Цели и возможности комбинированной гиполипидемической терапии цереброваскулярных заболеваний, ассоциированных с дислипидемией

1. Дюжева Е.В. Распространенность факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний среди населения разных стран. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2017; 5. http://www.science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=26898 
[Dyuzheva E.V. The prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among the population of different countries. Modern problems of science and education. 2017; 5. http://www.science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=26898 (in Russian).]
2. Здоровье населения и деятельность организаций здравоохранения КР за 2018 год. Республиканский медико-информационный центр МЗ КР. Бишкек, 2018.
[Health of the population and the activities of healthcare organizations of the Kyrgyz Republic in 2018. Republican Medical Information Center of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic. Bishkek, 2018 (in Russian).]
3. Муркамилов И.Т., Айтбаев К.А., Сабиров И.С. и др. Хроническая болезнь почек и цереброваскулярная патология. Дневник Казанской медицинской школы. 2017; 3: 75–80. 
[Murkamilov I.T., Aitbaev K.A., Sabirov I.S. et al. Chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular pathology. Diary of the Kazan Medical School. 2017; 3: 75–80 (in Russian).].
4. Ariyanti R, Besral B. Dyslipidemia associated with hypertension increases the risks for coronary heart disease: a case-control study in Harapan Kita Hospital, National Cardiovascular Center, Jakarta. J Lipids 2019; 2019: 2517013. DOI: 10.1155/2019/2517013
5. Williams RR, Hunt SC, Hopkins PN et al. Familial dyslipidemic hypertension: Evidence from 58 Utah families for a syndrome present in approximately 12% of patients with essential hypertension. JAMA 1988; 259: 3579–86. DOI: 10.1001/jama.259.24.3579
6. Сабиров И.С., Муркамилов И.Т., Фомин В.В. Дислипидемическая гипертензия: возможности комбинации статинов и эзетимиба (обзор литературы). Вестник Кыргызско-Российского Славянского университета. 2020; 20(5): 59–69.
[Sabirov I.S., Murkamilov I.T., Fomin V.V. Dyslipidemic hypertension: the possibilities of combining statins and ezetimibe (literature review). Bulletin of the Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University. 2020; 20(5): 59–69 (in Russian).]
7. Shahar E, Chambless LE, Rosamond WD et al. Plasma lipid profile and incident ischemic stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Stroke 2003; 34: 623–31. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000057812.51734.FF
8. Муркамилов И.Т., Сабиров И.С., Фомин В.В. и др. Взаимосвязь гипертриглицеридемии и типов ремоделирования левого желудочка у больных хронической болезнью почек. Терапевтический архив. 2019; 91 (6): 93–9. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.06.000047
[Murkamilov I.T., Sabirov I.S., Fomin V.V. et al. Interrelation of hypertriglyceridemia and types of left ventricular remodeling in patients with chronic kidney disease. Therapeutic Archive. 2019; 91 (6): 93–9. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.06.000047 (in Russian).]
9. Wang X, Dong Y, Qi X et al. Cholesterol levels and risk of hemorrhagic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Stroke 2013; 44: 1833–9. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001326
10. Chrostek L, Supronowicz L, Panasiuk A et al. The effect of the severity of liver cirrhosis on the level of lipids and lipoproteins. Clin Exp Med 2014; 14: 417–21. DOI: 10.1007/s10238-013-0262-5
11. Shor R, Wainstein J, Oz D et al. Low serum LDL cholesterol levels and the risk of fever, sepsis, and malignancy. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2007; 37: 343–8.
12. Amarenco P, Labreuche J, Touboul PJ. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and risk of stroke and carotid atherosclerosis: A systematic review. Atherosclerosis 2008; 196: 489–96. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.07.033
13. Tiozzo E, Gardener H, Hudson BI et al. High-density lipoprotein subfractions and carotid plaque: The Northern Manhattan Study. Atherosclerosis 2014; 237: 163–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.002
14. Chei CL, Yamagishi K, Kitamura A et al. High-density lipoprotein subclasses and risk of stroke and its subtypes in Japanese population: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study. Stroke 2013; 44: 327–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.002
15. Labreuche J, Deplanque D, Touboul PJ et al. Association between change in plasma triglyceride levels and risk of stroke and carotid atherosclerosis: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Atherosclerosis 2010; 212: 9–15. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.02.011
16. Wieberdink RG, Poels MM, Vernooij MW et al. Serum lipid levels and the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage: The Rotterdam Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31: 2982–9. DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.234948
17. Schreiner PJ, Heiss G, Tyroler HA et al. Race and gender differences in the association of Lp(a) with carotid artery wall thickness. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1996; 16: 471–8. DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.16.3.471
18. Ridker PM, Stampfer MJ, Hennekens CH. Plasma concentration of lipoprotein(a) and the risk of future stroke. JAMA 1995; 273: 1269–73. 
