Программа СКАТ (Стратегия Контроля Антимикробной Терапии) при оказании стационарной медицинской помощи. Методические рекомендации для лечебно-профилактических учреждений Москвы

1. Стратегия и тактика применения антимикробных средств в лечебных учреждениях России: Российские национальные рекомендации. Под ред. В.С.Савельева, Б.Р.Гельфанда, С.В.Яковлева. М.: Боргес, 2012. www.antimicrob.net / Strategiia i taktika primeneniia antimikrobnykh sredstv v lechebnykh uchrezhdeniiakh Rossii: Rossiiskie natsional'nye rekomendatsii. Pod red. V.S.Savel'eva, B.R.Gel'fanda, S.V.Iakovleva. M.: Borges, 2012. www.antimicrob.net [in Russian]
2. Яковлев С.В., Суворова М.П., Елисеева Е.В. Стратегические и тактические вопросы рационального применения антибактериальных препаратов в стационаре. В кн.: Рациональная антимикробная фармакотерапия: руководство для практикующих врачей. Изд. 2-е, перераб. и доп. М.: Литтерра, 2015; с. 421–36. / Iakovlev S.V., Suvorova M.P., Eliseeva E.V. Strategicheskie i takticheskie voprosy ratsional'nogo primeneniia antibakterial'nykh preparatov v statsionare. V kn.: Ratsional'naia antimikrobnaia farmakoterapiia: rukovodstvo dlia praktikuiushchikh vrachei. Izd. 2-e, pererab. i dop. M.: Litterra, 2015; s. 421–36. [in Russian]
3. Christiansen KJ et al. In vitro activity of doripenem and other carbapenems against contemporary Gram-negative pathogens isolated from hospitalised patients in the Asia-Pacific region: results of the COMPACT Asia-Pacific Study. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2010; 36 (60): 501–6. 
4. Gales AC et al. Antimicrobial activity of doripenem against Gram-negative pathogens: results from INVITA-A-DORI Brazilian study. Braz J Infect 2011; 15 (6).
5. Fukuda S et al. The annual changes in antimicrobial susceptibility test results of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from the Kinki district. Jpn J Antibiot 2016 Apr; 69 (2): 101–10.
6. Яковлев С.В., Суворова М.П., Белобородов В.Б. и др., члены исследовательской группы ЭРГИНИ. Распространенность и клиническое значение нозокомиальных инфекций в лечебных учреждениях России: исследование ЭРГИНИ. Антибиотики и химиотерапия. 2016; 61 (5–6): 32–42. / Iakovlev S.V., Suvorova M.P., Beloborodov V.B. i dr., chleny issledovatel'skoi gruppy ERGINI. Rasprostranennost' i klinicheskoe znachenie nozokomial'nykh infektsii v lechebnykh uchrezhdeniiakh Rossii: issledovanie ERGINI. Antibiotiki i khimioterapiia. 2016; 61 (5–6): 32–42. [in Russian]
7. Стратегия и тактика рационального применения антимикробных средств в амбулаторной практике. Российские практические рекомендации. Под ред. С.В.Яковлева, С.В.Сидоренко, В.В.Рафальского, Т.В.Спичак. М.: Пре100принт, 2014. www.antimicrob.net / Strategiia i taktika ratsional'nogo primeneniia antimikrobnykh sredstv v ambulatornoi praktike. Rossiiskie prakticheskie rekomendatsii. Pod red. S.V.Iakovleva, S.V.Sidorenko, V.V.Rafal'skogo, T.V.Spichak. M.: Pre100print, 2014. www.antimicrob.net [in Russian]
8. Dellit TH, Owens RC, McGowan JE et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America Guidelines for Developing an Institutional Program to Enhance Antimicrobial Stewardship. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44: 159–77.
9. Shlaes DM, Gerding DN, John JF et al. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and Infectious Diseases Society of America Joint Committee on the Prevention of Antimicrobial Resistance: Guidelines for the Prevention of Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25: 584–99.
