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Аденомиоз: клинические аспекты, влияние на фертильность и исходы беременности
Аденомиоз: клинические аспекты, влияние на фертильность и исходы беременности
Габидуллина Р.И., Купцова А.И., Кошельникова Е.А. и др. Аденомиоз: клинические аспекты, влияние на фертильность и исходы беременности. Гинекология. 2020; 22 (4): 55–61. DOI: 10.26442/20795696.2020.4.200264
DOI: 10.26442/20795696.2020.4.200264
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DOI: 10.26442/20795696.2020.4.200264
Материалы доступны только для специалистов сферы здравоохранения. Авторизуйтесь или зарегистрируйтесь.
Аннотация
Цель. Изучить современное состояние проблемы аденомиоза матки и влияние на репродуктивную функцию женщин.
Материал и методы. В статье представлен обзор литературы по результатам поиска исследований в электронных ресурсах MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library и Elibrary.
Результаты. Аденомиоз является распространенным, но недостаточно изученным заболеванием. Современные методы визуализации, такие как трансвагинальное ультразвуковое исследование и магнитно-резонансная томография, позволяют поставить диагноз на ранних стадиях заболевания и провести органосохраняющее лечение. Медикаментозное лечение аденомиоза требует разработки стратегии пожизненного ведения, выбор зависит от возраста женщины, репродуктивных планов и клинических симптомов. В настоящее время появились доказательства отрицательного воздействия аденомиоза на фертильность и исходы беременности. Диеногест, производное 19-нортестостерона, является прогестином с высокой селективностью к рецепторам прогестерона, оказывает гипогонадотропный эффект и антипролиферативное действие на эндометрий. Мягкий режим угнетения функции яичников создает адекватные условия кровоснабжения матки перед планированием беременности. Иммуномодулирующее действие прогестина может быть полезным для имплантации и защиты плода при беременности, возникающей после лечения. Терапия диеногестом повышает эффективность циклов экстракорпорального оплодотворения при аденомиозе разной степени тяжести.
Заключение. В обзоре обобщены аспекты распространенности, коморбидности, факторов риска, классификации, механизмов патогенеза, клинических проявлений, диагностики, лечения аденомиоза, влияние на фертильность и исходы беременности.
Ключевые слова: аденомиоз, бесплодие, беременность, диеногест
Material and methods. The article presents a systematic literature review on the results of research search in electronic databases MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Elibrary.
Results. Adenomyosis is a common but insufficiently studied disease. Modern imaging methods, such as transvaginal ultrasound and MRI, make it possible to diagnose adenomyosis at the early stages of the disease and perform the organ-preserving surgery. A medical treatment of adenomyosis requires to develop a lifelong management plan, the choice depends on the woman's age, reproductive status and clinical symptoms. Currently, there is evidence of a negative impact of adenomyosis on fertility and pregnancy outcomes. Dienogest, a 19-norsteroid derivative, is a progestin with high selectivity to progesterone receptors, it exerts a hypogonadotropic effect and an antiproliferative effect on the endometrium. A mild regime of supression of ovarian function provides adequate conditions for blood supply to the uterus before planning a pregnancy. The immunomodulating effect of progestin may be useful for implantation and fetal protection to pregnancies occurring after treatment. Dienogest treatment increases the effectiveness of IVF cycles for adenomyosis of varying severity.
Conclusion. The review summarizes the aspects of prevalence, comorbidity, risk factors, classification, mechanism of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment of adenomyosis, impact on fertility and pregnancy outcomes.
Key words: adenomyosis, infertility, pregnancy, dienogest.
Материал и методы. В статье представлен обзор литературы по результатам поиска исследований в электронных ресурсах MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library и Elibrary.
