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Состояние уробиома у детей с пузырно-мочеточниковым рефлюксом
Туров Ф.О., Яцык С.П., Врублевский С.Г., Крапивкин А.И., Коровин С.А. Состояние уробиома у детей с пузырно-мочеточниковым рефлюксом. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2025;1:19–22. DOI: 10.26442/26586630.2025.1.203059
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2025 г.
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2025 г.
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Turov FO, Yatsyk SP, Vrublevskiy SG, Krapivkin AI, Korovin SA. Urobiome status in children with vesicoureteral reflux. A review. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2025;1:19–22. DOI: 10.26442/26586630.2025.1.203059
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Аннотация
Пузырно-мочеточниковый рефлюкс (ПМР) является основным провоцирующим фактором инфекции мочевыводящих путей (МП) у детей и одним из самых дискутабельных и часто встречающихся заболеваний в детской урологии и нефрологии. Цель исследования – анализ зарубежных публикаций, посвященных изучению микробиома мочевыделительной системы у детей с ПМР. Несмотря на разногласия по поводу консервативного лечения ПМР, непрерывная антибиотикопрофилактика, которую назначают длительно в профилактической дозировке, в настоящее время считается стандартом лечения детей раннего возраста с ПМР различной степени. Исследование микробиома мочевыделительной системы находится на начальном этапе развития. Как и микробиом кишечника, микробиом МП (уробиом) формируется с первых дней жизни. Одним из наиболее значимых факторов, которые могут нарушить развитие здорового микробиома, является использование антибиотиков, которые назначают детям в течение первых лет жизни в различной дозировке на длительное время. Изучение их влияния на микробную архитектуру кишечника и общего микробиома становится приоритетом современных исследований. Основным источником микробиома являются внешняя среда и кишечник, а исследования изменения состава микробиома у детей раннего возраста с ПМР, которые получали консервативное лечение в виде непрерывной антибиотикопрофилактики, продемонстрировали, что эта группа детей склонна к высокому содержанию энтеробактерий, таких как Klebsiella spp. и Escherichia coli, что повышает риск возникновения обострения воспалительных заболеваний МП.
Ключевые слова: уробиом, пузырно-мочеточниковый рефлюкс, непрерывная антибиотикопрофилактика, инфекция мочевыводящих путей
Ключевые слова: уробиом, пузырно-мочеточниковый рефлюкс, непрерывная антибиотикопрофилактика, инфекция мочевыводящих путей
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Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the main precipitating factor of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children and one of the most debatable and common diseases in pediatric urology and nephrology. The article analyzes foreign publications on the urinary microbiome in children with VUR. Despite disagreements over non-surgical treatment of VUR, continuous antibiotic prophylaxis, which is prescribed for a long time at a prophylactic dosage, is currently considered the standard of care for young children with VUR of varying grades. The urinary microbiome research is at its early stage. Like the gut microbiome, the UT microbiome (urobiome) is formed from the first days of life. One of the most significant factors that can disrupt the development of a healthy microbiome is the use of antibiotics prescribed to children during the first years of life in various dosages for a long time. The study of their effect on the microbial architecture of the gut and the overall microbiome is becoming a key priority of modern research. The primary source of the microbiome is the environment and the intestine. Studies of the change in the composition of the microbiome in young children with VUR who received non-surgical treatment with continuous antibiotic prophylaxis have demonstrated that this group of children is prone to a high concentration of enterobacteria, such as Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli, which increases the risk of exacerbation of UT inflammatory diseases.
Keywords: urobiome, vesicoureteral reflux, continuous antibiotic prophylaxis, urinary tract infection
Полный текст
Список литературы
1. Bailey R. Vesicoureteric reflux in healthy infants and children. In: Hodson J, Kincaid-Smith P. Masson. Reflux Nephropathy. New York, 1979.
2. Khoury AE, Bagli DJ. Vesicoureteral Reflux. Campbell-Walsh Urology. Vol. 4, 10th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2011.
