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Антигипертензивная и вазопротективная эффективность фиксированных комбинаций амлодипин/лизиноприл и бисопролол/гидрохлоротиазид
Антигипертензивная и вазопротективная эффективность фиксированных комбинаций амлодипин/лизиноприл и бисопролол/гидрохлоротиазид
Остроумова О.Д., Кочетков А.И. Антигипертензивная и вазопротективная эффективность фиксированных комбинаций амлодипин/лизиноприл и бисопролол/гидрохлоротиазид. Consilium Medicum. 2016; 18 (12): 31–39. DOI: 10.26442/2075-1753_2016.12.31-39
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Аннотация
Цель – сравнить влияние фиксированных комбинаций (ФК) амлодипин/лизиноприл и бисопролол/гидрохлоротиазид (ГХТ) на уровень артериального давления (АД) и параметры жесткости общих сонных артерий (ОСА).
Материал и методы. Обследованы 60 нелеченых пациентов с гипертонической болезнью II стадии, 1–2-й степени (средний возраст 53,6±0,8 года, 31 мужчина), которые были рандомизированы на 2 группы по 30 человек. Больным 1-й группы (средний возраст 52,7±1,1 года, 16 мужчин) назначили ФК амлодипин/лизиноприл 5 мг/10 мг, пациентам 2-й группы (средний возраст 54,6±1,0 года, 15 мужчин) – ФК бисопролол/ГХТ 2,5 мг/6,25 мг. Дозы ФК титровали каждые 14 дней до достижения целевого АД<140/90 мм рт. ст. с последующим продолжением терапии в подобранном сочетании доз в течение 12 нед. Исходно и в конце периода наблюдения проводили суточное мониторирование АД (СМАД) и триплексное ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ) ОСА с расчетом показателей жесткости.
Результаты. Все 60 пациентов достигли целевых показателей офисного АД. В группах амлодипин/лизиноприл и бисопролол/ГХТ произошло достоверное (р<0,05) снижение систолического АД – САД (-23,8±2,5 и -16,6±2,4 мм рт. ст. соответственно), диастолического АД – ДАД (-13,5±1,3 и -11,2±1,0 мм рт. ст. соответственно), пульсового давления – ПД (-10,4±2,0 и -5,4±1,9 мм рт. ст. соответственно). В группе амлодипин/лизиноприл по сравнению с группой бисопролол/ГХТ отмечено достоверно (р<0,05) большее снижение САД и ПД. В группах амлодипин/лизиноприл и бисопролол/ГХТ произошло достоверное (р<0,001) снижение среднедневного САД (-19,0±1,8 и -17,1±1,6 мм рт. ст.), ДАД (-12,5±1,2 и -11,2±1,2 мм рт. ст.), ПД (-6,5±1,2 и -6,0±1,0 мм рт. ст.), а также средненочного САД (-19,9±1,8 и -18,3±2,0 мм рт. ст.) и ДАД (-14,4±1,9 и -17,3±1,9 мм рт. ст. соответственно). Только в группе амлодипин/лизиноприл выявлено достоверное (р<0,001) снижение средненочного ПД (-5,1±1,2 мм рт. ст.). В группе амлодипин/лизиноприл по сравнению с группой бисопролол/ГХТ целевых значений средненочного САД достигли достоверно (p<0,01) большее число пациентов (80 и 43,3% соответственно). На фоне терапии амлодипин/лизиноприл и бисопролол/ГХТ достоверно (р<0,05) снизилась вариабельность САД в дневное время (-2,7±0,7 и -0,9±0,3 мм рт. ст. соответственно), причем в группе амлодипин/лизиноприл в достоверно (р<0,05) большей степени. Только в группе амлодипин/лизиноприл отмечено достоверное (р<0,05) снижение вариабельности САД в ночные часы (-1,2±0,5 мм рт. ст.) и ДАД в дневное и ночное время (-0,7±0,3 и -1,4±0,6 мм рт. ст. соответственно). В конце периода наблюдения в группе амлодипин/лизиноприл выявлено достоверное (p<0,01) снижение величины индекса жесткости (-15,2±3,8%) и модуля Юнга (-25,5±6,0%) ОСА, эластического модуля Петерсона (-19,2±6,0%), достоверное увеличение коэффициентов эластичности (30,3±7,5%) и растяжимости (52,9±9,3%) ОСА. Достоверных изменений показателей ригидности ОСА в группе бисопролол/ГХТ не обнаружено.
Заключение. У пациентов 45–65 лет с гипертонической болезнью II стадии 1–2-й степени ФК Экватор демонстрирует большую антигипертензивную эффективность по сравнению с ФК Лодоз. Улучшение упруго-эластических свойств ОСА отмечено только в группе ФК Экватор.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертензия, суточное мониторирование артериального давления, сонные артерии, жесткость сосудов, фиксированные комбинации, амлодипин, лизиноприл, бисопролол, гидрохлоротиазид.
Methods. The study involved 60 patients with hypertension stage II, grade 1–2 (31 men, 29 women, mean age 53.6±0.8 years). All participants were randomized into two groups of 30 individuals each. Patients of the first group (16 men, mean age 52.7±1.1 years) received FDC A/L in the start dose of 5/10 mg, the second group patients (15 men, mean age of 54.6±1.0 years) – received FDC B/H in the start dose of 2.5/6.25 mg. Medications’ doses were titrated every 14 days to achieve a target BP below 140/90 mm Hg and after that the subsequent therapy in selected dose combination for 12 weeks was continued. At baseline and at the end of follow-up period ambulatory BP monitoring and triplex ultrasonic examination of the CCA were performed.
Results. All 60 patients had the target values of office BP. During antihypertensive therapy significant (p<0.05) reduction in office systolic BP – SBP (-23.8±2.5 and -16.6±2.4 mm Hg, respectively), diastolic BP – DBP (-13.5±1.3 and -11.2±1.0 mmHg, respectively), pulse pressure – PP (-10.4±2.0 and -5.4±1.9 mm Hg, respectively) was revealed in groups A/L and B/H. In the A/L group compared with the B/H group it was significantly (p<0.05) greater reduction in SBP and PP. In the A/L and B/H groups a significant (p<0.001) reduction in the daytime SBP (-19.0±1.8 and -17.1±1.6 mm Hg, respectively), daytime DBP (-12.5±1.2 and -11.2±1.2 mm Hg, respectively), daytime PP (-6.5±1.2 and -6.0±1.0 mm Hg, respectively), as well as nighttime SBP (-19.9±1.8 and -18.3±2.0 mm Hg, respectively) and nighttime DBP (-14.4±1.9 and -17.3±1.9 mm Hg, respectively) was observed. As opposed to the B/H, the A/L was showed a significant (p<0.001) reduction in the nighttime PP (-5.1±1.2 mm Hg). At the end of the follow-upmore patients in A/L group had target values of nighttime SBP than in the B/H group (80% and 43.3%, respectively, p<0.01). Daytime SBP variability was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in both groups, and in the A/L group it was significantly (p<0.05) greater compared with B/H (-2.7±0.7 and -0.9±0.3 mm Hg, respectively). Also therapy with A/L, in contrast with B/H, have shown a significant (p<0.05) decrease in nighttime SBP variability (-1.2±0.5 mm Hg) and day- and nighttime DBP variability (-0.7±0.3 and -1.4±0.6 mm Hg, respectively). After 12 weeks of A/L treatment a significant (p<0.01) decrease in the value of the CCA stiffness index (-15.2±3.8%) and the Young's modulus (-25.5±6.0%) of the CCA and in the Peterson’s elastic modulus of the CCA (-19.2±6.0%) have been noticed, and there was a significant increase in the CCA cross-sectional compliance (30.3±7.5%) and the CCA distensibility coefficient (52.9±9.3%). There were no significant changes in the CCA stiffness parameters in the B/H group.
Conclusion. In untreated patients with arterial hypertension aged 45 to 65 years 12-week therapy FDC A/L has greater antihypertensive efficacy compared with FDC B/H. FDC A/L, but not FDC B/H improved elastic properties of the CCA.
Key words: arterial hypertension, blood pressure monitoring, carotid artery, arterial stiffness, fixed-dose combinations, amlodipine, lisinopril, bisoprolol, hydrochlorothiazide.
