1. World Health Organization WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard. Available at: https://COVID19.who.int/ Accessed: 14.03.2023.
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Symptoms of coronavirus Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html. Accessed: 14.03.2023.
3. Khoza-Shangase K. Cochleovestibular findings linked to COVID-19: A scoping review for clinical care planning in South Africa. Afr J Commun Disord. 2022;69(2):e1-12. DOI:10.4102/sajcd.v69i2.899
4. Agyeman AA, Chin KL, Landersdorfer CB, et al. Smell and Taste Dysfunction in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2020;95(8):1621-31. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.05.030
5. Jafari Z, Kolb B, Mohajerani M. Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, and Dizziness in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Can J Neurol Sci. 2022;49(2):184-95. DOI:10.1017/cjn.2021.63
6. Abboud H, Abboud FZ, Kharbouch H, et al. COVID-19 and SARS-Cov-2 Infection: Pathophysiology and Clinical Effects on the Nervous System. World Neurosurg. 2020;140:49-53.  DOI:10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.193.
7. Özçelik Korkmaz M, Eğilmez OK, Özçelik MA, Güven M. Otolaryngological manifestations of hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021;278(5):1675-85. DOI:10.1007/s00405-020-06396-8
8. Mao L, Jin H, Wang M, et al. Neurologic Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Neurol. 2020;77(6):683-90.  DOI:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.1127
9. Wilson WR. The relationship of the herpesvirus family to sudden hearing loss: a prospective clinical study and literature review. Laryngoscope. 1986;96(8):870-7. DOI:10.1002/lary.1986.96.8.870 
10. Nomura Y, Kurata T, Saito K. Cochlear changes after herpes simplex virus infection. Acta Otolaryngol. 1985;99(3-4):419-27. DOI:10.3109/00016488509108933
11. Esaki S, Goshima F, Kimura H, et al. Auditory and vestibular defects induced by experimental labyrinthitis following herpes simplex virus in mice. Acta Otolaryngol. 2011;131(7):684-91.  DOI:10.3109/00016489.2010.546808
12. Yun N, Ronca S, Tamura A, et al. Animal Model of Sensorineural Hearing Loss Associated with Lassa Virus Infection. J Virol. 2015;90(6):2920-7. DOI:10.1128/JVI.02948-15
13. Cashman K, Wilkinson E, Zeng X, et al. Immune-Mediated Systemic Vasculitis as the Proposed Cause of Sudden-Onset Sensorineural Hearing Loss following Lassa Virus Exposure in Cynomolgus Macaques. mBio. 2018;9(5):e01896-18. DOI:10.1128/mBio.01896-18
14. Sriwijitalai W, Wiwanitkit V. Hearing loss and COVID-19: A note. Am J Otolaryngol. 2020;41(3):102473. DOI:10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102473
15. Karimi-Galougahi M, Naeini A, Raad N, et al. Vertigo and hearing loss during the COVID-19 pandemic – is there an association? Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2020;40(6):463-5. DOI:10.14639/0392-100X-N0820
16. Jacob J, Flannery W, Mostert C. Novel ENT triad of anosmia, ageusia and hearing impairment in COVID-19. Intern Med J. 2020;50(9):1155. DOI:10.1111/imj.14880
17. Degen C, Lenarz T, Willenborg K. Acute Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss After COVID-19 Pneumonia. Mayo Clin Proc. 2020;95(8):1801-3. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.05.034
18. Chern A, Famuyide A, Moonis G, Lalwani A. Bilateral Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Intralabyrinthine Hemorrhage in a Patient With COVID-19. Otol Neurotol. 2021;42(1):e10-4. DOI:10.1097/MAO.0000000000002860
19. Mustafa M. Audiological profile of asymptomatic COVID-19 PCR-positive cases. Am J Otolaryngol. 2020;41:102483.
20. Kilic O, Kalcioglu M, Cag Y, et al. Could sudden sensorineural hearing loss be the sole manifestation of COVID-19? An investigation into SARS-COV-2 in the etiology of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;97:208-11. DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.023
21. Viola P, Ralli M, Pisani D, et al. Tinnitus and equilibrium disorders in COVID-19 patients: preliminary results. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021;278(10):3725-30.
DOI:10.1007/s00405-020-06440-7
22. Malayala S, Mohan G, Vasireddy D, Atluri P. A case series of vestibular symptoms in positive or suspected COVID-19 patients. Infez Med. 2021;29(1):117-22.
23. Mat Q, Noël A, Loiselet L, et al. Vestibular Neuritis as Clinical Presentation of COVID-19. Ear Nose Throat J. 2021:145561321995021. DOI:10.1177/0145561321995021
24. Beukes EW, Baguley DM, Jacquemin L, et al. Changes in Tinnitus Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health. 2020;8:592878. DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2020.592878
25. Bykowski A, Logan T. Cinchonism. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2021. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559319/ Accessed: 14.03.2023.
26. Saniasiaya J, Kulasegarah J. Auditory Cinchonism in COVID Era. Ear Nose Throat J. 2020;99:597-8.
27. Ikeda A, Prince A, Chen J, et al. Macrolide-associated sensorineural hearing loss: a systematic review. Laryngoscope. 2018;128:228-36.
28. Alsowaida Y, Almulhim A, Oh M, et al. Sensorineural hearing loss with macrolide antibiotics exposure: a meta-analysis of the association. Int J Pharm Pract. 2021;29(1):21-8.  DOI:10.1111/ijpp.12670
29. Временные методические рекомендации «Профилактика и лечение новой короновирусной инфекции (COVID-19)». Версия 16 (18.08.2022). Режим доступа: https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/060/193/original/ВМР_COVID-19_V16.p.... Ссылка активна на 14.03.2023 [Interim guidelines "Prevention and treatment of novel coronovirus infection (COVID-19)". Version 16 (08/18/2022). Available at: https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/060/193/original/ВМР_COVID-19_V16.p.... Accessed: 14.03.2023  (in Russian)].
30. Williams B. Ototoxicity may be associated with protease inhibitor therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33:2100-2. 