3. Peters CA, Skoog SJ, Arant BS Jr, et al. Summary of the AUA Guideline on Management of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children. J Urol. 2010;184(3):1134-44. DOI:10.1016/j.juro.2010.05.065
4. Tullus K. Vesicoureteric reflux in children. Lancet. 2015;385(9965):371-9. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60383-4
5. Morello W, La Scola C, Alberici I, Montini G. Acute pyelonephritis in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2016;31(8):1253-65. DOI:10.1007/s00467-015-3168-5
6. Montini G, Tullus K, Hewitt I. Febrile urinary tract infections in children. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(3):239-50. DOI:10.1056/NEJMra1007755
7. Hufnagel M, Versporten A, Bielicki J, et al. High Rates of Prescribing Antimicrobials for Prophylaxis in Children and Neonates: Results from the Antibiotic Resistance and Prescribing in European Children Point Prevalence Survey. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2019;8(2):143-51. DOI:10.1093/jpids/piy019
8. Cho I, Blaser MJ. The human microbiome: at the interface of health and disease. Nat Rev Genet. 2012;13(4):260-70. DOI:10.1038/nrg3182
9. Li J, Jia H, Cai X, et al. An integrated catalog of reference genes in the human gut microbiome. Nat Biotechnol. 2014;32(8):834-41. DOI:10.1038/nbt.2942
10. Frank DN, St Amand AL, Feldman RA, et al. Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of microbial community imbalances in human inflammatory bowel diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104(34):13780-5. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0706625104
11. Gevers D, Kugathasan S, Denson LA, et al. The treatment-naive microbiome in new-onset Crohn's disease. Cell Host Microbe. 2014;15(3):382-92. DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2014.02.005
12. Ni J, Shen TD, Chen EZ, et al. A role for bacterial urease in gut dysbiosis and Crohn's disease. Sci Transl Med. 2017;9(416). DOI:10.1126/scitranslmed.aah6888
13. Захарова И.Н., Оробинская Я.В., Бережная И.В., и др. Почему педиатра интересует вопрос, родился ли ребенок естественным путем или с помощью операции кесарева сечения? Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2024;1:8-14 [Zakharova IN, Orobinskaya YaV, Berezhnaya IV, et al. Why does it matter to the pediatrician whether the baby was born naturally or by Cesarean section? A review. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2024;1:8-14 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.26442/26586630.2024.1.202613
14. Cox LM, Yamanishi S, Sohn J, et al. Altering the intestinal microbiota during a critical developmental window has lasting metabolic consequences. Cell. 2014;158(4):705-21. DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.052
15. Koenig JE, Spor A, Scalfone N, et al. Succession of microbial consortia in the developing infant gut microbiome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2011;108(Suppl. 1):4578-85. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1000081107
16. Wolfe AJ, Brubaker L. "Sterile Urine" and the Presence of Bacteria. Eur Urol. 2015;68(2):173-4. DOI:10.1016/j.eururo.2015.02.041
17. Hilt EE, McKinley K, Pearce MM, et al. Urine is not sterile: use of enhanced urine culture techniques to detect resident bacterial flora in the adult female bladder. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52(3):871-6. DOI:10.1128/JCM.02876-13
18. Perez-Carrasco V, Soriano-Lerma A, Soriano M, et al. Urinary Microbiome: Yin and Yang of the Urinary Tract. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;11:617002. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2021.617002
19. Karstens L, Asquith M, Davin S, et al. Does the Urinary Microbiome Play a Role in Urgency Urinary Incontinence and Its Severity? Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2016;6:78. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2016.00078
20. Pearce MM, Hilt EE, Rosenfeld AB, et al. The female urinary microbiome: a comparison of women with and without urgency urinary incontinence. mBio. 2014;5(4):e01283-14. DOI:10.1128/mBio.01283-14
21. van der Zee A, Roorda L, Bosman G, Ossewaarde JM. Molecular Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections by Semi-Quantitative Detection of Uropathogens in a Routine Clinical Hospital Setting. PLoS One. 2016;11(3):e0150755. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0150755
22. Atay N, Uslu Gökceoğlu A. Evaluation of urinalysis and urine culture in children with first-time urinary tract infection. Turk J Urol. 2021;47(3):242-4. DOI:10.5152/tud.2020.20387