Материал и методы. Обследованы 60 нелеченых пациентов с гипертонической болезнью II стадии, 1–2-й степени (средний возраст 53,6±0,8 года, 31 мужчина), которые были рандомизированы на 2 группы по 30 человек. Больным 1-й группы (средний возраст 52,7±1,1 года, 16 мужчин) назначили ФК амлодипин/лизиноприл 5 мг/10 мг, пациентам 2-й группы (средний возраст 54,6±1,0 года, 15 мужчин) – ФК бисопролол/ГХТ 2,5 мг/6,25 мг. Дозы ФК титровали каждые 14 дней до достижения целевого АД<140/90 мм рт. ст. с последующим продолжением терапии в подобранном сочетании доз в течение 12 нед. Исходно и в конце периода наблюдения проводили суточное мониторирование АД (СМАД) и триплексное ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ) ОСА с расчетом показателей жесткости.
Результаты. Все 60 пациентов достигли целевых показателей офисного АД. В группах амлодипин/лизиноприл и бисопролол/ГХТ произошло достоверное (р<0,05) снижение систолического АД – САД (-23,8±2,5 и -16,6±2,4 мм рт. ст. соответственно), диастолического АД – ДАД (-13,5±1,3 и -11,2±1,0 мм рт. ст. соответственно), пульсового давления – ПД (-10,4±2,0 и -5,4±1,9 мм рт. ст. соответственно). В группе амлодипин/лизиноприл по сравнению с группой бисопролол/ГХТ отмечено достоверно (р<0,05) большее снижение САД и ПД. В группах амлодипин/лизиноприл и бисопролол/ГХТ произошло достоверное (р<0,001) снижение среднедневного САД (-19,0±1,8 и -17,1±1,6 мм рт. ст.), ДАД (-12,5±1,2 и -11,2±1,2 мм рт. ст.), ПД (-6,5±1,2 и -6,0±1,0 мм рт. ст.), а также средненочного САД (-19,9±1,8 и -18,3±2,0 мм рт. ст.) и ДАД (-14,4±1,9 и -17,3±1,9 мм рт. ст. соответственно). Только в группе амлодипин/лизиноприл выявлено достоверное (р<0,001) снижение средненочного ПД (-5,1±1,2 мм рт. ст.). В группе амлодипин/лизиноприл по сравнению с группой бисопролол/ГХТ целевых значений средненочного САД достигли достоверно (p<0,01) большее число пациентов (80 и 43,3% соответственно). На фоне терапии амлодипин/лизиноприл и бисопролол/ГХТ достоверно (р<0,05) снизилась вариабельность САД в дневное время (-2,7±0,7 и -0,9±0,3 мм рт. ст. соответственно), причем в группе амлодипин/лизиноприл в достоверно (р<0,05) большей степени. Только в группе амлодипин/лизиноприл отмечено достоверное (р<0,05) снижение вариабельности САД в ночные часы (-1,2±0,5 мм рт. ст.) и ДАД в дневное и ночное время (-0,7±0,3 и -1,4±0,6 мм рт. ст. соответственно). В конце периода наблюдения в группе амлодипин/лизиноприл выявлено достоверное (p<0,01) снижение величины индекса жесткости (-15,2±3,8%) и модуля Юнга (-25,5±6,0%) ОСА, эластического модуля Петерсона (-19,2±6,0%), достоверное увеличение коэффициентов эластичности (30,3±7,5%) и растяжимости (52,9±9,3%) ОСА. Достоверных изменений показателей ригидности ОСА в группе бисопролол/ГХТ не обнаружено.
Заключение. У пациентов 45–65 лет с гипертонической болезнью II стадии 1–2-й степени ФК Экватор демонстрирует большую антигипертензивную эффективность по сравнению с ФК Лодоз. Улучшение упруго-эластических свойств ОСА отмечено только в группе ФК Экватор.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертензия, суточное мониторирование артериального давления, сонные артерии, жесткость сосудов, фиксированные комбинации, амлодипин, лизиноприл, бисопролол, гидрохлоротиазид.
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Methods. The study involved 60 patients with hypertension stage II, grade 1–2 (31 men, 29 women, mean age 53.6±0.8 years). All participants were randomized into two groups of 30 individuals each. Patients of the first group (16 men, mean age 52.7±1.1 years) received FDC A/L in the start dose of 5/10 mg, the second group patients (15 men, mean age of 54.6±1.0 years) – received FDC B/H in the start dose of 2.5/6.25 mg. Medications’ doses were titrated every 14 days to achieve a target BP below 140/90 mm Hg and after that the subsequent therapy in selected dose combination for 12 weeks was continued. At baseline and at the end of follow-up period ambulatory BP monitoring and triplex ultrasonic examination of the CCA were performed.
Results. All 60 patients had the target values of office BP. During antihypertensive therapy significant (p<0.05) reduction in office systolic BP – SBP (-23.8±2.5 and -16.6±2.4 mm Hg, respectively), diastolic BP – DBP (-13.5±1.3 and -11.2±1.0 mmHg, respectively), pulse pressure – PP (-10.4±2.0 and -5.4±1.9 mm Hg, respectively) was revealed in groups A/L and B/H. In the A/L group compared with the B/H group it was significantly (p<0.05) greater reduction in SBP and PP. In the A/L and B/H groups a significant (p<0.001) reduction in the daytime SBP (-19.0±1.8 and -17.1±1.6 mm Hg, respectively), daytime DBP (-12.5±1.2 and -11.2±1.2 mm Hg, respectively), daytime PP (-6.5±1.2 and -6.0±1.0 mm Hg, respectively), as well as nighttime SBP (-19.9±1.8 and -18.3±2.0 mm Hg, respectively) and nighttime DBP (-14.4±1.9 and -17.3±1.9 mm Hg, respectively) was observed. As opposed to the B/H, the A/L was showed a significant (p<0.001) reduction in the nighttime PP (-5.1±1.2 mm Hg). At the end of the follow-upmore patients in A/L group had target values of nighttime SBP than in the B/H group (80% and 43.3%, respectively, p<0.01). Daytime SBP variability was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in both groups, and in the A/L group it was significantly (p<0.05) greater compared with B/H (-2.7±0.7 and -0.9±0.3 mm Hg, respectively). Also therapy with A/L, in contrast with B/H, have shown a significant (p<0.05) decrease in nighttime SBP variability (-1.2±0.5 mm Hg) and day- and nighttime DBP variability (-0.7±0.3 and -1.4±0.6 mm Hg, respectively). After 12 weeks of A/L treatment a significant (p<0.01) decrease in the value of the CCA stiffness index (-15.2±3.8%) and the Young's modulus (-25.5±6.0%) of the CCA and in the Peterson’s elastic modulus of the CCA (-19.2±6.0%) have been noticed, and there was a significant increase in the CCA cross-sectional compliance (30.3±7.5%) and the CCA distensibility coefficient (52.9±9.3%). There were no significant changes in the CCA stiffness parameters in the B/H group.
Conclusion. In untreated patients with arterial hypertension aged 45 to 65 years 12-week therapy FDC A/L has greater antihypertensive efficacy compared with FDC B/H. FDC A/L, but not FDC B/H improved elastic properties of the CCA.
Key words: arterial hypertension, blood pressure monitoring, carotid artery, arterial stiffness, fixed-dose combinations, amlodipine, lisinopril, bisoprolol, hydrochlorothiazide.
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Список литературы
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30. Dahlöf B, Sever PS, Poulter NR et al; ASCOT Investigators. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366: 895–906.
31. Лукина Ю.В., Марцевич С.Ю. Бисопролол – высокоселективный бета-адреноблокатор с позиции доказательной медицины. Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2010; 6 (1): 103–7. / Lukina Iu.V., Martsevich S.Iu. Bisoprolol – vysokoselektivnyi beta-adrenoblokator s pozitsii dokazatel'noi meditsiny. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia v kardiologii. 2010; 6 (1): 103–7. [in Russian]
32. Оганезова Л.Г. Бисопролол – оптимальный бета-адреноблокатор для лечения сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Рус. мед. журн. 2012; 11: 560–2. / Oganezova L.G. Bisoprolol – optimal'nyi beta-adrenoblokator dlia lecheniia serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii. Rus. med. zhurn. 2012; 11: 560–2. [in Russian]
33. Недогода С.В., Чумачек Е.В., Ледяева А.А. и др. Сравнительная эффективность фиксированных комбинаций лизиноприла с амлодипином и эналаприла с гидрохлортиазидом. Кардиоваск. терапия и профилактика. 2013; 12 (2): 25–9. / Nedogoda S.V., Chumachek E.V., Lediaeva A.A. i dr. Sravnitel'naia effektivnost' fiksirovannykh kombinatsii lizinoprila s amlodipinom i enalaprila s gidrokhlortiazidom. Kardiovask. terapiia i profilaktika. 2013; 12 (2): 25–9. [in Russian]
34. Williams B, Lacy PS, Thom SM et al. CAFE Investigators; Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial Investigators; CAFE Steering Committee and Writing Committee. Differential impact of blood pressure-lowering drugs on central aortic pressure and clinical outcomes: principal results of the Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) study. Circulation 2006; 113 (9): 1213–25.