Результаты. Аденомиоз является распространенным, но недостаточно изученным заболеванием. Современные методы визуализации, такие как трансвагинальное ультразвуковое исследование и магнитно-резонансная томография, позволяют поставить диагноз на ранних стадиях заболевания и провести органосохраняющее лечение. Медикаментозное лечение аденомиоза требует разработки стратегии пожизненного ведения, выбор зависит от возраста женщины, репродуктивных планов и клинических симптомов. В настоящее время появились доказательства отрицательного воздействия аденомиоза на фертильность и исходы беременности. Диеногест, производное 19-нортестостерона, является прогестином с высокой селективностью к рецепторам прогестерона, оказывает гипогонадотропный эффект и антипролиферативное действие на эндометрий. Мягкий режим угнетения функции яичников создает адекватные условия кровоснабжения матки перед планированием беременности. Иммуномодулирующее действие прогестина может быть полезным для имплантации и защиты плода при беременности, возникающей после лечения. Терапия диеногестом повышает эффективность циклов экстракорпорального оплодотворения при аденомиозе разной степени тяжести.
Заключение. В обзоре обобщены аспекты распространенности, коморбидности, факторов риска, классификации, механизмов патогенеза, клинических проявлений, диагностики, лечения аденомиоза, влияние на фертильность и исходы беременности.
Ключевые слова: аденомиоз, бесплодие, беременность, диеногест
________________________________________________
Material and methods. The article presents a systematic literature review on the results of research search in electronic databases MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Elibrary.
Results. Adenomyosis is a common but insufficiently studied disease. Modern imaging methods, such as transvaginal ultrasound and MRI, make it possible to diagnose adenomyosis at the early stages of the disease and perform the organ-preserving surgery. A medical treatment of adenomyosis requires to develop a lifelong management plan, the choice depends on the woman's age, reproductive status and clinical symptoms. Currently, there is evidence of a negative impact of adenomyosis on fertility and pregnancy outcomes. Dienogest, a 19-norsteroid derivative, is a progestin with high selectivity to progesterone receptors, it exerts a hypogonadotropic effect and an antiproliferative effect on the endometrium. A mild regime of supression of ovarian function provides adequate conditions for blood supply to the uterus before planning a pregnancy. The immunomodulating effect of progestin may be useful for implantation and fetal protection to pregnancies occurring after treatment. Dienogest treatment increases the effectiveness of IVF cycles for adenomyosis of varying severity.
Conclusion. The review summarizes the aspects of prevalence, comorbidity, risk factors, classification, mechanism of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment of adenomyosis, impact on fertility and pregnancy outcomes.
Key words: adenomyosis, infertility, pregnancy, dienogest.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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2. Gordts S, Grimbizis G, Campo R. Symptoms and classification of uterine adenomyosis, including the place of hysteroscopy in diagnosis. Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 380–8.e1. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.006
3. Aleksandrovych V, Basta P, Gil K. Current facts constituting an understanding of the nature of adenomyosis. Adv Clin Exp Med 2019; 28 (6): 839–46. DOI: 10.17219/acem/79176
4. Donnez J, Donnez O, Dolmans MM. Introduction: Uterine adenomyosis, another enigmatic disease of our time. Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 369–70. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.035
5. Templeman C, Marshall SF, Ursin G et al. Adenomyosis and endometriosis in the California Teachers Study. Fertil Steril 2008; 90: 415–24. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.06.027
6. Riggs JC, Lim EK, Liang D, Bullwinkel R. Cesarean section as a risk factor for the development of adenomyosis uteri. J Reprod Med 2014; 59: 20–4.
7. García-Solares J, Donnez J, Donnez O, Dolmans MM. Pathogenesis of uterine adenomyosis: invagination or metaplasia? Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 371–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.12.030
8. Varras M, Polyzos D, Akrivis C. Effects of tamoxifen on the human female genital tract: review of the literature. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2003; 24: 258–68.
9. Parazzini F, Mais V, Cipriani S et al. Determinants of adenomyosis in women who underwent hysterectomy for benign gynecological conditions: results from a prospective multicentric study in Italy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2009; 143 (2): 103–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2008.12.010
10. Graziano A, Lo Monte G, Piva I. Diagnostic findings in adenomyosis: A pictorial review on the major concerns. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19 (7): 1146–54.
