1. Ивашкин В.Т., Маевская М.В., Павлов Ч.С. и др. Клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению неалкогольной жировой болезни печени Российского общества по изучению печени и Российской гастроэнтерологической ассоциации. Рос. журн. гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. 2016; 26 (2): 24–42. / Ivashkin V.T., Maevskaia M.V., Pavlov Ch.S. i dr. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii po diagnostike i lecheniiu nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezni pecheni Rossiiskogo obshchestva po izucheniiu pecheni i Rossiiskoi gastroenterologicheskoi assotsiatsii. Ros. zhurn. gastroenterologii, gepatologii, koloproktologii. 2016; 26 (2): 24–42. [in Russian]
2. Anstee QM, Targher G, Day CP. Progression of NAFLD to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or cirrhosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 10: 330–44.
3. Targher G, Day CP, Bonora E. Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1341–50.
4. Byrne CD, Targher G NAFLD: A multisystem disease. J Hepatol 2015; 62: S47–S64.
5. Francque SM, van der Graaf D, Kwanten WJ. Non-alcocholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk: pathophysiological mechanisms and implications. J Hepatol 2016; 65: 425–43.
6. Musso G, Gambino R, Cassader M, Pagano G. Meta-analysis: natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive tests for liver disease severity. Ann Med 2011; 43: 617–49.
7. Stepanova M, Younossi ZM. Independent association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease in the US population. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 10: 646–50.
8. Kim D, Kim WR, Kim HJ, Therneau TM. Association between noninvasive fibrosis markers and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States. Hepatology 2013; 57: 1357–65.
9. Wong VW, Wong GL, Yip GW et al. Coronary artery disease and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gut 2011; 60: 1721–7.
10. Ekstedt M, Franzen LE, Mathiesen UL et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes. Hepatology 2006; 44: 865–73.
11. Ekstedt M, Hagstrom H, Nasr P et al. Fibrosis stage is the strongest predictor for disease-specific mortality in NAFLD after up to 33 years of follow-up. Hepatology 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.27368
12. Zhou YJ, Li YY, Nie YQ et al. Natural course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in southern China: a prospective cohort study. J Dig Dis 2012; 13: 153–60.
13. Treeprasertsuk S, Leverage S, Adams LA et al. The Framingham risk score and heart disease in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Int 2012; 32: 945–50.
14. Targher G, Bertolini L, Rodella S et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 2119–21.
15. Soderberg C, Stal P, Askling J et al. Decreased survival of subjects with elevated liver function tests during a 28-year follow-up. Hepatology 2010; 51: 595–602.
16. Rafiq N, Bai C, Fang Y et al. Long term follow-up of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 7: 234–8.
17. Lazo M, Hernaez R, Bonekamp S et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and mortality among US adults: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2011; 343: d6891.
18. Jepsen P, Vilstrup H, Mellemkjaer L et al. Prognosis of patients with a diagnosis of fatty liver – a registry-based cohort study. Hepatogastroenterology 2003; 50: 2101–4.
19. Haring R, Wallaschofski H, Nauck M et al. Ultrasonographic hepatic steatosis increases prediction of mortality risk from elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels. Hepatology 2009; 50: 1403–11.