19. Gurdasani D, Sjouke B, Tsimikas S et al. Lipoprotein(a) and risk of coronary, cerebrovascular, and peripheral artery disease: The EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32: 3058–65. DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.255521
20. Ohira T, Schreiner PJ, Morrisett JD et al. Lipoprotein(a) and incident ischemic stroke: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Stroke 2006; 37: 1407–12. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000222666.21482.b6
21. Boden-Albala B, Kargman DE, Lin IF et al. Increased stroke risk and lipoprotein(a) in a multiethnic community: The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2010; 30: 237–43. DOI: 10.1159/000319065
22. Cui R, Iso H, Yamagishi K et al. High serum total cholesterol levels is a risk factor of ischemic stroke for general Japanese population: The JPHC study. Atherosclerosis 2012; 221: 565–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.01.013
23. Jeerakathil T, Wolf PA, Beiser A et al. Stroke Risk Profile Predicts White Matter Hyperintensity Volume: The Framingham Study. Stroke 2004; 35: 1857–61. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000135226.53499.85
24. Jimenez-Conde J, Biffi A, Rahman R et al. Hyperlipidemia and reduced white matter hyperintensity volume in patients with ischemic stroke. Stroke 2010; 41: 437–42. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.563502
25. Vernooij MW, van der Lugt A, Ikram MA et al. Prevalence and risk factors of cerebral microbleeds: The Rotterdam Scan Study. Neurology 2008; 70: 1208–14. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000307750.41970.d9
26. Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: A guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2014; 45: 2160–236. DOI: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000024
27. Kargman DE, Tuck C, Berglund L et al. Lipid and lipoprotein levels remain stable in acute ischemic stroke: The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study. Atherosclerosis 1998; 139: 391–9. DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(98)00085-9
28. Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63: 2889–934. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.002
29. Amarenco P, Labreuche J. Lipid management in the prevention of stroke: Review and updated meta-analysis of statins for stroke prevention. The Lancet. Neurology 2009; 8: 453–63. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70058-4
30. Муркамилов И., Айтбаев К., Фомин В. и др. Торможение прогрессирования почечной дисфункции и цереброваскулярных событий: возможности Аторвастатина. Фарматека. 2017; 348 (15): 74–82.
[Murkamilov I., Aitbaev K., Fomin V. et al. Inhibition of the progression of renal dysfunction and cerebrovascular events: possibilities of Atorvastatin. Farmateka. 2017; 348 (15): 74–82 (in Russian).]
31. Flint AC, Conell C, Ren X et al. Statin adherence is associated with reduced recurrent stroke risk in patients with or without atrial fibrillation. Stroke 2017; 48: 1788–94. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.017343
32. McKinney JS, Kostis WJ. Statin therapy and the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage: a meta-analysis of 31 randomized controlled trials. Stroke 2012; 43: 2149–56. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.655894 
33. François M, Colin B, Alberico LC et al. ESC Scientific Document Group, 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk: The Task Force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). Eur Heart J 2020; 41 (1): 111–88. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz455
34. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 360 (9326): 7–22. DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(02)09327-3 
35. Baigent C, Blackwell L, Emberson J et al. Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: A meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials. Lancet 2010; 376: 1670–81. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61350-5
36. Amarenco P, Bogousslavsky J, Callahan A et al. High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 549–59. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa061894
37. Bix GJ, Fraser JF, Mack WJ et al. Pennypacker. Uncovering the Rosetta Stone: Report from the First Annual Conference on Key Elements in Translating Stroke Therapeutics from Pre-Clinical to Clinical. Transl Stroke Res 2018; 9 (3): 258–66. DOI: 10.1007/s12975-018-0628-9
38. Lackland DT, Elkind MS, D’Agostino R et al. Inclusion of stroke in cardiovascular risk prediction instruments: A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2012; 43: 1998–2027. DOI: 10.1161/STR.0b013e31825bcdac
39. Elkind MS, Sacco RL, MacArthur RB et al. The neuroprotection with statin therapy for acute recovery trial (neustart): An adaptive design phase i dose-escalation study of high-dose lovastatin in acute ischemic stroke. Int J Stroke 2008; 3: 210–8. DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2008.00200.x
40. Catapano AL, Graham I, De Backer G et al. The Task Force for the Management of Dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR) 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidemias. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 2999–3058. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw272
41. Lavigne PM, Karas RH. The current state of niacin in cardiovascular disease prevention: A systematic review and meta-regression. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 61: 440–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.10.030
42. Bloomfield Rubins H, Davenport J, Babikian V et al. Reduction in stroke with gemfibrozil in men with coronary heart disease and low HDL cholesterol: The veterans affairs HDL intervention trial (va-hit). Circulation 2001; 103: 2828–33. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.103.23.2828
43. Jun M, Foote C, Lv J et al. Effects of fibrates on cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2010; 375: 1875–84. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60656-3
44. Сабиров И.С. Вторичная профилактика при хроническом коронарном синдроме: акцент на высокоинтенсивную гиполипидемическую терапию. The Scientific Heritage. 2020; 48 (2): 46–53.
