Что нужно знать пациентке о вирусе папилломы человека и раке шейки матки?

Синчихин С.П., Степанян Л.В. Что нужно знать пациентке о вирусе папилломы человека и раке шейки матки? Гинекология. 2021; 23 (1): 83–87. DOI: 10.26442/20795696.2021.1.200445

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Sinchikhin S.P., Stepanyan L.V. What a patient needs to know about the virus human papillomas and cervical cancer? Gynecology. 2021; 23 (1): 83–87. DOI: 10.26442/20795696.2020.6.200445

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Аннотация

По мнению экспертов Всемирной организации здравоохранения рак шейки матки – это единственное онкозаболевание, которое может быть полностью предотвратимо за счет внедрения организации массового обследования и информационно-образовательных знаний у населения. Одной из сторон деятельности акушера-гинеколога является проведение санитарно-просветительной работы. Однако у практического врача в силу различных причин могут возникать трудности при подготовке к информационно-образовательным встречам с пациентками.
Цель. Подготовить клиническую лекцию для акушера-гинеколога, которую можно использовать в просветительной работе с населением по профилактике папилломавирусной инфекции (ПВИ) и рака шейки матки.
Материалы и методы. В информационный материал включены данные зарубежных и отечественных научных статей, имеющихся в PubMed по данной теме и опубликованных за последние 10 лет.
Результаты. Провели системный анализ данных, содержащихся в современной литературе, о вирусе папилломы человека, ПВИ и раке шейки матки. Представлены сведения о распространенности заболеваний, методах диагностики и особенностях течения ПВИ, роли вируса папилломы человека в развитии рака шейки матки. Обратили внимание на важность профилактических осмотров. Часть информации представлена в виде ответов на вопросы пациенток, что делает представляемые сведения особо запоминающимися.
Заключение. Следует надеяться, что подготовленная лекция окажется полезной для санитарно-просветительной работы врача акушера-гинеколога и будет способствовать повышению информационно-образовательных знаний у населения по профилактике рака шейки матки.

Ключевые слова: лекция, вирус папилломы человека, папилломавирусная инфекция, рак шейки матки

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According to experts of the World Health Organization, cervical cancer is the only cancer that can be completely prevented through the introduction of mass screening and educational information in the population. One of the activities of the obstetrician-gynecologist is the conduct of health education. However, for a variety of reasons, a practical doctor may have difficulty preparing for informational and educational meetings with patients.
Aim. To prepare a clinical lecture for the obstetrician-gynecologist, which can be used in educational work with the population on the prevention of human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer.
Materials and methods. The information material includes data from foreign and domestic scientific articles available at PubMed on this topic and published over the past 10 years.
Results. A systematic analysis of the data contained in the modern literature on human papillomavirus, human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer has been carried out. Information is presented on the prevalence of diseases, diagnostic methods, and features of the course of human papillomavirus infection, the role of human papillomavirus in the development of cervical cancer. Attention is drawn to the importance of preventive examinations. Part of the information is presented in the form of answers to patients' questions, which makes the information presented especially memorable.
Conclusion. It is hoped that the prepared lecture will be useful for the educational work of the obstetrician-gynecologist and will increase the educational information of the population on the prevention of cervical cancer.

Keywords: lecture, human papillomavirus, human papillomavirus infection, cervical cancer

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Список литературы

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2. Russian Federation Human papillomavirus and related cancers. Fact Sheet. 2013 HPV information centre 2014.
3. Орехова Е.К., Хачатурян А.Р. Современные возможности папилломавирусной инфекции: обзор мировых исследований. Журн. акушерства и женских болезней. 2014; 63 (3): 82–9 [Orekhova E.K., Khachaturian A.R. Current possibilities of human papillomavirus infection: a review of world studies. Journal of Obstetrics and Women's Diseases. 2014; 63 (3): 82–9 (in Russian)].
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5. Довлетханова Э.Р., Прилепская В.Н. Папилломавирусная инфекция. Теоретические и практические аспекты. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2018 [Dovletkhanova E.R., Prilepskaya V.N. Papillomavirus infection. Theoretical and practical aspects. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2018 (in Russian)].
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17. Профилактика рака шейки матки. Под ред. Г.Т. Сухих, В.Н. Прилепской. М.: МЕДпресс-информ, 2012 [Cervical Cancer Prevention. Ed. G.T. Sukhikh, V.N. Prilepskaya. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2012 (in Russian)].
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19. Ikenberg H, Bergeron C, Schmidt D, Griesser H. Screening for cervical cancer precursors with p16/Ki67 dual-stained cytology: results of the PALMS study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013; 1059 (20): 1550–7.
20. Tolibova G, Kvetnoy I, Khachaturian A, Polyakova V. Automated liquid-based cytology in Russia: evaluation of the efficiency in the diagnosis of pre-cancerous changes in the cervix. Acta Cytologica 2013; 57 (S1, 13): 81–2.
21. Bruni L, Diaz M, Castellsagué X, et al. Cervical human papillomavirus prevalence in 5 continents: metaanalysis of 1 million women with normal cytological findings. Int J Infect Dis 2010; 202 (12): 1789–99.

