1. Monsour HP Jr, Quigley EM. The Microbiome: What Will the Future Hold? Semin Liver Dis 2016; 36 (4): 354–9.
2. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management. Ed. M.Feldman, L.S.Friedman, L.J.Brandt. 10th ed. 2015.
3. Маев И.В., Дичева Д.Т., Андреев Д.Н. Роль пробиотиков в коррекции нарушений кишечной микрофлоры. Врач. 2012; 8: 51–5. / Maev I.V., Dicheva D.T., Andreev D.N. Rol' probiotikov v korrektsii narushenii kishechnoi mikroflory. Vrach. 2012; 8: 51–5. [in Russian]
4. Ардатская М.Д. Синдром избыточного бактериального роста. М.: Форте принт, 2011. / Ardatskaia M.D. Sindrom izbytochnogo bakterial'nogo rosta. M.: Forte print, 2011. [in Russian]
5. Елагин Р.И. Дисбактериоз кишечника. Provisorum. 2002; 5: 13–5. / Elagin R.I. Disbakterioz kishechnika. Provisorum. 2002; 5: 13–5. [in Russian]
6. Ардатская М.Д., Минушкин О.Н. Дисбактериоз кишечника: эволюция взглядов. Гастроэнтерология (Прил. к журн. Consilium Medicum). 2006; 2: 4–18. / Ardatskaia M.D., Minushkin O.N. Disbakterioz kishechnika: evoliutsiia vzgliadov. Gastroenterologiia (Pril. k zhurn. Consilium Medicum). 2006; 2: 4–18. [in Russian]
7. Урсова Н.И. Базовые функции кишечной микрофлоры и формирование микробиоценоза у детей. Практика педиатра. 2006; 3: 30–7. / Ursova N.I. Bazovye funktsii kishechnoi mikroflory i formirovanie mikrobiotsenoza u detei. Praktika pediatra. 2006; 3: 30–7. [in Russian]
8. Shanahan F. The host-microbe interface within the gut. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2002; 16: 915–31.
9. O’Hara AM, Shanahan F. Gut microbiota: mining for therapeutic potential. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 5: 274–84.
10. Ni J, Wu GD, Albenberg L, Tomov VT. Gut microbiota and IBD: causation or correlation? Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 14 (10): 573–84.
11. Hall AB, Tolonen AC, Xavier RJ. Human genetic variation and the gut microbiome in disease. Nat Rev Genet 2017; 18 (11): 690–9.
12. Maev IV, Andreev DN. Role of mutations in nod2/card15, atg16l1, and irgm in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease. Int J Biomed 2014; 4 (1): 7–10.
13. Маев И.В., Андреев Д.Н., Ракитина Д.В., Байкова Ю.П. Роль дефектов аутофагии и значение адгезивно-инвазивных Escherichia coli в генезе болезни Крона. Рос. журн. гепатологии, гастроэнтерологии, колопроктологии. 2015; 3: 61–9. / Maev I.V., Andreev D.N., Rakitina D.V., Baikova Iu.P. Rol' defektov autofagii i znachenie adgezivno-invazivnykh Escherichia coli v geneze bolezni Krona. Ros. zhurn. gepatologii, gastroenterologii, koloproktologii. 2015; 3: 61–9. [in Russian]
14. Youmans BP, Ajami NJ, Jiang ZD et al. Characterization of the human gut microbiome during travelers' diarrhea. Gut Microbes 2015; 6 (2): 110–9.
15. Gorkiewicz G, Thallinger GG, Trajanoski S et al. Alterations in the colonic microbiota in response to osmotic diarrhea. PLoS One 2013; 8 (2): e55817.
16. Pozuelo M, Panda S, Santiago A et al. Reduction of butyrate- and methane-producing microorganisms in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Sci Rep 2015; 5: 12693.
17. Rakitina DV, Manolov AI, Kanygina AV et al. Genome analysis of E. coli isolated from Crohn's disease patients. BMC Genomics 2017; 18 (1): 544.
18. Reid G. Regulatory and clinical aspects of dairy probiotics. FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria. Cordoba, Argentina, 2001; p. 1–34.
19. Sebastián Domingo JJ. Review of the role of probiotics in gastrointestinal diseases in adults. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 40 (6): 417–29.
20. Hemarajata P, Versalovic J. Effects of probiotics on gut microbiota: Mechanisms of intestinal immunomodulation and neuromodulation. Their Adv Gastroenterol 2013; 6: 
39–51.
21. Madsen K, Cornish A, Soper P et al. Probiotic bacteria enhance murine and human intestinal epithelial barrier function. Gastroenterology 2001; 121: 580–91.
22. Sakata T. Stimulatory effect of short-chain fatty acids on epithelial cell proliferation in the rat intestine: A possible explanation for trophic effects of fermentable fibre, gut microbes and luminal trophic factors. Br J Nutr 1987; 58: 95–103.