11. Horton J, Sterrenburg M, Lane S et al. Reproductive, obstetric, and perinatal outcomes of women with adenomyosis and endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2019; 25 (5): 592–632. DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmz012
12. Puente JM, Fabris A, Patel J et al. Adenomyosis in infertile women: prevalence and the role of 3D ultrasound as a marker of severity of the disease. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2016; 14 (1): 60. DOI: 10.1186/s12958-016-0185-6
13. Aleksandrovych V, Bereza T, Sajewicz M et al. Uterine fibroid: Common features of widespread tumor (Review article). Folia Med Cracov 2015; 55 (1): 61–75.
14. Kitawaki J. Adenomyosis: The pathophysiology of an oestrogen-dependent disease. Best Pract Rec Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2006; 20 (4): 493–502. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2006.01.010
15. Verit FF, Yucel O. Endometriosis, leiomyoma and adenomyosis: The risk of gynecologic malignancy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14 (10): 5589–97. DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.10.5589
16. Prathoomthong S, Tingthanatikul Y, Lertvikool S et al. The Effects of Dienogest on Macrophage and Natural Killer Cells in Adenomyosis: A Randomized Controlled Study. Int J Fertil Steril 2018; 11 (4): 279–86. DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5137
17. Hricak H, Alpers C, Crooks LE et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the female pelvis: initial experience. Am J Roentgenol 1983; 141: 1119–28. DOI: 10.2214/ajr.141.6.1119
18. Vannuccini S, Tosti C, Carmona F et al. Pathogenesis of adenomyosis: an update on molecular mechanisms. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 35: 592–601. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.06.016
19. Vercellini P, Bonfanti I, Berlanda N. Adenomyosis and infertility: is there a causal link? Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2019; 14 (6): 365–7. DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2019.1697675
20. Kang S, Zhao X, Xing H et al. Polymorphisms in the matrix metalloproteinase-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 and the risk of human adenomyosis. Environ Mol Mutagen 2008; 49: 226–31. DOI: 10.1002/em.20375
21. Ye H, He Y, Wang J et al. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase promoter polymorphisms on endometriosis and adenomyosis risk: evidence from a meta-analysis. J Genet 2016; 95: 611–9. DOI: 10.1007/s12041-016-0675-5/
22. Bazot M, Darai E. Role of transvaginal sonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of uterine adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 2018; 109: 389–97. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.024
23. Khan KN, Fujishita A, Koshiba A et al. Biological differences between intrinsic and extrinsic adenomyosis with coexisting deep infiltrating endometriosis. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 39 (2): 343–53.
24. Benaglia L, Cardellicchio L, Leonardi M et al. Asymptomatic adenomyosis and embryo implantation in IVF cycles. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 29 (5): 606–11. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.07.021
25. Mavrelos D, Holland TK, O'Donovan O et al. The impact of adenomyosis on the outcome of IVF-embryo transfer. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 35 (5): 549–54. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.06.026
26. Younes G, Tulandi T. Effects of adenomyosis on in vitro fertilization treatment outcomes: a meta-analysis. Fertil Steril 2017; 108 (3): 483–90.e3. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.06.025
27. Sharma S, Bathwal S, Agarwal N et al. Does presence of adenomyosis affect reproductive outcome in IVF cycles? A retrospective analysis of 973 patients. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 38 (1): 13–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.09.014
28. Vercellini P, Consonni D, Barbara G et al. Adenomyosis and reproductive performance after surgery for rectovaginal and colorectal endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 28 (6): 704–13. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.01.003/
29. Vannuccini S, Petraglia F. Recent advances in understanding and managing adenomyosis [version 1; referees: 2 approved] F1000Research 2019; 8: F1000 Faculty Rev–283. DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.17242.1
30. Vercellini P, Consonni D, Dridi D et al. Uterine adenomyosis and in vitro fertilization outcome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod 2014; 29 (5): 964–77. doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deu041
31. Savelyeva G.M. Gynecology. Ed. G.M. Savelyeva, G.T. Sukhikh, V.N. Serov et al. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2017 (in Russian).
