J Am Board Fam Med 2010; 23 (5): 695.
18. Reinstatler L, Qi YP, Williamson R, Garn JV et al. Association of Biochemical B12 Deficiency With Metformin Therapy and Vitamin B12 Supplements. Diabetes Care 2012; 35 (2): 327–33. Doi: 10.2337/dc11-1582.
19. Said G. Diabetic Neuropathy. A Review Nat Clin Pract Neurol 2007; 3 (6): 331–40.
20. Saito N, Kimura M, Kuchiba A, Itokawa Y. Blood thiamine levels in outpatients with diabetes mellitus. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 1987; 33 (6): 421–31.
21. Shaw JE, Zimmet PZ. The epidemiology of diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Reviews 1999; 7: 245–52.
22. Solomon LR. Disorders of cobalamin (vitamin B12) metabolism: emerging concept in patophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Blood Rev 2007; 21: 113–30.
23. Stracke H, Lindemann A, Federlin K. A benfotiamine-vitamin B combination in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy. Exp Clin Endocrin Diabetes 1996; 104: 311–6.
24. Sun Y, Lai M, Lu C. Effectiveness of Vitamin B12 on Diabetic Neuropathy: Systematic Review of Clinical Controlled Trials. Acta Neurol Taiwan 2005, 14: 48–54.
25. Talaei A, Siavash M, Majidi H, Chehrei A. Vitamin B12 may be more effective than nortriptyline in improving painful diabetic neuropathy. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2009; 60: 71–6.
26. Thornalley PJ. The potential role of thiamine (vitamin B1) in diabetic complications. Curr Diabetes Rev 2005; 1: 287–98.
27. Thornalley PJ, Babaei-Jadidi R, Al Ali H et al. High prevalence of low plasma thiamine concentration in diabetes linked to a marker of vascular disease. Diabetologia 2007; 50: 2164–70.
28. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complication in patients with type 2 diabetes. (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998; 352: 837–53.
Авторы
Е.В.Бирюкова*, Т.Р.Ягубова
ГБОУ ВПО Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова Минздрава России. 127473, Россия, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр.1
*lena@obsudim.ru
________________________________________________
E.V.Biryukova*, T.R.Yagubova
A.I.Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 127473, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Delegatskaia, d. 20, str. 1
*lena@obsudim.ru