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1. Prilepskaya V.N. HPV-associated cervical diseases: screening, methds of examination, principles of treatment. Gynecology. 2019; 21 (3): 6–8 (in Russian)
2. Russian Federation Human papillomavirus and related cancers. Fact Sheet. 2013 HPV information centre 2014.
3. Orekhova E.K., Khachaturian A.R. Current possibilities of human papillomavirus infection: a review of world studies. Journal of Obstetrics and Women's Diseases. 2014; 63 (3): 82–9 (in Russian)
4. Bruni L, Albero G, Serrano B et al. ICO/IARC Information Centre on HPV and Cancer (HPV Information Centre). Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases in the World. Summary Report 17 June 2019. Available at: http://www.hpvcentre.net/
5. Dovletkhanova E.R., Prilepskaya V.N. Papillomavirus infection. Theoretical and practical aspects. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2018 (in Russian)
6. World Health Organization International Agency for research of Cancer GLOBOCAN 2012; Estimated cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide in 2012. Geneva, 2012.
7. Asiaf A, Ahmad ST, Mohammad SO, Zargar MA. Review of the current knowledge on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prevention of human papillomavirus infection. Eur J Cancer Prev 2014; 23 (3): 206–24.
8. Saussez S. Cancer of the upper aero-digestive tract: elevated incidence in Belgium, new risk factors and therapeutic perspectives. Bulletin et Mémoires de l'Académie royale de Médecine de Belgique. 2010; 165 (10–12): 453–63.
9. Swanson MS, Kokot N, Sinha UK. The role of HPV in head and neck cancer stem cell formation and tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8 (2): 24.
10. Moscicki AB, Darragh TM, Berry-Lawhorn JM. et al Screening for anal cancer in women. J LowGenTract Dis 2015; 19 (3 Suppl. 1): 27–42.
11. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F et al. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. I J Cancer 2010; 127 (12): 2893–917.
12. World Health Organization (WHO). Comprehensive cervical cancer control. A guide to essential practice; 2014. Available at: http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/cancers/cervicalcancer-guide/en/
13. Brickman C, Palefsky JM. Human papillomavirus in the HIV-infected host: epidemiology and pathogenesis in the antiretro viral era. Current HIV/AIDS Reports 2015; 12 (1): 6–15.
14. Rogovskaya S.I. Papillomavirus infection in women and pathology of the cervix. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2011 (in Russian)
15. Jeudin P, Liveright T, del Carmen MG, Perkins RB. Race, ethnicity and income as factors for HPV vaccine acceptance and use. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 9 (7): 1413–20.
16. Rogovskaya S.I., Akopova E.S., Kogan E.A. Improving the treatment and diagnostic approaches to HPV infection of the genitals. Russian medical journal. 2011; 19 (20): 1238–42 (in Russian)
17. Cervical Cancer Prevention. Ed. G.T. Sukhikh, V.N. Prilepskaya. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2012 (in Russian)
18. Saslow D, Solomon D, Lawson HW, et al. American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. CA Cancer J Clin 2012; 62 (3): 147–172.
19. Ikenberg H, Bergeron C, Schmidt D, Griesser H. Screening for cervical cancer precursors with p16/Ki67 dual-stained cytology: results of the PALMS study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013; 1059 (20): 1550–7.
20. Tolibova G, Kvetnoy I, Khachaturian A, Polyakova V. Automated liquid-based cytology in Russia: evaluation of the efficiency in the diagnosis of pre-cancerous changes in the cervix. Acta Cytologica 2013; 57 (S1, 13): 81–2.
21. Bruni L, Diaz M, Castellsagué X, et al. Cervical human papillomavirus prevalence in 5 continents: metaanalysis of 1 million women with normal cytological findings. Int J Infect Dis 2010; 202 (12): 1789–99.

Авторы

С.П. Синчихин*, Л.В. Степанян

ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Астрахань, Россия
*doc_sinchihin@mail.ru

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Sergei P. Sinchikhin*, Lusine V. Stepanyan

Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russia
*doc_sinchihin@mail.ru

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