32. Exacoustos C, Morosetti G, Conway F et al. New Sonographic Classification of Adenomyosis: Do Type and Degree of Adenomyosis Correlate to Severity of Symptoms? J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.788
33. Di Donato N, Bertoldo V, Montanari G et al. Question mark form of uterus: a simple sonographic sign associated to the presence of adenomyosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015; 46: 126–7. DOI: 10.1002/uog.14750
34. Andres MP, Borrelli GM, Ribeiro J et al. Transvaginal Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Adenomyosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018; 25 (2): 257–64. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2017.08.653
35. Soave I, Wenger J, Pluchino N, Marci R. Treatment options and reproductive outcome for adenomyosis-associated infertility. Curr Med Res Opin 2018; 34 (5): 839–49. DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2017.1393404
36. Bazot M, Cortez A, Darai E et al. Ultrasonography compared with magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of adenomyosis: correlation with histopathology. Hum Reprod 2001; 16: 2427–33. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/16.11.2427
37. Fedele L, Bianchi S, Frontino G. Hormonal treatments for adenomyosis. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2008; 22: 333–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2007.07.006
38. Pontis A, D'Alterio MN, Pirarba S et al. Adenomyosis: a systematic review of medical treatment. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; 3590: 1–5. DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2016.1197200
39. Grow DR, Filer RB. Treatment of adenomyosis with long-term GnRH analogues: A case report. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 78: 538–9.
40. Vannuccini S, Luisi S, Tosti C et al. Role of medical therapy in the management of uterine adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 398–405. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.013
41. Sasagawa S, Shimizu Y, Kami H et al. Dienogest is a selective progesterone receptor agonist in transactivation analysis with potent oral endometrial activity due to its efficient pharmacokinetic profile. Steroids 2008; 73: 222–31. DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2007.10.003
42. Takeuchi A, Koga K, Miyashita M et al. Dienogest reduces proliferation, NGF expression and nerve fiber density in human adenomyosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 207: 157–61. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.10.053
43. Khan KN, Kitajima M, Hiraki K et al. Changes in tissue inflammation, angiogenesis and apoptosis in endometriosis, adenomyosis and uterine myoma after GnRH agonist therapy. Hum Reprod 2010; 25 (3): 642–53. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep437
44. Mehasseb MK, Panchal R, Taylor AH et al. Estrogen and progesterone receptor isoform distribution through the menstrual cycle in uteri with and without adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 2011; 95 (7): 2228–35. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.02.051
45. Hirata T, Izumi G, Takamura M et al. Efficacy of dienogest in the treatment of symptomatic adenomyosis: a pilot study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2014; 30: 726–9. DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2014.926882
46. Osuga Y, Fujimoto-Okabe H, Hagino A. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of dienogest in the treatment of painful symptoms in patients with adenomyosis: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebocontrolled study. Fertil Steril 2017; 108: 673–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.021
47. Osuga Y, Watanabe M, Hagino A. Long-term use of dienogest in the treatment of painful symptoms in adenomyosis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2017; 43: 1441–8. DOI: 10.1111/jog.13406
48. Nagata C, Yanagida S, Okamoto A et al. Risk factors of treatment discontinuation due to uterine bleeding in adenomyosis patients treated with dienogest. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2012; 38: 639–44. DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2011.01778.x
49. Fawzy M, Mesbah Y. Comparison of dienogest versus triptorelin acetate in premenopausal women with adenomyosis: a prospective clinical trial. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 292: 1267–71. DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3755-5
50. Neriishi K, Hirata T, Fukuda S et al. Long-term dienogest administration in patients with symptomatic adenomyosis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018; 44 (8): 1439–4. DOI: 10.1111/jog.13674
51. Harada T, Khine YM, Kaponis A et al. The Impact of Adenomyosis on Women's Fertility. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2016; 71 (9): 557–68. DOI: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000346
52. Rocha TP, Andres MP, Borrelli GM, Abrão MS. Fertility-Sparing Treatment of Adenomyosis in Patients With Infertility: A Systematic Review of Current Options. Reprod Sci 2018; 25 (4): 480–6. DOI: 10.1177/1933719118756754
53. Strizhakov A.N., Davydov A.I. Miometriektomiia – metod vybora terapii bol'nykh adenomiozom v reproduktivnom periode. Akusherstvo i ginekologiia. 1995; 5: 31 (in Russian).
54. Wang PH, Yang TS, LeeWL et al. Treatment of infertile womenwith adenomyosis with a conservative microsurgical technique and a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. Fertil Steril 2000; 73: 1061–2.