10. Drew RH. Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs: How to Start and Steer a Successful Program. J Manag Care Pharm 2009; 15 (Suppl. 2): S18–S23.
11. Pollack LA, Srinivasan A. Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59 (S3): S97–100.
12. Nagel JL, Stevenson JG, Eiland EH 3rd, Kaye KS. Demonstrating the Value of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs to Hospital Administrators. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59 (S3): S146–53.
13. DePestel DD, Eiland EH 3rd, Lusardi K et al. Assessing Appropriateness of Antimicrobial Therapy: In the Eye of the Interpreter. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59 (S3): S154–61.
14. Bumpass JB, McDaneld PM, DePestel DD et al. Outcomes and Metrics for Antimicrobial Stewardship: Survey of Physicians and Pharmacists. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59 (S3): S108–11.
15. Яковлев С.В. Необходимость внедрения в ЛПУ программ сдерживания антибиотикорезистентности. Здоровье нации. 2013; 3 (26): 22–4. / Iakovlev S.V. Neobkhodimost' vnedreniia v LPU programm sderzhivaniia antibiotikorezistentnosti. Zdorov'e natsii. 2013; 3 (26): 22–4. [in Russian]
16. Яковлев С.В., Проценко Д.Н., Шахова Т.В. и др. Антибиотикорезистентность в стационаре: контролируем ли мы ситуацию? Антибиотики и химиотерапия 2010; 55 (1–2): 50–8. / Iakovlev S.V., Protsenko D.N., Shakhova T.V. i dr. Antibiotikorezistentnost' v statsionare: kontroliruem li my situatsiiu? Antibiotiki i khimioterapiia 2010; 55 (1–2): 50–8. [in Russian]
17. Елисеева Е.В., Гайнуллина Ю.И., Гельцер Б.И. Управление качеством в сфере применения антибактериальных препаратов. Владивосток: Дальнаука, 2010. / Eliseeva E.V., Gainullina Iu.I., Gel'tser B.I. Upravlenie kachestvom v sfere primeneniia antibakterial'nykh preparatov. Vladivostok: Dal'nauka, 2010. [in Russian]
18. Приказ Министерства здравоохранения и социального развития Российской Федерации (Минздравсоцразвития России) от 22 ноября 2010 г. №1022н, г. Москва, «Об утверждении Порядка оказания медицинской помощи населению по профилю «Клиническая фармакология». / Prikaz Ministerstva zdravookhraneniia i sotsial'nogo razvitiia Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Minzdravsotsrazvitiia Rossii) ot 22 noiabria 2010 g. №1022n, g. Moskva, “Ob utverzhdenii Poriadka okazaniia meditsinskoi pomoshchi naseleniiu po profiliu “Klinicheskaia farmakologiia”. [in Russian]
19. Kollef MH, Sherman G, Ward S, Fraser VJ. Inadequate antimicrobial treatment of infections: a risk factor for hospital mortality among critically ill patients. Chest 1999; 115 (2): 462–74.
20. Iregui M, Ward S, Sherman G et al. Clinical importance of delays in the initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2002; 122 (1): 262–8.
21. Yakovlev S, Gelfand B, Protsenko D. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with truma: risk factors concerning mortality [abstract P1603]. 13th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Glasgow, May 10–13, 2003. Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9 (6).
22. Проценко Д.Н., Ярошецкий А.И., Гельфанд Б.Р. и др. Протокол антибактериальной терапии нозокомиальной пневмонии при проведении искусственной вентиляции легких: эффективность внедрения. Инфекции и антимикробная терапия. 2005; 7 (2): 15–20. / Protsenko D.N., Iaroshetskii A.I., Gel'fand B.R. i dr. Protokol antibakterial'noi terapii nozokomial'noi pnevmonii pri provedenii iskusstvennoi ventiliatsii legkikh: effektivnost' vnedreniia. Infektsii i antimikrobnaia terapiia. 2005; 7 (2): 15–20. [in Russian]
23. Owens RC, Fraser GL, Stogsdill P. Antimicrobial stewardship programs as a means to optimize antimicrobial use. Pharmacotherapy 2004; 24: 896–908.