________________________________________________

1. World Health Organization WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard. Available at: https://COVID19.who.int/ Accessed: 14.03.2023.
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Symptoms of coronavirus Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html. Accessed: 14.03.2023.
3. Khoza-Shangase K. Cochleovestibular findings linked to COVID-19: A scoping review for clinical care planning in South Africa. Afr J Commun Disord. 2022;69(2):e1-12. DOI:10.4102/sajcd.v69i2.899
4. Agyeman AA, Chin KL, Landersdorfer CB, et al. Smell and Taste Dysfunction in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2020;95(8):1621-31. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.05.030
5. Jafari Z, Kolb B, Mohajerani M. Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, and Dizziness in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Can J Neurol Sci. 2022;49(2):184-95. DOI:10.1017/cjn.2021.63
6. Abboud H, Abboud FZ, Kharbouch H, et al. COVID-19 and SARS-Cov-2 Infection: Pathophysiology and Clinical Effects on the Nervous System. World Neurosurg. 2020;140:49-53.  DOI:10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.193.
7. Özçelik Korkmaz M, Eğilmez OK, Özçelik MA, Güven M. Otolaryngological manifestations of hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021;278(5):1675-85. DOI:10.1007/s00405-020-06396-8
8. Mao L, Jin H, Wang M, et al. Neurologic Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Neurol. 2020;77(6):683-90.  DOI:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.1127
9. Wilson WR. The relationship of the herpesvirus family to sudden hearing loss: a prospective clinical study and literature review. Laryngoscope. 1986;96(8):870-7. DOI:10.1002/lary.1986.96.8.870 
10. Nomura Y, Kurata T, Saito K. Cochlear changes after herpes simplex virus infection. Acta Otolaryngol. 1985;99(3-4):419-27. DOI:10.3109/00016488509108933
11. Esaki S, Goshima F, Kimura H, et al. Auditory and vestibular defects induced by experimental labyrinthitis following herpes simplex virus in mice. Acta Otolaryngol. 2011;131(7):684-91.  DOI:10.3109/00016489.2010.546808
12. Yun N, Ronca S, Tamura A, et al. Animal Model of Sensorineural Hearing Loss Associated with Lassa Virus Infection. J Virol. 2015;90(6):2920-7. DOI:10.1128/JVI.02948-15
13. Cashman K, Wilkinson E, Zeng X, et al. Immune-Mediated Systemic Vasculitis as the Proposed Cause of Sudden-Onset Sensorineural Hearing Loss following Lassa Virus Exposure in Cynomolgus Macaques. mBio. 2018;9(5):e01896-18. DOI:10.1128/mBio.01896-18
14. Sriwijitalai W, Wiwanitkit V. Hearing loss and COVID-19: A note. Am J Otolaryngol. 2020;41(3):102473. DOI:10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102473
15. Karimi-Galougahi M, Naeini A, Raad N, et al. Vertigo and hearing loss during the COVID-19 pandemic – is there an association? Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2020;40(6):463-5. DOI:10.14639/0392-100X-N0820
16. Jacob J, Flannery W, Mostert C. Novel ENT triad of anosmia, ageusia and hearing impairment in COVID-19. Intern Med J. 2020;50(9):1155. DOI:10.1111/imj.14880