20. Hamaguchi M, Kojima T, Takeda N et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a novel predictor of cardiovascular disease. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13: 1579–84.
21. Adams LA, Lymp JF, Sanderson SO et al. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study. Gastroenterology 2005; 129: 113–21.
22. Ballestri S, Lonardo A, Bonapace S et al. Risk of cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 1724–45.
23. Oni ET, Agatston AS, Blaha MJ et al. A systematic review: burden and severity of subclinical cardiovascular disease among those with nonalcoholic fatty liver; should we care? Atherosclerosis 2013; 230: 258–67.
24. Rijzewijk LJ, van der Meer RW, Smit JW et al. Myocardial steatosis is an independent predictor of diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52: 1793–9.
25. Bonapace S, Perseghin G, Molon G et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2012; 35: 389–95.
26. Kim NH, Park J, Kim SH et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome and subclinical cardiovascular changes in the general population. Heart 2014; 100: 938–43.
27. Wannamethee SG, Whincup PH, Shaper AG et al. Gammaglutamyltransferase, hepatic enzymes, and risk of incident heart failure in older men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32: 830–5.
28. Sinner MF, Wang N, Fox CS et al. Relation of circulating liver transaminase concentrations to risk of new onset atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2013; 111: 219–24.
29. Alonso A, Misialek JR, Amiin MA et al. Circulating levels of liver enzymes and incidence of atrial fibrillation: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities cohort. Heart 2014; 100: 1151–6.
30. Targher G, Mantovani A, Pichiri I et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with an increased prevalence of atrial fibrillation in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. Clin Sci (Lond) 2013; 125: 301–9.
31. Targher G, Valbusa F, Bonapace S et al. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with QT interval in patients with type 2 diabetes. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24: 663–9.
32. Targher G, Byrne C, Lonardo A et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. J Hepatol 2016; 65: 589–600.
33. EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2016; 64: 1388–402.
34. Широкова Е.Н. Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени и кардиоваскулярный риск (обзор литературы). Фарматека. 2017; 2: 24–9. / Shirokova E.N. Nealkogol'naia zhirovaia bolezn' pecheni i kardiovaskuliarnyi risk (obzor literatury). Farmateka. 2017; 2: 24–9. [in Russian]
35. Бакулин И.Г., Сандлер Ю.Г. Гиполипидемическая терапия и печень. Рос. мед. вести. 2012; 17 (1): 43–51. / Bakulin I.G., Sandler Iu.G. Gipolipidemicheskaia terapiia i pechen'. Ros. med. vesti. 2012; 17 (1): 43–51. [in Russian]
36. Минушкин О.Н., Масловский Л.В. Лечение жировой болезни печени различной этиологии: современные рекомендации. Эффективная фармакотерапия. 2013; 41 (4): 38–46. / Minushkin O.N., Maslovskii L.V. Lechenie zhirovoi bolezni pecheni razlichnoi etiologii: sovremennye rekomendatsii. Effektivnaia farmakoterapiia. 2013; 41 (4): 38–46. [in Russian]
37. Мязин Р.Г. Неалкогольная болезнь печени: новые возможности терапии. Мед. совет. 2014; 13: 18–20. / Miazin R.G. Nealkogol'naia bolezn' pecheni: novye vozmozhnosti terapii. Med. sovet. 2014; 13: 18–20. [in Russian]