24. Feucht CL, Rice LB. An interventional program to improve antibiotic use. Ann Pharmacother 2003; 37: 646–51.
25. Fraser GL, Stogsdill P, Dickens JD Jr et al. Antibiotic optimization: an evaluation of patient safety and economic outcomes. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 1689–94.
26. Lautenbach E, Patel JB, Bilker WB et al. Extended-spectrum b-lactamase – producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: risk factors for infection and impact of resistance on outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32: 1162–71.
27. Lin MF, Huang ML, Lai SH. Risk factors in the acquisition of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Klebsiella pneumoniae: a case-control study in a district teaching hospital in Taiwan. J Hosp Infect 2003; 53: 39–45.
28. Patterson JE, Hardin TC, Kelly CA et al. Association of antibiotic utilization measures and control of multiple-drug resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000; 21: 4558. 
29. Lesch CA, Itokazu GS, Danziger LH, Weinstein RA. Multi-hospital analysis of antimicrobial usage and resistance trends. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2001; 41: 149–54. 
30. DiNubile MF et al. Bowel colonization with resistant gram-negative bacilli after antimicrobial therapy of intra-abdominal infections: observations from two randomized comparative clinical trials of ertapenem therapy. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 24: 443–9.
31. Cao B, Wang H, San H et al. Risk factors and clinical outcames of nosocomial multi-drug resistant nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. J Hosp Inf 2004; 57 (2): 112–8.
32. Goldstein E, Citron DM, Peraino V et al. Introduction of Ertapenem into a Hospital Formulary: Effect on Antimicrobial Usage and Improved In Vitro Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Ag Chemother 2009; 53 (12): 5122–26.
33. Goldstein E, Periano V, Hammer-Reig L et al. Carbapenem stewardship: sustained, improved imipenem susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa correlated with eight-years of increased ertapenem usage. 
34. Nicolau DP, Carmeli Y, Crank CW et al. Carbapenem stewardship: does ertapenem affect Pseudomonas susceptibility to other carbapenems? A review of the evidence. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2012; 39: 11–5.
35. Petros A. Psathas, Stability of Doripenem in Vitro in Representative Infusion Solutions and Infusion Bags. Clinical Therapeutics 2008; 30 (11). 
36. Crandon JL, Sutherland C, Nicolau DP. Stability of doripenem in polyvinyl chloride bags and elastomeric pumps. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 2010; 67 (15). 
37. Keel RA, Sutherland CA, Crandon JL, Nicolau DP. Stability of doripenem, imipenem and meropenem at elevated room temperatures. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2011; 37 (2): 184–5. 
38. Craig WA. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters: Rationale for antimicrobial dosing of mice and men. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26: 1–12.
39. Bratzler DW, Houck PM. Antimicrobial prophylaxix for surgery: an advisory statement from the National Surgical Infection Prevention Project. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38: 1706–15.
40. Bratzler DW, Dellinger EP, Olsen KM et al. Clinical practice guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 2013; 70: 195–283.
41. Яковлев С.В. Высокотехнологичная периоперационная антибиотикопрофилактика в контексте хирургической концепции Fast Track. Доктор.ру. Анестезиология и реаниматология. Мед. реабилитация. 2016; 12 (1): 43–8. / Iakovlev S.V. Vysokotekhnologichnaia perioperatsionnaia antibiotikoprofilaktika v kontekste khirurgicheskoi kontseptsii Fast Track. Doktor.ru. Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia. Med. reabilitatsiia. 2016; 12  (1): 43–8. [in Russian]
42. Burke JF. The effective period of preventive antibiotic action in experimental incisions and dermal lesions. Surgery 1961; 50: 161–8.
