Легочная артериальная гипертензия (ЛАГ) является жизнеугрожающим синдромом, который характеризуется прогрессивным повышением легочного сосудистого сопротивления (ЛСС), среднего давления в легочном артериальном русле, а также рядом функциональных нарушений и морфологическим изменением легочных артерий. Несмотря на относительное обилие ЛАГ-специфических препаратов, выбор подходящего агента для терапии конкретного пациента остается весьма сложной задачей. Вероятно, одним из самых важных параметров, оцениваемым в клинических исследованиях, является выживаемость пациентов или, в некоторых случаях, смертность. Выживаемость или смертность как вторичные или как составляющие первичных конечных точек так или иначе изучались в клинических исследованиях препаратов для лечения ЛАГ. Для таблетированных препаратов для лечения некоторых форм ЛАГ (силденафил, риоцигуат, бозентан, мацитентан, амбризентан) на сегодняшний день доступны данные ряда исследований, предметом изучения которых явилась, в том числе, выживаемость.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life threatening syndrome, which is characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), medium pulmonary artery pressure and functional disorders and morphological changes of pulmonary arteries. Despite the relative abundance of PAH-specific drugs, the choice of a suitable agent for the treatment of a particular patient remains challenging. One of the most important parameters measured in clinical studies is patient survival or, in some cases, mortality. Survival or mortality as secondary or components of the primary endpoint one way or another has been studied in clinical trials of drugs for the treatment of PAH. For tablets drugs for the treatment of some forms of PAH (sildenafil, riociguat, bosentan, macitentan, ambrisentan) currently available data studies, which studied the survival.
1. Легочная гипертензия. Под ред. И.Е.Чазовой и Т.В.Мартынюк. М.: Практика, 2015. / Legochnaia gipertenziia. Pod red. I.E.Chazovoi i T.V.Martyniuk. M.: Praktika, 2015. [in Russian]
2. Государственный реестр лекарственных средств. https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/ Gosudarstvennyi reestr lekarstvennykh sredstv. https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/ [in Russian]
3. Galie N et al. 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 67–119.
4. Alonzo G et al. Survival in Patients with Primary Pulmonary Hypertension. Results from a National Prospective Registry. Ann Intern Med 1991; 115: 343–9.
5. Farber HW et al. Five-Year Outcomes of Patients Enrolled in the REVEAL Registry. Chest 2015; 148 (4): 1043–54.
6. Инструкция по применению лекарственного препарата для медицинского применения Траклир. ЛС-002509-310812 / Instruktsiia po primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata dlia meditsinskogo primeneniia Traklir. LS-002509-310812 [in Russian]
7. Channick RN et al. Effects of the dual endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan in patients with pulmonary hypertension: a randomized placebo controlled study. Lancet 2001; 358: 1119–23.
8. Rubin LJ et al. Bosentan therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 896–903.
9. McLaughlin VV et al. Survival with first-line bosentan in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J 2005; 25: 244–9.
10. Galiè N et al. Treatment of patients with mildly symptomatic pulmonary arterial hypertension with bosentan (EARLY study): a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2008; 371: 2093–100.
11. Simonneau G et al. Long-term results from the EARLY study of bosentan in WHO functional class II pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. Int J Cardiol 2014; 172: 332–39.
12. Инструкция по медицинскому применению лекарственного препарата Опсамит. ЛП-003310-010916. / Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata Opsamit. LP-003310-010916. [in Russian]
13. Pulido T et al. Macitentan and Morbidity and Mortality in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. N Engl J Med 2013; 369: 809–18.
14. Souza R et al. Long-term survival and safety with macitentan in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: results from the seraphin study and its open-label extension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195: A2294 (Available at: http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2017.195.1_MeetingAbstracts.A2294)
15. Инструкция по применению лекарственного препарата для медицинского применения Волибрис. ЛП001345 от 25.03.2016. / Instruktsiia po primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata dlia meditsinskogo primeneniia Volibris. LP001345 ot 25.03.2016. [in Russian]
16. Galiè N et al. Ambrisentan for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Results of the Ambrisentan in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Efficacy (ARIES) Study 1 and 2. Circulation 2008; 117: 3010–9.
17. Oudiz RJ et al. Long-term ambrisentan therapy for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 54: 1971–81.
18. Инструкция по применению лекарственного препарата для медицинского применения Ревацио. ЛП 000197-130514. / Instruktsiia po primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata dlia meditsinskogo primeneniia Revatsio. LP 000197-130514. [in Russian]
19. Galiè N et al. Sildenafil Citrate Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2148–57.
20. Rubin LJ et al. Long-term treatment with sildenafil citrate in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Chest 2011; 140 (5): 1274–83.
21. Инструкция по медицинскому применению лекарственного препарата Адемпас (от 05.10.2017). / Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata Adempas (ot 05.10.2017). [in Russian]
22. Ghofrani H-A et al. Riociguat for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. N Engl J Med 2013; 369: 330–40.
23. Rubin LJ et al. Riociguat for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension: a long-term extension study (PATENT-2). Eur Respir J 2015; 45: 1211–3.