[Sabirov I.S. Secondary prevention of chronic coronary syndrome: emphasis on high-intensity lipid-lowering therapy. The Scientific Heritage. 2020; 48 (2): 46–53 (in Russian).]
45. Сусеков А.В. Место эзетимиба в лечении дислипидемий и атеросклероза. Фарматека. 2004; 91 (14): 73–84.
[Susekov A.V. Place of ezetimibe in the treatment of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Farmateka. 2004; 91 (14): 73–84 (in Russian).]
46. Filippatos TD, Mikhailidis DP. Lipid-lowering drugs acting at the level of the gastrointestinal tract. Curr Pharm Des 2009; 15: 490–516. DOI: 10.2174/ 138161209787315738
47. Robinson JG. Nonstatins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors: role in non-familial hypercholesterolemia. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 59 (2): 165–71. DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2016.07.009
48. Bohula EA, Morrow DA, Giugliano RP et al. Atherothrombotic risk stratification and ezetimibe for secondary prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 69: 911–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.11.070
49. Watanabe E, Yamaguchi J, Arashi H et al. Effects of statin versus the combination of ezetimibe plus statin on serum lipid absorption markers in patients with acute coronary syndrome. J Lipids 2015; 109158. DOI: 10.1155/2015/109158
50. Gregory G. Schwartz, Who Should Receive Ezetimibe? J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 69 (8): 922–3. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.12.013
51. Hong SJ, Jeong HS, Ahn JC et al. A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Active Comparator Clinical Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Combination Therapy With Ezetimibe and Rosuvastatin Versus Rosuvastatin Monotherapy in Patients With Hypercholesterolemia: I-ROSETTE (Ildong Rosuvastatin & Ezetimibe for Hypercholesterolemia) Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Ther 2018; 40 (2): 226–41.e4. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.12.018
52. Сабиров И.С. Практические аспекты применения эзетимиба при неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. The Scientific Heritage. 2020; 47 (2): 50–7.
[Sabirov I.S. Practical aspects of ezetimibe use in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The Scientific Heritage. 2020; 47 (2): 50–7 (in Russian).]
53. Zhan S, Tang M, Liu F et al. Ezetimibe for the prevention of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality events. Cochrane Database System Rev 2018; 11: CD012502. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012502.pub2
54. McKenney JM, Koren MJ, Kereiakes DJ et al. Safety and efficacy of a monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 serine protease, sar236553/regn727, in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia receiving ongoing stable atorvastatin therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59: 2344–53. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.03.007
55. Navarese EP, Kolodziejczak M, Schulze V et al. Effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 antibodies in adults with hypercholesterolemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2015; 163: 40–51. DOI: 10.7326/M14-2957
56. Robinson JG, Farnier M, Krempf M et al. Efficacy and safety of alirocumab in reducing lipids and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 1489–99. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1501031
57. Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Wiviott SD et al. Efficacy and safety of evolocumab in reducing lipids and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 1500–9. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1500858

________________________________________________

1. Dyuzheva E.V. The prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among the population of different countries. Modern problems of science and education. 2017; 5. http://www.science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=26898 (in Russian).
2. Health of the population and the activities of healthcare organizations of the Kyrgyz Republic in 2018. Republican Medical Information Center of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic. Bishkek, 2018 (in Russian).
3. Murkamilov I.T., Aitbaev K.A., Sabirov I.S. et al. Chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular pathology. Diary of the Kazan Medical School. 2017; 3: 75–80 (in Russian).
