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Лечение фибрилляции предсердий у коморбидных пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста
Лечение фибрилляции предсердий у коморбидных пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста
Дощицин В.Л., Федорова М.Х. Лечение фибрилляции предсердий у коморбидных пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста. Consilium Medicum. 2018; 20 (12): 47–54. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2018.12.180156
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Аннотация
Фибрилляция предсердий – одна из самых распространенных и клинически значимых аритмий сердца. Большинство пациентов с фибрилляцией предсердий, нуждающихся в лечении, – лица пожилого и старческого возраста, имеющие коморбидную патологию. В обзорной статье представлены данные о выборе стратегии и тактики ведения таких больных, подборе антиаритмической медикаментозной терапии, направленной на восстановление и удержание синусового ритма или на урежение ритма желудочков. Рассмотрены возможности использования радиочастотной аблации предсердий и последующего приема антиаритмических препаратов с учетом существующих международных рекомендаций.
Ключевые слова: фибрилляция предсердий, старческий возраст, коморбидность, антиаритмические препараты, радиочастотная аблация.
Ключевые слова: фибрилляция предсердий, старческий возраст, коморбидность, антиаритмические препараты, радиочастотная аблация.
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Atrial fibrillation is the most common and clinically significant cardiac arrhythmias. Most patients with atrial fibrillation who need treatment are elderly persons with a comorbid pathology. The review article presents data on the choice of strategy and tactics for managing such patients, the selection of antiarrhythmic drug therapy aimed at restoring and maintaining the sinus rhythm, or at decreasing the ventricular rhythm frequensy. The possibilities of using radiofrequency ablation of atria and the subsequent administration of antiarrhythmic drugs are considered taking into account the existing international recommendations.
Key words: atrial fibrillation, senile age, comorbidity, antiarrhythmic drugs, radiofrequency ablation.
Key words: atrial fibrillation, senile age, comorbidity, antiarrhythmic drugs, radiofrequency ablation.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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70. Themistoclakis S, Schweikert RA, Saliba WI et al. Clinical predictors and relationship between early and late atrial tachyarrhythmias after pulmonary vein antrum isolation. Heart Rhythm 2008; 5 (5): 679–85.
71. Miwa Y, Minamiguchi Н, Bhandari АК et al. Cannom Amiodarone reduces the amount of ablation during catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation. J Europace 2014; 16: 1007–14.
72. Catheter Ablation vs. Antiarrhythmic Drug Treatment of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial (SARA Study). 2013.
73. Тарасов А.В., Давтян К.В., Махинова М.М. Результаты применения пропафенона в раннем послеоперационном периоде катетерной радиочастотной изоляции устьев легочных вен для предупреждения ранних предсердных тахиаритмий. CardioСоматика. 2015; 6 (2): 47–52. / Tarasov A.V., Davtian K.V., Makhinova M.M. Results of propafenone use in early postoperative period after pulmonary veinscatheter radiofrequency isolation for prevention of early atrial tachyarrhythmias. Cardiosomatics. 2015; 6 (2): 47–52. [in Russian]
74. Gu J, Liu X, Tan H et al. Extensive antiarrhythmic drugs after catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation. Acta Cardiol 2012; 67 (4): 407–14.
75. Verma A, Kilicaslan F, Pisano E et al. Response of atrial fibrillation to pulmonary vein antrum isolation is directly related to resumption and delay of pulmonary vein conduction. Circulation 2005; 112 (5): 627–35.
76. Berkowitsch A, Greiss H, Vukajlovic D et al. Usefulness of atrial fibrillation burden as a predictor for success of pulmonary vein isolation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2005; 28 (12): 1292–301.
77. Baman TS, Gupta SK, Billakanty SR et al. Time to cardioversion of recurrent atrial arrhythmias after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and long-term clinical outcome. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2009; 20 (12): 1321–5.
78. Choi JI, Pak HN, Park JS et al. Clinical significance of early reccurrences of atrial tachycardia after atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2010; 1331–7.
79. Pappone C, Vicedomini G, Augello G et al. Radiofrequency catheter ablation and antiarrhythmic drug therapy: a prospective, randomized, 4-year follow-up trial: the APAF study Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2011; 4 (6): 808–14.
80. Nielsen JC, Johannessen А, Raatikainen P et al. Radiofrequency Ablation as Initial Therapy in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2012; 367: 1587–95.