43. Хирургические инфекции кожи и мягких тканей: Российские национальные рекомендации. Под ред. Б.Р.Гельфанда, А.О.Жукова, А.Б.Земляного, С.В.Яковлева. М.: Боргес, 2009. / Khirurgicheskie infektsii kozhi i miagkikh tkanei: Rossiiskie natsional'nye rekomendatsii. Pod red. B.R.Gel'fanda, A.O.Zhukova, A.B.Zemlianogo, S.V.Iakovleva. M.: Borges, 2009. [in Russian]
44. Anderson DJ, Kaye KS, Classen D et al. Strategies to Prevent Surgical Site Infections in Acute Care Hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008; 29 (Suppl. 1): S51–61.
45. Hagel S, Scheuerlein H. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and antimicrobial therapy of intra-abdominal infections. Viszeralmedizin 2014; 30: 310–6.
46. Harbarth S, Samore MH, Lichtenberg D, Carmelli Y. Prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis after cardiovascular surgery and its effect on surgical site infections and antimicrobial resistance. Circulation 2000; 101: 2916–21.
47. Hirokawa F, Hayashi M, Miyamoto Y et al. Evaluation of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis after liver resection: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Surg 2013; 206: 8–15.
48. Carignan A, Allard C, Pepin J et al. Risk of Clostridium difficile infection after perioperative antibacterial prophylaxis before and during an outbreak of infection due to a hypervirulent strain. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46: 1838–43.
49. Покровский В.И., Акимкин В.Г., Брико Н.И. и др. Национальная концепция профилактики инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи, и информационный материал по ее положениям. Н.Новгород: Ремедиум Приволжье, 2012. / Pokrovskii V.I., Akimkin V.G., Briko N.I. i dr. Natsional'naia kontseptsiia profilaktiki infektsii, sviazannykh s okazaniem meditsinskoi pomoshchi, i informatsionnyi material po ee polozheniiam. N.Novgorod: Remedium Privolzh'e, 2012. [in Russian]
50. Baron EJ, Miller JM, Weinstein MP et al. A Guide to Utilization of the Microbiology Laboratory for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases: 2013 Recommendations by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society for Microbiology (ASM). Clin Infect Dis 2016; 57 (4): e22–e121.
51. Солодовников В.В., Гайнуллина Ю.И., Елисеева Е.В., Кривелевич В.Я. Современное состояние проблемы и значение службы клинической фармакологии в оптимизации использования антибактериальных лекарственных средств. Проблемы стандартизации в здравоохранении. 2008; 9: 3–7. / Solodovnikov V.V., Gainullina Iu.I., Eliseeva E.V., Krivelevich V.Ia. Sovremennoe sostoianie problemy i znachenie sluzhby klinicheskoi farmakologii v optimizatsii ispol'zovaniia antibakterial'nykh lekarstvennykh sredstv. Problemy standartizatsii v zdravookhranenii. 2008; 9: 3–7. [in Russian]
52. Laxminarayan R, Klugman KP. Communicating trends in resistance using a drug resistance index. BMJ Open 2011; 1: e000135.
53. Gross PA, Trish L, Barret RN et al. Quality standart for the treatment of bacteremia. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994; 15: 189–92.
54. SHEA. An approach to the evaluation of quality indicators of the outcome of care in hospitalized patients with a focus in nosocomial infection indicators. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1995; 16: 308–16. 
55. Rodríguez-Baño J, de Cueto M, Retamar P, Gálvez-Acebal J. Current management of bloodstream infections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2010; 8 (7): 815–29.
56. Гусаров В.Г., Нестерова Е.Е., Оприщенко И.В. и др. Клинические и фармакоэкономические результаты использования протокола эмпирической антимикробной терапии в многопрофильном стационаре. Вестн. Национального медико-хирургического центра им. Н.И.Пирогова. 2015; 10 (4): 100–3. / Gusarov V.G., Nesterova E.E., Oprishchenko I.V. i dr. Klinicheskie i farmakoekonomicheskie rezul'taty ispol'zovaniia protokola empiricheskoi antimikrobnoi terapii v mnogoprofil'nom statsionare. Vestn. Natsional'nogo mediko-khirurgicheskogo tsentra im. N.I.Pirogova. 2015; 10 (4): 100–3. [in Russian]
57. Гусаров В.Г., Нестерова Е.Е., Лашенкова Н.Н. и др. Зависимость уровня микробной резистентности от потребления антимикробных препаратов в многопрофильном стационаре. Клин. патофизиология. 2015; 3: 55–49. / Gusarov V.G., Nesterova E.E., Lashenkova N.N. i dr. Zavisimost' urovnia mikrobnoi rezistentnosti ot potrebleniia antimikrobnykh preparatov v mnogoprofil'nom statsionare. Klin. patofiziologiia. 2015; 3: 55–49. [in Russian]
