Состояние проблемы ранней диагностики и лечения доброкачественных опухолей яичников у пациенток в постменопаузе (обзор литературы)

1. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019: Highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/423). Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/ Accessed: 30.11.2020.
2. Российский статистический ежегодник. 2018 год. Режим доступа: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/year18.pdf. Ссылка активна на 30.11.2020 [Russian statistical yearbook of Russia. 2018 and prior years. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/year18.pdf. Accessed: 30.11.2020 (in Russian)]. 
3. Брискин Б.С., Ломидзе О.В. Влияние полиморбидности на диагностику и исход в абдоминальной хирургии пожилых. Клиническая геронтология. 2008;4:31-3 [Briskin BS, Lomidze OV. Vliianie polimorbidnosti na diagnostiku i iskhod v abdominal'noi khirurgii pozhilykh. Klinicheskaia gerontologiia. 2008;4:31-3 (in Russian)].
4. Barodka VM, Joshi BL, Berkowitz DE, et al. Review article: implications of vascular aging. Anesth Analg. 2011;112(5):1048-60.
5. Глазкова О.Л., Кузнецов Р.Э., Игнатченко О.Ю., Полетова Т.Н. Пред­операционная подготовка и послеоперационное ведение больных в гинекологической практике. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2020; с. 159-63 [Glazkova OL, Kuznetsov RE, Ignatchenko OIu, Poletova TN. Preoperative preparation and postoperative management of patients in gynecological practice. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2020; p. 159-63 (in Russian)].
6. Ибрагимов Н.Ю., Лебединский К.М., Микиртумов Б.Е., и др. Факторы риска нарушения когнитивных функций в послеоперационном периоде у пожилых пациентов. Общая реаниматология. 2008;4:21-4 [Ibragimov NIu, Lebedinskii KM, Mikirtumov BE, et al. Faktory riska naru-sheniia kognitivnykh funktsii v posleoperatsionnom periode u pozhilykh patsientov. Obshchaia reanimatologiia. 2008;4:21-4 (in Russian)].
7. Balentine CJ, Naik AD, Berger DH, et al. Postacute Care After Major Abdominal Surgery in Elderly Patients: Intersection of Age, Functional Status, and Postoperative Complication. JAMA Surg. 2016;151(8):759-66. DOI:10.1001/jamasurg.2016.0717
8. Хайрутдинова М.Р., Эгамбердиева Л.Д. Вопросы ведения пациентов с овариальными образованиями. Практическая медицина. Инновационные технологии в медицине. 2015;4-1:191-6 [Khairutdinova MR, Egamberdieva LD. Voprosy vedeniia patsientov s ovarial'nymi obrazo-vaniiami. Prakticheskaia meditsina. Innovatsionnye tekhnologii v meditsine. 2015;4-1:191-6 (in Russian)].
9. Клинические рекомендации. Рак яичников/рак маточной трубы/первичный рак брюшины. М., 2020 [Clinical guidelines. Ovarian cancer/fallopian tube cancer/primary peritoneal cancer. Moscow, 2020 (in Russian)].
10. Guraslan H, Dogan K. Management of unilocular or multilocular cysts more than 5 centimeters in postmenopausal women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;203:40-3. DOI:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.05.028
11. Committee Opinion No. 716. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. The role of the obstetrician-gynecologist in the early detection of epithelial ovarian cancer in women at average risk. Obstet Gynecol. 2017;130:e146-9. 
12. Zola P, Macchi C, Cibula D, et al. Follow-up in Gynecological Malignancies A State of Art. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2015;25(7):1151-64. DOI:10.1097/igc.0000000000000498
13. Ефимова О.А. Комплексная лучевая диагностика опухолевых образований яичников на дооперационном этапе. Поволжский онкологический вестник. 2017;3:61-4 [Efimova OA. Kompleksnaia luchevaia diagnostika opukholevykh obrazovanii iaichnikov na dooperatsionnom etape. Povolzhskii onkologicheskii vestnik. 2017;3:61-4 (in Russian)].
14. Orr B, Edwards RP. Diagnosis and Treatment of Ovarian Cancer. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2018;32(6):943-64. DOI:10.1016/j.hoc.2018.07.010
15. Воробьев А.В., Протасова А.Э. Общие вопросы скрининга. Практическая онкология. 2010;11(2):53-9 [Vorob'ev AV, Protasova AE. Obshchie voprosy skrininga. Prakticheskaia onkologiia. 2010;11(2):53-9 (in Russian)].