35. Бойцов С.А. Исследование ASCOT как аргумент в борьбе «нового» со «старым» и шаг к переоценке «системы ценностей». Consilium Medicum. 2006; 8 (11): 5–11. / Boitsov S.A. Issledovanie ASCOT kak argument v bor'be «novogo» so «starym» i shag k pereotsenke «sistemy tsennostei». Consilium Medicum. 2006; 8 (11): 5–11. [in Russian]
36. Domanski MJ, Davis BR, Pfeffer MA et al. Isolated systolic hypertension: prognostic information provided by pulse pressure. Hypertension 1999; 34: 375–80.
37. Selker HP, Beshansky J, Schmid CH. Presenting pulse pressure predicts thrombolytic therapy-related intracranial hemorrhage. Thrombolytic predictive instrument (TPI) project result. Circulation 1994; 90: 1657–61.
38. Fernández-Escribano Hernández M, Suárez Fernández C, Sáez Vaquero T et al. Relationship between pulse pressure and clinical cardiovascular damage in elderly subjects of EPICARDIAN study. Rev Clin Esp 2007; 207 (6): 284–90.
39. Nair GV, Chaput LA, Vittinghoff E, Herrington DM. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study Investigators. Pulse pressure and cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease. Chest 2005; 127 (5): 1498–506.
40. Peters R, Beckett N, Fagard R et al. Increased pulse pressure linked to dementia: further results from the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial – HYVET. J Hypertens 2013; 31 (9): 1868–75.
41. Dolan E, Stanton AV, Thom S et al; ASCOT Investigators. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring predicts cardiovascular events in treated hypertensive patients – an Anglo-Scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial substudy. J Hypertens 2009; 27 (4): 876–85.
42. Dolan E, Stanton A, Thijs L et al. Superiority of ambulatory over clinic blood pressure measurement in predicting mortality: the Dublin outcome study. Hypertension 2005; 46: 156–61.
43. Boggia J, Li Y, Thijs L et al; International Database on Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes (IDACO) investigators. Prognostic accuracy of day vs. night ambulatory blood pressure: a cohort study. Lancet 2007; 370: 1219–29.
44. Fagard RH, Thijs L, Staessen JA et al. Prognostic significance of ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive patients with history of cardiovascular disease. Blood Press Monit 2008; 13: 325–32.
45. Fagard RH, Thijs L, Staessen JA et al. Night-day blood pressure ratio and dipping pattern as predictors of death and cardiovascular events in hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2009; 23: 645–53.
46. Ohkubo T, Hozawa A, Yamaguchi J et al. Prognostic significance of the nocturnal decline in blood pressure: the Ohasama study. J Hypertension 2002; 20: 2183–9.
47. Kario K, Pickering TG, Matsuo T et al. Stroke prognosis and abnormal nocturnal blood pressure falls in older hypertensives. Hypertension 2001; 38 (4): 852–7.
48. Guo H, Tabara Y, Igase M et al. Abnormal nocturnal blood pressure profile is associated with mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: the J-SHIPP study. Hypertens Res 2010; 33 (1): 32–6.
49. Cuspidi C, Macca G, Sampieri L et al. Target organ damage and non-dipping pattern defined by two sessions of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in recently diagnosed essential hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 2001; 19: 1539–45.
50. Cuspidi C, Michev I, Meani S et al. Reduced nocturnal fall in blood pressure, assessed by two ambulatory blood pressure monitorings and cardiac alterations in early phases of untreated essential hypertension. J Human Hypertens 2003; 17: 245–51.
51. Pierdomenico S, Bucci A, Costantini F et al. Circadian blood pressure changes and myocardial ischemia in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 31 (7): 1627–34.
52. Timio M, Venanzi S, Lolli S et al. "Non-dipper" hypertensive patients and progressive renal insufficiency: a 3-year longitudinal study. Clin Nephrol 1995; 43 (6): 382–7.
53. Frattola A, Parati G, Cuspidi C et al. Prognostic value of 24-hour pressure variability. J Hypertens 1993; 11: 1133–7.
54. Parati G, Ulian L, Santucciu C et al. Blood pressure variability, cardiovascular risk and antihypertensive treatment. J Hypertens 1995; 13 (Suppl. 4): S27–S34.
55. Verdecchia P, Angeli F, Gattobigio R et al. Impact of Blood Pressure Variability on Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Complications in Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2007; 20: 154–61.
56. Zhang Y, Agnoletti D, Safar ME, Blacher J. Effect of antihypertensive agents on blood pressure variability: the Natrilix SR versus candesartan and amlodipine in the reduction of systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients (X-CELLENT) study. Hypertension 2011; 58 (2): 155–60.
57. Pringle E, Phillips C, Thijs L et al. Systolic blood pressure variability as a risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular mortality in the elderly hypertensive population. J Hypertens 2003; 21: 2251–7.
58. Ichihara A, Kaneshiro Y, Takemitsu T, Sakoda M. Effects of amlodipine and valsartan on vascular damage and ambulatory blood pressure in untreated hypertensive patients. J Hum Hypertens 2006; 20: 787–94.
59. Mancia G, Parati G., Bilo G et al. Assessment of long-term antihypertensive treatment by clinic and ambulatory blood pressure: data from the European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis. J Hypertens 2007; 25: 1087–94.
60. Kario K, Pickering TG, Umeda Y et al. Morning surge in blood pressure as a predictor of silent and clinical cerebrovascular disease in elderly hypertensives. A prospective study. Circulation 2003; 107: 1401–6.
61. Stergiou GS, Vemmos KN, Pliarchopoulou KM et al. Parallel morning and evening surge in stroke onset, blood pressure, and physical activity. Stroke 2002; 33: 1480–6.
62. Elliott WJ. Circadian variation in the timing of stroke onset: a meta-analysis. Stroke 1998; 29 (5): 992–6.
63. Дзяк Г.В., Колесник Т.В., Колесник Э.Л. Динамика показателей жесткости артериальной стенки на фоне комбинированной антигипертензивной терапии. Украинский мед. журн. 2011; 5 (85): 57–9. / Dziak G.V., Kolesnik T.V., Kolesnik E.L. Dinamika pokazatelei zhestkosti arterial'noi stenki na fone kombinirovannoi antigipertenzivnoi terapii. Ukrainskii med. zhurn. 2011; 5 (85): 57–9. [in Russian]
64. Laurent S, Katsahian S, Fassot C et al. Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of fatal stroke in essential hypertension. Stroke 2003; 34 (5): 1203–36.
65. Terpstra WF, May JF, Smit AJ et al. Long-term effects of amlodipine and lisinopril on left ventricular mass and diastolic function in elderly, previously untreated hypertensive patients: the ELVERA trial. J Hypertens 2001; 19 (2): 303–9.
66. Asmar RG, London GM, O'Rourke ME, Safar ME; REASON Project Coordinators and Investigators. Improvement in blood pressure, arterial stiffness and wave reflections with a very-low-dose perindopril/indapamide combination in hypertensive patient: a comparison with atenolol. Hypertension 2001; 38 (4): 922–6.
67. Ferguson JM, Minas J, Siapantas S et al. Effects of a fixed-dose ACE inhibitor-diuretic combination on ambulatory blood pressure and arterial properties in isolated systolic hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2008; 51 (6): 590–5.
68. Protogerou AD, Stergiou GS, Vlachopoulos C et al. The effect of antihypertensive drugs on central blood pressure beyond peripheral blood pressure. Part II: evidence for specific class-effects of antihypertensive drugs on pressure amplification. Curr Pharm Des 2009; 15: 272–89.
69. Muiesan ML, Salvetti M, Monteduro C et al. Effect of treatment on flow-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1999; 33 (1 Pt. 2): 575–80.
2. Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators: Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 2015; 386: 743–800.
3. Ovbiagele B, Goldstein LB, Higashida RT et al; American Heart Association Advocacy Coordinating Committee and Stroke Council. Forecasting the future of stroke in the United States: a policy statement from the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association. Stroke 2013; 44: 2361–75.
4. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2013; 31: 1281–357.
5. Chazova I.E., Ratova L.G., Boitsov S.A., Nebieridze D.V. Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noi gipertenzii (Rekomendatsii Rossiiskogo meditsinskogo obshchestva po arterial'noi gipertonii i Vserossiiskogo nauchnogo obshchestva kardiologov). Systemic Hypertension. 2010; 7 (3): 5–26. [in Russian]
6. Van Sloten TT, Stehouwer CD. Carotid Stiffness: A Novel Cerebrovascular Disease Risk Factor. Pulse (Basel) 2016; 4 (1): 24–7.
7. Mitchell GF. Effects of central arterial aging on the structure and function of the peripheral vasculature: implications for end-organ damage. J Appl Physiol 2008; 105: 1652–60.
8. O’Rourke MF, Safar ME. Relationship between aortic stiffening and microvascular disease in brain and kidney: cause and logic of therapy. Hypertension 2005; 46: 200–4.
9. Tzourio C, Laurent S, Debette S. Is hypertension associated with an accelerated aging of the brain? Hypertension 2014; 63: 894–903.
10. Rothwell PM. Limitations of the usual blood-pressure hypothesis and importance of variability, instability, and episodic hypertension. Lancet 2010; 375: 938–48.
11. Schillaci G, Bilo G, Pucci G et al. Relationship between short-term blood pressure variability and large-artery stiffness in human hypertension: findings from 2 large databases. Hypertension 2012; 60: 369–77.
12. Selwaness M, van den Bouwhuijsen Q, Mattace-Raso FU et al. Arterial stiffness is associated with carotid intraplaque hemorrhage in the general population: the Rotterdam study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34: 927–32.
13. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 2000; 894: 1–253.
14. Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH et al; CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration). A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med 2009; 150: 604–12.
15. O’Brien E, Parati G, Stergiou G et al on behalf of the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring. Guidelines European Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring. J Hypertension 2013; 31: 1731–68.
16. Laurent S, Cockcroft J, Van Bortel L et al. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications. Eur Heart J 2006; 27: 2588–605.
17. Pignoli P, Tremoli E, Poli A et al. Intimal plus medial thickness of the arterial wall: a direct measurement with ultrasound imaging. Circulation 1986; 74: 1399–406.
18. Touboul PJ, Hennerici MG, Meairs S et al. Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness and plaque consensus (2004–2006–2011). An update on behalf of the advisory board of the 3rd, 4th and 5th watching the risk symposia, at the 13th, 15th and 20th European Stroke Conferences, Mannheim, Germany, 2004, Brussels, Belgium, 2006, and Hamburg, Germany, 2011. Cerebrovasc 2012; 34: 290–6.
19. Oliver JJ, Webb DJ. Noninvasive assessment of arterial stiffness and risk of atherosclerotic events. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23: 554–66.
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23. Stampler J, Stampler R, Neaton J. Blood pressure, systolic and diastolic, and cardiovascular risks. Arch Intern Med 1993; 153: 598–615.
24. Petrovich H, Curb J, Bloom-Marcus E. Isolated systolic hypertension and risk of stroke in Japanese-American men. Stroke 1995; 26: 25–9.
25. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group: relationship between baseline risk factors and coronary heart disease and total mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Prev Med 1986; 15: 254–73.
26. Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD, Wentworth D for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12year cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Diabetes Care 1993; 16: 434–44.
27. Kannel W, Gordon T, Schwartz M. Systolic versus diastolic blood pressure and risk of coronary heart disease. The Framingham study. Am J Cardiol 1971; 27: 335–46.
28. Kannel W. Risk stratification in hypertension: new insights from the Framingham Study. Am J Hyper 2000; 13 (Pt. 2): S3–S10.
29. Stokes J 3rd, Kannel WB, Wolf PA et al. Blood pressure as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The Framingham study: 30 years of follow-up. Hypertension 1989; 13 (Suppl. 1): I13–I18.
30. Dahlöf B, Sever PS, Poulter NR et al; ASCOT Investigators. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366: 895–906.
31. Lukina Iu.V., Martsevich S.Iu. Bisoprolol – vysokoselektivnyi beta-adrenoblokator s pozitsii dokazatel'noi meditsiny. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia v kardiologii. 2010; 6 (1): 103–7. [in Russian]
32. Oganezova L.G. Bisoprolol – optimal'nyi beta-adrenoblokator dlia lecheniia serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii. Rus. med. zhurn. 2012; 11: 560–2. [in Russian]
33. Nedogoda S.V., Chumachek E.V., Lediaeva A.A. i dr. Sravnitel'naia effektivnost' fiksirovannykh kombinatsii lizinoprila s amlodipinom i enalaprila s gidrokhlortiazidom. Kardiovask. terapiia i profilaktika. 2013; 12 (2): 25–9. [in Russian]
34. Williams B, Lacy PS, Thom SM et al. CAFE Investigators; Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial Investigators; CAFE Steering Committee and Writing Committee. Differential impact of blood pressure-lowering drugs on central aortic pressure and clinical outcomes: principal results of the Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) study. Circulation 2006; 113 (9): 1213–25.
35. Boitsov S.A. Issledovanie ASCOT kak argument v bor'be «novogo» so «starym» i shag k pereotsenke «sistemy tsennostei». Consilium Medicum. 2006; 8 (11): 5–11. [in Russian]
36. Domanski MJ, Davis BR, Pfeffer MA et al. Isolated systolic hypertension: prognostic information provided by pulse pressure. Hypertension 1999; 34: 375–80.
37. Selker HP, Beshansky J, Schmid CH. Presenting pulse pressure predicts thrombolytic therapy-related intracranial hemorrhage. Thrombolytic predictive instrument (TPI) project result. Circulation 1994; 90: 1657–61.
38. Fernández-Escribano Hernández M, Suárez Fernández C, Sáez Vaquero T et al. Relationship between pulse pressure and clinical cardiovascular damage in elderly subjects of EPICARDIAN study. Rev Clin Esp 2007; 207 (6): 284–90.
39. Nair GV, Chaput LA, Vittinghoff E, Herrington DM. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study Investigators. Pulse pressure and cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease. Chest 2005; 127 (5): 1498–506.
40. Peters R, Beckett N, Fagard R et al. Increased pulse pressure linked to dementia: further results from the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial – HYVET. J Hypertens 2013; 31 (9): 1868–75.
41. Dolan E, Stanton AV, Thom S et al; ASCOT Investigators. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring predicts cardiovascular events in treated hypertensive patients – an Anglo-Scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial substudy. J Hypertens 2009; 27 (4): 876–85.
42. Dolan E, Stanton A, Thijs L et al. Superiority of ambulatory over clinic blood pressure measurement in predicting mortality: the Dublin outcome study. Hypertension 2005; 46: 156–61.
43. Boggia J, Li Y, Thijs L et al; International Database on Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes (IDACO) investigators. Prognostic accuracy of day vs. night ambulatory blood pressure: a cohort study. Lancet 2007; 370: 1219–29.
44. Fagard RH, Thijs L, Staessen JA et al. Prognostic significance of ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive patients with history of cardiovascular disease. Blood Press Monit 2008; 13: 325–32.
45. Fagard RH, Thijs L, Staessen JA et al. Night-day blood pressure ratio and dipping pattern as predictors of death and cardiovascular events in hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2009; 23: 645–53.
46. Ohkubo T, Hozawa A, Yamaguchi J et al. Prognostic significance of the nocturnal decline in blood pressure: the Ohasama study. J Hypertension 2002; 20: 2183–9.
47. Kario K, Pickering TG, Matsuo T et al. Stroke prognosis and abnormal nocturnal blood pressure falls in older hypertensives. Hypertension 2001; 38 (4): 852–7.
48. Guo H, Tabara Y, Igase M et al. Abnormal nocturnal blood pressure profile is associated with mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: the J-SHIPP study. Hypertens Res 2010; 33 (1): 32–6.