81. Hummel J, Michaud G, Hoyt R et al. Phased RF ablation in persistent atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2014; 11: 202–9.
82. Reynolds MR, Walczak J, White SA et al. Improvements in symptoms and quality of life in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation treated with radiofrequency catheter ablation versus antiarrhythmic drugs. Irc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2010; 3 (6): 615–23.
83. Morillo CA, Verma A, Connolly SJ et al. RAAFT-2 Investigators. Radiofrequency ablation vs antiarrhythmic drugs as first-line treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (RAAFT-2): a randomized trial: JAMA 2014; 311 (22): 2337.
84. Moreno J, Zamorano JL. The CABANA trial. Eur Heart J 2014; 35 (29): 1908–9.
85. www.cabanatrial.org/the-cabana-research-trial, clinicaltrials.gov
[in Russian]
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4. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the framingham study. Stroke 1991; 22 (8): 983–8.
5. Ruigómez A, Johansson S, Wallander MA et al. Risk of mortality in a cohort of patients newly diagnosed with chronic atrial fibrillation. BMC Cardiovasc Dis 2002; 2: 5.
6. Kannel WB, Wolf PA, Benjamin EJ et al. Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: population-based estimates. Am J Cardiol 1998; 82 (8A): 2–9.
7. Eisen A, Christian TR et al. Sudden Cardiac Death in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5: e003735.
8. Golzari H, Cebul RD, Bahler RC. Atrial fibrillation: restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm and indications for anticoagulation therapy. Ann Intern Med 1996; 125 (4): 311–23.
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11. Curtis B, Rich MW. Atrial fibrillation in the elderly: mechanisms and management. Heart Rhythm 2007; 124 (4): 1577–9.
12. Carlsson J, Miketic S, Windeler J et al. STAF Investigators Randomized trial of rate-control versus rhythm-control in persistent atrial fibrillation: the Strategies of Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (STAF) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 41 (10): 1690–6.
13. The Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) Investigators. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2002; 347 (23): 1825–33.
14. Hohnloser SH, Kuck KH, Lilienthal J. Rhythm or rate control in atrial fibrillation – pharmacological intervention in atrial fibrillation (PIAF): a randomised trial. Lancet 2000; 9244 (356): 1789–94.
15. Hagens VE, Crijns HJ, Van Veldhuisen DJ et al. RAte Control versus Electrical cardioversion for persistent atrial fibrillation study group Rate control versus rhythm control for patients with persistent atrial fibrillation with mild to moderate heart failure: results from the RAte Control versus Electrical cardioversion (RACE) study. Am Heart J 2005; 149 (6): 1106–11.
16. Corley SD, Epstein AE, DiMarco JP et al. Relationships between sinus rhythm, treatment, and survival in the atrial fibrillation follow-up investigation of rhythm management (AFFIRM) study. Circulation 2004; 109 (12): 509–1513.
17. Ionescu-Ittu R, Abrahamowicz M, Jackevicius CA et al. Comparative effectiveness of rhythm control vs rate control drug treatment effect on mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. Arch Intern Med 2012; 172: 997–1004.
18. Friberg L, Hammar N, Edvardsson N et al. The prognosis of patients with atrial fibrillation is improved when sinus rhythm is restored: report from the Stockholm Cohort of Atrial Fibrillation (SCAF). Heart 2009; 95 (12): 1000–5.
19. Shelton RJ, Clark AL, Goode K et al. A randomised, controlled study of rate versus rhythm control in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and heart failure: (CAFE-II Study). Heart 2009; 95 (11): 924–30.
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22. Karamichalakis N, Letsas KP, Vlachos K et al. Managing atrial fibrillation in the very elderly patient: challenges and solutions. Vasc Health Risk Management 2015; 11: 555–62.
23. Godtfredsen J. Physiology and pathophysiology of the atria: its role in atrial fibrillation. J Thrombos Thrombolys 1999; 7: 3–19.
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61. Chen SA, Tai CT. Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation originating from the non-pulmonary vein foci. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2005; 16 (2): 229–32.
62. Zado E, Callans D, Riley M et al. Long-Term Clinical Efficacy and Risk of Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in the Elderly. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2008; 19 (6): 621–6.
63. Haegeli M, Duru F, Lockwood E et al. Ablation of atrial fibrillation after the retirement age: considerations on safety and outcome. J Int Card Electrophysiol 2010, 28 (3): 193–7.
