1. Glassock RJ, Warnock DJ, Delanaye P. The global burden of chronic kidney disease: estimates, variability and pitfalls. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2017;13(2):104-11.
2. Cheng Y, Luo R, Wang K, et al. Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19. Kidney Int. 2020;97:829-37.
3. Столяревич Е.С., Фролова Н.Ф., Артюхина Л.Ю., Варясин В.В. Поражения почек при Covid-19: клинические и морфологические проявления почечной патологии у 220 пациентов, умерших от Covid-19. Нефрология и диализ. 2020;22:46-55 [Stoliarevich ES, Frolova NF, Artiukhina LIu, Variasin VV. Porazheniia pochek pri Covid-19: klinicheskie i morfologicheskie proiavleniia pochechnoi patologii u 220 patsientov, umershikh ot Covid-19. Nefrologiia i dializ. 2020;22:46-55 (in Russian)].
4. Томилина Н.А., Фролова Н.Ф., Артюхина Л.Ю., и др. COVID-19: связь с патологией почек. Обзор литературы. Нефрология и диализ. 2021;23(2):147-59 [Tomilina NA, Frolova NF, Artiukhina LIu, et al. COVID-19: sviaz' s patologiei pochek. Obzor literatury. Nefrologiia i dializ. 2021;23(2):147-59 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.28996/2618-9801-2021-2-147-159
5. Heda R, Yazawa M, Shi M, et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver and chronic kidney disease: retrospect, introspect and prospect. World J Gastroenterol. 2021;27(17):1874-82.
6. Северова М.М., Сагинова Е.А., Галлямов М.Г., и др. Клинико-патогенетическая характеристика кардиоренального синдрома при неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. Терапевтический архив. 2012;84(6):15-20 [Severova MM, Saginova EA, Gallyamov MG, et al. Clinicopathogenetic characteristics of cardiorenal syndrome in non-alcoholic fatty disease of the liver. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2012;84(6):15-20 (in Russian)].
7. Park H, Dawwas GK, Liu X, Nguyen MH. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease increases risk of incident chronic kidney disease: a propensity-matched cohort study. J Intern Med. 2019;286(6):711-22.
8. Wijarnpreecha K, Thongprayoon K, Scribani M, et al. Noninvasive fibrosis markers and chronic kidney disease among adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver in the USA. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;30(4):404-10.
9. Cai X, Sun L, Liu X, et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2021;12:20406223211024361. DOI:10.1177/20406223211024361
10. Chinnadurai R, Ritchie J, Green D, Kalra PA. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2019;34(3):449-57.
11. Orth SR, Hallah SI. Smoking – a risk factor for progression of chronic kidney disease and for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in renal patients: absence of evidence or evidence of absence? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3(1):226-36.
12. Provenzano M, Serra R, Michael A, et al. Smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):14778.
13. Lee S, Kang S, Joo YS, et al. Smoking, smoking cessation and progression of chronic kidney disease: results from KNOW-CKD Study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2021;23(1):92-8.
14. Ricardo AC, Anderson CA, Yang W, et al.; CRIC Study Investigators. Healthy lifestyle and risk of chronic kidney disease progression, atherosclerotic events and death in CKD: findings from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015;65(3):412-24.
15. Jo W, Lee S, Joo YS, et al. Association of smoking with the incident CKD risk in general population: a community-based study. PloS One. 2020;15(8):e0238111.
16. Rebholz CM, Young BA, Katz R, et al. Patterns of Beverages Consumed and Risk of Incident Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019;14(1):49-56.
17. Saldana TM, Basso O, Darden R, Sandler DP. Carbonated beverages and chronic kidney disease. Epidemiology. 2007;18(4):501-6.
18. Siquera JH, Mill JG, Velasquez-Melendez G, et al. Sugar-Sweetened Soft Drinks and Fructose Consumption Are Associated with Hyperuricemia: Cross-Sectional Analysis from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Nutrients. 2018;10(8):281.
19. Хроническая болезнь почек (ХБП). Клинические рекомендации 2021. Режим доступа: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/469_2. Ссылка активна на 13.08.2021 [Khronicheskaia bolezn' pochek (KhBP). Klinicheskie rekomendatsii 2021. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/469_2. Accessed: 13.08.2021 (in Russian)].
