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Дисменорея, ассоциированная с эндометриозом у подростков: есть ли вариант терапии?
Дисменорея, ассоциированная с эндометриозом у подростков: есть ли вариант терапии?
Оразов М.Р., Радзинский В.Е., Долгов Е.Д. Дисменорея, ассоциированная с эндометриозом у подростков: есть ли вариант терапии? Гинекология. 2025;27(3):198–202. DOI: 10.26442/20795696.2025.3.203402
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2025 г.
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2025 г.
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Аннотация
В настоящее время эндометриоз признан значимой проблемой общемировой системы здравоохранения. Согласно имеющимся данным эндометриозом болеют женщины не только репродуктивного возраста, но и других возрастных когорт. Результаты современных исследований демонстрируют абсолютное превалирование клинической манифестации заболевания задолго до совершеннолетия. Дисменорея и боли в области таза часто начинаются именно в подростковом возрасте, негативно влияя на учебу, повседневную деятельность и межличностные отношения. При этом пациентки подросткового возраста имеют ряд не только медицинских, но и социальных особенностей, что, безусловно, вносит коррективы в клинический менеджмент эндометриоза. В свою очередь недооценка тяжести симптомов заболевания у подростков приводит к значительному прогрессированию тяжелых форм с негативным влиянием на фертильность. В статье рассмотрены особенности клинического течения подросткового эндометриоза и представлен менеджмент пациенток на основе современных отечественных и международных гайдлайнов. Учитывая разнообразную симптоматику эндометриоза и высокую распространенность других болевых синдромов у подростков, рекомендуется, по возможности, использовать мультидисциплинарный подход к лечению, в частности в нем должны участвовать врач-педиатр, специалисты-алгологи и медицинские психологи, с целью снижения чувствительности к боли и устранения сопутствующих расстройств настроения. В фармакологическом арсенале имеется опция эффективного лечения подросткового эндометриоза – комбинированный оральный контрацептив на основе этинилэстрадиола и диеногеста, который подавляет патогенетический каскад эндометриоза, купирует клиническую симптоматику и повышает качество жизни пациенток данной когорты.
Ключевые слова: эндометриоз, подростковый эндометриоз, подросток, тазовая боль, дисменорея, диеногест, комбинированный оральный контрацептив
Keywords: endometriosis, adolescent endometriosis, adolescent, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dienogest, combined oral contraceptive
Ключевые слова: эндометриоз, подростковый эндометриоз, подросток, тазовая боль, дисменорея, диеногест, комбинированный оральный контрацептив
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Keywords: endometriosis, adolescent endometriosis, adolescent, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dienogest, combined oral contraceptive
Полный текст
Список литературы
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8. Oliveira IJ, Pinto PV, Bernardes J. Noninvasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis in Adolescents and Young Female Adults: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2025;38(2):124-38. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2024.07.005
9. Burnett M, Lemyre M. No. 345-Primary Dysmenorrhea Consensus Guideline. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada. 2017;39(7):585-95. DOI:10.1016/j.jogc.2016.12.023
10. Dai Y, Luo H, Zhu L, et al. Dysmenorrhea pattern in adolescences informing adult endometriosis. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1). DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-17825-2
11. Bourdon M, Maignien C, Marcellin L, et al. Distribution of endometriosis phenotypes according to patients' age in adult women with surgical evaluation. Hum Reprod. 2024;39(10):2259-27. DOI:10.1093/humrep/deae180
12. Perkins A. The “silent” pain of endometriosis. Nursing Made Incredibly Easy! 2019;17(3):26-33. DOI:10.1097/01.nme.0000554597.81822.03
13. Martire FG, Lazzeri L, Conway F, et al. Adolescence and endometriosis: symptoms, ultrasound signs and early diagnosis. Fertility and Sterility. 2020;114(5):1049-107. DOI:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.06.012
14. McKenna KA, Fogleman CD. Dysmenorrhea. Am Fam Physician. 2021;104(2):164-70
15. Fleming A, Hardy A. Endometriosis Is More Than a Painful Period. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 2024;21(1):105232. DOI:10.1016/j.nurpra.2024.105232