4. Ariyanti R, Besral B. Dyslipidemia associated with hypertension increases the risks for coronary heart disease: a case-control study in Harapan Kita Hospital, National Cardiovascular Center, Jakarta. J Lipids 2019; 2019: 2517013. DOI: 10.1155/2019/2517013
5. Williams RR, Hunt SC, Hopkins PN et al. Familial dyslipidemic hypertension: Evidence from 58 Utah families for a syndrome present in approximately 12% of patients with essential hypertension. JAMA 1988; 259: 3579–86. DOI: 10.1001/jama.259.24.3579
6. Sabirov I.S., Murkamilov I.T., Fomin V.V. Dyslipidemic hypertension: the possibilities of combining statins and ezetimibe (literature review). Bulletin of the Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University. 2020; 20(5): 59–69 (in Russian).
7. Shahar E, Chambless LE, Rosamond WD et al. Plasma lipid profile and incident ischemic stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Stroke 2003; 34: 623–31. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000057812.51734.FF
8. Murkamilov I.T., Sabirov I.S., Fomin V.V. et al. Interrelation of hypertriglyceridemia and types of left ventricular remodeling in patients with chronic kidney disease. Therapeutic Archive. 2019; 91 (6): 93–9. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.06.000047 (in Russian).
9. Wang X, Dong Y, Qi X et al. Cholesterol levels and risk of hemorrhagic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Stroke 2013; 44: 1833–9. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001326
10. Chrostek L, Supronowicz L, Panasiuk A et al. The effect of the severity of liver cirrhosis on the level of lipids and lipoproteins. Clin Exp Med 2014; 14: 417–21. DOI: 10.1007/s10238-013-0262-5
11. Shor R, Wainstein J, Oz D et al. Low serum LDL cholesterol levels and the risk of fever, sepsis, and malignancy. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2007; 37: 343–8.
12. Amarenco P, Labreuche J, Touboul PJ. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and risk of stroke and carotid atherosclerosis: A systematic review. Atherosclerosis 2008; 196: 489–96. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.07.033
13. Tiozzo E, Gardener H, Hudson BI et al. High-density lipoprotein subfractions and carotid plaque: The Northern Manhattan Study. Atherosclerosis 2014; 237: 163–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.002
14. Chei CL, Yamagishi K, Kitamura A et al. High-density lipoprotein subclasses and risk of stroke and its subtypes in Japanese population: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study. Stroke 2013; 44: 327–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.002
15. Labreuche J, Deplanque D, Touboul PJ et al. Association between change in plasma triglyceride levels and risk of stroke and carotid atherosclerosis: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Atherosclerosis 2010; 212: 9–15. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.02.011
16. Wieberdink RG, Poels MM, Vernooij MW et al. Serum lipid levels and the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage: The Rotterdam Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31: 2982–9. DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.234948
17. Schreiner PJ, Heiss G, Tyroler HA et al. Race and gender differences in the association of Lp(a) with carotid artery wall thickness. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1996; 16: 471–8. DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.16.3.471
18. Ridker PM, Stampfer MJ, Hennekens CH. Plasma concentration of lipoprotein(a) and the risk of future stroke. JAMA 1995; 273: 1269–73. 
19. Gurdasani D, Sjouke B, Tsimikas S et al. Lipoprotein(a) and risk of coronary, cerebrovascular, and peripheral artery disease: The EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32: 3058–65. DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.255521
20. Ohira T, Schreiner PJ, Morrisett JD et al. Lipoprotein(a) and incident ischemic stroke: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Stroke 2006; 37: 1407–12. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000222666.21482.b6
21. Boden-Albala B, Kargman DE, Lin IF et al. Increased stroke risk and lipoprotein(a) in a multiethnic community: The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2010; 30: 237–43. DOI: 10.1159/000319065
22. Cui R, Iso H, Yamagishi K et al. High serum total cholesterol levels is a risk factor of ischemic stroke for general Japanese population: The JPHC study. Atherosclerosis 2012; 221: 565–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.01.013
23. Jeerakathil T, Wolf PA, Beiser A et al. Stroke Risk Profile Predicts White Matter Hyperintensity Volume: The Framingham Study. Stroke 2004; 35: 1857–61. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000135226.53499.85
24. Jimenez-Conde J, Biffi A, Rahman R et al. Hyperlipidemia and reduced white matter hyperintensity volume in patients with ischemic stroke. Stroke 2010; 41: 437–42. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.563502
25. Vernooij MW, van der Lugt A, Ikram MA et al. Prevalence and risk factors of cerebral microbleeds: The Rotterdam Scan Study. Neurology 2008; 70: 1208–14. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000307750.41970.d9
26. Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: A guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2014; 45: 2160–236. DOI: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000024
27. Kargman DE, Tuck C, Berglund L et al. Lipid and lipoprotein levels remain stable in acute ischemic stroke: The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study. Atherosclerosis 1998; 139: 391–9. DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(98)00085-9
28. Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63: 2889–934. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.002
29. Amarenco P, Labreuche J. Lipid management in the prevention of stroke: Review and updated meta-analysis of statins for stroke prevention. The Lancet. Neurology 2009; 8: 453–63. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70058-4
30. Murkamilov I., Aitbaev K., Fomin V. et al. Inhibition of the progression of renal dysfunction and cerebrovascular events: possibilities of Atorvastatin. Farmateka. 2017; 348 (15): 74–82 (in Russian).
