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Ассоциация клинических и генетических факторов с гипертрофией левого желудочка при артериальной гипертензии среди коренного населения Горной Шории
Ассоциация клинических и генетических факторов с гипертрофией левого желудочка при артериальной гипертензии среди коренного населения Горной Шории
Мулерова Т.А., Кузьмина А.А., Чигисова А.Н. и др. Ассоциация клинических и генетических факторов с гипертрофией левого желудочка при артериальной гипертензии среди коренного населения Горной Шории. Системные гипертензии. 2015; 12 (4): 11–17.
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Аннотация
Цель: определить ассоциации клинических и генетических факторов с гипертрофией миокарда левого желудочка (ГЛЖ) среди пациентов с артериальной гипертензией (АГ) – коренных жителей Горной Шории.
Материал и методы. Проведено клинико-эпидемиологическое исследование коренного населения труднодоступных районов Горной Шории. Сплошным методом обследованы 547 человек, выборка состояла из взрослого населения (18 лет и старше). Изучены антропометрические данные, показатели липидного спектра крови, полиморфизмы генов ADRB1 (Ser49Gly, A/G, rs1801252) ADRA2B (I/D), ACE (I/D), eNOS (4a/4b) и MTHFR (С677Т, Ala222Val, rs1801133) и их ассоциации с ГЛЖ.
Результаты. ГЛЖ среди пациентов с АГ была выявлена у 47,3% респондентов. Отношение шансов (ОШ) обнаружить среди больных с продолжительностью АГ до 5 лет респондентов с гипертрофированным миокардом в 0,5 раза ниже (38,2%), чем у лиц без данной патологии сердца – 61,8%, тогда как среди лиц с длительностью анамнеза АГ более 10 лет – в 4,1 раза выше: 73,3% против 26,7%. В популяции шорцев гиперхолестеринемия и гипербетахолестеринемия ассоциировались с гипертрофированным поражением миокарда. Процент курящих в когорте пациентов с АГ с поражением сердца составил 37,8% и был выше в 2,0 раза, чем среди больных АГ без ГЛЖ (22,0%). С относительным риском развития АГ с поражением миокарда в популяции шорцев ассоциировался аллель I гена АСЕ. ОШ выявить пациентов с АГ с поражением сердца у респондентов с гетерозиготным генотипом АG гена ADRB1 был выше в 3,0 раза по сравнению с обследованными лицами с гомозиготными генотипами АА и GG.
Заключение. Среди шорцев на риск развития АГ с ГЛЖ оказывали влияние факторы: длительность течения данного заболевания более 10 лет, курение, гиперхолестеринемия, гипербетахолестеринемия. Установлены ассоциации генотипа II гена ACE и генотипа AG гена ADRB1 с развитием ГЛЖ среди больных АГ в популяции шорцев.
Ключевые слова: гены-кандидаты, артериальная гипертензия, шорцы, гипертрофия миокарда левого желудочка.
Design and methods. A clinical-epidemiological study of Mountain Shoria indigenous populations at isolated regions was undertaken. Continuous method surveyed 547 people, consisted of a sample of the adult population (18 years and older). Studied anthropometric data, lipid spectrum of the blood polymorphisms of genes ADRB1 (Ser49Gly, A/G, rs1801252) ADRA2B (I/D), ACE (I/D), eNOS (4a/4b) and MTHFR (C677T, Ala222Val, rs1801133) and their association with left ventricular hypertrophy.
Results. The left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension was detected in 47.3% of the respondents. The odds ratio found among patients with hypertension duration of 5 years with the respondents hypertrophied myocardium 0.5 times lower (38.2%) than people without this disease of the heart – 61.8%, while among those with hypertension long history of more than 10 years, 4.1 times higher: 73.3% vs 26.7%. In a population of Shor hypercholesterolemia and giperbetaholesterinemiya associated with exaggerated myocardial damage. The percentage of smokers in a cohort of patients with hypertensive cardiac disease was (37.8%) and was higher by 2.0 times than in hypertensive patients without left ventricular hypertrophy (22.0%). With the relative risk of hypertension with myocardial damage in a population Shor associated gene ACE I allele. The odds ratio of hypertension to identify patients with cardiac respondents with heterozygous genotype AG ADRB1 gene was 3.0 times higher compared to the surveyed individuals with homozygous genotypes AA and GG.
Conclusion. Among Shor risk of hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy was influenced by factors: prolonged duration of the disease more than 10 years, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, giperbetaholesterinemiya. Installed Association II genotype of ACE gene and gene genotype AG ADRB1s development of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with arterial hypertension in the population of Shor.