24. Ghofrani H-A et al. Predictors of long-term outcomes in patients treated with riociguat for pulmonary arterial hypertension: data from the PATENT-2 open-label, randomised, long-term extension trial. Lancet Respir Med 2016; 4: 361–71 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(16)30019-4)
25. Halank M et al. Riociguat for pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: Results from a phase II long-term extension study. Respiratory Medicine 2017; 128: 50–6.
26. Huan-long Liu et al. Efficacy and Safety of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension-specific Therapy in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Chest 2016; 150 (2): 353–66.
________________________________________________
1. Legochnaia gipertenziia. Pod red. I.E.Chazovoi i T.V.Martyniuk. M.: Praktika, 2015. [in Russian]
2. Gosudarstvennyi reestr lekarstvennykh sredstv. https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/ [in Russian]
3. Galie N et al. 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 67–119.
4. Alonzo G et al. Survival in Patients with Primary Pulmonary Hypertension. Results from a National Prospective Registry. Ann Intern Med 1991; 115: 343–9.
5. Farber HW et al. Five-Year Outcomes of Patients Enrolled in the REVEAL Registry. Chest 2015; 148 (4): 1043–54.
6. Instruktsiia po primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata dlia meditsinskogo primeneniia Traklir. LS-002509-310812 [in Russian]
7. Channick RN et al. Effects of the dual endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan in patients with pulmonary hypertension: a randomized placebo controlled study. Lancet 2001; 358: 1119–23.
8. Rubin LJ et al. Bosentan therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 896–903.
9. McLaughlin VV et al. Survival with first-line bosentan in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J 2005; 25: 244–9.
10. Galiè N et al. Treatment of patients with mildly symptomatic pulmonary arterial hypertension with bosentan (EARLY study): a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2008; 371: 2093–100.
11. Simonneau G et al. Long-term results from the EARLY study of bosentan in WHO functional class II pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. Int J Cardiol 2014; 172: 332–39.
12. Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata Opsamit. LP-003310-010916. [in Russian]
13. Pulido T et al. Macitentan and Morbidity and Mortality in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. N Engl J Med 2013; 369: 809–18.
14. Souza R et al. Long-term survival and safety with macitentan in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: results from the seraphin study and its open-label extension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195: A2294 (Available at: http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2017.195.1_MeetingAbstracts.A2294)
15. Instruktsiia po primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata dlia meditsinskogo primeneniia Volibris. LP001345 ot 25.03.2016. [in Russian]
16. Galiè N et al. Ambrisentan for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Results of the Ambrisentan in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Efficacy (ARIES) Study 1 and 2. Circulation 2008; 117: 3010–9.
17. Oudiz RJ et al. Long-term ambrisentan therapy for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 54: 1971–81.
18. Instruktsiia po primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata dlia meditsinskogo primeneniia Revatsio. LP 000197-130514. [in Russian]
19. Galiè N et al. Sildenafil Citrate Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2148–57.
20. Rubin LJ et al. Long-term treatment with sildenafil citrate in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Chest 2011; 140 (5): 1274–83.
21. Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata Adempas (ot 05.10.2017). [in Russian]
22. Ghofrani H-A et al. Riociguat for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. N Engl J Med 2013; 369: 330–40.
23. Rubin LJ et al. Riociguat for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension: a long-term extension study (PATENT-2). Eur Respir J 2015; 45: 1211–3.
24. Ghofrani H-A et al. Predictors of long-term outcomes in patients treated with riociguat for pulmonary arterial hypertension: data from the PATENT-2 open-label, randomised, long-term extension trial. Lancet Respir Med 2016; 4: 361–71 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(16)30019-4)
25. Halank M et al. Riociguat for pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: Results from a phase II long-term extension study. Respiratory Medicine 2017; 128: 50–6.
26. Huan-long Liu et al. Efficacy and Safety of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension-specific Therapy in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Chest 2016; 150 (2): 353–66.
Авторы
Д.Ю.Платонов1,2, Н.А.Царева3,4, С.Н.Авдеев*3,4
1 ГБУЗ Тверской области «Областная клиническая больница». 170036, Россия, Тверь, Петербургское ш., д. 105;
2 ФГБОУ ВО «Тверской государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России. 170100, Россия, Тверь, ул. Советская, д. 4;
3 ФГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии» ФМБА России. 105077, Россия, Москва, ул. 11-я Парковая, д. 32;
4 ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова» Минздрава России. 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2
*serg_avdeev@list.ru
________________________________________________
D.Yu.Platonov1,2, N.A.Tsareva3,4, S.N.Avdeev*3,4
1 Regional Clinical Hospital. 170036, Russian Federation, Tver, Peterburgskoe sh., d. 105;
2 Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 170100, Russian Federation, Tver, ul. Sovetskaja, d. 4;
3 Research Institute of Pulmonology of FMBA of Russia. 105077, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. 11-ia Parkovaia, d. 32;
4 I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Trubetskaia, d. 8, str. 2
*serg_avdeev@list.ru