1. Johnson SR, Sita-Lumsden EG. Plastic bronchitis. Thorax 1960; 15: 325–32.
2. Kunder R, Kunder C, Sun HY et al. Pediatric plastic bronchitis: case report and retrospective comparative analysis of epidemiology and pathology. Case Reports Pulmonol 2013; 2013: 649365. DOI: 10.1155/2013/649365
3. Caruthers RL, Kempa M, Loo A et al. Demographic characteristics and estimated prevalence of Fontan-associated plastic bronchitis. Pediatr Cardiol 2013; 34 (2): 256–61.
4. Goldberg DJ, Dodds K, Rychik J. Rare problems associated with the Fontan circulation. Cardiol Young 2010; 20 (S3): 113–9.
5. Allen KY, Downing TE, Glatz AC et al. Effect of Fontan-associated morbidities on survival with intact Fontan circulation. Am J Cardiol 2017; 119 (11): 1866–71.
6. Schumacher KR, Singh TP, Kuebler J et al. Risk factors and outcome of Fontan‐associated plastic bronchitis: a case‐control study. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 2 (2): e000865. 
7. Wiggins J, Sheffield E, Jeffery PK et al. Bronchial casts associated with hilar lymphatic and pulmonary lymphoid abnormalities. Thorax 1989; 44 (3): 226–7.
8. Hug MI, Ersch J, Moenkhoff M et al. Chylous bronchial casts after Fontan operation. Circulation 2001; 103(7): 1031–3.
9. Pérez-Soler A. Cast bronchitis in infants and children. Am J Dis Child 1989; 143 (9): 1024–9.
10. Panchabhai TS, Mukhopadhyay S, Sehgal S et al. Plugs of the air passages: a clinicopathologic review. Chest 2016; 150 (5): 1141–57.
11. ERS handbook of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine. 2013; p. 577–81.
12. Орлов А.В., Кузьмина М.С., Желенина Л.А. и др. Четыре случая пластического бронхита у детей 2–7 лет. Лечение с использованием бронхоскопий, аэрозолей илопроста и 3% раствора NaCl. Вестн. Северо-Западного государственного медицинского университета им. И.И. Мечникова. 2014; 6 (2): 113–9.
[Orlov A.V., Kuz'mina M.S., Zhelenina L.A. et al. Chetyre sluchaia plasticheskogo bronkhita u detei 2–7 let. Lechenie s ispol'zovaniem bronkhoskopii, aerozolei iloprosta i 3% rastvora NaCl. Vestn. Severo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta im. I.I. Mechnikova. 2014; 6 (2): 113–9 (in Russian).]
13. Pawar SS. Management of plastic bronchitis in a child with mild intermittent asthma. Ann Otol Rinol Laryngol 2011; 120 (11): 697–9.
14. Madsen P, Shah SA, Rubin BK. Plastic bronchitis: new insights and a classification scheme. Paediatr Respirat Rev 2005; 6 (4): 292–300.
15. Raghuram N, Pettignano R, Gal AA et al. Plastic bronchitis: an unusual complication associated with sickle cell disease and the acute chest syndrome. Pediatrics 1997; 100 (1): 139–42. DOI: 10.1542/peds.100.1.139
16. Jianhui Z, Kang X. Plastic bronchitis associated with influenza virus infection in children: a report on 14 cases. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79 (4): 481–6.
17. Li Y, Williams RJ, Dombrowski ND et al. Current Evaluation and Management of Plastic Bronchitis in the Pediatric Population. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 130: 109799. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109799
18. Eberlein MH, Drummond MB, Haponik EF. Plastic bronchitis: a management challenge. Am J Med Sci 2008; 335 (2): 163–9.
19. Healy F, Hanna BD, Zinman R. Pulmonary complications of congenital heart disease. Paediatr Respirat Rev 2012; 13 (1): 10–5.