16. Guideline of European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. Endometriosis. 2022.
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18. Hudelist G, Ballard K, English J, et al. Transvaginal sonography vs. clinical examination in the preoperative diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;37(4):480-7. DOI:10.1002/uog.8935
19. Zhang X, He T, Shen W. Comparison of physical examination, ultrasound techniques and magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies. Exp Ther Med. 2020;20(4):3208-20. DOI:10.3892/etm.2020.9043
20. Scioscia M, Virgilio BA, Laganà AS, et al. Differential Diagnosis of Endometriosis by Ultrasound: A Rising Challenge. Diagnostics (Basel). 2020;10(10):848. DOI:10.3390/diagnostics10100848
21. Indrielle-Kelly T, Frühauf F, Burgetová A, et al. Diagnosis of endometriosis 2nd part – Ultrasound diagnosis of endometriosis (adenomyosis, endometriomas, adhesions) in the community. Ceska Gynekol. 2019;84(4):260-6.
22. Piessens S, Edwards A. Sonographic Evaluation for Endometriosis in Routine Pelvic Ultrasound. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2020;27(2):265-6. DOI:10.1016/j.jmig.2019.08.027
23. Kim HJ, Kim SH, Oh YS, et al. Dienogest May Reduce Estradiol- and Inflammatory Cytokine-Induced Cell Viability and Proliferation and Inhibit the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis: A Cell Culture- and Mouse Model-Based Study. Biomedicines. 2022;10(11):2992. DOI:10.3390/biomedicines10112992
24. Ebert AD, Dong L, Merz M, et al. Dienogest 2 mg Daily in the Treatment of Adolescents with Clinically Suspected Endometriosis: The VISanne Study to Assess Safety in ADOlescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017;30(5):560-6. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2017.01.014
25. Mueck AO, Sitruk-Ware R. Nomegestrol acetate, a novel progestogen for oral contraception. Steroids. 2011;76(6):531-9. DOI:10.1016/j.steroids.2011.02.002
26. Bono Y, Kyo S, Kiyono T, et al. Concurrent estrogen action was essential for maximal progestin effect in oral contraceptives. Fertility and Sterility. 2014;101(5):1337-43. DOI:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.02.005
2. Volker C, Mills J. Endometriosis and body image: Comparing people with and without endometriosis and exploring the relationship with pelvic pain. Body Image. 2022;43:518-22. DOI:10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.10.014
3. Yarmolinskaya M, Suslova E, Tkachenko N, et al. Dopamine agonists as genital endometriosis target therapy. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2020;36(sup1):7-11. DOI:10.1080/09513590.2020.1816720
4. Smolarz B, Szyłło K, Romanowicz H. Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature). Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(19):10554. DOI:10.3390/ijms221910554
5. Adamyan LV, Sibirskaia EV, Tarbaia NO. The problem of endometriosis in adolescent girls (a review). Russian Journal of Human Reproduction. 2016;22(3):71‑6 (in Russian). DOI:10.17116/repro201622371-76
6. Arnold MJ, Osgood AT, Aust A. Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women: ACOG Updates Recommendations. Am Fam Physician. 2021;103(3):186-8.
7. Hirsch M, Dhillon-Smith R, Cutner AS, et al. The Prevalence of Endometriosis in Adolescents with Pelvic Pain: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2020;33(6):623-30. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2020.07.011
8. Oliveira IJ, Pinto PV, Bernardes J. Noninvasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis in Adolescents and Young Female Adults: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2025;38(2):124-38. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2024.07.005
9. Burnett M, Lemyre M. No. 345-Primary Dysmenorrhea Consensus Guideline. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada. 2017;39(7):585-95. DOI:10.1016/j.jogc.2016.12.023
10. Dai Y, Luo H, Zhu L, et al. Dysmenorrhea pattern in adolescences informing adult endometriosis. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1). DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-17825-2
11. Bourdon M, Maignien C, Marcellin L, et al. Distribution of endometriosis phenotypes according to patients' age in adult women with surgical evaluation. Hum Reprod. 2024;39(10):2259-27. DOI:10.1093/humrep/deae180
12. Perkins A. The “silent” pain of endometriosis. Nursing Made Incredibly Easy! 2019;17(3):26-33. DOI:10.1097/01.nme.0000554597.81822.03
13. Martire FG, Lazzeri L, Conway F, et al. Adolescence and endometriosis: symptoms, ultrasound signs and early diagnosis. Fertility and Sterility. 2020;114(5):1049-107. DOI:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.06.012
14. McKenna KA, Fogleman CD. Dysmenorrhea. Am Fam Physician. 2021;104(2):164-70
15. Fleming A, Hardy A. Endometriosis Is More Than a Painful Period. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 2024;21(1):105232. DOI:10.1016/j.nurpra.2024.105232