49. Cuspidi C, Macca G, Sampieri L et al. Target organ damage and non-dipping pattern defined by two sessions of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in recently diagnosed essential hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 2001; 19: 1539–45.
50. Cuspidi C, Michev I, Meani S et al. Reduced nocturnal fall in blood pressure, assessed by two ambulatory blood pressure monitorings and cardiac alterations in early phases of untreated essential hypertension. J Human Hypertens 2003; 17: 245–51.
51. Pierdomenico S, Bucci A, Costantini F et al. Circadian blood pressure changes and myocardial ischemia in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 31 (7): 1627–34.
52. Timio M, Venanzi S, Lolli S et al. "Non-dipper" hypertensive patients and progressive renal insufficiency: a 3-year longitudinal study. Clin Nephrol 1995; 43 (6): 382–7.
53. Frattola A, Parati G, Cuspidi C et al. Prognostic value of 24-hour pressure variability. J Hypertens 1993; 11: 1133–7.
54. Parati G, Ulian L, Santucciu C et al. Blood pressure variability, cardiovascular risk and antihypertensive treatment. J Hypertens 1995; 13 (Suppl. 4): S27–S34.
55. Verdecchia P, Angeli F, Gattobigio R et al. Impact of Blood Pressure Variability on Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Complications in Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2007; 20: 154–61.
56. Zhang Y, Agnoletti D, Safar ME, Blacher J. Effect of antihypertensive agents on blood pressure variability: the Natrilix SR versus candesartan and amlodipine in the reduction of systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients (X-CELLENT) study. Hypertension 2011; 58 (2): 155–60.
57. Pringle E, Phillips C, Thijs L et al. Systolic blood pressure variability as a risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular mortality in the elderly hypertensive population. J Hypertens 2003; 21: 2251–7.
58. Ichihara A, Kaneshiro Y, Takemitsu T, Sakoda M. Effects of amlodipine and valsartan on vascular damage and ambulatory blood pressure in untreated hypertensive patients. J Hum Hypertens 2006; 20: 787–94.
59. Mancia G, Parati G., Bilo G et al. Assessment of long-term antihypertensive treatment by clinic and ambulatory blood pressure: data from the European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis. J Hypertens 2007; 25: 1087–94.
60. Kario K, Pickering TG, Umeda Y et al. Morning surge in blood pressure as a predictor of silent and clinical cerebrovascular disease in elderly hypertensives. A prospective study. Circulation 2003; 107: 1401–6.
61. Stergiou GS, Vemmos KN, Pliarchopoulou KM et al. Parallel morning and evening surge in stroke onset, blood pressure, and physical activity. Stroke 2002; 33: 1480–6.
62. Elliott WJ. Circadian variation in the timing of stroke onset: a meta-analysis. Stroke 1998; 29 (5): 992–6.
63. Dziak G.V., Kolesnik T.V., Kolesnik E.L. Dinamika pokazatelei zhestkosti arterial'noi stenki na fone kombinirovannoi antigipertenzivnoi terapii. Ukrainskii med. zhurn. 2011; 5 (85): 57–9. [in Russian]
64. Laurent S, Katsahian S, Fassot C et al. Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of fatal stroke in essential hypertension. Stroke 2003; 34 (5): 1203–36.
65. Terpstra WF, May JF, Smit AJ et al. Long-term effects of amlodipine and lisinopril on left ventricular mass and diastolic function in elderly, previously untreated hypertensive patients: the ELVERA trial. J Hypertens 2001; 19 (2): 303–9.
66. Asmar RG, London GM, O'Rourke ME, Safar ME; REASON Project Coordinators and Investigators. Improvement in blood pressure, arterial stiffness and wave reflections with a very-low-dose perindopril/indapamide combination in hypertensive patient: a comparison with atenolol. Hypertension 2001; 38 (4): 922–6.
67. Ferguson JM, Minas J, Siapantas S et al. Effects of a fixed-dose ACE inhibitor-diuretic combination on ambulatory blood pressure and arterial properties in isolated systolic hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2008; 51 (6): 590–5.
68. Protogerou AD, Stergiou GS, Vlachopoulos C et al. The effect of antihypertensive drugs on central blood pressure beyond peripheral blood pressure. Part II: evidence for specific class-effects of antihypertensive drugs on pressure amplification. Curr Pharm Des 2009; 15: 272–89.
69. Muiesan ML, Salvetti M, Monteduro C et al. Effect of treatment on flow-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1999; 33 (1 Pt. 2): 575–80.
2. Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators: Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 2015; 386: 743–800.
3. Ovbiagele B, Goldstein LB, Higashida RT et al; American Heart Association Advocacy Coordinating Committee and Stroke Council. Forecasting the future of stroke in the United States: a policy statement from the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association. Stroke 2013; 44: 2361–75.
4. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2013; 31: 1281–357.
5. Чазова И.Е., Ратова Л.Г., Бойцов С.А., Небиеридзе Д.В. Диагностика и лечение артериальной гипертензии (Рекомендации Российского медицинского общества по артериальной гипертонии и Всероссийского научного общества кардиологов). Системные гипертензии. 2010; 7 (3): 5–26. / Chazova I.E., Ratova L.G., Boitsov S.A., Nebieridze D.V. Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noi gipertenzii (Rekomendatsii Rossiiskogo meditsinskogo obshchestva po arterial'noi gipertonii i Vserossiiskogo nauchnogo obshchestva kardiologov). Systemic Hypertension. 2010; 7 (3): 5–26. [in Russian]
6. Van Sloten TT, Stehouwer CD. Carotid Stiffness: A Novel Cerebrovascular Disease Risk Factor. Pulse (Basel) 2016; 4 (1): 24–7.
7. Mitchell GF. Effects of central arterial aging on the structure and function of the peripheral vasculature: implications for end-organ damage. J Appl Physiol 2008; 105: 1652–60.
8. O’Rourke MF, Safar ME. Relationship between aortic stiffening and microvascular disease in brain and kidney: cause and logic of therapy. Hypertension 2005; 46: 200–4.
9. Tzourio C, Laurent S, Debette S. Is hypertension associated with an accelerated aging of the brain? Hypertension 2014; 63: 894–903.
10. Rothwell PM. Limitations of the usual blood-pressure hypothesis and importance of variability, instability, and episodic hypertension. Lancet 2010; 375: 938–48.
11. Schillaci G, Bilo G, Pucci G et al. Relationship between short-term blood pressure variability and large-artery stiffness in human hypertension: findings from 2 large databases. Hypertension 2012; 60: 369–77.
12. Selwaness M, van den Bouwhuijsen Q, Mattace-Raso FU et al. Arterial stiffness is associated with carotid intraplaque hemorrhage in the general population: the Rotterdam study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34: 927–32.
13. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 2000; 894: 1–253.
14. Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH et al; CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration). A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med 2009; 150: 604–12.
15. O’Brien E, Parati G, Stergiou G et al on behalf of the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring. Guidelines European Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring. J Hypertension 2013; 31: 1731–68.
16. Laurent S, Cockcroft J, Van Bortel L et al. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications. Eur Heart J 2006; 27: 2588–605.
17. Pignoli P, Tremoli E, Poli A et al. Intimal plus medial thickness of the arterial wall: a direct measurement with ultrasound imaging. Circulation 1986; 74: 1399–406.
18. Touboul PJ, Hennerici MG, Meairs S et al. Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness and plaque consensus (2004–2006–2011). An update on behalf of the advisory board of the 3rd, 4th and 5th watching the risk symposia, at the 13th, 15th and 20th European Stroke Conferences, Mannheim, Germany, 2004, Brussels, Belgium, 2006, and Hamburg, Germany, 2011. Cerebrovasc 2012; 34: 290–6.
19. Oliver JJ, Webb DJ. Noninvasive assessment of arterial stiffness and risk of atherosclerotic events. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23: 554–66.
20. Ультразвуковая диагностика сосудистых заболеваний. Руководство для врачей. Под ред. В.П.Куликова. М.: СТРОМ, 2007. / Ul'trazvukovaia diagnostika sosudistykh zabolevanii. Rukovodstvo dlia vrachei. Pod red. V.P.Kulikova. M.: STROM, 2007. [in Russian]
21. Геморрагический инсульт. Практическое руководство. Под ред. В.И.Скворцовой, В.В.Крылова. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2005. / Gemorragicheskii insul't. Prakticheskoe rukovodstvo. Pod red. V.I.Skvortsovoi, V.V.Krylova. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2005. [in Russian]
22. Кобалава Ж.Д. Роль систолического артериального давления в развитии органных нарушений. Рус. мед. журн. 2001; 10: 415–8. / Kobalava Zh.D. Rol' sistolicheskogo arterial'nogo davleniia v razvitii organnykh narushenii. Rus. med. zhurn. 2001; 10: 415–8. [in Russian]
23. Stampler J, Stampler R, Neaton J. Blood pressure, systolic and diastolic, and cardiovascular risks. Arch Intern Med 1993; 153: 598–615.