20. Tomasello S. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism and Chronic Kidney Disease. Diabetes Spectrum. 2008;21(1):19-25. DOI:10.2337/diaspect.21.1.19
21. Levin A, Bakris GL, Molitch M, et al. Prevalence of abnormal serum vitamin D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus in patients with chronic kidney disease: results of the study to evaluate early kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2007;71(1):31-8.
22. Wolf M. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and the future of phosphorus management. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2009;18(6):463-8. DOI:10.1097/MNH.0b013e328331a8c8
23. Kuro-O M. The FGF23 and Klotho system beyond mineral metabolism. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2017;21(Suppl. 1):64-9. DOI:10.1007/s10157-016-1357-6
24. Liu S, Quarles LD. How fibroblast growth factor 23 works. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18(6):1637-47.
25. Isakova T, Wolf MS. FGF23 or PTH: which comes first in CKD? Kidney Int. 2010;78(10):947-9. DOI:10.1038/ki.2010.281
26. Zhang T, Ju H, Chen H, Wen H. Comparison of paricalcitol and calcitriol in dialysis patients with chronic hyperparathyreoidism: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ther Apher Dial. 2019;23(1):73-9.
27. Xie Yu, Su P, Sun Y, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of paricalcitol versus vitamin D receptor activators for dialysis patients with chronic hyperparathyreoidism: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BCM Nephrol. 2017;18(1):272.
28. Donate-Correa J, Domínguez-Pimentel V, Muros-de-Fuentes M, et al. Beneficial effects of selective vitamin D receptor activation by paricalcitol in chronic kidney disease. Curr Drug Targets. 2014;15(7):703-9.
29. Zoccali C, Curatola G, Pannucio V, et al. Paracalcitol and endothelial function in chronic kidney disease trial. Hypertension. 2014;64(5):1004-11.
30. Giakoumis M, Tsiofis C, Dimitriasis K, et al. Effect of oral paricalcitol therapy of arterial stiffness and osteopontin in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease and secondary hyperparathyreoidism. Helenic J Cardiol. 2019;60(2):108-13.
31. Hojs N, Bevs S, Balon BP, et al. Paracalcitol reduces proteinuria in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients. Ther Apher Dial. 2013;17(4):368-72.
32. D’Arrigo G, Pizzini P, Cutrupi C, et al. FGF23 and the paricalcitol response to paricalcitol in chronic kidney disease. Eur J Clin Invest. 2020;50(2):e13196.
33. Adeney KL, Siscovick DS, Ix JH, et al. Association of serum phosphate with vascular and valvular calcification in moderate CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20(2):381-7. DOI:10.1681/ASN.2008040349
34. Ohno I, Yamaguchi Y, Saikawa H, et al. Sevelamer decreases serum uric acid concentration through adsorption of uric acid in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Intern Med. 2009;48(6):415-20. DOI:10.2169/internalmedicine.48.1817
35. Oliveira RB, Cancela AL, Graciolli FG, et al. Early control of PTH and FGF23 in normophosphatemic CKD patients: a new target in CKD-MBD therapy? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010;5(2):286-91. DOI:10.2215/CJN.05420709
36. Brønden A, Mikkelsen K, Sonne DP, et al. Glucose-lowering effects and mechanisms of the bile acid-sequestering resin sevelamer. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018;20(7):1623-31. DOI:10.1111/dom.13272
37. Stenvinkel P, Heimbürger O, Paultre F, et al. Strong association between malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 1999;55(5):1899-911. DOI:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00422.x
38. Sun PP, Perianayagam MC, Jaber BL. Endotoxin-binding affinity of sevelamer: a potential novel anti-inflammatory mechanism. Kidney Int. 2009;76(Suppl. 114):S20-5. DOI:10.1038/KI.2009.403
39. Lenglet A, Fabresse N, Taupin M, et al. Does the Administration of Sevelamer or Nicotinamide Modify Uremic Toxins or Endotoxemia in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients? Drugs. 2019;79:855-62. DOI:10.1007/s40265-019-01118-9