23. Hoffman C, Siddiqui NY, Fields I, et al. Species-Level Resolution of Female Bladder Microbiota from 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing. mSystems. 2021;6(5):e0051821. DOI:10.1128/mSystems.00518-21
24. Shevchenko SG, Radey M, Tchesnokova V, et al. Escherichia coli Clonobiome: Assessing the Strain Diversity in Feces and Urine by Deep Amplicon Sequencing. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2019;85(23). DOI:10.1128/AEM.01866-19
25. Lewis DA, Brown R, Williams J, et al. The human urinary microbiome; bacterial DNA in voided urine of asymptomatic adults. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2013;3:41. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2013.00041
26. Siddiqui H, Nederbragt AJ, Lagesen K, et al. Assessing diversity of the female urine microbiota by high throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons. BMC Microbiol. 2011;11:244. DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-11-244
27. Kinneman L, Zhu W, Wong WSW, et al. Assessment of the Urinary Microbiome in Children Younger Than 48 Months. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2020;39(7):565-70. DOI:10.1097/INF.0000000000002622
28. Fredsgaard L, Thorsteinsson K, Bundgaard-Nielsen C, et al. Description of the voided urinary microbiota in asymptomatic prepubertal children – A pilot study. J Pediatr Urol. 2021;17(4):545.e1-4.e8. DOI:10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.03.019
29. Vitko D, McQuaid JW, Gheinani AH, et al. Urinary Tract Infections in Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux are Accompanied by Alterations in Urinary Microbiota and Metabolome Profiles. Eur Urol. 2022;81(2):151-5. DOI:10.1016/j.eururo.2021.08.022
30. Kelly MS, Dahl EM, Jeries LM, et al. Characterization of pediatric urinary microbiome at species-level resolution indicates variation due to sex, age, and urologic history. J Pediatr Urol. 2024;20(5):884-93. DOI:10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.05.016
2. Khoury AE, Bagli DJ. Vesicoureteral Reflux. Campbell-Walsh Urology. Vol. 4, 10th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2011.
3. Peters CA, Skoog SJ, Arant BS Jr, et al. Summary of the AUA Guideline on Management of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children. J Urol. 2010;184(3):1134-44. DOI:10.1016/j.juro.2010.05.065
4. Tullus K. Vesicoureteric reflux in children. Lancet. 2015;385(9965):371-9. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60383-4
5. Morello W, La Scola C, Alberici I, Montini G. Acute pyelonephritis in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2016;31(8):1253-65. DOI:10.1007/s00467-015-3168-5
6. Montini G, Tullus K, Hewitt I. Febrile urinary tract infections in children. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(3):239-50. DOI:10.1056/NEJMra1007755
7. Hufnagel M, Versporten A, Bielicki J, et al. High Rates of Prescribing Antimicrobials for Prophylaxis in Children and Neonates: Results from the Antibiotic Resistance and Prescribing in European Children Point Prevalence Survey. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2019;8(2):143-51. DOI:10.1093/jpids/piy019
8. Cho I, Blaser MJ. The human microbiome: at the interface of health and disease. Nat Rev Genet. 2012;13(4):260-70. DOI:10.1038/nrg3182
9. Li J, Jia H, Cai X, et al. An integrated catalog of reference genes in the human gut microbiome. Nat Biotechnol. 2014;32(8):834-41. DOI:10.1038/nbt.2942
10. Frank DN, St Amand AL, Feldman RA, et al. Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of microbial community imbalances in human inflammatory bowel diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104(34):13780-5. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0706625104
11. Gevers D, Kugathasan S, Denson LA, et al. The treatment-naive microbiome in new-onset Crohn's disease. Cell Host Microbe. 2014;15(3):382-92. DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2014.02.005
12. Ni J, Shen TD, Chen EZ, et al. A role for bacterial urease in gut dysbiosis and Crohn's disease. Sci Transl Med. 2017;9(416). DOI:10.1126/scitranslmed.aah6888
13. Захарова И.Н., Оробинская Я.В., Бережная И.В., и др. Почему педиатра интересует вопрос, родился ли ребенок естественным путем или с помощью операции кесарева сечения? Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2024;1:8-14 [Zakharova IN, Orobinskaya YaV, Berezhnaya IV, et al. Why does it matter to the pediatrician whether the baby was born naturally or by Cesarean section? A review. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2024;1:8-14 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.26442/26586630.2024.1.202613
