Poskakalova AE, Nasonova SN, Zhirov IV, Tereshchenko SN. SGLT-2 inhibitors in the management of acute decompensated heart failure. Consilium Medicum. 2024;26(10):649–655.
DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2024.10.202795
Ингибиторы НГКТ-2 в комплексной терапии острой декомпенсации сердечной недостаточности
Poskakalova AE, Nasonova SN, Zhirov IV, Tereshchenko SN. SGLT-2 inhibitors in the management of acute decompensated heart failure. Consilium Medicum. 2024;26(10):649–655.
DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2024.10.202795
Актуальность. Острая декомпенсация сердечной недостаточности (ОДСН) сопряжена с неблагоприятным прогнозом и низкой выживаемостью. Цель. Оценить 6-месячную эффективность раннего назначения дапаглифлозина пациентам с ОДСН со сниженной фракцией выброса левого желудочка (ФВ ЛЖ) по сравнению со стандартной терапией. Материалы и методы. Представлены результаты 6-месячного наблюдения 122 пациентов с ОДСН со сниженной ФВ ЛЖ (28±6%), разделенных в соотношении 50:50 на 2 группы: стандартной терапии (группа 1) и ингибитора натрий-глюкозного котранспортера 2-го типа – дапаглифлозина (группа 2). Дапаглифлозин назначался в дозе 10 мг в среднем через 24 (8–44) ч от госпитализации. Пациенты обеих групп получали внутривенную диуретическую терапию. В обеих группах преобладали мужчины (82 и 85,2%), большинство пациентов имели III функциональный класс СН (77 и 82%), группы не различались по наличию сахарного диабета 2-го типа (p=0,335). Анализировались показатели в момент включения в исследование, при достижении компенсации СН, через 6 мес. Результаты. Средняя дозировка внутривенного фуросемида в группе 1 составила 60 мг/сут, в группе 2 – 40 мг/сут (p=0,017). Суммарный диурез за первые 4 дня госпитализации в группе 2 был значимо выше – 9149±2897 мл, чем в группе 1 – 6841±1973 мл. Усиление диуретической терапии потребовалось 42,6% пациентов группы 1 и 24,6% пациентов группы 2 (p=0,035). Длительность госпитализации составила 13 и 8 койко-дней (p<0,001). За 6 мес наблюдения пациентов, госпитализированных по причине ОДСН, было больше в группе 1 (р=0,001), прием дапаглифлозина не оказал влияния на смертность (p=1). В группе 2 через 6 мес N-терминальный предшественник мозгового натрийуретического пептида снизился больше (p=0,009), увеличение ФВ ЛЖ также было более существенным (p=0,008). Дельта ФВ ЛЖ между поступлением и визитом через 6 мес в группе 1 составила 4%, в группе 2 – 6,5% (p=0,008). При выписке из стационара и через 6 мес в группе 2 наблюдались более низкие показатели систолического давления в легочной артерии, функциональный класс СН (p<0,05). Заключение. Результаты свидетельствуют об эффективности раннего назначения дапаглифлозина у пациентов с ОДСН со сниженной ФВ ЛЖ независимо от сахарного диабета 2-го типа на госпитальном этапе и при длительном наблюдении.
Ключевые слова: острая декомпенсация сердечной недостаточности, сахарный диабет 2-го типа, ингибиторы натрий-глюкозного котранспортера 2-го типа, дапаглифлозин
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Background. Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with an unfavorable prognosis and low survival of patients. Aim. Evaluation of the six-month efficacy of early dapagliflozin administration in patients with ADHF with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in comparison with standard therapy. Materials and methods. The results of the six-month follow-up of 122 patients with ADHF with a reduced LVEF (28±6%), who were divided equally into 2 groups: the standard therapy (group 1) and the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor – dapagliflozin (group 2). Dapagliflozin was prescribed at a dose of 10 mg by a mean of 24 (8–44) hours from admission to the hospital. Patients of both groups received intravenous diuretic therapy. The study mainly included male patients (82 and 85.2%, respectively), most patients were classified as NYHA class III (77 and 82%), the groups did not differ with respect to type 2 diabetes mellitus (p=0.335). The parameters were analyzed at the time of inclusion in the study and when ADHF compensation was achieved, and six months after discharge. Results. The average dosage of intravenous furosemide in group 1 was 60 mg/day, in group 2 – 40 mg/day (p=0.017). Cumulative urine output over first 4 day of hospitalization in group 2 was significantly higher – 9149±2897 ml than in group 1 – 6841±1973 ml. Higher doses of diuretics during hospitalization were required by 42.6% of patients in group 1 and 24.6% of patients in group 2 (p=0.035). The average length of hospital stay were 13 and 8 days, respectively (p<0.001). During the six months follow-up, the number of ADHF hospitalizations were significantly higher in group 1 (p=0.002), additional intake of dapagliflozin had no effect on mortality (p=1). The decrease in NT-proBNP level and increase in LVEF were more significant in group 2 after six months of therapy (p=0.006 and 0.008, respectively). The LVEF delta between admission to the hospital and a visit after six months in group 1 was 4%, in group 2 – 6.5%; p=0.008. At discharge from the hospital and after 6 months of therapy, group 2 patients had a lower rate of pulmonary artery systolic pressure and NYHA class of heart failure (p<0.05). Conclusion. The results indicate the efficacy of early dapagliflozin administration in patients with ADHF with a reduced LVEF, regardless of diabetes, both at the hospital stage and with long-term follow-up.