________________________________________________

1. Glassock RJ, Warnock DJ, Delanaye P. The global burden of chronic kidney disease: estimates, variability and pitfalls. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2017;13(2):104-11.
2. Cheng Y, Luo R, Wang K, et al. Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19. Kidney Int. 2020;97:829-37.
3. Stoliarevich ES, Frolova NF, Artiukhina LIu, Variasin VV. Porazheniia pochek pri Covid-19: klinicheskie i morfologicheskie proiavleniia pochechnoi patologii u 220 patsientov, umershikh ot Covid-19. Nefrologiia i dializ. 2020;22:46-55 (in Russian).
4. Tomilina NA, Frolova NF, Artiukhina LIu, et al. COVID-19: sviaz' s patologiei pochek. Obzor literatury. Nefrologiia i dializ. 2021;23(2):147-59 (in Russian). DOI:10.28996/2618-9801-2021-2-147-159
5. Heda R, Yazawa M, Shi M, et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver and chronic kidney disease: retrospect, introspect and prospect. World J Gastroenterol. 2021;27(17):1874-82.
6. Severova MM, Saginova EA, Gallyamov MG, et al. Clinicopathogenetic characteristics of cardiorenal syndrome in non-alcoholic fatty disease of the liver. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2012;84(6):15-20 (in Russian).
7. Park H, Dawwas GK, Liu X, Nguyen MH. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease increases risk of incident chronic kidney disease: a propensity-matched cohort study. J Intern Med. 2019;286(6):711-22.
8. Wijarnpreecha K, Thongprayoon K, Scribani M, et al. Noninvasive fibrosis markers and chronic kidney disease among adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver in the USA. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;30(4):404-10.
9. Cai X, Sun L, Liu X, et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2021;12:20406223211024361. DOI:10.1177/20406223211024361
10. Chinnadurai R, Ritchie J, Green D, Kalra PA. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2019;34(3):449-57.
11. Orth SR, Hallah SI. Smoking – a risk factor for progression of chronic kidney disease and for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in renal patients: absence of evidence or evidence of absence? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3(1):226-36.
12. Provenzano M, Serra R, Michael A, et al. Smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):14778.
13. Lee S, Kang S, Joo YS, et al. Smoking, smoking cessation and progression of chronic kidney disease: results from KNOW-CKD Study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2021;23(1):92-8.
14. Ricardo AC, Anderson CA, Yang W, et al.; CRIC Study Investigators. Healthy lifestyle and risk of chronic kidney disease progression, atherosclerotic events and death in CKD: findings from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015;65(3):412-24.
15. Jo W, Lee S, Joo YS, et al. Association of smoking with the incident CKD risk in general population: a community-based study. PloS One. 2020;15(8):e0238111.
16. Rebholz CM, Young BA, Katz R, et al. Patterns of Beverages Consumed and Risk of Incident Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019;14(1):49-56.
17. Saldana TM, Basso O, Darden R, Sandler DP. Carbonated beverages and chronic kidney disease. Epidemiology. 2007;18(4):501-6.
18. Siquera JH, Mill JG, Velasquez-Melendez G, et al. Sugar-Sweetened Soft Drinks and Fructose Consumption Are Associated with Hyperuricemia: Cross-Sectional Analysis from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Nutrients. 2018;10(8):281.
19. Khronicheskaia bolezn' pochek (KhBP). Klinicheskie rekomendatsii 2021. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/469_2. Accessed: 13.08.2021 (in Russian).
20. Tomasello S. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism and Chronic Kidney Disease. Diabetes Spectrum. 2008;21(1):19-25. DOI:10.2337/diaspect.21.1.19
21. Levin A, Bakris GL, Molitch M, et al. Prevalence of abnormal serum vitamin D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus in patients with chronic kidney disease: results of the study to evaluate early kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2007;71(1):31-8.