Key words: candidate genes, hypertension, Shor, left ventricular hypertrophy.
Материал и методы. Проведено клинико-эпидемиологическое исследование коренного населения труднодоступных районов Горной Шории. Сплошным методом обследованы 547 человек, выборка состояла из взрослого населения (18 лет и старше). Изучены антропометрические данные, показатели липидного спектра крови, полиморфизмы генов ADRB1 (Ser49Gly, A/G, rs1801252) ADRA2B (I/D), ACE (I/D), eNOS (4a/4b) и MTHFR (С677Т, Ala222Val, rs1801133) и их ассоциации с ГЛЖ.
Результаты. ГЛЖ среди пациентов с АГ была выявлена у 47,3% респондентов. Отношение шансов (ОШ) обнаружить среди больных с продолжительностью АГ до 5 лет респондентов с гипертрофированным миокардом в 0,5 раза ниже (38,2%), чем у лиц без данной патологии сердца – 61,8%, тогда как среди лиц с длительностью анамнеза АГ более 10 лет – в 4,1 раза выше: 73,3% против 26,7%. В популяции шорцев гиперхолестеринемия и гипербетахолестеринемия ассоциировались с гипертрофированным поражением миокарда. Процент курящих в когорте пациентов с АГ с поражением сердца составил 37,8% и был выше в 2,0 раза, чем среди больных АГ без ГЛЖ (22,0%). С относительным риском развития АГ с поражением миокарда в популяции шорцев ассоциировался аллель I гена АСЕ. ОШ выявить пациентов с АГ с поражением сердца у респондентов с гетерозиготным генотипом АG гена ADRB1 был выше в 3,0 раза по сравнению с обследованными лицами с гомозиготными генотипами АА и GG.
Заключение. Среди шорцев на риск развития АГ с ГЛЖ оказывали влияние факторы: длительность течения данного заболевания более 10 лет, курение, гиперхолестеринемия, гипербетахолестеринемия. Установлены ассоциации генотипа II гена ACE и генотипа AG гена ADRB1 с развитием ГЛЖ среди больных АГ в популяции шорцев.
Ключевые слова: гены-кандидаты, артериальная гипертензия, шорцы, гипертрофия миокарда левого желудочка.
________________________________________________
Design and methods. A clinical-epidemiological study of Mountain Shoria indigenous populations at isolated regions was undertaken. Continuous method surveyed 547 people, consisted of a sample of the adult population (18 years and older). Studied anthropometric data, lipid spectrum of the blood polymorphisms of genes ADRB1 (Ser49Gly, A/G, rs1801252) ADRA2B (I/D), ACE (I/D), eNOS (4a/4b) and MTHFR (C677T, Ala222Val, rs1801133) and their association with left ventricular hypertrophy.
Results. The left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension was detected in 47.3% of the respondents. The odds ratio found among patients with hypertension duration of 5 years with the respondents hypertrophied myocardium 0.5 times lower (38.2%) than people without this disease of the heart – 61.8%, while among those with hypertension long history of more than 10 years, 4.1 times higher: 73.3% vs 26.7%. In a population of Shor hypercholesterolemia and giperbetaholesterinemiya associated with exaggerated myocardial damage. The percentage of smokers in a cohort of patients with hypertensive cardiac disease was (37.8%) and was higher by 2.0 times than in hypertensive patients without left ventricular hypertrophy (22.0%). With the relative risk of hypertension with myocardial damage in a population Shor associated gene ACE I allele. The odds ratio of hypertension to identify patients with cardiac respondents with heterozygous genotype AG ADRB1 gene was 3.0 times higher compared to the surveyed individuals with homozygous genotypes AA and GG.
Conclusion. Among Shor risk of hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy was influenced by factors: prolonged duration of the disease more than 10 years, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, giperbetaholesterinemiya. Installed Association II genotype of ACE gene and gene genotype AG ADRB1s development of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with arterial hypertension in the population of Shor.
Key words: candidate genes, hypertension, Shor, left ventricular hypertrophy.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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19. Lima JJ, Feng H, Duckworth L et al. Association analyses of adrenergic receptor polymorphisms with obesity and metabolic alterations. Metabolism 2007; 56 (6): 757–65.
20. Salimi S, Firoozrai M, Nourmohammadi I et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene intron 4 VNTR polymorphism in patients with coronary artery disease in Iran. Indian J Med Res 2006; 124 (6): 683–8.
21. Frigo G, Bertolo O, Roman E et al. Relationship of left ventricular mass with clinic blood pressure measured over a six month period vs. ambulatory blood pressure (abstract). J Hypertens 2000;18 (2): 44.