16. Guideline of European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. Endometriosis. 2022.
17. Federal'nye klinicheskie rekomendatsii «Endometrioz». 2024 god. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/259_2. Accessed: 11.07.2025 (in Russian).
18. Hudelist G, Ballard K, English J, et al. Transvaginal sonography vs. clinical examination in the preoperative diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;37(4):480-7. DOI:10.1002/uog.8935
19. Zhang X, He T, Shen W. Comparison of physical examination, ultrasound techniques and magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies. Exp Ther Med. 2020;20(4):3208-20. DOI:10.3892/etm.2020.9043
20. Scioscia M, Virgilio BA, Laganà AS, et al. Differential Diagnosis of Endometriosis by Ultrasound: A Rising Challenge. Diagnostics (Basel). 2020;10(10):848. DOI:10.3390/diagnostics10100848
21. Indrielle-Kelly T, Frühauf F, Burgetová A, et al. Diagnosis of endometriosis 2nd part – Ultrasound diagnosis of endometriosis (adenomyosis, endometriomas, adhesions) in the community. Ceska Gynekol. 2019;84(4):260-6.
22. Piessens S, Edwards A. Sonographic Evaluation for Endometriosis in Routine Pelvic Ultrasound. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2020;27(2):265-6. DOI:10.1016/j.jmig.2019.08.027
23. Kim HJ, Kim SH, Oh YS, et al. Dienogest May Reduce Estradiol- and Inflammatory Cytokine-Induced Cell Viability and Proliferation and Inhibit the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis: A Cell Culture- and Mouse Model-Based Study. Biomedicines. 2022;10(11):2992. DOI:10.3390/biomedicines10112992
24. Ebert AD, Dong L, Merz M, et al. Dienogest 2 mg Daily in the Treatment of Adolescents with Clinically Suspected Endometriosis: The VISanne Study to Assess Safety in ADOlescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017;30(5):560-6. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2017.01.014
25. Mueck AO, Sitruk-Ware R. Nomegestrol acetate, a novel progestogen for oral contraception. Steroids. 2011;76(6):531-9. DOI:10.1016/j.steroids.2011.02.002
26. Bono Y, Kyo S, Kiyono T, et al. Concurrent estrogen action was essential for maximal progestin effect in oral contraceptives. Fertility and Sterility. 2014;101(5):1337-43. DOI:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.02.005
2. Volker C, Mills J. Endometriosis and body image: Comparing people with and without endometriosis and exploring the relationship with pelvic pain. Body Image. 2022;43:518-22. DOI:10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.10.014
3. Yarmolinskaya M, Suslova E, Tkachenko N, et al. Dopamine agonists as genital endometriosis target therapy. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2020;36(sup1):7-11. DOI:10.1080/09513590.2020.1816720
4. Smolarz B, Szyłło K, Romanowicz H. Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature). Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(19):10554. DOI:10.3390/ijms221910554
5. Адамян Л.В., Сибирская Е.В., Тарбая Н.О. Проблема эндометриоза у девочек-подростков (обзор литературы). Проблемы репродукции. 2016;22(3):71-6 [Adamyan LV, Sibirskaia EV, Tarbaia NO. The problem of endometriosis in adolescent girls (a review). Russian Journal of Human Reproduction. 2016;22(3):71‑6 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.17116/repro201622371-76
6. Arnold MJ, Osgood AT, Aust A. Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women: ACOG Updates Recommendations. Am Fam Physician. 2021;103(3):186-8.