16. Клинические рекомендации. Диагностика и лечение доброкачественных новообразований яичников с позиции профилактики рака. М., 2018 [Clinical guidelines. Diagnostics and treatment of benign ovarian neoplasms from the perspective of cancer prevention. Moscow, 2018 (in Russian)]. 
17. Подзолкова Н.М., Oсадчев В.Б., Бабков К.В., Сафонова Н.Е. Дискуссионные вопросы клинической, лабораторной и инструментальной диагностики опухолей яичников у женщин репродуктивного возраста (обзор литературы). Гинекология. 2020;22(1):7-13 [Podzolkova NM, Osadchev VB, Babkov KV, Safonova NE. Controversial issues of clinical, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of ovarian tumors of reproductive women (literature review)]. Gynecology. 2020;22(1):7-13 (in Russian)].
DOI:10.26442/20795696.2020.1.200009
18. Stewart BW, Wild CP. World Cancer Report. Lyon: IARC, 2014.
19. Hammarstrom S, Engvall E, Sundblad G. 1976 Carcinoembryonic antigen CEA: purification, structure and antigenicproperties. In: Ed. H Bostrom, T Larsson, N Ljungstedt. Health Control in Detection of Cancer, Skandia International Symposia; p. 24-39. 
20. Khoo S, MacKay E. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in ovarian cancer: Factors influencing its incidence and changes which occur in response to cytotoxic drugs. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1976;83:753-9. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1976.tb00739.x
21. Bast R, Feeney M, Lazarus H, et al. Reactivity of a monoclonal antibody with human ovarian carcinoma. J Clin Investig. 1981;68:1331-7. DOI:10.1172/JCI110380
22. Benjapibal M, Neungton C. Pre-operative prediction of serum CA125 level in women with ovarian masses. J Med Assoc Thai. 2007;90(10):1986-91.
23. Wilbaux M, Henin E, Oza A, et al. Prediction of tumour response induced by chemotherapy using modelling of CA-125 kinetics in recurrent ovarian cancer patients. Br J Cancer. 2014;110(6):1517-24. DOI:10.1038/bjc.2014.75
24. Li F, Tie R, Chang K, et al. Meta-analysis Does risk for ovarian malignancy algorithm excel human epididymis protein 4 and CA125 in predicting epithelial ovarian cancer: A meta-analysis. BMC Cancer. 2012;12:258. DOI:10.1186/1471-2407-12-258
25. Bian J, Li B, Kou XJ, et al. Clinical significance of combined detection of serum tumor markers in diagnosis of patients with ovarian cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(11):6241-3. 
26. Robati M, Ghaderi A, Mehraban M, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) improves the sensitivity of CA125 for differentiation of epithelial ovarian cancers from ovarian cysts. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2013;288(4):859-65.
27. Moore RG, McMeekin DS, Brown AK, et al. A novel multiple marker bioassay utilizing HE4 and CA125 for the prediction of ovarian cancer in patients with a pelvic mass. Gynecol Oncol. 2009;112:40-6. DOI:10.1016/j.ygyno.2008.08.031
28. Kim YM, Whang DH, Park J, et al. Evaluation of the accuracy of serum human epididymis protein 4 in combination with CA125 for detecting ovarian cancer: a prospective casecontrol study in a Korean population. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011;49:527-34.
29. Galgano MT, Hampton GM, Frierson HF Jr. Comprehensive analysis of HE4 expression in normal and malignant human tissues. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:847-53.
30. Havrilesky LJ, Whitehead CM, Rubatt JM, et al. Evaluation of biomarker panels for early stage ovarian cancer detection and monitoring for disease recurrence. Gynecol Oncol. 2008;110(3):374‑82. DOI:10.1016/j.ygyno.2008.04.041
31. Drapkin R, von Horsten HH, Lin Y, et al. Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a secreted glycoprotein that is overexpressed by serous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas. Cancer Res. 2006;65:2162-693.