23. Lomax AR, Calder PC. Prebiotics, immune function, infection and inflammation: A rewiew of the evidence. Br J Nutr 2008; p. 1–26.
24. Guandalini S. Probiotics for prevention and treatment of diarrhea. J Clin Gastroenterol 2011; 45: S149–S151.
25. Thomas DW, Greer FR, Committee on Nutrition. Clinical Report-Probiotics and prebiotics in pediatrics. Pediatrics 2010; 125: 1217–227.
26. Allen Sj, Martinez EG, Gregorio GV, Dans LF. Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010.
27. Bae JM. Prophylactic efficacy of probiotics on travelers' diarrhea: an adaptive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Epidemiol Health 2018; 40: e2018043.
28. Hempel S, Newberry SJ, Maher AR et al. Probiotics for the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2012; 307: 1959–69.
29. Johnston BC, Ma SSY, Goldenberg JZ et al. Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. A systematic review nd meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2012; 157: 878–88.
30. Zhang Y, Li L, Guo C et al. Effects of probiotic type, dose and treatment duration on irritable bowel syndrome diagnosed by Rome III criteria: a meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 2016; 16 (1): 62.
31. Андреев Д.Н., Дичева Д.Т., Маев И.В. Возможности оптимизации эрадикационной терапии инфекции Helicobacter pylori в современной клинической практике. Терапевтический архив. 2017; 2: 76–83. / Andreev D.N., Dicheva D.T., Maev I.V. Vozmozhnosti optimizatsii eradikatsionnoi terapii infektsii Helicobacter pylori v sovremennoi klinicheskoi praktike. Therapeutic archive. 2017; 2: 76–83. [in Russian]
32. Маев И.В., Андреев Д.Н. Инфекция Helicobacter pylori и ассоциированные заболевания. М.: Ремедиум, 2018. / Maev I.V., Andreev D.N. Infektsiia Helicobacter pylori i assotsiirovannye zabolevaniia. M.: Remedium, 2018. [in Russian]
33. Кучерявый Ю.А., Андреев Д.Н., Баркалова Е.В. Клинико-молекулярные аспекты резистентности Helicobacter pylori к антибактериальным препаратам. Мед. совет. 2013; 10: 11–5. / Kucheriavyi Iu.A., Andreev D.N., Barkalova E.V. Kliniko-molekuliarnye aspekty rezistentnosti Helicobacter pylori k antibakterial'nym preparatam. Med. sovet. 2013; 10: 11–5. [in Russian]
34. Zou J, Dong J, Yu X. Meta-analysis: Lactobacillus containing quadruple therapy versus standard triple first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Helicobacter 2009; 14 (5): 97–107.
35. Szajewska H, Horvath A, Piwowarczyk A. Meta-analysis: the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation on Helicobacter pylori eradication rates and side effects during treatment. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32 (9): 1069–79.
36. Wang ZH, Gao QY, Fang JY. Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus-containing and Bifidobacterium-containing probiotic compound preparation in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. J Clin Gastroenterol 2013; 47 (1): 25–32.
37. Lv Z, Wang B, Zhou X et al. Efficacy and safety of probiotics as adjuvant agents for Helicobacter pylori infection: A meta-analysis. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9 (3): 707–16.
38. Андреева И.В., Стецюк О.У. Место пробиотиков в практических рекомендациях по гастроэнтерологии: реальность и ближайшие перспективы. Consilium Medicum. 2018; 20 (8): 67–72. / Andreeva I.V., Stetsyuk O.U. Probiotics in gastroenterology practical guidelines: reality and nearest perspectives. Consilium Medicum. 2018; 20 (8): 67–72. [in Russian]
39. Плотникова Е.Ю., Захарова Ю.В. Место пробиотиков в современной клинической практике. Педиатрия (Прил. к журн. Consilium Medicum). 2018; 1: 95–9. / Plotnikova E.Yu., Zakharova Yu.V. The place of probiotics in modern clinical practice. Pediatrics (Suppl. Consilium Medicum). 2018; 1: 95–9. [in Russian]
40. Piątek J. In vitro comparative study of stability and disintegration of capsules produced with the use of the MURE technology versus other probiotic capsules, in simulated gastric environment. http://maxilac.ru/include/docs/maxilac_mure_study.doc