58. NICE quality standard 49. Issued: October 2013. Surgical site infection. guidance.nice.org.uk/qs49. 
59. Gyssens IC. Quality Measures of Antimicrobal Drug Use. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2001; 17: 9–19.

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1. Strategiia i taktika primeneniia antimikrobnykh sredstv v lechebnykh uchrezhdeniiakh Rossii: Rossiiskie natsional'nye rekomendatsii. Pod red. V.S.Savel'eva, B.R.Gel'fanda, S.V.Iakovleva. M.: Borges, 2012. www.antimicrob.net [in Russian]
2. Iakovlev S.V., Suvorova M.P., Eliseeva E.V. Strategicheskie i takticheskie voprosy ratsional'nogo primeneniia antibakterial'nykh preparatov v statsionare. V kn.: Ratsional'naia antimikrobnaia farmakoterapiia: rukovodstvo dlia praktikuiushchikh vrachei. Izd. 2-e, pererab. i dop. M.: Litterra, 2015; s. 421–36. [in Russian]
3. Christiansen KJ et al. In vitro activity of doripenem and other carbapenems against contemporary Gram-negative pathogens isolated from hospitalised patients in the Asia-Pacific region: results of the COMPACT Asia-Pacific Study. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2010; 36 (60): 501–6. 
4. Gales AC et al. Antimicrobial activity of doripenem against Gram-negative pathogens: results from INVITA-A-DORI Brazilian study. Braz J Infect 2011; 15 (6).
5. Fukuda S et al. The annual changes in antimicrobial susceptibility test results of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from the Kinki district. Jpn J Antibiot 2016 Apr; 69 (2): 101–10.
6. Iakovlev S.V., Suvorova M.P., Beloborodov V.B. i dr., chleny issledovatel'skoi gruppy ERGINI. Rasprostranennost' i klinicheskoe znachenie nozokomial'nykh infektsii v lechebnykh uchrezhdeniiakh Rossii: issledovanie ERGINI. Antibiotiki i khimioterapiia. 2016; 61 (5–6): 32–42. [in Russian]
7. Strategiia i taktika ratsional'nogo primeneniia antimikrobnykh sredstv v ambulatornoi praktike. Rossiiskie prakticheskie rekomendatsii. Pod red. S.V.Iakovleva, S.V.Sidorenko, V.V.Rafal'skogo, T.V.Spichak. M.: Pre100print, 2014. www.antimicrob.net [in Russian]
8. Dellit TH, Owens RC, McGowan JE et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America Guidelines for Developing an Institutional Program to Enhance Antimicrobial Stewardship. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44: 159–77.
9. Shlaes DM, Gerding DN, John JF et al. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and Infectious Diseases Society of America Joint Committee on the Prevention of Antimicrobial Resistance: Guidelines for the Prevention of Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25: 584–99.
10. Drew RH. Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs: How to Start and Steer a Successful Program. J Manag Care Pharm 2009; 15 (Suppl. 2): S18–S23.
11. Pollack LA, Srinivasan A. Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59 (S3): S97–100.
12. Nagel JL, Stevenson JG, Eiland EH 3rd, Kaye KS. Demonstrating the Value of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs to Hospital Administrators. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59 (S3): S146–53.
13. DePestel DD, Eiland EH 3rd, Lusardi K et al. Assessing Appropriateness of Antimicrobial Therapy: In the Eye of the Interpreter. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59 (S3): S154–61.