32. Lin J, Qin J, Sangvatanakul V. Human epididymis protein 4 for differential diagnosis between benign gynecologic disease and ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2013;167(1):81‑5. DOI:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.10.036
33. Bast RC Jr, Skates S, Lokshin A, Moore G. Differential diagnosis of pelvic mass: improved algorithms and novel biomarkers. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2012;22(Suppl. 1):5‑8. DOI:10.1097/IGC.0b013e318251c97d
34. Chen F, Shen J, Wang J, et al. Clinical analysis of four serum tumor markers in 458 patients with ovarian tumors: diagnostic value of the combined use of HE4, CA125, CA19-9, and CEA in ovarian tumors. Cancer Manag Res. 2018;10:1313-8. DOI:10.2147/CMAR.S155693
35. Simmons AR, Clarke CH, Badgwell DB. Validation of a Biomarker Panel and Longitudinal Biomarker Performance for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2016;26(6):1070-7. DOI:10.1097/IGC.0000000000000737
36. Wu CM, Li XL, Li L, et al. Combined detection of tumor makers in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors. Int J Lab Med. 2014;35(6):724-5.
37. Brown A, Miller C, Robison C, et al. Differential expression of CA125 and a novel serum tumor marker HE4 in epithelial ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26 (Suppl.). Abstract 5533.11
38. Jacobs I, Oram D, Fairbanks J, et al. A risk of malignancy index incorporating CA 125, ultrasound and menopausal status for the accurate preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1990;97(10):922-9. PMID: 2223684. 
39. Moore RG, Jabre-Raughley M, Brown AK, et al. Comparison of a novel multiple marker assay versus the Risk of Malignancy Index for the prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer in patients with a pelvic mass. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;203(3):228.e1-6. DOI:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.03.043
40. Montagnana M, Danese E, Ruzzenente O, et al. The ROMA (Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm) for estimating the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in women presenting with pelvic mass: is it really useful? Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011;49(3):521-5. DOI:10.1515/CCLM.2011.075
41. Гаспаров А.С., Жорданиа К.И., Паяниди Ю.Г., Дубинская Е.Д. Онкогинекологические аспекты кистозных образований яичников. Вестник РАМН. 2013;8 [Gasparov AS, Zhordania KI, Paianidi IuG, Dubinskaia ED. Onkoginekologicheskie aspekty kistoznykh obrazovanii iaichnikov. Vestnik RAMN. 2013;8 (in Russian)].
42. Dayyani F, Uhlig S, Colson B, et al. Diagnostic performance of risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm against CA-125 and HE4 in connection with ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2016;26(9):1586-93. DOI:10.1097/IGC.0000000000000804
43. Querleu D, Planchamp F, Chiva L, et al. European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) Guidelines for Ovarian Cancer Surgery. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2017;27(7):1534-42. DOI:10.1097/IGC.0000000000001041
44. Petricoin EF, Liotta LA. SELDI-TOF based serum proteomic pattern diagnostics for early detection of cancer. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2004;15(1):24-30. DOI:10.1016/j.copbio.2004.01.005.46
45. Diamandis EP. Point: Proteomic patterns in biological fluids: do they represent the future of cancer di-agnostics? Clin Chem. 2003;49(8):1272-5. DOI:10.1016/j.copbio.2004.01.005
46. Дубровская К.С. Диагностика, лечение и прогнозирование исходов новообразований малого таза у гинекологических больных. Автореф. дис. … канд. мед. наук. М., 2018 [Dubrovskaia KS. Diagnostika, lechenie i prognozirovanie iskhodov novoobrazovanii malogo taza u ginekologicheskikh bol'nykh. Avtoref. dis. … kand. med. nauk. Moscow, 2018 (in Russian)].
47. Подзолкова Н.М., Львова А.Г., Зубарев А.Р., Осадчев В.Б. Дифференциальная диагностика опухолей и опухолевидных образований яичников: клиническое значение трехмерной эхографии. Вопросы гинекологии, акушерства и перинатологии. 2009;8(1):7-16 [Podzolkova  NM, L'vova AG, Zubarev AR, Osadchev VB. Differentsial'naia diagnostika opukholei i opukholevidnykh obrazovanii iaichnikov: klinicheskoe znachenie trekhmernoi ekhografii. Voprosy ginekologii, akusherstva i perinatologii. 2009;8(1):7-16 (in Russian)].