22. Lewis J, Maron B. Diversity of patterns of hypertrophy in patients with systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1990; 65 (13): 874–81.
23. Кобалава Ж.Д., Котовская Ю.В. Артериальная гипертония: ключи к диагностике и лечению. М.: Фортэ, 2007. / Kobalava Z.D., Kotovskaya U.V Arterial hypertension: keys to diagnostics and treatment. M.: Forte; 2007. [in Russian]
24. Smalcelj A, Puljevic D, Buljevic B et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy in obese hypertensives: is it really eccentric? Coll Antropol 2000; 24 (1): 167–83.
25. Grandi AM, Zanzi P, Piantanida E et al. Obesity and left ventricular diastolic function: noninvasive study in normotensives and newly diagnosed never-treated hypertensives. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000; 24 (8): 954–8.
26. Payne JR, Eleftheriou KI, James LE et al. Left ventricular growth response to exercise and cigarette smoking: data from LARGE Heart. Heart 2006; 92 (12): 1784–8.
27. Wende AR, Symons JD, Abel ED. Mechanisms of lipotoxicity in the cardiovascular system. Curr Hypertens Rep 2012; 14: 517–31.
28. Frangogiannis NG. The immune system and cardiac repair. Pharmacol Res 2008; 58 (2): 88–111.
29. Минушкина Л.О., Затейщиков Д.А., Сидоренко Б.А. Генетические аспекты регуляции эндотелиальной функции при артериальной гипертонии. Кардиология. 2000; 3: 68–71. / Minushkina L.O., Zateyschikov D.A., Sidorenko B.A. Genetic aspects of the regulation of endothelial function in patients with arterial hypertension. Cardiology. 2000; 3: 68–71. [in Russian]
30. Schunkert H, Hengstenberg C, Holmer SR et al. Lack of association between apolymorphism of the aldosteron esynthase gene and left ventricular structure. Circulation 1999; 99: 2255–60.
31. Кобалава Ж.Д., Караулова Ю.Л., Котовская Ю.В. и др. Генетические аспекты гипертрофии левого желудочка. М.: Вестник РУДН. 2002; 4: 21–9. / Kobalava Zh.D., Karaulova Y.L., Kotovskaya Y.V. et al. Genetic aspects of left ventricular hypertrophy. M.: Bulletin RUDN. 2002; 4: 21–9. [in Russian]
32. Fox CS, Heard-Costa NL, Vasan RS et al. Genomewide linkage analysis of weight change in the Framingham heart study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 15: 3197–201.
33. Penesova A, Cizmarova E, Kvetnansky R et al. Insertion/deletion polymorphism on ACE gene is associated with endothelial dysfunction in young patients with hypertension. Horm Metab Res 2006; 38 (9): 592–7.
34. Glavnik N, Petrovic D. M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene and insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-1 converting enzyme gene in essential arterial hypertension in Caucasians. Folia Biol (Praha) 2007; 53 (2): 69–70.
35. Fatini C, Guazelli R, Manetti P et al. RAS genes influence exercise-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: an elite athletes study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32 (11): 1868–72.
36. Fu C, Wang H, Wang S et al. Association of beta 1-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms with left ventricular hypertrophy in human essential hypertension. Clin Biochem 2008; 41 (10–11): 773–8.
37. Meyers KJ, Mosley TH, Fox E et al. Genetic variations associated with echocardiographic left ventricular traitsin hypertensive blacks. Hypertension 2007; 49 (5): 992–99.
2. Sehestedt T, Jeppesen J, Hansen TW et al. Thresholds for pulse wave velocity, urine albumin creatinine ratio and left ventricular mass index using SCORE, Framingham and ESH/ESC risk charts. J Hypertens 2012; 30: 1928–36.
3. Kristensen SD, Baumgartner H, Casadeiet B et al. Highlights of the 2008 Scientific Sessions of the European Society of Cardiology: J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52 (24): 2032–42.
4. Smirnova M.D., Ageev F.T. Left ventricular hypertrophy: prognosticvalue, pathogenesis and theability to reverse development. Focus on angiotensin receptor blockers. Cardiovascular therapy and prevention. 2007; 6 (6): 109–16. [in Russian]
5. Conradi A.О. Treatment of hypertension in special groups of patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy. Arterial hypertension. 2005; 11 (2): 105–10. [in Russian]
6. Guidelines for hypertension. Ed. E.I.Chazova, I.E.Chazova. M.: Media Medica, 2005; с. 201–217, 596–616. [in Russian]
7. Danlof B, Devereux RB, Kieldsen SE et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomized trial against atenolol. Lancet 2002; 359: 995–1003.