64. Tan HW, Wang XH, Shi HF et al. Efficacy, safety and outcome of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in octogenarians. Int J Card 2010; 145 (1): 147–8.
65. Nademanee K, Amnueypol M, Lee F et al. Benefits and risks of catheter ablation in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2015; 12 (1): 44–51.
66. Lim T, Day J, Weiss P et al. More Aggressive Left Atrial Ablation in Elderly Patients does not Increase Procedural Complications and Favorably Impacts Outcomes. J Innovat Card Rhythm Management 2011; 2: 206–11.
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68. Fedorova M.Kh., Chapurnykh A.V., Nizhnichenko N.B. i dr. Effektivnost' i bezopasnost' radiochastotnoi kateternoi ablatsii mertsatel'noi aritmii u patsientov starcheskogo vozrasta. Klin. praktika. 2017; 2: 34–9. [in Russian]
69. Andrade JG, Khairy P, Verma A et al. Early recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias following radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2012; 35 (1): 106–16.
70. Themistoclakis S, Schweikert RA, Saliba WI et al. Clinical predictors and relationship between early and late atrial tachyarrhythmias after pulmonary vein antrum isolation. Heart Rhythm 2008; 5 (5): 679–85.
71. Miwa Y, Minamiguchi Н, Bhandari АК et al. Cannom Amiodarone reduces the amount of ablation during catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation. J Europace 2014; 16: 1007–14.
72. Catheter Ablation vs. Antiarrhythmic Drug Treatment of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial (SARA Study). 2013.
73. Tarasov A.V., Davtian K.V., Makhinova M.M. Results of propafenone use in early postoperative period after pulmonary veinscatheter radiofrequency isolation for prevention of early atrial tachyarrhythmias. Cardiosomatics. 2015; 6 (2): 47–52. [in Russian]
74. Gu J, Liu X, Tan H et al. Extensive antiarrhythmic drugs after catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation. Acta Cardiol 2012; 67 (4): 407–14.
75. Verma A, Kilicaslan F, Pisano E et al. Response of atrial fibrillation to pulmonary vein antrum isolation is directly related to resumption and delay of pulmonary vein conduction. Circulation 2005; 112 (5): 627–35.
76. Berkowitsch A, Greiss H, Vukajlovic D et al. Usefulness of atrial fibrillation burden as a predictor for success of pulmonary vein isolation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2005; 28 (12): 1292–301.
77. Baman TS, Gupta SK, Billakanty SR et al. Time to cardioversion of recurrent atrial arrhythmias after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and long-term clinical outcome. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2009; 20 (12): 1321–5.
78. Choi JI, Pak HN, Park JS et al. Clinical significance of early reccurrences of atrial tachycardia after atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2010; 1331–7.
79. Pappone C, Vicedomini G, Augello G et al. Radiofrequency catheter ablation and antiarrhythmic drug therapy: a prospective, randomized, 4-year follow-up trial: the APAF study Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2011; 4 (6): 808–14.
80. Nielsen JC, Johannessen А, Raatikainen P et al. Radiofrequency Ablation as Initial Therapy in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2012; 367: 1587–95.
81. Hummel J, Michaud G, Hoyt R et al. Phased RF ablation in persistent atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2014; 11: 202–9.
82. Reynolds MR, Walczak J, White SA et al. Improvements in symptoms and quality of life in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation treated with radiofrequency catheter ablation versus antiarrhythmic drugs. Irc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2010; 3 (6): 615–23.
83. Morillo CA, Verma A, Connolly SJ et al. RAAFT-2 Investigators. Radiofrequency ablation vs antiarrhythmic drugs as first-line treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (RAAFT-2): a randomized trial: JAMA 2014; 311 (22): 2337.
84. Moreno J, Zamorano JL. The CABANA trial. Eur Heart J 2014; 35 (29): 1908–9.
85. www.cabanatrial.org/the-cabana-research-trial, clinicaltrials.gov
[in Russian]
2. Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vaziri SM et al. Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort: the Framingham Heart Study. JAMA 1994; 271 (11): 840–4.
3. Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the anticoagulation and risk factors in atrial fibrillation (ATRIA) study. JAMA 2001; 285 (18): 2370–5.
4. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the framingham study. Stroke 1991; 22 (8): 983–8.