48. Suh-Burgmann E, Flanagan T, Osinski T, et al. Prospective Validation of a Standardized Ultrasonography-Based Ovarian Cancer Risk Assessment System. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;132(5):1101-11. DOI:10.1097/AOG.0000000000002939
49. Братчикова О.В. Новые технологии (3D/4D-УЗИ) в определении характера яичниковых образований. Автореф. дис. … канд. мед. наук. М., 2011 [Bratchikova OV. Novye tekhnologii (3D/4D-UZI) v opredelenii kharaktera iaichnikovykh obrazovanii. Avtoref. dis. … kand. med. nauk. Moscow, 2011 (in Russian)].
50. Valentin L, Ameye L, Savelli L, et al. Adnexal masses difficult to classify as benign or malignant using subjective assessment of gray-scale and Doppler ultrasound findings: logistic regression models do not help. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;38(4):456-65. DOI:10.1002/uog.9030
51. Timmerman D, Ameye L, Fischerova D, et al. Simple ultrasound rules to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal masses before surgery: prospective validation by IOTA group. BMJ. 2010;341:c6839. DOI:10.1136/bmj.c6839
52. Froyman W, Landolfo C, De Cock B, et al. Risk of complications in patients with conservatively managed ovarian tumours (IOTA5): a 2-year interim analysis of a multicentre, prospective, cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(3):448-58. DOI:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30837-4
53. Mehdi G, Maheshwari V, Afzal S, et al. Image-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology of ovarian tumors: An assessment of diagnostic efficacy. J Cytol. 2010;27(3):91-5.

________________________________________________

1. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019: Highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/423). Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/ Accessed: 30.11.2020.
2. Russian statistical yearbook of Russia. 2018 and prior years. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/year18.pdf. Accessed: 30.11.2020 (in Russian). 
3. Briskin BS, Lomidze OV. Vliianie polimorbidnosti na diagnostiku i iskhod v abdominal'noi khirurgii pozhilykh. Klinicheskaia gerontologiia. 2008;4:31-3 (in Russian).
4. Barodka VM, Joshi BL, Berkowitz DE, et al. Review article: implications of vascular aging. Anesth Analg. 2011;112(5):1048-60.
5. Glazkova OL, Kuznetsov RE, Ignatchenko OIu, Poletova TN. Preoperative preparation and postoperative management of patients in gynecological practice. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2020; p. 159-63 (in Russian).
6. Ibragimov NIu, Lebedinskii KM, Mikirtumov BE, et al. Faktory riska naru-sheniia kognitivnykh funktsii v posleoperatsionnom periode u pozhilykh patsientov. Obshchaia reanimatologiia. 2008;4:21-4 (in Russian).
7. Balentine CJ, Naik AD, Berger DH, et al. Postacute Care After Major Abdominal Surgery in Elderly Patients: Intersection of Age, Functional Status, and Postoperative Complication. JAMA Surg. 2016;151(8):759-66. DOI:10.1001/jamasurg.2016.0717
8. Khairutdinova MR, Egamberdieva LD. Voprosy vedeniia patsientov s ovarial'nymi obrazo-vaniiami. Prakticheskaia meditsina. Innovatsionnye tekhnologii v meditsine. 2015;4-1:191-6 (in Russian).
9. Clinical guidelines. Ovarian cancer/fallopian tube cancer/primary peritoneal cancer. Moscow, 2020 (in Russian).
10. Guraslan H, Dogan K. Management of unilocular or multilocular cysts more than 5 centimeters in postmenopausal women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;203:40-3. DOI:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.05.028
11. Committee Opinion No. 716. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. The role of the obstetrician-gynecologist in the early detection of epithelial ovarian cancer in women at average risk. Obstet Gynecol. 2017;130:e146-9. 
12. Zola P, Macchi C, Cibula D, et al. Follow-up in Gynecological Malignancies A State of Art. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2015;25(7):1151-64. DOI:10.1097/igc.0000000000000498
13. Efimova OA. Kompleksnaia luchevaia diagnostika opukholevykh obrazovanii iaichnikov na dooperatsionnom etape. Povolzhskii onkologicheskii vestnik. 2017;3:61-4 (in Russian).