14. Cox LM, Yamanishi S, Sohn J, et al. Altering the intestinal microbiota during a critical developmental window has lasting metabolic consequences. Cell. 2014;158(4):705-21. DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.052
15. Koenig JE, Spor A, Scalfone N, et al. Succession of microbial consortia in the developing infant gut microbiome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2011;108(Suppl. 1):4578-85. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1000081107
16. Wolfe AJ, Brubaker L. "Sterile Urine" and the Presence of Bacteria. Eur Urol. 2015;68(2):173-4. DOI:10.1016/j.eururo.2015.02.041
17. Hilt EE, McKinley K, Pearce MM, et al. Urine is not sterile: use of enhanced urine culture techniques to detect resident bacterial flora in the adult female bladder. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52(3):871-6. DOI:10.1128/JCM.02876-13
18. Perez-Carrasco V, Soriano-Lerma A, Soriano M, et al. Urinary Microbiome: Yin and Yang of the Urinary Tract. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;11:617002. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2021.617002
19. Karstens L, Asquith M, Davin S, et al. Does the Urinary Microbiome Play a Role in Urgency Urinary Incontinence and Its Severity? Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2016;6:78. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2016.00078
20. Pearce MM, Hilt EE, Rosenfeld AB, et al. The female urinary microbiome: a comparison of women with and without urgency urinary incontinence. mBio. 2014;5(4):e01283-14. DOI:10.1128/mBio.01283-14
21. van der Zee A, Roorda L, Bosman G, Ossewaarde JM. Molecular Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections by Semi-Quantitative Detection of Uropathogens in a Routine Clinical Hospital Setting. PLoS One. 2016;11(3):e0150755. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0150755
22. Atay N, Uslu Gökceoğlu A. Evaluation of urinalysis and urine culture in children with first-time urinary tract infection. Turk J Urol. 2021;47(3):242-4. DOI:10.5152/tud.2020.20387
23. Hoffman C, Siddiqui NY, Fields I, et al. Species-Level Resolution of Female Bladder Microbiota from 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing. mSystems. 2021;6(5):e0051821. DOI:10.1128/mSystems.00518-21
24. Shevchenko SG, Radey M, Tchesnokova V, et al. Escherichia coli Clonobiome: Assessing the Strain Diversity in Feces and Urine by Deep Amplicon Sequencing. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2019;85(23). DOI:10.1128/AEM.01866-19
25. Lewis DA, Brown R, Williams J, et al. The human urinary microbiome; bacterial DNA in voided urine of asymptomatic adults. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2013;3:41. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2013.00041
26. Siddiqui H, Nederbragt AJ, Lagesen K, et al. Assessing diversity of the female urine microbiota by high throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons. BMC Microbiol. 2011;11:244. DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-11-244
27. Kinneman L, Zhu W, Wong WSW, et al. Assessment of the Urinary Microbiome in Children Younger Than 48 Months. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2020;39(7):565-70. DOI:10.1097/INF.0000000000002622
28. Fredsgaard L, Thorsteinsson K, Bundgaard-Nielsen C, et al. Description of the voided urinary microbiota in asymptomatic prepubertal children – A pilot study. J Pediatr Urol. 2021;17(4):545.e1-4.e8. DOI:10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.03.019
29. Vitko D, McQuaid JW, Gheinani AH, et al. Urinary Tract Infections in Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux are Accompanied by Alterations in Urinary Microbiota and Metabolome Profiles. Eur Urol. 2022;81(2):151-5. DOI:10.1016/j.eururo.2021.08.022
30. Kelly MS, Dahl EM, Jeries LM, et al. Characterization of pediatric urinary microbiome at species-level resolution indicates variation due to sex, age, and urologic history. J Pediatr Urol. 2024;20(5):884-93. DOI:10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.05.016
________________________________________________
1. Bailey R. Vesicoureteric reflux in healthy infants and children. In: Hodson J, Kincaid-Smith P. Masson. Reflux Nephropathy. New York, 1979.