1. Chioncel O, Mebazaa A, Maggioni AP, et al; ESC-EORP-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry Investigators. Acute heart failure congestion and perfusion status – impact of the clinical classification on in-hospital and long-term outcomes; insights from the ESC-EORP-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(11):1338-52. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.1492
2. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2023 Focused Update of the 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(37):3627-39. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad195. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2024;45(1):53. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad613
3. McMurray JJV, Solomon SD, Inzucchi SE, et al; DAPA-HF Trial Committees and Investigators. Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(21):1995-2008. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1911303
4. Packer M, Anker SD, Butler J, et al; EMPEROR-Reduced Trial Investigators. Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure. N Engl J Med.
2020;383(15):1413-24. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2022190
5. Damman K, Beusekamp JC, Boorsma EM, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre pilot study on the effects of empagliflozin on clinical outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (EMPA-RESPONSE-AHF). Eur J Heart Fail. 2020;22(4):713-22. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.1713
6. Voors AA, Angermann CE, Teerlink JR, et al. The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: a multinational randomized trial. Nat Med. 2022;28(3):568-74. DOI:10.1038/s41591-021-01659-1
7. Tamaki S, Yamada T, Watanabe T, et al. Effect of Empagliflozin as an Add-On Therapy on Decongestion and Renal Function in Patients With Diabetes Hospitalized for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study. Circ Heart Fail. 2021;14(3):e007048. DOI:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.007048
8. Schulze PC, Bogoviku J, Westphal J, et al. Effects of Early Empagliflozin Initiation on Diuresis and Kidney Function in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (EMPAG-HF). Circulation. 2022;146(4):289-98. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059038
9. Szarek M, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, et al. Effect of Sotagliflozin on Total Hospitalizations in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Worsening Heart Failure: A Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174(8):1065-72. DOI:10.7326/M21-0651
10. Salah HM, Al'Aref SJ, Khan MS, et al. Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors initiation in patients with acute heart failure, with and without type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022;21(1):20. DOI:10.1186/s12933-022-01455-2
11. Emara AN, Wadie M, Mansour NO, Shams MEE. The clinical outcomes of dapagliflozin in patients with acute heart failure: A randomized controlled trial (DAPA-RESPONSE-AHF). Eur J Pharmacol. 2023;961:176179. DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176179
12. Cox ZL, Collins SP, Aaron M, et al. Efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in acute heart failure: Rationale and design of the DICTATE-AHF trial. Am Heart J. 2021;232:116-24. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2020.10.071
13. Saha A. Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin in Acute Heart Failure – DICTATE-AHF. August 28, 2023. Available at: https://www.acc.org/Latest-in-Cardiology/Clinical-Trials/2023/08/24/03/11/dictate-ahf. Accessed: 18.03.2024.
14. Поскакалова А.Е., Насонова С.Н., Жиров И.В., Терещенко С.Н. Безопасность раннего назначения дапаглифлозина у пациентов с острой декомпенсацией хронической сердечной недостаточности со сниженной фракцией выброса левого желудочка. Consilium Medicum. 2023;25(4):259-65 [Poskakalova AE, Nasonova SN, Zhirov IV, Tereshchenko SN. Safety of dapagliflozin initiation in acute decompensated heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Consilium Medicum. 2023;25(4):259-65 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.26442/20751753.2023.4.202263
15. Khatibzadeh S, Farzadfar F, Oliver J, et al. Worldwide risk factors for heart failure: a systematic review and pooled analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168(2):1186-94. DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.11.065
16. Targher G, Dauriz M, Laroche C, et al.; ESC-HFA HF Long-Term Registry investigators. In-hospital and 1-year mortality associated with diabetes in patients with acute heart failure: results from the ESC-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(1):54-65. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.679
17. Charaya K, Shchekochikhin D, Andreev D, et al. Impact of dapagliflozin treatment on renal function and diuretics use in acute heart failure: a pilot study. Open Heart. 2022;9(1):e001936. DOI:10.1136/openhrt-2021-001936
18. Bhatt DL, Szarek M, Steg PG, et al.; SOLOIST-WHF Trial Investigators. Sotagliflozin in Patients with Diabetes and Recent Worsening Heart Failure. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(2):117-28. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2030183
19. Lee MMY, Brooksbank KJM, Wetherall K, et al. Effect of Empagliflozin on Left Ventricular Volumes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, or Prediabetes, and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction (SUGAR-DM-HF). Circulation. 2021;143(6):516-25. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052186
20. McMurray JJV, Docherty KF, de Boer RA, et al. Effect of Dapagliflozin Versus Placebo on Symptoms and 6-Minute Walk Distance in Patients With Heart Failure: The DETERMINE Randomized Clinical Trials. Circulation. 2024;149(11):825-38. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.065061
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1. Chioncel O, Mebazaa A, Maggioni AP, et al; ESC-EORP-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry Investigators. Acute heart failure congestion and perfusion status – impact of the clinical classification on in-hospital and long-term outcomes; insights from the ESC-EORP-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(11):1338-52. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.1492
2. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2023 Focused Update of the 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(37):3627-39. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad195. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2024;45(1):53. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad613
3. McMurray JJV, Solomon SD, Inzucchi SE, et al; DAPA-HF Trial Committees and Investigators. Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(21):1995-2008. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1911303
4. Packer M, Anker SD, Butler J, et al; EMPEROR-Reduced Trial Investigators. Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure. N Engl J Med.