14. Bumpass JB, McDaneld PM, DePestel DD et al. Outcomes and Metrics for Antimicrobial Stewardship: Survey of Physicians and Pharmacists. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59 (S3): S108–11.
15. Iakovlev S.V. Neobkhodimost' vnedreniia v LPU programm sderzhivaniia antibiotikorezistentnosti. Zdorov'e natsii. 2013; 3 (26): 22–4. [in Russian]
16. Iakovlev S.V., Protsenko D.N., Shakhova T.V. i dr. Antibiotikorezistentnost' v statsionare: kontroliruem li my situatsiiu? Antibiotiki i khimioterapiia 2010; 55 (1–2): 50–8. [in Russian]
17. Eliseeva E.V., Gainullina Iu.I., Gel'tser B.I. Upravlenie kachestvom v sfere primeneniia antibakterial'nykh preparatov. Vladivostok: Dal'nauka, 2010. [in Russian]
18. Prikaz Ministerstva zdravookhraneniia i sotsial'nogo razvitiia Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Minzdravsotsrazvitiia Rossii) ot 22 noiabria 2010 g. №1022n, g. Moskva, “Ob utverzhdenii Poriadka okazaniia meditsinskoi pomoshchi naseleniiu po profiliu “Klinicheskaia farmakologiia”. [in Russian]
19. Kollef MH, Sherman G, Ward S, Fraser VJ. Inadequate antimicrobial treatment of infections: a risk factor for hospital mortality among critically ill patients. Chest 1999; 115 (2): 462–74.
20. Iregui M, Ward S, Sherman G et al. Clinical importance of delays in the initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2002; 122 (1): 262–8.
21. Yakovlev S, Gelfand B, Protsenko D. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with truma: risk factors concerning mortality [abstract P1603]. 13th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Glasgow, May 10–13, 2003. Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9 (6).
22. Protsenko D.N., Iaroshetskii A.I., Gel'fand B.R. i dr. Protokol antibakterial'noi terapii nozokomial'noi pnevmonii pri provedenii iskusstvennoi ventiliatsii legkikh: effektivnost' vnedreniia. Infektsii i antimikrobnaia terapiia. 2005; 7 (2): 15–20. [in Russian]
23. Owens RC, Fraser GL, Stogsdill P. Antimicrobial stewardship programs as a means to optimize antimicrobial use. Pharmacotherapy 2004; 24: 896–908.
24. Feucht CL, Rice LB. An interventional program to improve antibiotic use. Ann Pharmacother 2003; 37: 646–51.
25. Fraser GL, Stogsdill P, Dickens JD Jr et al. Antibiotic optimization: an evaluation of patient safety and economic outcomes. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 1689–94.
26. Lautenbach E, Patel JB, Bilker WB et al. Extended-spectrum b-lactamase – producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: risk factors for infection and impact of resistance on outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32: 1162–71.
27. Lin MF, Huang ML, Lai SH. Risk factors in the acquisition of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Klebsiella pneumoniae: a case-control study in a district teaching hospital in Taiwan. J Hosp Infect 2003; 53: 39–45.
28. Patterson JE, Hardin TC, Kelly CA et al. Association of antibiotic utilization measures and control of multiple-drug resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000; 21: 4558. 
29. Lesch CA, Itokazu GS, Danziger LH, Weinstein RA. Multi-hospital analysis of antimicrobial usage and resistance trends. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2001; 41: 149–54. 
30. DiNubile MF et al. Bowel colonization with resistant gram-negative bacilli after antimicrobial therapy of intra-abdominal infections: observations from two randomized comparative clinical trials of ertapenem therapy. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 24: 443–9.
31. Cao B, Wang H, San H et al. Risk factors and clinical outcames of nosocomial multi-drug resistant nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. J Hosp Inf 2004; 57 (2): 112–8.
32. Goldstein E, Citron DM, Peraino V et al. Introduction of Ertapenem into a Hospital Formulary: Effect on Antimicrobial Usage and Improved In Vitro Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Ag Chemother 2009; 53 (12): 5122–26.