8. Levy D, Salomon M, D'Agostino RB et al. Prognostic implications of baseline electrocardiographic features and their serial changes in subjects with left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation 1994; 90 (4): 1786–93.
9. Brazznik V.A., Zateishikov D.A., Sidorenko B.A. Hereditary factors and left ventricle hypertension. Cardiology. 2003; 43 (1): 78–88. [in Russian]
10. Bianchi G, Ferrari P, Staessen JA. Adducin Polymorphism: Detection and impact on hypertension and related disorders hypertension. J American Heart Association 2005; 45 (3): 331–40.
11. Wolff B, Grabe HJ, Schluter C et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase Glu 298 Asp gene polymorphism, blood pressure and hypertension in a general population sample. J Hypertens 2005; 23 (7): 1361–6.
12. Zivко M, Кusеc R, GаlеsićК. Imраct оf аngiоtеnsin-cоnvеrtingеnzymе gеnероlymоrрhismоn рrоtеinuriааndаrtеriаl hyреrtеnsiоn. Аntrороlоgy 2013; 37 (3): 765–70.
13. Deng AY Genetic basis of polygenic hypertension. Human Mol Genet 2007; 16 (2): 195–202.
14. Кishimоtо T. еNОS Glu298Аsр роlymоrрhism аnd hyреrtеnsiоn in а cоhоrt study in Jараnеsе. Рrеvеntivе Mеd 2004; 39 (5): 927–31.
15. Prineas RJ, Crow RS, Zhang Z-M. The Minnesota Code Manual of Electrocardiographic Findings. Standards and Procedures for Measurement in Epidwmiologic and Clinical Trials. Second Edition, New and Enlarged. Springer, London Dordrecht Heidelberg New York, 2010.
16. Devereux RB, Alonso DR, Lutas EM et al. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy: comparison to necropsy findings. Am. J Cardiol 1986; 57 (6): 450–8.
17. Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification. Eur J Echocardiogr 2006; 7: 79–108.
18. Snapir A, Scheinin M, Groop LC, Orho-Melander M. The insertion/deletion variation in the a2B-adrenoceptor does not seem to modify the risk for acute myocardial infarction, but may modify the risk for hypertension in sib-pairs from families with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2003; 24 (2): 15.
19. Lima JJ, Feng H, Duckworth L et al. Association analyses of adrenergic receptor polymorphisms with obesity and metabolic alterations. Metabolism 2007; 56 (6): 757–65.
20. Salimi S, Firoozrai M, Nourmohammadi I et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene intron 4 VNTR polymorphism in patients with coronary artery disease in Iran. Indian J Med Res 2006; 124 (6): 683–8.
21. Frigo G, Bertolo O, Roman E et al. Relationship of left ventricular mass with clinic blood pressure measured over a six month period vs. ambulatory blood pressure (abstract). J Hypertens 2000;18 (2): 44.
22. Lewis J, Maron B. Diversity of patterns of hypertrophy in patients with systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1990; 65 (13): 874–81.
23. Kobalava Z.D., Kotovskaya U.V Arterial hypertension: keys to diagnostics and treatment. M.: Forte; 2007. [in Russian]
24. Smalcelj A, Puljevic D, Buljevic B et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy in obese hypertensives: is it really eccentric? Coll Antropol 2000; 24 (1): 167–83.
25. Grandi AM, Zanzi P, Piantanida E et al. Obesity and left ventricular diastolic function: noninvasive study in normotensives and newly diagnosed never-treated hypertensives. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000; 24 (8): 954–8.
26. Payne JR, Eleftheriou KI, James LE et al. Left ventricular growth response to exercise and cigarette smoking: data from LARGE Heart. Heart 2006; 92 (12): 1784–8.
27. Wende AR, Symons JD, Abel ED. Mechanisms of lipotoxicity in the cardiovascular system. Curr Hypertens Rep 2012; 14: 517–31.
28. Frangogiannis NG. The immune system and cardiac repair. Pharmacol Res 2008; 58 (2): 88–111.
29. Minushkina L.O., Zateyschikov D.A., Sidorenko B.A. Genetic aspects of the regulation of endothelial function in patients with arterial hypertension. Cardiology. 2000; 3: 68–71. [in Russian]
30. Schunkert H, Hengstenberg C, Holmer SR et al. Lack of association between apolymorphism of the aldosteron esynthase gene and left ventricular structure. Circulation 1999; 99: 2255–60.