22. Wolf M. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and the future of phosphorus management. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2009;18(6):463-8. DOI:10.1097/MNH.0b013e328331a8c8
23. Kuro-O M. The FGF23 and Klotho system beyond mineral metabolism. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2017;21(Suppl. 1):64-9. DOI:10.1007/s10157-016-1357-6
24. Liu S, Quarles LD. How fibroblast growth factor 23 works. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18(6):1637-47.
25. Isakova T, Wolf MS. FGF23 or PTH: which comes first in CKD? Kidney Int. 2010;78(10):947-9. DOI:10.1038/ki.2010.281
26. Zhang T, Ju H, Chen H, Wen H. Comparison of paricalcitol and calcitriol in dialysis patients with chronic hyperparathyreoidism: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ther Apher Dial. 2019;23(1):73-9.
27. Xie Yu, Su P, Sun Y, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of paricalcitol versus vitamin D receptor activators for dialysis patients with chronic hyperparathyreoidism: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BCM Nephrol. 2017;18(1):272.
28. Donate-Correa J, Domínguez-Pimentel V, Muros-de-Fuentes M, et al. Beneficial effects of selective vitamin D receptor activation by paricalcitol in chronic kidney disease. Curr Drug Targets. 2014;15(7):703-9.
29. Zoccali C, Curatola G, Pannucio V, et al. Paracalcitol and endothelial function in chronic kidney disease trial. Hypertension. 2014;64(5):1004-11.
30. Giakoumis M, Tsiofis C, Dimitriasis K, et al. Effect of oral paricalcitol therapy of arterial stiffness and osteopontin in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease and secondary hyperparathyreoidism. Helenic J Cardiol. 2019;60(2):108-13.
31. Hojs N, Bevs S, Balon BP, et al. Paracalcitol reduces proteinuria in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients. Ther Apher Dial. 2013;17(4):368-72.
32. D’Arrigo G, Pizzini P, Cutrupi C, et al. FGF23 and the paricalcitol response to paricalcitol in chronic kidney disease. Eur J Clin Invest. 2020;50(2):e13196.
33. Adeney KL, Siscovick DS, Ix JH, et al. Association of serum phosphate with vascular and valvular calcification in moderate CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20(2):381-7. DOI:10.1681/ASN.2008040349
34. Ohno I, Yamaguchi Y, Saikawa H, et al. Sevelamer decreases serum uric acid concentration through adsorption of uric acid in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Intern Med. 2009;48(6):415-20. DOI:10.2169/internalmedicine.48.1817
35. Oliveira RB, Cancela AL, Graciolli FG, et al. Early control of PTH and FGF23 in normophosphatemic CKD patients: a new target in CKD-MBD therapy? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010;5(2):286-91. DOI:10.2215/CJN.05420709
36. Brønden A, Mikkelsen K, Sonne DP, et al. Glucose-lowering effects and mechanisms of the bile acid-sequestering resin sevelamer. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018;20(7):1623-31. DOI:10.1111/dom.13272
37. Stenvinkel P, Heimbürger O, Paultre F, et al. Strong association between malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 1999;55(5):1899-911. DOI:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00422.x
38. Sun PP, Perianayagam MC, Jaber BL. Endotoxin-binding affinity of sevelamer: a potential novel anti-inflammatory mechanism. Kidney Int. 2009;76(Suppl. 114):S20-5. DOI:10.1038/KI.2009.403
39. Lenglet A, Fabresse N, Taupin M, et al. Does the Administration of Sevelamer or Nicotinamide Modify Uremic Toxins or Endotoxemia in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients? Drugs. 2019;79:855-62. DOI:10.1007/s40265-019-01118-9

В.В. Фомин*1, О.Н. Котенко2,3

1 ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия;
2 ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов», Москва, Россия;
3 ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница №52» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия
*fomin_v_v_1@staff.sechenov.ru

________________________________________________

Viktor V. Fomin*1, Oleg N. Kotenko2,3

1 Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia;
2 People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia;
3 Moscow City Clinical Hospital №52, Moscow, Russia
*fomin_v_v_1@staff.sechenov.ru