24. Petrovich H, Curb J, Bloom-Marcus E. Isolated systolic hypertension and risk of stroke in Japanese-American men. Stroke 1995; 26: 25–9.
25. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group: relationship between baseline risk factors and coronary heart disease and total mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Prev Med 1986; 15: 254–73.
26. Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD, Wentworth D for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12year cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Diabetes Care 1993; 16: 434–44.
27. Kannel W, Gordon T, Schwartz M. Systolic versus diastolic blood pressure and risk of coronary heart disease. The Framingham study. Am J Cardiol 1971; 27: 335–46.
28. Kannel W. Risk stratification in hypertension: new insights from the Framingham Study. Am J Hyper 2000; 13 (Pt. 2): S3–S10.
29. Stokes J 3rd, Kannel WB, Wolf PA et al. Blood pressure as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The Framingham study: 30 years of follow-up. Hypertension 1989; 13 (Suppl. 1): I13–I18.
30. Dahlöf B, Sever PS, Poulter NR et al; ASCOT Investigators. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366: 895–906.
31. Лукина Ю.В., Марцевич С.Ю. Бисопролол – высокоселективный бета-адреноблокатор с позиции доказательной медицины. Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2010; 6 (1): 103–7. / Lukina Iu.V., Martsevich S.Iu. Bisoprolol – vysokoselektivnyi beta-adrenoblokator s pozitsii dokazatel'noi meditsiny. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia v kardiologii. 2010; 6 (1): 103–7. [in Russian]
32. Оганезова Л.Г. Бисопролол – оптимальный бета-адреноблокатор для лечения сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Рус. мед. журн. 2012; 11: 560–2. / Oganezova L.G. Bisoprolol – optimal'nyi beta-adrenoblokator dlia lecheniia serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii. Rus. med. zhurn. 2012; 11: 560–2. [in Russian]
33. Недогода С.В., Чумачек Е.В., Ледяева А.А. и др. Сравнительная эффективность фиксированных комбинаций лизиноприла с амлодипином и эналаприла с гидрохлортиазидом. Кардиоваск. терапия и профилактика. 2013; 12 (2): 25–9. / Nedogoda S.V., Chumachek E.V., Lediaeva A.A. i dr. Sravnitel'naia effektivnost' fiksirovannykh kombinatsii lizinoprila s amlodipinom i enalaprila s gidrokhlortiazidom. Kardiovask. terapiia i profilaktika. 2013; 12 (2): 25–9. [in Russian]
34. Williams B, Lacy PS, Thom SM et al. CAFE Investigators; Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial Investigators; CAFE Steering Committee and Writing Committee. Differential impact of blood pressure-lowering drugs on central aortic pressure and clinical outcomes: principal results of the Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) study. Circulation 2006; 113 (9): 1213–25.
35. Бойцов С.А. Исследование ASCOT как аргумент в борьбе «нового» со «старым» и шаг к переоценке «системы ценностей». Consilium Medicum. 2006; 8 (11): 5–11. / Boitsov S.A. Issledovanie ASCOT kak argument v bor'be «novogo» so «starym» i shag k pereotsenke «sistemy tsennostei». Consilium Medicum. 2006; 8 (11): 5–11. [in Russian]
36. Domanski MJ, Davis BR, Pfeffer MA et al. Isolated systolic hypertension: prognostic information provided by pulse pressure. Hypertension 1999; 34: 375–80.
37. Selker HP, Beshansky J, Schmid CH. Presenting pulse pressure predicts thrombolytic therapy-related intracranial hemorrhage. Thrombolytic predictive instrument (TPI) project result. Circulation 1994; 90: 1657–61.
38. Fernández-Escribano Hernández M, Suárez Fernández C, Sáez Vaquero T et al. Relationship between pulse pressure and clinical cardiovascular damage in elderly subjects of EPICARDIAN study. Rev Clin Esp 2007; 207 (6): 284–90.
39. Nair GV, Chaput LA, Vittinghoff E, Herrington DM. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study Investigators. Pulse pressure and cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease. Chest 2005; 127 (5): 1498–506.
40. Peters R, Beckett N, Fagard R et al. Increased pulse pressure linked to dementia: further results from the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial – HYVET. J Hypertens 2013; 31 (9): 1868–75.
41. Dolan E, Stanton AV, Thom S et al; ASCOT Investigators. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring predicts cardiovascular events in treated hypertensive patients – an Anglo-Scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial substudy. J Hypertens 2009; 27 (4): 876–85.
42. Dolan E, Stanton A, Thijs L et al. Superiority of ambulatory over clinic blood pressure measurement in predicting mortality: the Dublin outcome study. Hypertension 2005; 46: 156–61.
43. Boggia J, Li Y, Thijs L et al; International Database on Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes (IDACO) investigators. Prognostic accuracy of day vs. night ambulatory blood pressure: a cohort study. Lancet 2007; 370: 1219–29.
44. Fagard RH, Thijs L, Staessen JA et al. Prognostic significance of ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive patients with history of cardiovascular disease. Blood Press Monit 2008; 13: 325–32.
45. Fagard RH, Thijs L, Staessen JA et al. Night-day blood pressure ratio and dipping pattern as predictors of death and cardiovascular events in hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2009; 23: 645–53.
46. Ohkubo T, Hozawa A, Yamaguchi J et al. Prognostic significance of the nocturnal decline in blood pressure: the Ohasama study. J Hypertension 2002; 20: 2183–9.
47. Kario K, Pickering TG, Matsuo T et al. Stroke prognosis and abnormal nocturnal blood pressure falls in older hypertensives. Hypertension 2001; 38 (4): 852–7.
48. Guo H, Tabara Y, Igase M et al. Abnormal nocturnal blood pressure profile is associated with mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: the J-SHIPP study. Hypertens Res 2010; 33 (1): 32–6.
49. Cuspidi C, Macca G, Sampieri L et al. Target organ damage and non-dipping pattern defined by two sessions of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in recently diagnosed essential hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 2001; 19: 1539–45.
50. Cuspidi C, Michev I, Meani S et al. Reduced nocturnal fall in blood pressure, assessed by two ambulatory blood pressure monitorings and cardiac alterations in early phases of untreated essential hypertension. J Human Hypertens 2003; 17: 245–51.
51. Pierdomenico S, Bucci A, Costantini F et al. Circadian blood pressure changes and myocardial ischemia in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 31 (7): 1627–34.
52. Timio M, Venanzi S, Lolli S et al. "Non-dipper" hypertensive patients and progressive renal insufficiency: a 3-year longitudinal study. Clin Nephrol 1995; 43 (6): 382–7.
53. Frattola A, Parati G, Cuspidi C et al. Prognostic value of 24-hour pressure variability. J Hypertens 1993; 11: 1133–7.
54. Parati G, Ulian L, Santucciu C et al. Blood pressure variability, cardiovascular risk and antihypertensive treatment. J Hypertens 1995; 13 (Suppl. 4): S27–S34.
55. Verdecchia P, Angeli F, Gattobigio R et al. Impact of Blood Pressure Variability on Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Complications in Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2007; 20: 154–61.
56. Zhang Y, Agnoletti D, Safar ME, Blacher J. Effect of antihypertensive agents on blood pressure variability: the Natrilix SR versus candesartan and amlodipine in the reduction of systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients (X-CELLENT) study. Hypertension 2011; 58 (2): 155–60.
57. Pringle E, Phillips C, Thijs L et al. Systolic blood pressure variability as a risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular mortality in the elderly hypertensive population. J Hypertens 2003; 21: 2251–7.
58. Ichihara A, Kaneshiro Y, Takemitsu T, Sakoda M. Effects of amlodipine and valsartan on vascular damage and ambulatory blood pressure in untreated hypertensive patients. J Hum Hypertens 2006; 20: 787–94.