14. Orr B, Edwards RP. Diagnosis and Treatment of Ovarian Cancer. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2018;32(6):943-64. DOI:10.1016/j.hoc.2018.07.010
15. Vorob'ev AV, Protasova AE. Obshchie voprosy skrininga. Prakticheskaia onkologiia. 2010;11(2):53-9 (in Russian).
16. Clinical guidelines. Diagnostics and treatment of benign ovarian neoplasms from the perspective of cancer prevention. Moscow, 2018 (in Russian). 
17. Podzolkova NM, Osadchev VB, Babkov KV, Safonova NE. Controversial issues of clinical, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of ovarian tumors of reproductive women (literature review). Gynecology. 2020;22(1):7-13 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.26442/20795696.2020.1.200009
18. Stewart BW, Wild CP. World Cancer Report. Lyon: IARC, 2014.
19. Hammarstrom S, Engvall E, Sundblad G. 1976 Carcinoembryonic antigen CEA: purification, structure and antigenicproperties. In: Ed. H Bostrom, T Larsson, N Ljungstedt. Health Control in Detection of Cancer, Skandia International Symposia; p. 24-39. 
20. Khoo S, MacKay E. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in ovarian cancer: Factors influencing its incidence and changes which occur in response to cytotoxic drugs. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1976;83:753-9. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1976.tb00739.x
21. Bast R, Feeney M, Lazarus H, et al. Reactivity of a monoclonal antibody with human ovarian carcinoma. J Clin Investig. 1981;68:1331-7. DOI:10.1172/JCI110380
22. Benjapibal M, Neungton C. Pre-operative prediction of serum CA125 level in women with ovarian masses. J Med Assoc Thai. 2007;90(10):1986-91.
23. Wilbaux M, Henin E, Oza A, et al. Prediction of tumour response induced by chemotherapy using modelling of CA-125 kinetics in recurrent ovarian cancer patients. Br J Cancer. 2014;110(6):1517-24. DOI:10.1038/bjc.2014.75
24. Li F, Tie R, Chang K, et al. Meta-analysis Does risk for ovarian malignancy algorithm excel human epididymis protein 4 and CA125 in predicting epithelial ovarian cancer: A meta-analysis. BMC Cancer. 2012;12:258. DOI:10.1186/1471-2407-12-258
25. Bian J, Li B, Kou XJ, et al. Clinical significance of combined detection of serum tumor markers in diagnosis of patients with ovarian cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(11):6241-3. 
26. Robati M, Ghaderi A, Mehraban M, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) improves the sensitivity of CA125 for differentiation of epithelial ovarian cancers from ovarian cysts. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2013;288(4):859-65.
27. Moore RG, McMeekin DS, Brown AK, et al. A novel multiple marker bioassay utilizing HE4 and CA125 for the prediction of ovarian cancer in patients with a pelvic mass. Gynecol Oncol. 2009;112:40-6. DOI:10.1016/j.ygyno.2008.08.031
28. Kim YM, Whang DH, Park J, et al. Evaluation of the accuracy of serum human epididymis protein 4 in combination with CA125 for detecting ovarian cancer: a prospective casecontrol study in a Korean population. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011;49:527-34.
29. Galgano MT, Hampton GM, Frierson HF Jr. Comprehensive analysis of HE4 expression in normal and malignant human tissues. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:847-53.
30. Havrilesky LJ, Whitehead CM, Rubatt JM, et al. Evaluation of biomarker panels for early stage ovarian cancer detection and monitoring for disease recurrence. Gynecol Oncol. 2008;110(3):374‑82. DOI:10.1016/j.ygyno.2008.04.041
31. Drapkin R, von Horsten HH, Lin Y, et al. Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a secreted glycoprotein that is overexpressed by serous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas. Cancer Res. 2006;65:2162-693.
32. Lin J, Qin J, Sangvatanakul V. Human epididymis protein 4 for differential diagnosis between benign gynecologic disease and ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2013;167(1):81‑5. DOI:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.10.036
33. Bast RC Jr, Skates S, Lokshin A, Moore G. Differential diagnosis of pelvic mass: improved algorithms and novel biomarkers. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2012;22(Suppl. 1):5‑8. DOI:10.1097/IGC.0b013e318251c97d
34. Chen F, Shen J, Wang J, et al. Clinical analysis of four serum tumor markers in 458 patients with ovarian tumors: diagnostic value of the combined use of HE4, CA125, CA19-9, and CEA in ovarian tumors. Cancer Manag Res. 2018;10:1313-8. DOI:10.2147/CMAR.S155693
35. Simmons AR, Clarke CH, Badgwell DB. Validation of a Biomarker Panel and Longitudinal Biomarker Performance for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2016;26(6):1070-7. DOI:10.1097/IGC.0000000000000737
36. Wu CM, Li XL, Li L, et al. Combined detection of tumor makers in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors. Int J Lab Med. 2014;35(6):724-5.