33. Goldstein E, Periano V, Hammer-Reig L et al. Carbapenem stewardship: sustained, improved imipenem susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa correlated with eight-years of increased ertapenem usage. 
34. Nicolau DP, Carmeli Y, Crank CW et al. Carbapenem stewardship: does ertapenem affect Pseudomonas susceptibility to other carbapenems? A review of the evidence. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2012; 39: 11–5.
35. Petros A. Psathas, Stability of Doripenem in Vitro in Representative Infusion Solutions and Infusion Bags. Clinical Therapeutics 2008; 30 (11). 
36. Crandon JL, Sutherland C, Nicolau DP. Stability of doripenem in polyvinyl chloride bags and elastomeric pumps. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 2010; 67 (15). 
37. Keel RA, Sutherland CA, Crandon JL, Nicolau DP. Stability of doripenem, imipenem and meropenem at elevated room temperatures. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2011; 37 (2): 184–5. 
38. Craig WA. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters: Rationale for antimicrobial dosing of mice and men. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26: 1–12.
39. Bratzler DW, Houck PM. Antimicrobial prophylaxix for surgery: an advisory statement from the National Surgical Infection Prevention Project. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38: 1706–15.
40. Bratzler DW, Dellinger EP, Olsen KM et al. Clinical practice guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 2013; 70: 195–283.
41. Iakovlev S.V. Vysokotekhnologichnaia perioperatsionnaia antibiotikoprofilaktika v kontekste khirurgicheskoi kontseptsii Fast Track. Doktor.ru. Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia. Med. reabilitatsiia. 2016; 12  (1): 43–8. [in Russian]
42. Burke JF. The effective period of preventive antibiotic action in experimental incisions and dermal lesions. Surgery 1961; 50: 161–8.
43. Khirurgicheskie infektsii kozhi i miagkikh tkanei: Rossiiskie natsional'nye rekomendatsii. Pod red. B.R.Gel'fanda, A.O.Zhukova, A.B.Zemlianogo, S.V.Iakovleva. M.: Borges, 2009. [in Russian]
44. Anderson DJ, Kaye KS, Classen D et al. Strategies to Prevent Surgical Site Infections in Acute Care Hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008; 29 (Suppl. 1): S51–61.
45. Hagel S, Scheuerlein H. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and antimicrobial therapy of intra-abdominal infections. Viszeralmedizin 2014; 30: 310–6.
46. Harbarth S, Samore MH, Lichtenberg D, Carmelli Y. Prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis after cardiovascular surgery and its effect on surgical site infections and antimicrobial resistance. Circulation 2000; 101: 2916–21.
47. Hirokawa F, Hayashi M, Miyamoto Y et al. Evaluation of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis after liver resection: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Surg 2013; 206: 8–15.
48. Carignan A, Allard C, Pepin J et al. Risk of Clostridium difficile infection after perioperative antibacterial prophylaxis before and during an outbreak of infection due to a hypervirulent strain. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46: 1838–43.
49. Pokrovskii V.I., Akimkin V.G., Briko N.I. i dr. Natsional'naia kontseptsiia profilaktiki infektsii, sviazannykh s okazaniem meditsinskoi pomoshchi, i informatsionnyi material po ee polozheniiam. N.Novgorod: Remedium Privolzh'e, 2012. [in Russian]
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51. Solodovnikov V.V., Gainullina Iu.I., Eliseeva E.V., Krivelevich V.Ia. Sovremennoe sostoianie problemy i znachenie sluzhby klinicheskoi farmakologii v optimizatsii ispol'zovaniia antibakterial'nykh lekarstvennykh sredstv. Problemy standartizatsii v zdravookhranenii. 2008; 9: 3–7. [in Russian]
52. Laxminarayan R, Klugman KP. Communicating trends in resistance using a drug resistance index. BMJ Open 2011; 1: e000135.
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58. NICE quality standard 49. Issued: October 2013. Surgical site infection. guidance.nice.org.uk/qs49. 