2020;383(15):1413-24. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2022190
5. Damman K, Beusekamp JC, Boorsma EM, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre pilot study on the effects of empagliflozin on clinical outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (EMPA-RESPONSE-AHF). Eur J Heart Fail. 2020;22(4):713-22. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.1713
6. Voors AA, Angermann CE, Teerlink JR, et al. The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: a multinational randomized trial. Nat Med. 2022;28(3):568-74. DOI:10.1038/s41591-021-01659-1
7. Tamaki S, Yamada T, Watanabe T, et al. Effect of Empagliflozin as an Add-On Therapy on Decongestion and Renal Function in Patients With Diabetes Hospitalized for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study. Circ Heart Fail. 2021;14(3):e007048. DOI:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.007048
8. Schulze PC, Bogoviku J, Westphal J, et al. Effects of Early Empagliflozin Initiation on Diuresis and Kidney Function in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (EMPAG-HF). Circulation. 2022;146(4):289-98. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059038
9. Szarek M, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, et al. Effect of Sotagliflozin on Total Hospitalizations in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Worsening Heart Failure: A Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174(8):1065-72. DOI:10.7326/M21-0651
10. Salah HM, Al'Aref SJ, Khan MS, et al. Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors initiation in patients with acute heart failure, with and without type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022;21(1):20. DOI:10.1186/s12933-022-01455-2
11. Emara AN, Wadie M, Mansour NO, Shams MEE. The clinical outcomes of dapagliflozin in patients with acute heart failure: A randomized controlled trial (DAPA-RESPONSE-AHF). Eur J Pharmacol. 2023;961:176179. DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176179
12. Cox ZL, Collins SP, Aaron M, et al. Efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in acute heart failure: Rationale and design of the DICTATE-AHF trial. Am Heart J. 2021;232:116-24. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2020.10.071
13. Saha A. Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin in Acute Heart Failure – DICTATE-AHF. August 28, 2023. Available at: https://www.acc.org/Latest-in-Cardiology/Clinical-Trials/2023/08/24/03/11/dictate-ahf. Accessed: 18.03.2024.
14. Poskakalova AE, Nasonova SN, Zhirov IV, Tereshchenko SN. Safety of dapagliflozin initiation in acute decompensated heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Consilium Medicum. 2023;25(4):259-65 (in Russian). DOI:10.26442/20751753.2023.4.202263
15. Khatibzadeh S, Farzadfar F, Oliver J, et al. Worldwide risk factors for heart failure: a systematic review and pooled analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168(2):1186-94. DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.11.065
16. Targher G, Dauriz M, Laroche C, et al.; ESC-HFA HF Long-Term Registry investigators. In-hospital and 1-year mortality associated with diabetes in patients with acute heart failure: results from the ESC-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(1):54-65. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.679
17. Charaya K, Shchekochikhin D, Andreev D, et al. Impact of dapagliflozin treatment on renal function and diuretics use in acute heart failure: a pilot study. Open Heart. 2022;9(1):e001936. DOI:10.1136/openhrt-2021-001936
18. Bhatt DL, Szarek M, Steg PG, et al.; SOLOIST-WHF Trial Investigators. Sotagliflozin in Patients with Diabetes and Recent Worsening Heart Failure. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(2):117-28. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2030183
19. Lee MMY, Brooksbank KJM, Wetherall K, et al. Effect of Empagliflozin on Left Ventricular Volumes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, or Prediabetes, and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction (SUGAR-DM-HF). Circulation. 2021;143(6):516-25. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052186
20. McMurray JJV, Docherty KF, de Boer RA, et al. Effect of Dapagliflozin Versus Placebo on Symptoms and 6-Minute Walk Distance in Patients With Heart Failure: The DETERMINE Randomized Clinical Trials. Circulation. 2024;149(11):825-38. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.065061
1ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. акад. Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия; 2ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*izhirov@mail.ru
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Anastasiya E. Poskakalova1, Svetlana N. Nasonova1, Igor V. Zhirov*1,2, Sergey N. Tereshchenko1
1Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia; 2Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
*izhirov@mail.ru