7. Hirsch M, Dhillon-Smith R, Cutner AS, et al. The Prevalence of Endometriosis in Adolescents with Pelvic Pain: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2020;33(6):623-30. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2020.07.011
8. Oliveira IJ, Pinto PV, Bernardes J. Noninvasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis in Adolescents and Young Female Adults: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2025;38(2):124-38. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2024.07.005
9. Burnett M, Lemyre M. No. 345-Primary Dysmenorrhea Consensus Guideline. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada. 2017;39(7):585-95. DOI:10.1016/j.jogc.2016.12.023
10. Dai Y, Luo H, Zhu L, et al. Dysmenorrhea pattern in adolescences informing adult endometriosis. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1). DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-17825-2
11. Bourdon M, Maignien C, Marcellin L, et al. Distribution of endometriosis phenotypes according to patients' age in adult women with surgical evaluation. Hum Reprod. 2024;39(10):2259-27. DOI:10.1093/humrep/deae180
12. Perkins A. The “silent” pain of endometriosis. Nursing Made Incredibly Easy! 2019;17(3):26-33. DOI:10.1097/01.nme.0000554597.81822.03
13. Martire FG, Lazzeri L, Conway F, et al. Adolescence and endometriosis: symptoms, ultrasound signs and early diagnosis. Fertility and Sterility. 2020;114(5):1049-107. DOI:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.06.012
14. McKenna KA, Fogleman CD. Dysmenorrhea. Am Fam Physician. 2021;104(2):164-70
15. Fleming A, Hardy A. Endometriosis Is More Than a Painful Period. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 2024;21(1):105232. DOI:10.1016/j.nurpra.2024.105232
16. Guideline of European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. Endometriosis. 2022.
17. Федеральные клинические рекомендации «Эндометриоз». 2024 год. Режим доступа: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/259_2. Ссылка активна на 11.07.2025 [Federal'nye klinicheskie rekomendatsii «Endometrioz». 2024 god. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/259_2. Accessed: 11.07.2025 (in Russian)].
18. Hudelist G, Ballard K, English J, et al. Transvaginal sonography vs. clinical examination in the preoperative diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;37(4):480-7. DOI:10.1002/uog.8935
19. Zhang X, He T, Shen W. Comparison of physical examination, ultrasound techniques and magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies. Exp Ther Med. 2020;20(4):3208-20. DOI:10.3892/etm.2020.9043
20. Scioscia M, Virgilio BA, Laganà AS, et al. Differential Diagnosis of Endometriosis by Ultrasound: A Rising Challenge. Diagnostics (Basel). 2020;10(10):848. DOI:10.3390/diagnostics10100848
21. Indrielle-Kelly T, Frühauf F, Burgetová A, et al. Diagnosis of endometriosis 2nd part – Ultrasound diagnosis of endometriosis (adenomyosis, endometriomas, adhesions) in the community. Ceska Gynekol. 2019;84(4):260-6.
22. Piessens S, Edwards A. Sonographic Evaluation for Endometriosis in Routine Pelvic Ultrasound. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2020;27(2):265-6. DOI:10.1016/j.jmig.2019.08.027
23. Kim HJ, Kim SH, Oh YS, et al. Dienogest May Reduce Estradiol- and Inflammatory Cytokine-Induced Cell Viability and Proliferation and Inhibit the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis: A Cell Culture- and Mouse Model-Based Study. Biomedicines. 2022;10(11):2992. DOI:10.3390/biomedicines10112992
24. Ebert AD, Dong L, Merz M, et al. Dienogest 2 mg Daily in the Treatment of Adolescents with Clinically Suspected Endometriosis: The VISanne Study to Assess Safety in ADOlescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017;30(5):560-6. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2017.01.014
25. Mueck AO, Sitruk-Ware R. Nomegestrol acetate, a novel progestogen for oral contraception. Steroids. 2011;76(6):531-9. DOI:10.1016/j.steroids.2011.02.002
26. Bono Y, Kyo S, Kiyono T, et al. Concurrent estrogen action was essential for maximal progestin effect in oral contraceptives. Fertility and Sterility. 2014;101(5):1337-43. DOI:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.02.005
________________________________________________
2. Volker C, Mills J. Endometriosis and body image: Comparing people with and without endometriosis and exploring the relationship with pelvic pain. Body Image. 2022;43:518-22. DOI:10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.10.014
3. Yarmolinskaya M, Suslova E, Tkachenko N, et al. Dopamine agonists as genital endometriosis target therapy. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2020;36(sup1):7-11. DOI:10.1080/09513590.2020.1816720
4. Smolarz B, Szyłło K, Romanowicz H. Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature). Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(19):10554. DOI:10.3390/ijms221910554
5. Adamyan LV, Sibirskaia EV, Tarbaia NO. The problem of endometriosis in adolescent girls (a review). Russian Journal of Human Reproduction. 2016;22(3):71‑6 (in Russian). DOI:10.17116/repro201622371-76
6. Arnold MJ, Osgood AT, Aust A. Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women: ACOG Updates Recommendations. Am Fam Physician. 2021;103(3):186-8.