31. Flint AC, Conell C, Ren X et al. Statin adherence is associated with reduced recurrent stroke risk in patients with or without atrial fibrillation. Stroke 2017; 48: 1788–94. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.017343
32. McKinney JS, Kostis WJ. Statin therapy and the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage: a meta-analysis of 31 randomized controlled trials. Stroke 2012; 43: 2149–56. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.655894 
33. François M, Colin B, Alberico LC et al. ESC Scientific Document Group, 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk: The Task Force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). Eur Heart J 2020; 41 (1): 111–88. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz455
34. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 360 (9326): 7–22. DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(02)09327-3 
35. Baigent C, Blackwell L, Emberson J et al. Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: A meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials. Lancet 2010; 376: 1670–81. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61350-5
36. Amarenco P, Bogousslavsky J, Callahan A et al. High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 549–59. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa061894
37. Bix GJ, Fraser JF, Mack WJ et al. Pennypacker. Uncovering the Rosetta Stone: Report from the First Annual Conference on Key Elements in Translating Stroke Therapeutics from Pre-Clinical to Clinical. Transl Stroke Res 2018; 9 (3): 258–66. DOI: 10.1007/s12975-018-0628-9
38. Lackland DT, Elkind MS, D’Agostino R et al. Inclusion of stroke in cardiovascular risk prediction instruments: A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2012; 43: 1998–2027. DOI: 10.1161/STR.0b013e31825bcdac
39. Elkind MS, Sacco RL, MacArthur RB et al. The neuroprotection with statin therapy for acute recovery trial (neustart): An adaptive design phase i dose-escalation study of high-dose lovastatin in acute ischemic stroke. Int J Stroke 2008; 3: 210–8. DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2008.00200.x
40. Catapano AL, Graham I, De Backer G et al. The Task Force for the Management of Dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR) 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidemias. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 2999–3058. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw272
41. Lavigne PM, Karas RH. The current state of niacin in cardiovascular disease prevention: A systematic review and meta-regression. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 61: 440–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.10.030
42. Bloomfield Rubins H, Davenport J, Babikian V et al. Reduction in stroke with gemfibrozil in men with coronary heart disease and low HDL cholesterol: The veterans affairs HDL intervention trial (va-hit). Circulation 2001; 103: 2828–33. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.103.23.2828
43. Jun M, Foote C, Lv J et al. Effects of fibrates on cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2010; 375: 1875–84. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60656-3
44. Sabirov I.S. Secondary prevention of chronic coronary syndrome: emphasis on high-intensity lipid-lowering therapy. The Scientific Heritage. 2020; 48 (2): 46–53 (in Russian).
45. Susekov A.V. Place of ezetimibe in the treatment of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Farmateka. 2004; 91 (14): 73–84 (in Russian).
46. Filippatos TD, Mikhailidis DP. Lipid-lowering drugs acting at the level of the gastrointestinal tract. Curr Pharm Des 2009; 15: 490–516. DOI: 10.2174/ 138161209787315738
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И.С. Сабиров1, И.Т. Муркамилов*1,2, В.В. Фомин3, Ф.А. Юсупов4

1 ГОУ ВПО «Кыргызско-Российский славянский университет им. Первого Президента Российской Федерации Б.Н. Ельцина», Бишкек, Кыргызстан;
2 Кыргызская государственная медицинская академия им. И.К. Ахунбаева, Бишкек, Кыргызстан;
3 ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия;
4 Ошский государственный университет, Ош, Кыргызстан
*murkamilov.i@mail.ru

________________________________________________

Ibragim S. Sabirov1, Ilkhom T. Murkamilov1,2, Viktor V. Fomin3, Furkat A. Yusupov4 

1 Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; 
2 Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan;
3 Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia;
4 Osh State University, Kyrgyzstan, Osh 
*murkamilov.i@mail.ru