20. Seear M, Hui H, Magee F et al. Bronchial casts in children: a proposed classification based on nine cases and a review of the literature. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155 (1): 364–70. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.155.1.9001337
21. Languepin J, Scheinmann P, Mahut B et al. Bronchial casts in children with cardiopathies: the role of pulmonary lymphatic abnormalities. Pediatr Pulmonol 1999; 28 (5): 329–36.
22. Hug MI, Ersch J, Moenkhoff M et al. Chylous bronchial casts after Fontan operation. Circulation 2001; 103 (7): 1031–3.
23. Werkhaven J, Holinger LD. Bronchial casts in children. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1987; 96 (1): 86–92.
24. Камалтынова Е.М., Кривощеков Е.В., Янулевич О.С., Кавардакова Е.С. Пластический бронхит, ассоциированный с корригированным пороком сердца у ребенка. Бюллетень сибирской медицины. 2017; 16 (2): 180–6.
[Kamaltynova E.M., Krivoshchekov E.V., Ianulevich O.S., Kavardakova E.S. Plasticheskii bronkhit, assotsiirovannyi s korrigirovannym porokom serdtsa u rebenka. Biulleten' sibirskoi meditsiny. 2017; 16 (2): 180–6 (in Russian).]
25. Biko DM, DeWitt AG, Pinto EM et al. MRI Evaluation of Lymphatic Abnormalities in the Neck and Thorax after Fontan Surgery: Relationship with Outcome. Radiology 2019; 291 (3): 774–80.
26. Avitabile CM, Goldberg DJ, Dodds K et al. A multifaceted approach to the management of plastic bronchitis after cavopulmonary palliation. Ann Thorac Surg 2014; 98 (2): 634–40.
27. Costello JM, Steinhorn D, McColley S et al. Treatment of plastic bronchitis in a Fontan patient with tissue plasminogen activator: a case report and review of the literature. Pediatrics 2002; 109 (4): e67.
28. Heath L, Ling S, Racz J et al. Prospective, longitudinal study of plastic bronchitis cast pathology and responsiveness to tissue plasminogen activator. Pediatr Cardiol 2011; 32 (8): 1182–9.
29. Onoue Y, Adachi Y, Ichida F et al. Effective use of corticosteroid in a child with life‐threatening plastic bronchitis after Fontan operation. Pediatr Int 2003; 45 (1): 107–9.
30. Brooks K, Caruthers RL, Schumacher KR et al. Pharmacotherapy Challenges of Fontan‐Associated Plastic Bronchitis: A Rare Pediatric Disease. Pharmacotherapy 2013; 33 (9): 922–34.
31. Quasney MW, Orman K, Thompson J et al. Plastic bronchitis occurring late after the Fontan procedure: treatment with aerosolized urokinase. Crit Care Med 2000; 28 (6): 2107–11.
32. Kunder R, Kunder C, Sun HY et al. Pediatric plastic bronchitis: case report and retrospective comparative analysis of epidemiology and pathology. Case Rep Pulmonol 2013; 2013: 649365.
33. Fairshter RD, Charles AR, Hewlett RI. Large bronchial casts. Arch Inter Med 1979; 139 (5): 522–5.
34. Dori Y, Keller MS, Rome JJ et al. Percutaneous lymphatic embolization of abnormal pulmonary lymphatic flow as treatment of plastic bronchitis in patients with congenital heart disease. Circulation 2016; 133 (12): 1160–70.
35. Rychik J, Atz AM, Celermajer DS et al. Evaluation and Management of the Child and Adult With Fontan Circulation: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2019; 140 (6): 234–84.
36. Скударнов Е.В., Лобанов Ю.Ф., Строзенко Л.А. и др. Пластический бронхит у ребенка (клиническое наблюдение). Мать и дитя в Кузбассе. 2020; 1 (80): 53–8. DOI: 10.24411/2686-7338-2020-10010
[Skudarnov E.V., Lobanov Iu.F., Strozenko L.A. et al. Plasticheskii bronkhit u rebenka (klinicheskoe nabliudenie). Mat' i ditia v Kuzbasse. 2020; 1 (80): 53–8. DOI: 10.24411/2686-7338-2020-10010 (in Russian).]