7. Hirsch M, Dhillon-Smith R, Cutner AS, et al. The Prevalence of Endometriosis in Adolescents with Pelvic Pain: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2020;33(6):623-30. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2020.07.011
8. Oliveira IJ, Pinto PV, Bernardes J. Noninvasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis in Adolescents and Young Female Adults: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2025;38(2):124-38. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2024.07.005
9. Burnett M, Lemyre M. No. 345-Primary Dysmenorrhea Consensus Guideline. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada. 2017;39(7):585-95. DOI:10.1016/j.jogc.2016.12.023
10. Dai Y, Luo H, Zhu L, et al. Dysmenorrhea pattern in adolescences informing adult endometriosis. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1). DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-17825-2
11. Bourdon M, Maignien C, Marcellin L, et al. Distribution of endometriosis phenotypes according to patients' age in adult women with surgical evaluation. Hum Reprod. 2024;39(10):2259-27. DOI:10.1093/humrep/deae180
12. Perkins A. The “silent” pain of endometriosis. Nursing Made Incredibly Easy! 2019;17(3):26-33. DOI:10.1097/01.nme.0000554597.81822.03
13. Martire FG, Lazzeri L, Conway F, et al. Adolescence and endometriosis: symptoms, ultrasound signs and early diagnosis. Fertility and Sterility. 2020;114(5):1049-107. DOI:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.06.012
14. McKenna KA, Fogleman CD. Dysmenorrhea. Am Fam Physician. 2021;104(2):164-70
15. Fleming A, Hardy A. Endometriosis Is More Than a Painful Period. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 2024;21(1):105232. DOI:10.1016/j.nurpra.2024.105232
16. Guideline of European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. Endometriosis. 2022.
17. Federal'nye klinicheskie rekomendatsii «Endometrioz». 2024 god. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/259_2. Accessed: 11.07.2025 (in Russian).
18. Hudelist G, Ballard K, English J, et al. Transvaginal sonography vs. clinical examination in the preoperative diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;37(4):480-7. DOI:10.1002/uog.8935
19. Zhang X, He T, Shen W. Comparison of physical examination, ultrasound techniques and magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies. Exp Ther Med. 2020;20(4):3208-20. DOI:10.3892/etm.2020.9043
20. Scioscia M, Virgilio BA, Laganà AS, et al. Differential Diagnosis of Endometriosis by Ultrasound: A Rising Challenge. Diagnostics (Basel). 2020;10(10):848. DOI:10.3390/diagnostics10100848
21. Indrielle-Kelly T, Frühauf F, Burgetová A, et al. Diagnosis of endometriosis 2nd part – Ultrasound diagnosis of endometriosis (adenomyosis, endometriomas, adhesions) in the community. Ceska Gynekol. 2019;84(4):260-6.
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Авторы
М.Р. Оразов*, В.Е. Радзинский, Е.Д. Долгов
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы», Москва, Россия
*omekan@mail.ru
People’s Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
*omekan@mail.ru
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы», Москва, Россия
*omekan@mail.ru
________________________________________________
People’s Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
*omekan@mail.ru
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