________________________________________________

1. Monsour HP Jr, Quigley EM. The Microbiome: What Will the Future Hold? Semin Liver Dis 2016; 36 (4): 354–9.
2. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management. Ed. M.Feldman, L.S.Friedman, L.J.Brandt. 10th ed. 2015.
3. Маев И.В., Дичева Д.Т., Андреев Д.Н. Роль пробиотиков в коррекции нарушений кишечной микрофлоры. Врач. 2012; 8: 51–5. / Maev I.V., Dicheva D.T., Andreev D.N. Rol' probiotikov v korrektsii narushenii kishechnoi mikroflory. Vrach. 2012; 8: 51–5. [in Russian]
4. Ardatskaia M.D. Sindrom izbytochnogo bakterial'nogo rosta. M.: Forte print, 2011. [in Russian]
5. Elagin R.I. Disbakterioz kishechnika. Provisorum. 2002; 5: 13–5. [in Russian]
6. Ardatskaia M.D., Minushkin O.N. Disbakterioz kishechnika: evoliutsiia vzgliadov. Gastroenterologiia (Pril. k zhurn. Consilium Medicum). 2006; 2: 4–18. [in Russian]
7. Ursova N.I. Bazovye funktsii kishechnoi mikroflory i formirovanie mikrobiotsenoza u detei. Praktika pediatra. 2006; 3: 30–7. [in Russian]
8. Shanahan F. The host-microbe interface within the gut. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2002; 16: 915–31.
9. O’Hara AM, Shanahan F. Gut microbiota: mining for therapeutic potential. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 5: 274–84.
10. Ni J, Wu GD, Albenberg L, Tomov VT. Gut microbiota and IBD: causation or correlation? Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 14 (10): 573–84.
11. Hall AB, Tolonen AC, Xavier RJ. Human genetic variation and the gut microbiome in disease. Nat Rev Genet 2017; 18 (11): 690–9.
12. Maev IV, Andreev DN. Role of mutations in nod2/card15, atg16l1, and irgm in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease. Int J Biomed 2014; 4 (1): 7–10.
13. Maev I.V., Andreev D.N., Rakitina D.V., Baikova Iu.P. Rol' defektov autofagii i znachenie adgezivno-invazivnykh Escherichia coli v geneze bolezni Krona. Ros. zhurn. gepatologii, gastroenterologii, koloproktologii. 2015; 3: 61–9. [in Russian]
14. Youmans BP, Ajami NJ, Jiang ZD et al. Characterization of the human gut microbiome during travelers' diarrhea. Gut Microbes 2015; 6 (2): 110–9.
15. Gorkiewicz G, Thallinger GG, Trajanoski S et al. Alterations in the colonic microbiota in response to osmotic diarrhea. PLoS One 2013; 8 (2): e55817.
16. Pozuelo M, Panda S, Santiago A et al. Reduction of butyrate- and methane-producing microorganisms in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Sci Rep 2015; 5: 12693.
17. Rakitina DV, Manolov AI, Kanygina AV et al. Genome analysis of E. coli isolated from Crohn's disease patients. BMC Genomics 2017; 18 (1): 544.
18. Reid G. Regulatory and clinical aspects of dairy probiotics. FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria. Cordoba, Argentina, 2001; p. 1–34.
19. Sebastián Domingo JJ. Review of the role of probiotics in gastrointestinal diseases in adults. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 40 (6): 417–29.
20. Hemarajata P, Versalovic J. Effects of probiotics on gut microbiota: Mechanisms of intestinal immunomodulation and neuromodulation. Their Adv Gastroenterol 2013; 6: 
39–51.
21. Madsen K, Cornish A, Soper P et al. Probiotic bacteria enhance murine and human intestinal epithelial barrier function. Gastroenterology 2001; 121: 580–91.
22. Sakata T. Stimulatory effect of short-chain fatty acids on epithelial cell proliferation in the rat intestine: A possible explanation for trophic effects of fermentable fibre, gut microbes and luminal trophic factors. Br J Nutr 1987; 58: 95–103.
23. Lomax AR, Calder PC. Prebiotics, immune function, infection and inflammation: A rewiew of the evidence. Br J Nutr 2008; p. 1–26.