2. Khoury AE, Bagli DJ. Vesicoureteral Reflux. Campbell-Walsh Urology. Vol. 4, 10th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2011.
3. Peters CA, Skoog SJ, Arant BS Jr, et al. Summary of the AUA Guideline on Management of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children. J Urol. 2010;184(3):1134-44. DOI:10.1016/j.juro.2010.05.065
4. Tullus K. Vesicoureteric reflux in children. Lancet. 2015;385(9965):371-9. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60383-4
5. Morello W, La Scola C, Alberici I, Montini G. Acute pyelonephritis in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2016;31(8):1253-65. DOI:10.1007/s00467-015-3168-5
6. Montini G, Tullus K, Hewitt I. Febrile urinary tract infections in children. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(3):239-50. DOI:10.1056/NEJMra1007755
7. Hufnagel M, Versporten A, Bielicki J, et al. High Rates of Prescribing Antimicrobials for Prophylaxis in Children and Neonates: Results from the Antibiotic Resistance and Prescribing in European Children Point Prevalence Survey. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2019;8(2):143-51. DOI:10.1093/jpids/piy019
8. Cho I, Blaser MJ. The human microbiome: at the interface of health and disease. Nat Rev Genet. 2012;13(4):260-70. DOI:10.1038/nrg3182
9. Li J, Jia H, Cai X, et al. An integrated catalog of reference genes in the human gut microbiome. Nat Biotechnol. 2014;32(8):834-41. DOI:10.1038/nbt.2942
10. Frank DN, St Amand AL, Feldman RA, et al. Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of microbial community imbalances in human inflammatory bowel diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104(34):13780-5. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0706625104
11. Gevers D, Kugathasan S, Denson LA, et al. The treatment-naive microbiome in new-onset Crohn's disease. Cell Host Microbe. 2014;15(3):382-92. DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2014.02.005
12. Ni J, Shen TD, Chen EZ, et al. A role for bacterial urease in gut dysbiosis and Crohn's disease. Sci Transl Med. 2017;9(416). DOI:10.1126/scitranslmed.aah6888
13. Zakharova IN, Orobinskaya YaV, Berezhnaya IV, et al. Why does it matter to the pediatrician whether the baby was born naturally or by Cesarean section? A review. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2024;1:8-14 (in Russian). DOI:10.26442/26586630.2024.1.202613
14. Cox LM, Yamanishi S, Sohn J, et al. Altering the intestinal microbiota during a critical developmental window has lasting metabolic consequences. Cell. 2014;158(4):705-21. DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.052
15. Koenig JE, Spor A, Scalfone N, et al. Succession of microbial consortia in the developing infant gut microbiome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2011;108(Suppl. 1):4578-85. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1000081107
16. Wolfe AJ, Brubaker L. "Sterile Urine" and the Presence of Bacteria. Eur Urol. 2015;68(2):173-4. DOI:10.1016/j.eururo.2015.02.041
17. Hilt EE, McKinley K, Pearce MM, et al. Urine is not sterile: use of enhanced urine culture techniques to detect resident bacterial flora in the adult female bladder. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52(3):871-6. DOI:10.1128/JCM.02876-13
18. Perez-Carrasco V, Soriano-Lerma A, Soriano M, et al. Urinary Microbiome: Yin and Yang of the Urinary Tract. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;11:617002. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2021.617002
19. Karstens L, Asquith M, Davin S, et al. Does the Urinary Microbiome Play a Role in Urgency Urinary Incontinence and Its Severity? Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2016;6:78. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2016.00078
20. Pearce MM, Hilt EE, Rosenfeld AB, et al. The female urinary microbiome: a comparison of women with and without urgency urinary incontinence. mBio. 2014;5(4):e01283-14. DOI:10.1128/mBio.01283-14