17. Degen C, Lenarz T, Willenborg K. Acute Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss After COVID-19 Pneumonia. Mayo Clin Proc. 2020;95(8):1801-3. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.05.034
18. Chern A, Famuyide A, Moonis G, Lalwani A. Bilateral Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Intralabyrinthine Hemorrhage in a Patient With COVID-19. Otol Neurotol. 2021;42(1):e10-4. DOI:10.1097/MAO.0000000000002860
19. Mustafa M. Audiological profile of asymptomatic COVID-19 PCR-positive cases. Am J Otolaryngol. 2020;41:102483.
20. Kilic O, Kalcioglu M, Cag Y, et al. Could sudden sensorineural hearing loss be the sole manifestation of COVID-19? An investigation into SARS-COV-2 in the etiology of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;97:208-11. DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.023
21. Viola P, Ralli M, Pisani D, et al. Tinnitus and equilibrium disorders in COVID-19 patients: preliminary results. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021;278(10):3725-30.
DOI:10.1007/s00405-020-06440-7
22. Malayala S, Mohan G, Vasireddy D, Atluri P. A case series of vestibular symptoms in positive or suspected COVID-19 patients. Infez Med. 2021;29(1):117-22.
23. Mat Q, Noël A, Loiselet L, et al. Vestibular Neuritis as Clinical Presentation of COVID-19. Ear Nose Throat J. 2021:145561321995021. DOI:10.1177/0145561321995021
24. Beukes EW, Baguley DM, Jacquemin L, et al. Changes in Tinnitus Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health. 2020;8:592878. DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2020.592878
25. Bykowski A, Logan T. Cinchonism. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2021. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559319/ Accessed: 14.03.2023.
26. Saniasiaya J, Kulasegarah J. Auditory Cinchonism in COVID Era. Ear Nose Throat J. 2020;99:597-8.
27. Ikeda A, Prince A, Chen J, et al. Macrolide-associated sensorineural hearing loss: a systematic review. Laryngoscope. 2018;128:228-36.
28. Alsowaida Y, Almulhim A, Oh M, et al. Sensorineural hearing loss with macrolide antibiotics exposure: a meta-analysis of the association. Int J Pharm Pract. 2021;29(1):21-8.  DOI:10.1111/ijpp.12670
29. Interim guidelines "Prevention and treatment of novel coronovirus infection (COVID-19)". Version 16 (08/18/2022). Available at: https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/060/193/original/ВМР_COVID-19_V16.p.... Accessed: 14.03.2023  (in Russian).
30. Williams B. Ototoxicity may be associated with protease inhibitor therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33:2100-2. 

А.Ю. Овчинников1, Н.А. Мирошниченко1, К.В. Савранская1, А.А. Зайцев*2,3

1 ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ФГБУ «Главный военный клинический госпиталь им. акад. Н.Н. Бурденко» Минобороны России, Москва, Россия;
3 ФГБОУ ВО «Российский биотехнологический университет (РОСБИОТЕХ)», Москва, Россия
*a-zaicev@yandex.ru

________________________________________________

Andrey Yu. Ovchinnikov1, Nina A. Miroshnichenko1, Kristina V. Savranskaya1, Andrey A. Zaitsev*2,3 

1 Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia;
2 Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia;
3 BIOTECH University, Moscow, Russia
*a-zaicev@yandex.ru