55. Kogan I.Iu., Gerkulov D.A., Dzhemlikhanova L.Kh. et al. Effektivnost' protokolov eko u bol'nykh s tiazheloi stepen'iu endometrioza posle ad"iuvantnoi terapii dienogestom. Problemy reproduktsii. 2015; 21 (2): 39–44 (in Russian).
56. Hayashi A, Tanabe A, Kawabe S et al. Dienogest increases the progesterone receptor isoform B/A ratio in patients with ovarian endometriosis. J Ovarian Res 2012; 5: 31. DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-5-31
57. Vartanian E.V., Tsaturova K.A., Petukhova N.L. et al. Konservativnaia terapiia endometrioza pri podgotovke k lecheniiu besplodiia metodom ekstrakorporal'nogo oplodotvoreniia. Doktor.Ru. 2015; 1 (102): 21–5 (in Russian).
58. Infertility and endometriosis. Versions and contraversions. Ed. V.E. Radzinsky, M.R. Orazov. Moscow: Media Bureau Status Present, 2019 (in Russian).
2. Gordts S, Grimbizis G, Campo R. Symptoms and classification of uterine adenomyosis, including the place of hysteroscopy in diagnosis. Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 380–8.e1. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.006
3. Aleksandrovych V, Basta P, Gil K. Current facts constituting an understanding of the nature of adenomyosis. Adv Clin Exp Med 2019; 28 (6): 839–46. DOI: 10.17219/acem/79176
4. Donnez J, Donnez O, Dolmans MM. Introduction: Uterine adenomyosis, another enigmatic disease of our time. Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 369–70. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.035
5. Templeman C, Marshall SF, Ursin G et al. Adenomyosis and endometriosis in the California Teachers Study. Fertil Steril 2008; 90: 415–24. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.06.027
6. Riggs JC, Lim EK, Liang D, Bullwinkel R. Cesarean section as a risk factor for the development of adenomyosis uteri. J Reprod Med 2014; 59: 20–4.
7. García-Solares J, Donnez J, Donnez O, Dolmans MM. Pathogenesis of uterine adenomyosis: invagination or metaplasia? Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 371–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.12.030
8. Varras M, Polyzos D, Akrivis C. Effects of tamoxifen on the human female genital tract: review of the literature. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2003; 24: 258–68.
9. Parazzini F, Mais V, Cipriani S et al. Determinants of adenomyosis in women who underwent hysterectomy for benign gynecological conditions: results from a prospective multicentric study in Italy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2009; 143 (2): 103–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2008.12.010
10. Graziano A, Lo Monte G, Piva I. Diagnostic findings in adenomyosis: A pictorial review on the major concerns. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19 (7): 1146–54.
11. Horton J, Sterrenburg M, Lane S et al. Reproductive, obstetric, and perinatal outcomes of women with adenomyosis and endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2019; 25 (5): 592–632. DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmz012
12. Puente JM, Fabris A, Patel J et al. Adenomyosis in infertile women: prevalence and the role of 3D ultrasound as a marker of severity of the disease. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2016; 14 (1): 60. DOI: 10.1186/s12958-016-0185-6
13. Aleksandrovych V, Bereza T, Sajewicz M et al. Uterine fibroid: Common features of widespread tumor (Review article). Folia Med Cracov 2015; 55 (1): 61–75.