31. Kobalava Zh.D., Karaulova Y.L., Kotovskaya Y.V. et al. Genetic aspects of left ventricular hypertrophy. M.: Bulletin RUDN. 2002; 4: 21–9. [in Russian]
32. Fox CS, Heard-Costa NL, Vasan RS et al. Genomewide linkage analysis of weight change in the Framingham heart study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 15: 3197–201.
33. Penesova A, Cizmarova E, Kvetnansky R et al. Insertion/deletion polymorphism on ACE gene is associated with endothelial dysfunction in young patients with hypertension. Horm Metab Res 2006; 38 (9): 592–7.
34. Glavnik N, Petrovic D. M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene and insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-1 converting enzyme gene in essential arterial hypertension in Caucasians. Folia Biol (Praha) 2007; 53 (2): 69–70.
35. Fatini C, Guazelli R, Manetti P et al. RAS genes influence exercise-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: an elite athletes study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32 (11): 1868–72.
36. Fu C, Wang H, Wang S et al. Association of beta 1-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms with left ventricular hypertrophy in human essential hypertension. Clin Biochem 2008; 41 (10–11): 773–8.
37. Meyers KJ, Mosley TH, Fox E et al. Genetic variations associated with echocardiographic left ventricular traitsin hypertensive blacks. Hypertension 2007; 49 (5): 992–99.
2. Sehestedt T, Jeppesen J, Hansen TW et al. Thresholds for pulse wave velocity, urine albumin creatinine ratio and left ventricular mass index using SCORE, Framingham and ESH/ESC risk charts. J Hypertens 2012; 30: 1928–36.
3. Kristensen SD, Baumgartner H, Casadeiet B et al. Highlights of the 2008 Scientific Sessions of the European Society of Cardiology: J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52 (24): 2032–42.
4. Cмирнова М.Д., Агеев Ф.Т. Гипертрофия левого желудочка: прогностическое значение, патогенез и возможность обратного развития. Фокус на блокаторы ангиотензиновых рецепторов. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика 2007; 6 (6): 109–16. / Smirnova M.D., Ageev F.T. Left ventricular hypertrophy: prognosticvalue, pathogenesis and theability to reverse development. Focus on angiotensin receptor blockers. Cardiovascular therapy and prevention. 2007; 6 (6): 109–16. [in Russian]
5. Конради А.О.Лечение артериальной гипертензии в особых группах больных. Гипертрофия левого желудочка. Артериальная гипертензия. 2005; 11 (2): 105–10. / Conradi A.О. Treatment of hypertension in special groups of patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy. Arterial hypertension. 2005; 11 (2): 105–10. [in Russian]
6. Руководство по артериальной гипертонии. Под ред. Е.И.Чазова, И.Е.Чазовой. М.: Медиа Медика, 2005; с. 201–217, 596–616. / Guidelines for hypertension. Ed. E.I.Chazova, I.E.Chazova. M.: Media Medica, 2005; с. 201–217, 596–616. [in Russian]
7. Danlof B, Devereux RB, Kieldsen SE et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomized trial against atenolol. Lancet 2002; 359: 995–1003.
8. Levy D, Salomon M, D'Agostino RB et al. Prognostic implications of baseline electrocardiographic features and their serial changes in subjects with left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation 1994; 90 (4): 1786–93.
9. Бражник В.А., Затейщиков Д.А., Сидоренко Б.А. Наследственные факторы и гипертрофия левого желудочка. Кардиология. 2003; 43 (1): 78–88. / Brazznik V.A., Zateishikov D.A., Sidorenko B.A. Hereditary factors and left ventricle hypertension. Cardiology. 2003; 43 (1): 78–88. [in Russian]
10. Bianchi G, Ferrari P, Staessen JA. Adducin Polymorphism: Detection and impact on hypertension and related disorders hypertension. J American Heart Association 2005; 45 (3): 331–40.
11. Wolff B, Grabe HJ, Schluter C et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase Glu 298 Asp gene polymorphism, blood pressure and hypertension in a general population sample. J Hypertens 2005; 23 (7): 1361–6.
12. Zivко M, Кusеc R, GаlеsićК. Imраct оf аngiоtеnsin-cоnvеrtingеnzymе gеnероlymоrрhismоn рrоtеinuriааndаrtеriаl hyреrtеnsiоn. Аntrороlоgy 2013; 37 (3): 765–70.
13. Deng AY Genetic basis of polygenic hypertension. Human Mol Genet 2007; 16 (2): 195–202.
14. Кishimоtо T. еNОS Glu298Аsр роlymоrрhism аnd hyреrtеnsiоn in а cоhоrt study in Jараnеsе. Рrеvеntivе Mеd 2004; 39 (5): 927–31.