________________________________________________

1. Johnson SR, Sita-Lumsden EG. Plastic bronchitis. Thorax 1960; 15: 325–32.
2. Kunder R, Kunder C, Sun HY et al. Pediatric plastic bronchitis: case report and retrospective comparative analysis of epidemiology and pathology. Case Reports Pulmonol 2013; 2013: 649365. DOI: 10.1155/2013/649365
3. Caruthers RL, Kempa M, Loo A et al. Demographic characteristics and estimated prevalence of Fontan-associated plastic bronchitis. Pediatr Cardiol 2013; 34 (2): 256–61.
4. Goldberg DJ, Dodds K, Rychik J. Rare problems associated with the Fontan circulation. Cardiol Young 2010; 20 (S3): 113–9.
5. Allen KY, Downing TE, Glatz AC et al. Effect of Fontan-associated morbidities on survival with intact Fontan circulation. Am J Cardiol 2017; 119 (11): 1866–71.
6. Schumacher KR, Singh TP, Kuebler J et al. Risk factors and outcome of Fontan‐associated plastic bronchitis: a case‐control study. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 2 (2): e000865. 
7. Wiggins J, Sheffield E, Jeffery PK et al. Bronchial casts associated with hilar lymphatic and pulmonary lymphoid abnormalities. Thorax 1989; 44 (3): 226–7.
8. Hug MI, Ersch J, Moenkhoff M et al. Chylous bronchial casts after Fontan operation. Circulation 2001; 103(7): 1031–3.
9. Pérez-Soler A. Cast bronchitis in infants and children. Am J Dis Child 1989; 143 (9): 1024–9.
10. Panchabhai TS, Mukhopadhyay S, Sehgal S et al. Plugs of the air passages: a clinicopathologic review. Chest 2016; 150 (5): 1141–57.
11. ERS handbook of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine. 2013; p. 577–81.
12. Orlov A.V., Kuz'mina M.S., Zhelenina L.A. et al. Chetyre sluchaia plasticheskogo bronkhita u detei 2–7 let. Lechenie s ispol'zovaniem bronkhoskopii, aerozolei iloprosta i 3% rastvora NaCl. Vestn. Severo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta im. I.I. Mechnikova. 2014; 6 (2): 113–9 (in Russian).
13. Pawar SS. Management of plastic bronchitis in a child with mild intermittent asthma. Ann Otol Rinol Laryngol 2011; 120 (11): 697–9.
14. Madsen P, Shah SA, Rubin BK. Plastic bronchitis: new insights and a classification scheme. Paediatr Respirat Rev 2005; 6 (4): 292–300.
15. Raghuram N, Pettignano R, Gal AA et al. Plastic bronchitis: an unusual complication associated with sickle cell disease and the acute chest syndrome. Pediatrics 1997; 100 (1): 139–42. DOI: 10.1542/peds.100.1.139
16. Jianhui Z, Kang X. Plastic bronchitis associated with influenza virus infection in children: a report on 14 cases. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79 (4): 481–6.
17. Li Y, Williams RJ, Dombrowski ND et al. Current Evaluation and Management of Plastic Bronchitis in the Pediatric Population. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 130: 109799. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109799
18. Eberlein MH, Drummond MB, Haponik EF. Plastic bronchitis: a management challenge. Am J Med Sci 2008; 335 (2): 163–9.
19. Healy F, Hanna BD, Zinman R. Pulmonary complications of congenital heart disease. Paediatr Respirat Rev 2012; 13 (1): 10–5.
20. Seear M, Hui H, Magee F et al. Bronchial casts in children: a proposed classification based on nine cases and a review of the literature. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155 (1): 364–70. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.155.1.9001337
21. Languepin J, Scheinmann P, Mahut B et al. Bronchial casts in children with cardiopathies: the role of pulmonary lymphatic abnormalities. Pediatr Pulmonol 1999; 28 (5): 329–36.