14. Kitawaki J. Adenomyosis: The pathophysiology of an oestrogen-dependent disease. Best Pract Rec Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2006; 20 (4): 493–502. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2006.01.010
15. Verit FF, Yucel O. Endometriosis, leiomyoma and adenomyosis: The risk of gynecologic malignancy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14 (10): 5589–97. DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.10.5589
16. Prathoomthong S, Tingthanatikul Y, Lertvikool S et al. The Effects of Dienogest on Macrophage and Natural Killer Cells in Adenomyosis: A Randomized Controlled Study. Int J Fertil Steril 2018; 11 (4): 279–86. DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5137
17. Hricak H, Alpers C, Crooks LE et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the female pelvis: initial experience. Am J Roentgenol 1983; 141: 1119–28. DOI: 10.2214/ajr.141.6.1119
18. Vannuccini S, Tosti C, Carmona F et al. Pathogenesis of adenomyosis: an update on molecular mechanisms. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 35: 592–601. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.06.016
19. Vercellini P, Bonfanti I, Berlanda N. Adenomyosis and infertility: is there a causal link? Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2019; 14 (6): 365–7. DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2019.1697675
20. Kang S, Zhao X, Xing H et al. Polymorphisms in the matrix metalloproteinase-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 and the risk of human adenomyosis. Environ Mol Mutagen 2008; 49: 226–31. DOI: 10.1002/em.20375
21. Ye H, He Y, Wang J et al. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase promoter polymorphisms on endometriosis and adenomyosis risk: evidence from a meta-analysis. J Genet 2016; 95: 611–9. DOI: 10.1007/s12041-016-0675-5/
22. Bazot M, Darai E. Role of transvaginal sonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of uterine adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 2018; 109: 389–97. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.024
23. Khan KN, Fujishita A, Koshiba A et al. Biological differences between intrinsic and extrinsic adenomyosis with coexisting deep infiltrating endometriosis. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 39 (2): 343–53.
24. Benaglia L, Cardellicchio L, Leonardi M et al. Asymptomatic adenomyosis and embryo implantation in IVF cycles. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 29 (5): 606–11. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.07.021
25. Mavrelos D, Holland TK, O'Donovan O et al. The impact of adenomyosis on the outcome of IVF-embryo transfer. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 35 (5): 549–54. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.06.026
26. Younes G, Tulandi T. Effects of adenomyosis on in vitro fertilization treatment outcomes: a meta-analysis. Fertil Steril 2017; 108 (3): 483–90.e3. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.06.025
27. Sharma S, Bathwal S, Agarwal N et al. Does presence of adenomyosis affect reproductive outcome in IVF cycles? A retrospective analysis of 973 patients. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 38 (1): 13–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.09.014
28. Vercellini P, Consonni D, Barbara G et al. Adenomyosis and reproductive performance after surgery for rectovaginal and colorectal endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 28 (6): 704–13. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.01.003/
29. Vannuccini S, Petraglia F. Recent advances in understanding and managing adenomyosis [version 1; referees: 2 approved] F1000Research 2019; 8: F1000 Faculty Rev–283. DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.17242.1
30. Vercellini P, Consonni D, Dridi D et al. Uterine adenomyosis and in vitro fertilization outcome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod 2014; 29 (5): 964–77. doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deu041
31. Савельева Г.М. Гинекология. Под ред. Г.М. Савельевой, Г.Т. Сухих, В.Н. Серова и др. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2017.
[Savelyeva G.M. Gynecology. Ed. G.M. Savelyeva, G.T. Sukhikh, V.N. Serov et al. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2017 (in Russian).]
32. Exacoustos C, Morosetti G, Conway F et al. New Sonographic Classification of Adenomyosis: Do Type and Degree of Adenomyosis Correlate to Severity of Symptoms? J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.788
33. Di Donato N, Bertoldo V, Montanari G et al. Question mark form of uterus: a simple sonographic sign associated to the presence of adenomyosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015; 46: 126–7. DOI: 10.1002/uog.14750
34. Andres MP, Borrelli GM, Ribeiro J et al. Transvaginal Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Adenomyosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018; 25 (2): 257–64. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2017.08.653
35. Soave I, Wenger J, Pluchino N, Marci R. Treatment options and reproductive outcome for adenomyosis-associated infertility. Curr Med Res Opin 2018; 34 (5): 839–49. DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2017.1393404
36. Bazot M, Cortez A, Darai E et al. Ultrasonography compared with magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of adenomyosis: correlation with histopathology. Hum Reprod 2001; 16: 2427–33. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/16.11.2427
37. Fedele L, Bianchi S, Frontino G. Hormonal treatments for adenomyosis. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2008; 22: 333–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2007.07.006
38. Pontis A, D'Alterio MN, Pirarba S et al. Adenomyosis: a systematic review of medical treatment. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; 3590: 1–5. DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2016.1197200
39. Grow DR, Filer RB. Treatment of adenomyosis with long-term GnRH analogues: A case report. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 78: 538–9.