24. Guandalini S. Probiotics for prevention and treatment of diarrhea. J Clin Gastroenterol 2011; 45: S149–S151.
25. Thomas DW, Greer FR, Committee on Nutrition. Clinical Report-Probiotics and prebiotics in pediatrics. Pediatrics 2010; 125: 1217–227.
26. Allen Sj, Martinez EG, Gregorio GV, Dans LF. Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010.
27. Bae JM. Prophylactic efficacy of probiotics on travelers' diarrhea: an adaptive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Epidemiol Health 2018; 40: e2018043.
28. Hempel S, Newberry SJ, Maher AR et al. Probiotics for the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2012; 307: 1959–69.
29. Johnston BC, Ma SSY, Goldenberg JZ et al. Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. A systematic review nd meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2012; 157: 878–88.
30. Zhang Y, Li L, Guo C et al. Effects of probiotic type, dose and treatment duration on irritable bowel syndrome diagnosed by Rome III criteria: a meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 2016; 16 (1): 62.
31. Andreev D.N., Dicheva D.T., Maev I.V. Vozmozhnosti optimizatsii eradikatsionnoi terapii infektsii Helicobacter pylori v sovremennoi klinicheskoi praktike. Therapeutic archive. 2017; 2: 76–83. [in Russian]
32. Maev I.V., Andreev D.N. Infektsiia Helicobacter pylori i assotsiirovannye zabolevaniia. M.: Remedium, 2018. [in Russian]
33. Kucheriavyi Iu.A., Andreev D.N., Barkalova E.V. Kliniko-molekuliarnye aspekty rezistentnosti Helicobacter pylori k antibakterial'nym preparatam. Med. sovet. 2013; 10: 11–5. [in Russian]
34. Zou J, Dong J, Yu X. Meta-analysis: Lactobacillus containing quadruple therapy versus standard triple first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Helicobacter 2009; 14 (5): 97–107.
35. Szajewska H, Horvath A, Piwowarczyk A. Meta-analysis: the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation on Helicobacter pylori eradication rates and side effects during treatment. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32 (9): 1069–79.
36. Wang ZH, Gao QY, Fang JY. Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus-containing and Bifidobacterium-containing probiotic compound preparation in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. J Clin Gastroenterol 2013; 47 (1): 25–32.
37. Lv Z, Wang B, Zhou X et al. Efficacy and safety of probiotics as adjuvant agents for Helicobacter pylori infection: A meta-analysis. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9 (3): 707–16.
38. Андреева И.В., Стецюк О.У. Место пробиотиков в практических рекомендациях по гастроэнтерологии: реальность и ближайшие перспективы. Consilium Medicum. 2018; 20 (8): 67–72. / Andreeva I.V., Stetsyuk O.U. Probiotics in gastroenterology practical guidelines: reality and nearest perspectives. Consilium Medicum. 2018; 20 (8): 67–72. [in Russian]
39. Plotnikova E.Yu., Zakharova Yu.V. The place of probiotics in modern clinical practice. Pediatrics (Suppl. Consilium Medicum). 2018; 1: 95–9. [in Russian]
40. Piątek J. In vitro comparative study of stability and disintegration of capsules produced with the use of the MURE technology versus other probiotic capsules, in simulated gastric environment. http://maxilac.ru/include/docs/maxilac_mure_study.doc

Н.Г.Андреев*

ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова» Минздрава России. 127473, Россия, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1

*nicdoctor2009@yandex.ru

________________________________________________

N.G.Andreev*

A.I.Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 127473, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Delegatskaia, d. 20, str. 1

*nicdoctor2009@yandex.ru