59. Mancia G, Parati G., Bilo G et al. Assessment of long-term antihypertensive treatment by clinic and ambulatory blood pressure: data from the European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis. J Hypertens 2007; 25: 1087–94.
60. Kario K, Pickering TG, Umeda Y et al. Morning surge in blood pressure as a predictor of silent and clinical cerebrovascular disease in elderly hypertensives. A prospective study. Circulation 2003; 107: 1401–6.
61. Stergiou GS, Vemmos KN, Pliarchopoulou KM et al. Parallel morning and evening surge in stroke onset, blood pressure, and physical activity. Stroke 2002; 33: 1480–6.
62. Elliott WJ. Circadian variation in the timing of stroke onset: a meta-analysis. Stroke 1998; 29 (5): 992–6.
63. Дзяк Г.В., Колесник Т.В., Колесник Э.Л. Динамика показателей жесткости артериальной стенки на фоне комбинированной антигипертензивной терапии. Украинский мед. журн. 2011; 5 (85): 57–9. / Dziak G.V., Kolesnik T.V., Kolesnik E.L. Dinamika pokazatelei zhestkosti arterial'noi stenki na fone kombinirovannoi antigipertenzivnoi terapii. Ukrainskii med. zhurn. 2011; 5 (85): 57–9. [in Russian]
64. Laurent S, Katsahian S, Fassot C et al. Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of fatal stroke in essential hypertension. Stroke 2003; 34 (5): 1203–36.
65. Terpstra WF, May JF, Smit AJ et al. Long-term effects of amlodipine and lisinopril on left ventricular mass and diastolic function in elderly, previously untreated hypertensive patients: the ELVERA trial. J Hypertens 2001; 19 (2): 303–9.
66. Asmar RG, London GM, O'Rourke ME, Safar ME; REASON Project Coordinators and Investigators. Improvement in blood pressure, arterial stiffness and wave reflections with a very-low-dose perindopril/indapamide combination in hypertensive patient: a comparison with atenolol. Hypertension 2001; 38 (4): 922–6.
67. Ferguson JM, Minas J, Siapantas S et al. Effects of a fixed-dose ACE inhibitor-diuretic combination on ambulatory blood pressure and arterial properties in isolated systolic hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2008; 51 (6): 590–5.
68. Protogerou AD, Stergiou GS, Vlachopoulos C et al. The effect of antihypertensive drugs on central blood pressure beyond peripheral blood pressure. Part II: evidence for specific class-effects of antihypertensive drugs on pressure amplification. Curr Pharm Des 2009; 15: 272–89.
69. Muiesan ML, Salvetti M, Monteduro C et al. Effect of treatment on flow-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1999; 33 (1 Pt. 2): 575–80.
________________________________________________
2. Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators: Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 2015; 386: 743–800.
3. Ovbiagele B, Goldstein LB, Higashida RT et al; American Heart Association Advocacy Coordinating Committee and Stroke Council. Forecasting the future of stroke in the United States: a policy statement from the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association. Stroke 2013; 44: 2361–75.
4. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2013; 31: 1281–357.
5. Chazova I.E., Ratova L.G., Boitsov S.A., Nebieridze D.V. Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noi gipertenzii (Rekomendatsii Rossiiskogo meditsinskogo obshchestva po arterial'noi gipertonii i Vserossiiskogo nauchnogo obshchestva kardiologov). Systemic Hypertension. 2010; 7 (3): 5–26. [in Russian]
6. Van Sloten TT, Stehouwer CD. Carotid Stiffness: A Novel Cerebrovascular Disease Risk Factor. Pulse (Basel) 2016; 4 (1): 24–7.
7. Mitchell GF. Effects of central arterial aging on the structure and function of the peripheral vasculature: implications for end-organ damage. J Appl Physiol 2008; 105: 1652–60.
8. O’Rourke MF, Safar ME. Relationship between aortic stiffening and microvascular disease in brain and kidney: cause and logic of therapy. Hypertension 2005; 46: 200–4.
9. Tzourio C, Laurent S, Debette S. Is hypertension associated with an accelerated aging of the brain? Hypertension 2014; 63: 894–903.
10. Rothwell PM. Limitations of the usual blood-pressure hypothesis and importance of variability, instability, and episodic hypertension. Lancet 2010; 375: 938–48.
11. Schillaci G, Bilo G, Pucci G et al. Relationship between short-term blood pressure variability and large-artery stiffness in human hypertension: findings from 2 large databases. Hypertension 2012; 60: 369–77.
12. Selwaness M, van den Bouwhuijsen Q, Mattace-Raso FU et al. Arterial stiffness is associated with carotid intraplaque hemorrhage in the general population: the Rotterdam study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34: 927–32.
13. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 2000; 894: 1–253.
14. Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH et al; CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration). A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med 2009; 150: 604–12.
15. O’Brien E, Parati G, Stergiou G et al on behalf of the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring. Guidelines European Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring. J Hypertension 2013; 31: 1731–68.
16. Laurent S, Cockcroft J, Van Bortel L et al. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications. Eur Heart J 2006; 27: 2588–605.
17. Pignoli P, Tremoli E, Poli A et al. Intimal plus medial thickness of the arterial wall: a direct measurement with ultrasound imaging. Circulation 1986; 74: 1399–406.
18. Touboul PJ, Hennerici MG, Meairs S et al. Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness and plaque consensus (2004–2006–2011). An update on behalf of the advisory board of the 3rd, 4th and 5th watching the risk symposia, at the 13th, 15th and 20th European Stroke Conferences, Mannheim, Germany, 2004, Brussels, Belgium, 2006, and Hamburg, Germany, 2011. Cerebrovasc 2012; 34: 290–6.
19. Oliver JJ, Webb DJ. Noninvasive assessment of arterial stiffness and risk of atherosclerotic events. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23: 554–66.
20. Ul'trazvukovaia diagnostika sosudistykh zabolevanii. Rukovodstvo dlia vrachei. Pod red. V.P.Kulikova. M.: STROM, 2007. [in Russian]
21. Gemorragicheskii insul't. Prakticheskoe rukovodstvo. Pod red. V.I.Skvortsovoi, V.V.Krylova. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2005. [in Russian]
22. Kobalava Zh.D. Rol' sistolicheskogo arterial'nogo davleniia v razvitii organnykh narushenii. Rus. med. zhurn. 2001; 10: 415–8. [in Russian]
23. Stampler J, Stampler R, Neaton J. Blood pressure, systolic and diastolic, and cardiovascular risks. Arch Intern Med 1993; 153: 598–615.
24. Petrovich H, Curb J, Bloom-Marcus E. Isolated systolic hypertension and risk of stroke in Japanese-American men. Stroke 1995; 26: 25–9.
25. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group: relationship between baseline risk factors and coronary heart disease and total mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Prev Med 1986; 15: 254–73.
26. Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD, Wentworth D for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12year cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Diabetes Care 1993; 16: 434–44.
27. Kannel W, Gordon T, Schwartz M. Systolic versus diastolic blood pressure and risk of coronary heart disease. The Framingham study. Am J Cardiol 1971; 27: 335–46.
28. Kannel W. Risk stratification in hypertension: new insights from the Framingham Study. Am J Hyper 2000; 13 (Pt. 2): S3–S10.
29. Stokes J 3rd, Kannel WB, Wolf PA et al. Blood pressure as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The Framingham study: 30 years of follow-up. Hypertension 1989; 13 (Suppl. 1): I13–I18.
30. Dahlöf B, Sever PS, Poulter NR et al; ASCOT Investigators. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366: 895–906.
31. Lukina Iu.V., Martsevich S.Iu. Bisoprolol – vysokoselektivnyi beta-adrenoblokator s pozitsii dokazatel'noi meditsiny. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia v kardiologii. 2010; 6 (1): 103–7. [in Russian]
32. Oganezova L.G. Bisoprolol – optimal'nyi beta-adrenoblokator dlia lecheniia serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii. Rus. med. zhurn. 2012; 11: 560–2. [in Russian]
33. Nedogoda S.V., Chumachek E.V., Lediaeva A.A. i dr. Sravnitel'naia effektivnost' fiksirovannykh kombinatsii lizinoprila s amlodipinom i enalaprila s gidrokhlortiazidom. Kardiovask. terapiia i profilaktika. 2013; 12 (2): 25–9. [in Russian]
34. Williams B, Lacy PS, Thom SM et al. CAFE Investigators; Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial Investigators; CAFE Steering Committee and Writing Committee. Differential impact of blood pressure-lowering drugs on central aortic pressure and clinical outcomes: principal results of the Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) study. Circulation 2006; 113 (9): 1213–25.