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С.В.Яковлев1,2*, М.В.Журавлева1, Д.Н.Проценко3,4, В.Б.Белобородов2,5, Н.И.Брико1,6, Е.Б.Брусина7, В.Г.Гусаров8,
Е.В.Елисеева9, М.Н.Замятин8, С.К.Зырянов10,11, В.Г.Кукес1, Д.А.Попов12, С.В.Сидоренко2,13,14, М.П.Суворова1 

1. ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова» Минздрава России. 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2;
2. Межрегиональная общественная организация «Альянс клинических химиотерапевтов и микробиологов». 117152, Россия, Москва, ул. Нагатинская, д. 3А;
3. ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И.Пирогова» Минздрава России. 117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1;
4. ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница №1 им. Н.И.Пирогова» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы. 119049, Россия, Москва, Ленинский пр-т., д. 10, корп. 5;
5. ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России. 121552, Россия, Москва, ул. 3-я Черепковская, д. 15а;
6. НК «Национальная ассоциация специалистов по контролю за инфекциями, связанными с оказанием медицинской помощи (НАСКИ)». 603950, Россия, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д. 10/1;
7. ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровсий государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России. 650029, Россия, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, д. 22 а;
8. ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический центр им. Н.И.Пирогова» Минздрава России. 105203, Россия, Москва, ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70;
9. ГБОУ ВПО «Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России. 690002, Владивосток, пр-т Острякова, д. 2;
10. ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов». 117198, Россия, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6;
11. ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница №24» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы. 127015, Россия, Москва, ул. Писцовая, д. 10;
12. ФГБНУ «Научный центр сердечно-сосудистой хирургии им. А.Н.Бакулева» Минздрава России. 121552, Россия, Москва, Рублевское ш., д. 135;
13. ФГБУ «НИИ детских инфекций» ФМБА России. 197022, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д. 9;
14. ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И.Мечникова» Минздрава России. 191015, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д. 41
*antimicrob@yandex.ru

________________________________________________

S.V.Yakovlev1,2*, M.V.Zhuravleva1, D.N.Protsenko3,4, V.B.Beloborodov2,5, N.I.Briko1,6, E.B.Brusina7, V.G.Gusarov8, 
E.V.Eliseeva9, M.N.Zamyatin8, S.K.Zyryanov10,11, V.G.Kukes1, D.A.Popov12, S.V.Sidorenko2,13,14, M.P.Suvorova1

1. I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, 
ul. Trubetskaia, d. 8, str. 2;
2. Interregional Public Organization “Alliance Clinical Chemioterapico and Microbiologists”. 117152, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Nagatinskaia, d. 3A;
3. N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 117997, Russian Federation, Moscow, 
ul. Ostrovitianova, d. 1;
4. N.I.Pirogov City Clinical Hospital №1 of the Department of Health of Moscow. 119049, Russian Federation, Moscow, Leninskii pr-t., d. 10, korp. 5;
5. Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 121552, Russian Federation, Moscow, 3-ia Cherepkovskaia, d. 15a;
6. National Association of professionals in infection control related to the provision of medical care (NAPIC). 603950, Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, 
pl. Minina i Pozharskogo, d. 10/1;
7. Kemerovo State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 650029, Russian Federation, Kemerovo, ul. Voroshilova, d. 22a;
8. N.I.Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 105203, Russian Federation, Moscow, 
ul. Nizhniaia Pervomaiskaia, d. 70;
9. Pacific State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 690002, Russian Federation, Vladivostok, pr-t Ostriakova, d. 2;
10. People’s Friendship University of Russia. 117198, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, d. 6;
11. City Clinical Hospital №24 of the Department of Health of Moscow. 127015, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Pistsovaia, d. 10;
12. A.N.Bakulev Scientific Centre of Cardiovascular Surgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 121552, Russian Federation, Moscow,  Rublevskoe sh., d. 135;
13. Research Institute of Childhood Infections. 197022, Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, ul. Professora Popova, d. 9;
14. I.I.Mechnikov State Northwestern Medical University  of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 191015, Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, ul. Kirochnaia, d. 41
*antimicrob@yandex.ru