40. Vannuccini S, Luisi S, Tosti C et al. Role of medical therapy in the management of uterine adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 398–405. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.013
41. Sasagawa S, Shimizu Y, Kami H et al. Dienogest is a selective progesterone receptor agonist in transactivation analysis with potent oral endometrial activity due to its efficient pharmacokinetic profile. Steroids 2008; 73: 222–31. DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2007.10.003
42. Takeuchi A, Koga K, Miyashita M et al. Dienogest reduces proliferation, NGF expression and nerve fiber density in human adenomyosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 207: 157–61. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.10.053
43. Khan KN, Kitajima M, Hiraki K et al. Changes in tissue inflammation, angiogenesis and apoptosis in endometriosis, adenomyosis and uterine myoma after GnRH agonist therapy. Hum Reprod 2010; 25 (3): 642–53. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep437
44. Mehasseb MK, Panchal R, Taylor AH et al. Estrogen and progesterone receptor isoform distribution through the menstrual cycle in uteri with and without adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 2011; 95 (7): 2228–35. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.02.051
45. Hirata T, Izumi G, Takamura M et al. Efficacy of dienogest in the treatment of symptomatic adenomyosis: a pilot study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2014; 30: 726–9. DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2014.926882
46. Osuga Y, Fujimoto-Okabe H, Hagino A. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of dienogest in the treatment of painful symptoms in patients with adenomyosis: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebocontrolled study. Fertil Steril 2017; 108: 673–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.021
47. Osuga Y, Watanabe M, Hagino A. Long-term use of dienogest in the treatment of painful symptoms in adenomyosis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2017; 43: 1441–8. DOI: 10.1111/jog.13406
48. Nagata C, Yanagida S, Okamoto A et al. Risk factors of treatment discontinuation due to uterine bleeding in adenomyosis patients treated with dienogest. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2012; 38: 639–44. DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2011.01778.x
49. Fawzy M, Mesbah Y. Comparison of dienogest versus triptorelin acetate in premenopausal women with adenomyosis: a prospective clinical trial. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 292: 1267–71. DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3755-5
50. Neriishi K, Hirata T, Fukuda S et al. Long-term dienogest administration in patients with symptomatic adenomyosis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018; 44 (8): 1439–4. DOI: 10.1111/jog.13674
51. Harada T, Khine YM, Kaponis A et al. The Impact of Adenomyosis on Women's Fertility. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2016; 71 (9): 557–68. DOI: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000346
52. Rocha TP, Andres MP, Borrelli GM, Abrão MS. Fertility-Sparing Treatment of Adenomyosis in Patients With Infertility: A Systematic Review of Current Options. Reprod Sci 2018; 25 (4): 480–6. DOI: 10.1177/1933719118756754
53. Стрижаков А.Н., Давыдов А.И. Миометриэктомия – метод выбора терапии больных аденомиозом в репродуктивном периоде. Акушерство и гинекология. 1995; 5: 31.
[Strizhakov A.N., Davydov A.I. Miometriektomiia – metod vybora terapii bol'nykh adenomiozom v reproduktivnom periode. Akusherstvo i ginekologiia. 1995; 5: 31 (in Russian).]
54. Wang PH, Yang TS, LeeWL et al. Treatment of infertile womenwith adenomyosis with a conservative microsurgical technique and a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. Fertil Steril 2000; 73: 1061–2.
55. Коган И.Ю., Геркулов Д.А., Джемлиханова Л.Х. и др. Эффективность протоколов эко у больных с тяжелой степенью эндометриоза после адъювантной терапии диеногестом. Проблемы репродукции. 2015; 21 (2): 39–44.
[Kogan I.Iu., Gerkulov D.A., Dzhemlikhanova L.Kh. et al. Effektivnost' protokolov eko u bol'nykh s tiazheloi stepen'iu endometrioza posle ad"iuvantnoi terapii dienogestom. Problemy reproduktsii. 2015; 21 (2): 39–44 (in Russian).]