________________________________________________

1. Ivashkin V.T., Maevskaia M.V., Pavlov Ch.S. i dr. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii po diagnostike i lecheniiu nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezni pecheni Rossiiskogo obshchestva po izucheniiu pecheni i Rossiiskoi gastroenterologicheskoi assotsiatsii. Ros. zhurn. gastroenterologii, gepatologii, koloproktologii. 2016; 26 (2): 24–42. [in Russian]
2. Anstee QM, Targher G, Day CP. Progression of NAFLD to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or cirrhosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 10: 330–44.
3. Targher G, Day CP, Bonora E. Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1341–50.
4. Byrne CD, Targher G NAFLD: A multisystem disease. J Hepatol 2015; 62: S47–S64.
5. Francque SM, van der Graaf D, Kwanten WJ. Non-alcocholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk: pathophysiological mechanisms and implications. J Hepatol 2016; 65: 425–43.
6. Musso G, Gambino R, Cassader M, Pagano G. Meta-analysis: natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive tests for liver disease severity. Ann Med 2011; 43: 617–49.
7. Stepanova M, Younossi ZM. Independent association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease in the US population. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 10: 646–50.
8. Kim D, Kim WR, Kim HJ, Therneau TM. Association between noninvasive fibrosis markers and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States. Hepatology 2013; 57: 1357–65.
9. Wong VW, Wong GL, Yip GW et al. Coronary artery disease and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gut 2011; 60: 1721–7.
10. Ekstedt M, Franzen LE, Mathiesen UL et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes. Hepatology 2006; 44: 865–73.
11. Ekstedt M, Hagstrom H, Nasr P et al. Fibrosis stage is the strongest predictor for disease-specific mortality in NAFLD after up to 33 years of follow-up. Hepatology 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.27368
12. Zhou YJ, Li YY, Nie YQ et al. Natural course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in southern China: a prospective cohort study. J Dig Dis 2012; 13: 153–60.
13. Treeprasertsuk S, Leverage S, Adams LA et al. The Framingham risk score and heart disease in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Int 2012; 32: 945–50.
14. Targher G, Bertolini L, Rodella S et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 2119–21.
15. Soderberg C, Stal P, Askling J et al. Decreased survival of subjects with elevated liver function tests during a 28-year follow-up. Hepatology 2010; 51: 595–602.
16. Rafiq N, Bai C, Fang Y et al. Long term follow-up of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 7: 234–8.
17. Lazo M, Hernaez R, Bonekamp S et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and mortality among US adults: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2011; 343: d6891.
18. Jepsen P, Vilstrup H, Mellemkjaer L et al. Prognosis of patients with a diagnosis of fatty liver – a registry-based cohort study. Hepatogastroenterology 2003; 50: 2101–4.
19. Haring R, Wallaschofski H, Nauck M et al. Ultrasonographic hepatic steatosis increases prediction of mortality risk from elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels. Hepatology 2009; 50: 1403–11.
20. Hamaguchi M, Kojima T, Takeda N et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a novel predictor of cardiovascular disease. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13: 1579–84.
21. Adams LA, Lymp JF, Sanderson SO et al. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study. Gastroenterology 2005; 129: 113–21.
22. Ballestri S, Lonardo A, Bonapace S et al. Risk of cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 1724–45.
23. Oni ET, Agatston AS, Blaha MJ et al. A systematic review: burden and severity of subclinical cardiovascular disease among those with nonalcoholic fatty liver; should we care? Atherosclerosis 2013; 230: 258–67.
24. Rijzewijk LJ, van der Meer RW, Smit JW et al. Myocardial steatosis is an independent predictor of diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52: 1793–9.
25. Bonapace S, Perseghin G, Molon G et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2012; 35: 389–95.
26. Kim NH, Park J, Kim SH et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome and subclinical cardiovascular changes in the general population. Heart 2014; 100: 938–43.
27. Wannamethee SG, Whincup PH, Shaper AG et al. Gammaglutamyltransferase, hepatic enzymes, and risk of incident heart failure in older men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32: 830–5.
28. Sinner MF, Wang N, Fox CS et al. Relation of circulating liver transaminase concentrations to risk of new onset atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2013; 111: 219–24.
29. Alonso A, Misialek JR, Amiin MA et al. Circulating levels of liver enzymes and incidence of atrial fibrillation: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities cohort. Heart 2014; 100: 1151–6.
30. Targher G, Mantovani A, Pichiri I et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with an increased prevalence of atrial fibrillation in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. Clin Sci (Lond) 2013; 125: 301–9.
31. Targher G, Valbusa F, Bonapace S et al. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with QT interval in patients with type 2 diabetes. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24: 663–9.
32. Targher G, Byrne C, Lonardo A et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. J Hepatol 2016; 65: 589–600.
33. EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2016; 64: 1388–402.
34. Shirokova E.N. Nealkogol'naia zhirovaia bolezn' pecheni i kardiovaskuliarnyi risk (obzor literatury). Farmateka. 2017; 2: 24–9. [in Russian]
35. Bakulin I.G., Sandler Iu.G. Gipolipidemicheskaia terapiia i pechen'. Ros. med. vesti. 2012; 17 (1): 43–51. [in Russian]
36. Minushkin O.N., Maslovskii L.V. Lechenie zhirovoi bolezni pecheni razlichnoi etiologii: sovremennye rekomendatsii. Effektivnaia farmakoterapiia. 2013; 41 (4): 38–46. [in Russian]
37. Miazin R.G. Nealkogol'naia bolezn' pecheni: novye vozmozhnosti terapii. Med. sovet. 2014; 13: 18–20. [in Russian]

Е.Н.Широкова*

ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова» Минздрава России. 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 1
*elshirokova@yandex.ru

________________________________________________

E.N.Shirokova*

I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Trubetskaia, d. 8, str. 1
*elshirokova@yandex.ru