21. van der Zee A, Roorda L, Bosman G, Ossewaarde JM. Molecular Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections by Semi-Quantitative Detection of Uropathogens in a Routine Clinical Hospital Setting. PLoS One. 2016;11(3):e0150755. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0150755
22. Atay N, Uslu Gökceoğlu A. Evaluation of urinalysis and urine culture in children with first-time urinary tract infection. Turk J Urol. 2021;47(3):242-4. DOI:10.5152/tud.2020.20387
23. Hoffman C, Siddiqui NY, Fields I, et al. Species-Level Resolution of Female Bladder Microbiota from 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing. mSystems. 2021;6(5):e0051821. DOI:10.1128/mSystems.00518-21
24. Shevchenko SG, Radey M, Tchesnokova V, et al. Escherichia coli Clonobiome: Assessing the Strain Diversity in Feces and Urine by Deep Amplicon Sequencing. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2019;85(23). DOI:10.1128/AEM.01866-19
25. Lewis DA, Brown R, Williams J, et al. The human urinary microbiome; bacterial DNA in voided urine of asymptomatic adults. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2013;3:41. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2013.00041
26. Siddiqui H, Nederbragt AJ, Lagesen K, et al. Assessing diversity of the female urine microbiota by high throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons. BMC Microbiol. 2011;11:244. DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-11-244
27. Kinneman L, Zhu W, Wong WSW, et al. Assessment of the Urinary Microbiome in Children Younger Than 48 Months. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2020;39(7):565-70. DOI:10.1097/INF.0000000000002622
28. Fredsgaard L, Thorsteinsson K, Bundgaard-Nielsen C, et al. Description of the voided urinary microbiota in asymptomatic prepubertal children – A pilot study. J Pediatr Urol. 2021;17(4):545.e1-4.e8. DOI:10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.03.019
29. Vitko D, McQuaid JW, Gheinani AH, et al. Urinary Tract Infections in Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux are Accompanied by Alterations in Urinary Microbiota and Metabolome Profiles. Eur Urol. 2022;81(2):151-5. DOI:10.1016/j.eururo.2021.08.022
30. Kelly MS, Dahl EM, Jeries LM, et al. Characterization of pediatric urinary microbiome at species-level resolution indicates variation due to sex, age, and urologic history. J Pediatr Urol. 2024;20(5):884-93. DOI:10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.05.016
Авторы
Ф.О. Туров*1, С.П. Яцык2,3, С.Г. Врублевский1,4, А.И. Крапивкин1,4, С.А. Коровин3,5
1ГБУЗ «Научно-практический центр специализированной медицинской помощи детям им. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия;
2ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
3ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
4ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет), Москва, Россия;
5ГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница им. З.А. Башляевой», Москва, Россия
*Filipp_100@mail.ru
1ГБУЗ «Научно-практический центр специализированной медицинской помощи детям им. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия;
2ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
3ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
4ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет), Москва, Россия;
5ГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница им. З.А. Башляевой», Москва, Россия
*Filipp_100@mail.ru
________________________________________________
Filipp O. Turov*1, Sergey P. Yatsyk2,3, Sergey G. Vrublevskiy1,4, Alexey I. Krapivkin1,4, Sergey A. Korovin3,5
1Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Medical Care for Children, Moscow, Russia;
2National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Russia;
3Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia;
4Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov University), Moscow, Russia;
5Bashlyaeva Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
*Filipp_100@mail.ru
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