56. Hayashi A, Tanabe A, Kawabe S et al. Dienogest increases the progesterone receptor isoform B/A ratio in patients with ovarian endometriosis. J Ovarian Res 2012; 5: 31. DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-5-31
57. Вартанян Э.В., Цатурова К.А., Петухова Н.Л. и др. Консервативная терапия эндометриоза при подготовке к лечению бесплодия методом экстракорпорального оплодотворения. Доктор.Ру. 2015; 1 (102): 21–5.
[Vartanian E.V., Tsaturova K.A., Petukhova N.L. et al. Konservativnaia terapiia endometrioza pri podgotovke k lecheniiu besplodiia metodom ekstrakorporal'nogo oplodotvoreniia. Doktor.Ru. 2015; 1 (102): 21–5 (in Russian).]
58. Бесплодие и эндометриоз. Версии и контраверсии. Под ред. В.Е. Радзинского, М.Р. Оразова. М.: Медиабюро Статус Презенс, 2019.
[Infertility and endometriosis. Versions and contraversions. Ed. V.E. Radzinsky, M.R. Orazov. Moscow: Media Bureau Status Present, 2019 (in Russian).]
________________________________________________
2. Gordts S, Grimbizis G, Campo R. Symptoms and classification of uterine adenomyosis, including the place of hysteroscopy in diagnosis. Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 380–8.e1. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.006
3. Aleksandrovych V, Basta P, Gil K. Current facts constituting an understanding of the nature of adenomyosis. Adv Clin Exp Med 2019; 28 (6): 839–46. DOI: 10.17219/acem/79176
4. Donnez J, Donnez O, Dolmans MM. Introduction: Uterine adenomyosis, another enigmatic disease of our time. Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 369–70. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.035
5. Templeman C, Marshall SF, Ursin G et al. Adenomyosis and endometriosis in the California Teachers Study. Fertil Steril 2008; 90: 415–24. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.06.027
6. Riggs JC, Lim EK, Liang D, Bullwinkel R. Cesarean section as a risk factor for the development of adenomyosis uteri. J Reprod Med 2014; 59: 20–4.
7. García-Solares J, Donnez J, Donnez O, Dolmans MM. Pathogenesis of uterine adenomyosis: invagination or metaplasia? Fertil Steril 2018; 109 (3): 371–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.12.030
8. Varras M, Polyzos D, Akrivis C. Effects of tamoxifen on the human female genital tract: review of the literature. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2003; 24: 258–68.
9. Parazzini F, Mais V, Cipriani S et al. Determinants of adenomyosis in women who underwent hysterectomy for benign gynecological conditions: results from a prospective multicentric study in Italy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2009; 143 (2): 103–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2008.12.010
10. Graziano A, Lo Monte G, Piva I. Diagnostic findings in adenomyosis: A pictorial review on the major concerns. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19 (7): 1146–54.
11. Horton J, Sterrenburg M, Lane S et al. Reproductive, obstetric, and perinatal outcomes of women with adenomyosis and endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2019; 25 (5): 592–632. DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmz012
12. Puente JM, Fabris A, Patel J et al. Adenomyosis in infertile women: prevalence and the role of 3D ultrasound as a marker of severity of the disease. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2016; 14 (1): 60. DOI: 10.1186/s12958-016-0185-6
13. Aleksandrovych V, Bereza T, Sajewicz M et al. Uterine fibroid: Common features of widespread tumor (Review article). Folia Med Cracov 2015; 55 (1): 61–75.
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Авторы
Р.И. Габидуллина*1, А.И. Купцова1, Е.А. Кошельникова2, Ф.Р. Нухбала1, Р.Р. Багирли1, Э.Р. Мингалева1, Э.А. Халиуллина1
1 ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Казань, Россия;
2 ГАУЗ «Городская клиническая больница №7», Казань, Россия
*ru.gabidullina@yandex.ru
1 Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia;
2 City Clinical Hospital №7, Kazan, Russia
*ru.gabidullina@yandex.ru
1 ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Казань, Россия;
2 ГАУЗ «Городская клиническая больница №7», Казань, Россия
*ru.gabidullina@yandex.ru
________________________________________________
1 Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia;
2 City Clinical Hospital №7, Kazan, Russia
*ru.gabidullina@yandex.ru
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