5. Ruigómez A, Johansson S, Wallander MA et al. Risk of mortality in a cohort of patients newly diagnosed with chronic atrial fibrillation. BMC Cardiovasc Dis 2002; 2: 5.
6. Kannel WB, Wolf PA, Benjamin EJ et al. Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: population-based estimates. Am J Cardiol 1998; 82 (8A): 2–9.
7. Eisen A, Christian TR et al. Sudden Cardiac Death in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5: e003735.
8. Golzari H, Cebul RD, Bahler RC. Atrial fibrillation: restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm and indications for anticoagulation therapy. Ann Intern Med 1996; 125 (4): 311–23.
9. Преображенский Д.В., Сидоренко Б.А. Медикаментозное лечение мерцания предсердий. М., 2003; с. 41. / Preobrazhenskii D.V., Sidorenko B.A. Medikamentoznoe lechenie mertsaniia predserdii. M., 2003; s. 41. [in Russian]
10. Calkins H, Kuck KH, Cappato R et al. 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS Expert Consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and follow-up, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design. Europace 2012; 14 (4): 528–606.
11. Curtis B, Rich MW. Atrial fibrillation in the elderly: mechanisms and management. Heart Rhythm 2007; 124 (4): 1577–9.
12. Carlsson J, Miketic S, Windeler J et al. STAF Investigators Randomized trial of rate-control versus rhythm-control in persistent atrial fibrillation: the Strategies of Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (STAF) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 41 (10): 1690–6.
13. The Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) Investigators. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2002; 347 (23): 1825–33.
14. Hohnloser SH, Kuck KH, Lilienthal J. Rhythm or rate control in atrial fibrillation – pharmacological intervention in atrial fibrillation (PIAF): a randomised trial. Lancet 2000; 9244 (356): 1789–94.
15. Hagens VE, Crijns HJ, Van Veldhuisen DJ et al. RAte Control versus Electrical cardioversion for persistent atrial fibrillation study group Rate control versus rhythm control for patients with persistent atrial fibrillation with mild to moderate heart failure: results from the RAte Control versus Electrical cardioversion (RACE) study. Am Heart J 2005; 149 (6): 1106–11.
16. Corley SD, Epstein AE, DiMarco JP et al. Relationships between sinus rhythm, treatment, and survival in the atrial fibrillation follow-up investigation of rhythm management (AFFIRM) study. Circulation 2004; 109 (12): 509–1513.
17. Ionescu-Ittu R, Abrahamowicz M, Jackevicius CA et al. Comparative effectiveness of rhythm control vs rate control drug treatment effect on mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. Arch Intern Med 2012; 172: 997–1004.
18. Friberg L, Hammar N, Edvardsson N et al. The prognosis of patients with atrial fibrillation is improved when sinus rhythm is restored: report from the Stockholm Cohort of Atrial Fibrillation (SCAF). Heart 2009; 95 (12): 1000–5.
19. Shelton RJ, Clark AL, Goode K et al. A randomised, controlled study of rate versus rhythm control in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and heart failure: (CAFE-II Study). Heart 2009; 95 (11): 924–30.
20. Ушкалова Е.А., Ткачева О.Н., Рунихина Н.К. и др. Особенности фармакотерапии у пожилых пациентов. Введение в проблему. Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2016; 12 (1): 94–100. / Ushkalova E.A., Tkacheva O.N., Runikhina N.K. i dr. Osobennosti farmakoterapii u pozhilykh patsientov. Vvedenie v problemu. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia v kardiologii. 2016; 12 (1): 94–100. [in Russian]
21. Chen J, Hocini M, Bjerregaard T et al. Clinical management of arrhythmias in elderly patients: results of the European Heart Rhythm Association survey. Europace 2015; 17: 314–17.
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Авторы
В.Л.Дощицин*, М.Х.Федорова
ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента РФ. 121359, Россия, Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, д. 19
*vlad.dos@mail.r*
ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента РФ. 121359, Россия, Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, д. 19
*vlad.dos@mail.r*
________________________________________________
V.L.Doschitsin*, M.H.Fedorova
Central State Medical Academy of the Administrative Department of the President of the Russian Federation. 121359, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Marshala Timoshenko, d. 19
*vlad.dos@mail.ru
Central State Medical Academy of the Administrative Department of the President of the Russian Federation. 121359, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Marshala Timoshenko, d. 19
*vlad.dos@mail.ru
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