37. Brown A, Miller C, Robison C, et al. Differential expression of CA125 and a novel serum tumor marker HE4 in epithelial ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26 (Suppl.). Abstract 5533.11
38. Jacobs I, Oram D, Fairbanks J, et al. A risk of malignancy index incorporating CA 125, ultrasound and menopausal status for the accurate preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1990;97(10):922-9. PMID: 2223684. 
39. Moore RG, Jabre-Raughley M, Brown AK, et al. Comparison of a novel multiple marker assay versus the Risk of Malignancy Index for the prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer in patients with a pelvic mass. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;203(3):228.e1-6. DOI:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.03.043
40. Montagnana M, Danese E, Ruzzenente O, et al. The ROMA (Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm) for estimating the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in women presenting with pelvic mass: is it really useful? Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011;49(3):521-5. DOI:10.1515/CCLM.2011.075
41. Gasparov AS, Zhordania KI, Paianidi IuG, Dubinskaia ED. Onkoginekologicheskie aspekty kistoznykh obrazovanii iaichnikov. Vestnik RAMN. 2013;8 (in Russian).
42. Dayyani F, Uhlig S, Colson B, et al. Diagnostic performance of risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm against CA-125 and HE4 in connection with ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2016;26(9):1586-93. DOI:10.1097/IGC.0000000000000804
43. Querleu D, Planchamp F, Chiva L, et al. European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) Guidelines for Ovarian Cancer Surgery. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2017;27(7):1534-42. DOI:10.1097/IGC.0000000000001041
44. Petricoin EF, Liotta LA. SELDI-TOF based serum proteomic pattern diagnostics for early detection of cancer. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2004;15(1):24-30. DOI:10.1016/j.copbio.2004.01.005.46
45. Diamandis EP. Point: Proteomic patterns in biological fluids: do they represent the future of cancer di-agnostics? Clin Chem. 2003;49(8):1272-5. DOI:10.1016/j.copbio.2004.01.005
46. Dubrovskaia KS. Diagnostika, lechenie i prognozirovanie iskhodov novoobrazovanii malogo taza u ginekologicheskikh bol'nykh. Avtoref. dis. … kand. med. nauk. Moscow, 2018 (in Russian).
47. Podzolkova  NM, L'vova AG, Zubarev AR, Osadchev VB. Differentsial'naia diagnostika opukholei i opukholevidnykh obrazovanii iaichnikov: klinicheskoe znachenie trekhmernoi ekhografii. Voprosy ginekologii, akusherstva i perinatologii. 2009;8(1):7-16 (in Russian).
48. Suh-Burgmann E, Flanagan T, Osinski T, et al. Prospective Validation of a Standardized Ultrasonography-Based Ovarian Cancer Risk Assessment System. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;132(5):1101-11. DOI:10.1097/AOG.0000000000002939
49. Bratchikova OV. Novye tekhnologii (3D/4D-UZI) v opredelenii kharaktera iaichnikovykh obrazovanii. Avtoref. dis. … kand. med. nauk. Moscow, 2011 (in Russian).
50. Valentin L, Ameye L, Savelli L, et al. Adnexal masses difficult to classify as benign or malignant using subjective assessment of gray-scale and Doppler ultrasound findings: logistic regression models do not help. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;38(4):456-65. DOI:10.1002/uog.9030
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Н.М. Подзолкова*1, Р.Э. Кузнецов1,2, О.Л. Глазкова1, Л.Г. Созаева1, Л.Б. Тумгоева1,2 

1 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница им. С.П. Боткина» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия
*podzolkova@gmail.com

________________________________________________

Nataliia M. Podzolkova*1, Roman E. Kuznetsov1,2, Olga L. Glazkova1, Larisa G. Sozaeva1, Luiza B.Tumgoeva1,2

1 Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia;
2 Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
*podzolkova@gmail.com