35. Boitsov S.A. Issledovanie ASCOT kak argument v bor'be «novogo» so «starym» i shag k pereotsenke «sistemy tsennostei». Consilium Medicum. 2006; 8 (11): 5–11. [in Russian]
36. Domanski MJ, Davis BR, Pfeffer MA et al. Isolated systolic hypertension: prognostic information provided by pulse pressure. Hypertension 1999; 34: 375–80.
37. Selker HP, Beshansky J, Schmid CH. Presenting pulse pressure predicts thrombolytic therapy-related intracranial hemorrhage. Thrombolytic predictive instrument (TPI) project result. Circulation 1994; 90: 1657–61.
38. Fernández-Escribano Hernández M, Suárez Fernández C, Sáez Vaquero T et al. Relationship between pulse pressure and clinical cardiovascular damage in elderly subjects of EPICARDIAN study. Rev Clin Esp 2007; 207 (6): 284–90.
39. Nair GV, Chaput LA, Vittinghoff E, Herrington DM. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study Investigators. Pulse pressure and cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease. Chest 2005; 127 (5): 1498–506.
40. Peters R, Beckett N, Fagard R et al. Increased pulse pressure linked to dementia: further results from the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial – HYVET. J Hypertens 2013; 31 (9): 1868–75.
41. Dolan E, Stanton AV, Thom S et al; ASCOT Investigators. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring predicts cardiovascular events in treated hypertensive patients – an Anglo-Scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial substudy. J Hypertens 2009; 27 (4): 876–85.
42. Dolan E, Stanton A, Thijs L et al. Superiority of ambulatory over clinic blood pressure measurement in predicting mortality: the Dublin outcome study. Hypertension 2005; 46: 156–61.
43. Boggia J, Li Y, Thijs L et al; International Database on Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes (IDACO) investigators. Prognostic accuracy of day vs. night ambulatory blood pressure: a cohort study. Lancet 2007; 370: 1219–29.
44. Fagard RH, Thijs L, Staessen JA et al. Prognostic significance of ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive patients with history of cardiovascular disease. Blood Press Monit 2008; 13: 325–32.
45. Fagard RH, Thijs L, Staessen JA et al. Night-day blood pressure ratio and dipping pattern as predictors of death and cardiovascular events in hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2009; 23: 645–53.
46. Ohkubo T, Hozawa A, Yamaguchi J et al. Prognostic significance of the nocturnal decline in blood pressure: the Ohasama study. J Hypertension 2002; 20: 2183–9.
47. Kario K, Pickering TG, Matsuo T et al. Stroke prognosis and abnormal nocturnal blood pressure falls in older hypertensives. Hypertension 2001; 38 (4): 852–7.
48. Guo H, Tabara Y, Igase M et al. Abnormal nocturnal blood pressure profile is associated with mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: the J-SHIPP study. Hypertens Res 2010; 33 (1): 32–6.
49. Cuspidi C, Macca G, Sampieri L et al. Target organ damage and non-dipping pattern defined by two sessions of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in recently diagnosed essential hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 2001; 19: 1539–45.
50. Cuspidi C, Michev I, Meani S et al. Reduced nocturnal fall in blood pressure, assessed by two ambulatory blood pressure monitorings and cardiac alterations in early phases of untreated essential hypertension. J Human Hypertens 2003; 17: 245–51.
51. Pierdomenico S, Bucci A, Costantini F et al. Circadian blood pressure changes and myocardial ischemia in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 31 (7): 1627–34.
52. Timio M, Venanzi S, Lolli S et al. "Non-dipper" hypertensive patients and progressive renal insufficiency: a 3-year longitudinal study. Clin Nephrol 1995; 43 (6): 382–7.
53. Frattola A, Parati G, Cuspidi C et al. Prognostic value of 24-hour pressure variability. J Hypertens 1993; 11: 1133–7.
54. Parati G, Ulian L, Santucciu C et al. Blood pressure variability, cardiovascular risk and antihypertensive treatment. J Hypertens 1995; 13 (Suppl. 4): S27–S34.
55. Verdecchia P, Angeli F, Gattobigio R et al. Impact of Blood Pressure Variability on Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Complications in Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2007; 20: 154–61.
56. Zhang Y, Agnoletti D, Safar ME, Blacher J. Effect of antihypertensive agents on blood pressure variability: the Natrilix SR versus candesartan and amlodipine in the reduction of systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients (X-CELLENT) study. Hypertension 2011; 58 (2): 155–60.
57. Pringle E, Phillips C, Thijs L et al. Systolic blood pressure variability as a risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular mortality in the elderly hypertensive population. J Hypertens 2003; 21: 2251–7.
58. Ichihara A, Kaneshiro Y, Takemitsu T, Sakoda M. Effects of amlodipine and valsartan on vascular damage and ambulatory blood pressure in untreated hypertensive patients. J Hum Hypertens 2006; 20: 787–94.
59. Mancia G, Parati G., Bilo G et al. Assessment of long-term antihypertensive treatment by clinic and ambulatory blood pressure: data from the European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis. J Hypertens 2007; 25: 1087–94.
60. Kario K, Pickering TG, Umeda Y et al. Morning surge in blood pressure as a predictor of silent and clinical cerebrovascular disease in elderly hypertensives. A prospective study. Circulation 2003; 107: 1401–6.
61. Stergiou GS, Vemmos KN, Pliarchopoulou KM et al. Parallel morning and evening surge in stroke onset, blood pressure, and physical activity. Stroke 2002; 33: 1480–6.
62. Elliott WJ. Circadian variation in the timing of stroke onset: a meta-analysis. Stroke 1998; 29 (5): 992–6.
63. Dziak G.V., Kolesnik T.V., Kolesnik E.L. Dinamika pokazatelei zhestkosti arterial'noi stenki na fone kombinirovannoi antigipertenzivnoi terapii. Ukrainskii med. zhurn. 2011; 5 (85): 57–9. [in Russian]
64. Laurent S, Katsahian S, Fassot C et al. Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of fatal stroke in essential hypertension. Stroke 2003; 34 (5): 1203–36.
65. Terpstra WF, May JF, Smit AJ et al. Long-term effects of amlodipine and lisinopril on left ventricular mass and diastolic function in elderly, previously untreated hypertensive patients: the ELVERA trial. J Hypertens 2001; 19 (2): 303–9.
66. Asmar RG, London GM, O'Rourke ME, Safar ME; REASON Project Coordinators and Investigators. Improvement in blood pressure, arterial stiffness and wave reflections with a very-low-dose perindopril/indapamide combination in hypertensive patient: a comparison with atenolol. Hypertension 2001; 38 (4): 922–6.
67. Ferguson JM, Minas J, Siapantas S et al. Effects of a fixed-dose ACE inhibitor-diuretic combination on ambulatory blood pressure and arterial properties in isolated systolic hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2008; 51 (6): 590–5.
68. Protogerou AD, Stergiou GS, Vlachopoulos C et al. The effect of antihypertensive drugs on central blood pressure beyond peripheral blood pressure. Part II: evidence for specific class-effects of antihypertensive drugs on pressure amplification. Curr Pharm Des 2009; 15: 272–89.
69. Muiesan ML, Salvetti M, Monteduro C et al. Effect of treatment on flow-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1999; 33 (1 Pt. 2): 575–80.
Авторы
О.Д.Остроумова*1,2, А.И.Кочетков1
1 ФГБОУ ВО Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова Минздрава России. 127473, Россия, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1;
2 ФГБОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова Минздрава России. 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2
*ostroumova.olga@mail.ru
1 ФГБОУ ВО Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова Минздрава России. 127473, Россия, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1;
2 ФГБОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова Минздрава России. 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2
*ostroumova.olga@mail.ru
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O.D.Ostroumova*1,2, A.I.Kochetkov1
1 A.I.Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 127473, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Delegatskaia, d. 20, str. 1;
2 I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Trubetskaia, d. 8, str. 2
*ostroumova.olga@mail.ru
1 A.I.Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 127473, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Delegatskaia, d. 20, str. 1;
2 I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Trubetskaia, d. 8, str. 2
*ostroumova.olga@mail.ru
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