15. Prineas RJ, Crow RS, Zhang Z-M. The Minnesota Code Manual of Electrocardiographic Findings. Standards and Procedures for Measurement in Epidwmiologic and Clinical Trials. Second Edition, New and Enlarged. Springer, London Dordrecht Heidelberg New York, 2010.
16. Devereux RB, Alonso DR, Lutas EM et al. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy: comparison to necropsy findings. Am. J Cardiol 1986; 57 (6): 450–8.
17. Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification. Eur J Echocardiogr 2006; 7: 79–108.
18. Snapir A, Scheinin M, Groop LC, Orho-Melander M. The insertion/deletion variation in the a2B-adrenoceptor does not seem to modify the risk for acute myocardial infarction, but may modify the risk for hypertension in sib-pairs from families with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2003; 24 (2): 15.
19. Lima JJ, Feng H, Duckworth L et al. Association analyses of adrenergic receptor polymorphisms with obesity and metabolic alterations. Metabolism 2007; 56 (6): 757–65.
20. Salimi S, Firoozrai M, Nourmohammadi I et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene intron 4 VNTR polymorphism in patients with coronary artery disease in Iran. Indian J Med Res 2006; 124 (6): 683–8.
21. Frigo G, Bertolo O, Roman E et al. Relationship of left ventricular mass with clinic blood pressure measured over a six month period vs. ambulatory blood pressure (abstract). J Hypertens 2000;18 (2): 44.
22. Lewis J, Maron B. Diversity of patterns of hypertrophy in patients with systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1990; 65 (13): 874–81.
23. Кобалава Ж.Д., Котовская Ю.В. Артериальная гипертония: ключи к диагностике и лечению. М.: Фортэ, 2007. / Kobalava Z.D., Kotovskaya U.V Arterial hypertension: keys to diagnostics and treatment. M.: Forte; 2007. [in Russian]
24. Smalcelj A, Puljevic D, Buljevic B et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy in obese hypertensives: is it really eccentric? Coll Antropol 2000; 24 (1): 167–83.
25. Grandi AM, Zanzi P, Piantanida E et al. Obesity and left ventricular diastolic function: noninvasive study in normotensives and newly diagnosed never-treated hypertensives. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000; 24 (8): 954–8.
26. Payne JR, Eleftheriou KI, James LE et al. Left ventricular growth response to exercise and cigarette smoking: data from LARGE Heart. Heart 2006; 92 (12): 1784–8.
27. Wende AR, Symons JD, Abel ED. Mechanisms of lipotoxicity in the cardiovascular system. Curr Hypertens Rep 2012; 14: 517–31.
28. Frangogiannis NG. The immune system and cardiac repair. Pharmacol Res 2008; 58 (2): 88–111.
29. Минушкина Л.О., Затейщиков Д.А., Сидоренко Б.А. Генетические аспекты регуляции эндотелиальной функции при артериальной гипертонии. Кардиология. 2000; 3: 68–71. / Minushkina L.O., Zateyschikov D.A., Sidorenko B.A. Genetic aspects of the regulation of endothelial function in patients with arterial hypertension. Cardiology. 2000; 3: 68–71. [in Russian]
30. Schunkert H, Hengstenberg C, Holmer SR et al. Lack of association between apolymorphism of the aldosteron esynthase gene and left ventricular structure. Circulation 1999; 99: 2255–60.
31. Кобалава Ж.Д., Караулова Ю.Л., Котовская Ю.В. и др. Генетические аспекты гипертрофии левого желудочка. М.: Вестник РУДН. 2002; 4: 21–9. / Kobalava Zh.D., Karaulova Y.L., Kotovskaya Y.V. et al. Genetic aspects of left ventricular hypertrophy. M.: Bulletin RUDN. 2002; 4: 21–9. [in Russian]
32. Fox CS, Heard-Costa NL, Vasan RS et al. Genomewide linkage analysis of weight change in the Framingham heart study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 15: 3197–201.
33. Penesova A, Cizmarova E, Kvetnansky R et al. Insertion/deletion polymorphism on ACE gene is associated with endothelial dysfunction in young patients with hypertension. Horm Metab Res 2006; 38 (9): 592–7.
34. Glavnik N, Petrovic D. M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene and insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-1 converting enzyme gene in essential arterial hypertension in Caucasians. Folia Biol (Praha) 2007; 53 (2): 69–70.
35. Fatini C, Guazelli R, Manetti P et al. RAS genes influence exercise-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: an elite athletes study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32 (11): 1868–72.
36. Fu C, Wang H, Wang S et al. Association of beta 1-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms with left ventricular hypertrophy in human essential hypertension. Clin Biochem 2008; 41 (10–11): 773–8.