22. Hug MI, Ersch J, Moenkhoff M et al. Chylous bronchial casts after Fontan operation. Circulation 2001; 103 (7): 1031–3.
23. Werkhaven J, Holinger LD. Bronchial casts in children. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1987; 96 (1): 86–92.
24. Kamaltynova E.M., Krivoshchekov E.V., Ianulevich O.S., Kavardakova E.S. Plasticheskii bronkhit, assotsiirovannyi s korrigirovannym porokom serdtsa u rebenka. Biulleten' sibirskoi meditsiny. 2017; 16 (2): 180–6 (in Russian).
25. Biko DM, DeWitt AG, Pinto EM et al. MRI Evaluation of Lymphatic Abnormalities in the Neck and Thorax after Fontan Surgery: Relationship with Outcome. Radiology 2019; 291 (3): 774–80.
26. Avitabile CM, Goldberg DJ, Dodds K et al. A multifaceted approach to the management of plastic bronchitis after cavopulmonary palliation. Ann Thorac Surg 2014; 98 (2): 634–40.
27. Costello JM, Steinhorn D, McColley S et al. Treatment of plastic bronchitis in a Fontan patient with tissue plasminogen activator: a case report and review of the literature. Pediatrics 2002; 109 (4): e67.
28. Heath L, Ling S, Racz J et al. Prospective, longitudinal study of plastic bronchitis cast pathology and responsiveness to tissue plasminogen activator. Pediatr Cardiol 2011; 32 (8): 1182–9.
29. Onoue Y, Adachi Y, Ichida F et al. Effective use of corticosteroid in a child with life‐threatening plastic bronchitis after Fontan operation. Pediatr Int 2003; 45 (1): 107–9.
30. Brooks K, Caruthers RL, Schumacher KR et al. Pharmacotherapy Challenges of Fontan‐Associated Plastic Bronchitis: A Rare Pediatric Disease. Pharmacotherapy 2013; 33 (9): 922–34.
31. Quasney MW, Orman K, Thompson J et al. Plastic bronchitis occurring late after the Fontan procedure: treatment with aerosolized urokinase. Crit Care Med 2000; 28 (6): 2107–11.
32. Kunder R, Kunder C, Sun HY et al. Pediatric plastic bronchitis: case report and retrospective comparative analysis of epidemiology and pathology. Case Rep Pulmonol 2013; 2013: 649365.
33. Fairshter RD, Charles AR, Hewlett RI. Large bronchial casts. Arch Inter Med 1979; 139 (5): 522–5.
34. Dori Y, Keller MS, Rome JJ et al. Percutaneous lymphatic embolization of abnormal pulmonary lymphatic flow as treatment of plastic bronchitis in patients with congenital heart disease. Circulation 2016; 133 (12): 1160–70.
35. Rychik J, Atz AM, Celermajer DS et al. Evaluation and Management of the Child and Adult With Fontan Circulation: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2019; 140 (6): 234–84.
36. Skudarnov E.V., Lobanov Iu.F., Strozenko L.A. et al. Plasticheskii bronkhit u rebenka (klinicheskoe nabliudenie). Mat' i ditia v Kuzbasse. 2020; 1 (80): 53–8. DOI: 10.24411/2686-7338-2020-10010 (in Russian).

А.Б. Малахов1, Е.А. Яблокова*1, М.И. Ткачев1, И.А. Коваленко2, И.А. Соколина3

1 ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия;
2 ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия;
3 ГБУЗ «Научно-практический клинический центр диагностики и телемедицинских технологий» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия
*catcom@list.ru

________________________________________________

Alexander B. Malakhov1, Ekaterina A. Yablokova*1, Maksim I. Tkachev1, Irina V. Kovalenko2, Irina A. Sokolina3

1 Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia;
2 Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia;
3 Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies, Moscow, Russia
*catcom@list.ru