37. Meyers KJ, Mosley TH, Fox E et al. Genetic variations associated with echocardiographic left ventricular traitsin hypertensive blacks. Hypertension 2007; 49 (5): 992–99.
________________________________________________
2. Sehestedt T, Jeppesen J, Hansen TW et al. Thresholds for pulse wave velocity, urine albumin creatinine ratio and left ventricular mass index using SCORE, Framingham and ESH/ESC risk charts. J Hypertens 2012; 30: 1928–36.
3. Kristensen SD, Baumgartner H, Casadeiet B et al. Highlights of the 2008 Scientific Sessions of the European Society of Cardiology: J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52 (24): 2032–42.
4. Smirnova M.D., Ageev F.T. Left ventricular hypertrophy: prognosticvalue, pathogenesis and theability to reverse development. Focus on angiotensin receptor blockers. Cardiovascular therapy and prevention. 2007; 6 (6): 109–16. [in Russian]
5. Conradi A.О. Treatment of hypertension in special groups of patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy. Arterial hypertension. 2005; 11 (2): 105–10. [in Russian]
6. Guidelines for hypertension. Ed. E.I.Chazova, I.E.Chazova. M.: Media Medica, 2005; с. 201–217, 596–616. [in Russian]
7. Danlof B, Devereux RB, Kieldsen SE et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomized trial against atenolol. Lancet 2002; 359: 995–1003.
8. Levy D, Salomon M, D'Agostino RB et al. Prognostic implications of baseline electrocardiographic features and their serial changes in subjects with left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation 1994; 90 (4): 1786–93.
9. Brazznik V.A., Zateishikov D.A., Sidorenko B.A. Hereditary factors and left ventricle hypertension. Cardiology. 2003; 43 (1): 78–88. [in Russian]
10. Bianchi G, Ferrari P, Staessen JA. Adducin Polymorphism: Detection and impact on hypertension and related disorders hypertension. J American Heart Association 2005; 45 (3): 331–40.
11. Wolff B, Grabe HJ, Schluter C et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase Glu 298 Asp gene polymorphism, blood pressure and hypertension in a general population sample. J Hypertens 2005; 23 (7): 1361–6.
12. Zivко M, Кusеc R, GаlеsićК. Imраct оf аngiоtеnsin-cоnvеrtingеnzymе gеnероlymоrрhismоn рrоtеinuriааndаrtеriаl hyреrtеnsiоn. Аntrороlоgy 2013; 37 (3): 765–70.
13. Deng AY Genetic basis of polygenic hypertension. Human Mol Genet 2007; 16 (2): 195–202.
14. Кishimоtо T. еNОS Glu298Аsр роlymоrрhism аnd hyреrtеnsiоn in а cоhоrt study in Jараnеsе. Рrеvеntivе Mеd 2004; 39 (5): 927–31.
15. Prineas RJ, Crow RS, Zhang Z-M. The Minnesota Code Manual of Electrocardiographic Findings. Standards and Procedures for Measurement in Epidwmiologic and Clinical Trials. Second Edition, New and Enlarged. Springer, London Dordrecht Heidelberg New York, 2010.
16. Devereux RB, Alonso DR, Lutas EM et al. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy: comparison to necropsy findings. Am. J Cardiol 1986; 57 (6): 450–8.
17. Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification. Eur J Echocardiogr 2006; 7: 79–108.
18. Snapir A, Scheinin M, Groop LC, Orho-Melander M. The insertion/deletion variation in the a2B-adrenoceptor does not seem to modify the risk for acute myocardial infarction, but may modify the risk for hypertension in sib-pairs from families with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2003; 24 (2): 15.
19. Lima JJ, Feng H, Duckworth L et al. Association analyses of adrenergic receptor polymorphisms with obesity and metabolic alterations. Metabolism 2007; 56 (6): 757–65.
20. Salimi S, Firoozrai M, Nourmohammadi I et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene intron 4 VNTR polymorphism in patients with coronary artery disease in Iran. Indian J Med Res 2006; 124 (6): 683–8.
21. Frigo G, Bertolo O, Roman E et al. Relationship of left ventricular mass with clinic blood pressure measured over a six month period vs. ambulatory blood pressure (abstract). J Hypertens 2000;18 (2): 44.
22. Lewis J, Maron B. Diversity of patterns of hypertrophy in patients with systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1990; 65 (13): 874–81.
23. Kobalava Z.D., Kotovskaya U.V Arterial hypertension: keys to diagnostics and treatment. M.: Forte; 2007. [in Russian]
24. Smalcelj A, Puljevic D, Buljevic B et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy in obese hypertensives: is it really eccentric? Coll Antropol 2000; 24 (1): 167–83.
25. Grandi AM, Zanzi P, Piantanida E et al. Obesity and left ventricular diastolic function: noninvasive study in normotensives and newly diagnosed never-treated hypertensives. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000; 24 (8): 954–8.
26. Payne JR, Eleftheriou KI, James LE et al. Left ventricular growth response to exercise and cigarette smoking: data from LARGE Heart. Heart 2006; 92 (12): 1784–8.
27. Wende AR, Symons JD, Abel ED. Mechanisms of lipotoxicity in the cardiovascular system. Curr Hypertens Rep 2012; 14: 517–31.
28. Frangogiannis NG. The immune system and cardiac repair. Pharmacol Res 2008; 58 (2): 88–111.
29. Minushkina L.O., Zateyschikov D.A., Sidorenko B.A. Genetic aspects of the regulation of endothelial function in patients with arterial hypertension. Cardiology. 2000; 3: 68–71. [in Russian]
30. Schunkert H, Hengstenberg C, Holmer SR et al. Lack of association between apolymorphism of the aldosteron esynthase gene and left ventricular structure. Circulation 1999; 99: 2255–60.
31. Kobalava Zh.D., Karaulova Y.L., Kotovskaya Y.V. et al. Genetic aspects of left ventricular hypertrophy. M.: Bulletin RUDN. 2002; 4: 21–9. [in Russian]
32. Fox CS, Heard-Costa NL, Vasan RS et al. Genomewide linkage analysis of weight change in the Framingham heart study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 15: 3197–201.
33. Penesova A, Cizmarova E, Kvetnansky R et al. Insertion/deletion polymorphism on ACE gene is associated with endothelial dysfunction in young patients with hypertension. Horm Metab Res 2006; 38 (9): 592–7.
34. Glavnik N, Petrovic D. M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene and insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-1 converting enzyme gene in essential arterial hypertension in Caucasians. Folia Biol (Praha) 2007; 53 (2): 69–70.
35. Fatini C, Guazelli R, Manetti P et al. RAS genes influence exercise-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: an elite athletes study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32 (11): 1868–72.
36. Fu C, Wang H, Wang S et al. Association of beta 1-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms with left ventricular hypertrophy in human essential hypertension. Clin Biochem 2008; 41 (10–11): 773–8.
37. Meyers KJ, Mosley TH, Fox E et al. Genetic variations associated with echocardiographic left ventricular traitsin hypertensive blacks. Hypertension 2007; 49 (5): 992–99.
Авторы
Т.А.Мулерова*1,2, А.А.Кузьмина1, А.Н.Чигисова1, Е.Н.Воропаева3, В.Н.Максимов3, М.И.Воевода3, М.Ю.Огарков1,2
1 ФГБНУ НИИ комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. 650002, Россия, Кемерово, Сосновый б-р, д. 6;
2 ГБОУ ДПО Новокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей Минздрава России. 654005, Россия, Новокузнецк, пр-т. Строителей, д. 5;
3 ФГБНУ НИИ терапии и профилактической медицины. 630089, Россия, Новосибирск, ул. Б.Богаткова, д. 175/1
*mulerova-77@mail.ru
1 Scientific-Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Disease. 650002, Russian Federation, Kemerovo, Sosnovyi b-r, d. 6;
2 Novokuznetsk State Institute for Postgraduate Training of Physicians of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 654005, Russian Federation, Novokuznetsk, pr-t. Stroitelei, d. 5;
3 Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine. Novosibirsk, Russia. 630089, Russian Federation, Novokuznetsk, ul. B.Bogatkova, d. 175/1
*mulerova-77@mail.ru
1 ФГБНУ НИИ комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. 650002, Россия, Кемерово, Сосновый б-р, д. 6;
2 ГБОУ ДПО Новокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей Минздрава России. 654005, Россия, Новокузнецк, пр-т. Строителей, д. 5;
3 ФГБНУ НИИ терапии и профилактической медицины. 630089, Россия, Новосибирск, ул. Б.Богаткова, д. 175/1
*mulerova-77@mail.ru
________________________________________________
1 Scientific-Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Disease. 650002, Russian Federation, Kemerovo, Sosnovyi b-r, d. 6;
2 Novokuznetsk State Institute for Postgraduate Training of Physicians of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 654005, Russian Federation, Novokuznetsk, pr-t. Stroitelei, d. 5;
3 Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine. Novosibirsk, Russia. 630089, Russian Federation, Novokuznetsk, ul. B.Bogatkova, d. 175/1
*mulerova-77@mail.ru
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