Первый в России опыт применения протокола редифференцировки опухоли у пациента с BRAF+ прогрессирующим, резистентным к радиойодтерапии папиллярным раком щитовидной железы
Первый в России опыт применения протокола редифференцировки опухоли у пациента с BRAF+ прогрессирующим, резистентным к радиойодтерапии папиллярным раком щитовидной железы
Слащук К.Ю., Рейнберг М.В., Серженко С.С., Шеремета М.С., Никифорович П.А. Первый в России опыт применения протокола редифференцировки опухоли у пациента с BRAF+ прогрессирующим, резистентным к радиойодтерапии папиллярным раком щитовидной железы. Современная Онкология.
2024;26(4):441–446. DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2024.4.202983
Slashchuk KYu, Reinberg MV, Serzhenko SS, Sheremeta MS, Nikiforovich PA. The first experience in Russia of applying a tumor differentiation protocol in a patient with progressive, radioiodine-refractory BRAF-positive papillary thyroid cancer. Case report. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2024;26(4):441–446. DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2024.4.202983
Первый в России опыт применения протокола редифференцировки опухоли у пациента с BRAF+ прогрессирующим, резистентным к радиойодтерапии папиллярным раком щитовидной железы
Слащук К.Ю., Рейнберг М.В., Серженко С.С., Шеремета М.С., Никифорович П.А. Первый в России опыт применения протокола редифференцировки опухоли у пациента с BRAF+ прогрессирующим, резистентным к радиойодтерапии папиллярным раком щитовидной железы. Современная Онкология.
2024;26(4):441–446. DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2024.4.202983
Slashchuk KYu, Reinberg MV, Serzhenko SS, Sheremeta MS, Nikiforovich PA. The first experience in Russia of applying a tumor differentiation protocol in a patient with progressive, radioiodine-refractory BRAF-positive papillary thyroid cancer. Case report. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2024;26(4):441–446. DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2024.4.202983
Дифференцированный рак щитовидной железы (ДРЩЖ) характеризуется достаточно благоприятным прогнозом и высокой общей выживаемостью (ОВ), но у 10–15% пациентов могут выявляться отдаленные метастазы, преимущественно в легкие. Отсутствие накопления радиоактивного йода 131I при 1-м курсе радиойодтерапии (РЙТ) или отсутствие значимого ответа на РЙТ может быть отмечено у 20–50% пациентов с распространенными формами заболевания, что позволяет их классифицировать как резистентных к РЙТ (РЙР). Прогноз для РЙР пациентов менее благоприятный, 5-летняя ОВ составляет 50%, по сравнению с неагрессивными формами ДРЩЖ, для которых 10-летняя ОВ достигает 98%. В настоящее время стандартом лечения данной категории пациентов является применение мультикиназных ингибиторов, направленных в основном на рецептор к эндотелиальному фактору роста сосудов до прогрессирования заболевания или полного ответа на терапию. Однако последние исследования указывают на возможность восстановления способности накопления 131I опухолевой клеткой при наличии мутации в гене BRAF V600E после предварительной таргетной терапии BRAF-/MEK-ингибиторами (редифференцировки опухоли). В статье описан случай 56-летнего пациента с диагностированным папиллярным раком щитовидной железы. За время наблюдения отмечалось прогрессирование заболевания за счет роста отдаленных метастазов в легких, после 2 курсов РЙТ суммарной активностью 131I 9,3 ГБк подтверждена РЙР. В ходе молекулярно-генетического исследования блоков с первичной опухолью выявлена мутация V600E в гене BRAF. Проведен онкологический консилиум в ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии», пациенту предложена терапия таргетными BRAF-/MEK-ингибиторами. Через 6 нед комбинированной таргетной терапии по данным диагностической сцинтиграфии всего тела отмечен повышенный захват 131I в легких, что свидетельствовало о редифференцировке опухоли и позволило провести повторный курс высокодозной РЙТ активностью 7,5 ГБк. Через 6 мес после лечения отмечалась положительная рентгенологическая динамика: частичный ответ с уменьшением размеров метастатических очагов в обоих легких составил до 40% на момент публикации данных. Учитывая отсутствие выраженных нежелательных явлений, пациент продолжил таргетную терапию с целью подготовки к последующему курсу РЙТ. Таким образом, применение BRAF-/MEK-ингибиторов в комбинации с РЙТ может рассматриваться в качестве опции у пациентов с РЙР ДРЩЖ. Данная стратегия может значительно улучшить прогноз и качество жизни пациентов с агрессивными формами ДРЩЖ.
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has a fairly favorable prognosis and a high overall survival (OS). However, approximately 10-15% of patients develop distant metastases, primarily to the lungs. No uptake of radioactive iodine 131I during the first course of radioactive iodine therapy (RAI-T) or the absence of a significant response to RAI-T can be noted in 20-50% of patients with advanced forms of the disease, which enables them to be classified as RAI-T-resistant (RAIR). The prognosis for RAIR patients is less favorable, with a 5-year OS of 50%, compared to 10-year OS of up to 98% in non-aggressive forms of DTC. Currently, multikinase inhibitors, mainly targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, are the standard treatment for these patients. However, recent studies suggest that tumor cells can restore the ability to uptake 131I in the presence of a mutation in the BRAF V600E gene following prior treatment with BRAF-/MEK inhibitors (tumor redifferentiation). The article presents a case of a 56-year-old patient diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer. During the observation, the disease progression was noted due to the growth of distant metastases to the lungs after two courses of RAI-T with a total activity of 131I 9.3 GBq, confirming RAIR. Molecular genetic study of the primary tumor tissue block revealed a mutation of the BRAF V600E gene. An oncological team board was held at the National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, and the patient was offered therapy with targeted BRAF-/MEK inhibitors. After 6 weeks of therapy, the diagnostic whole-body scintigraphy with 131I showed increased uptake in the lungs, prompting a repeated course of high-dose RAI-T with an activity of 7.5 GBq. Six months following treatment, radiological improvement was observed: partial response with a reduction in the size of metastatic lung lesions by 40% at the time of data publication. The patient continued targeted therapy due to the absence of severe adverse events. Thus, BRAF-/MEK inhibitors combined with RIT can be considered as an option in patients with RAIR DTC. This strategy can potentially significantly improve both prognosis and and quality of life in patients with aggressive forms of DTC.
1. Cavalheiro BG, de Matos LL, Leite AKN, et al. Survival in differentiated thyroid carcinoma: Comparison between the 7th and 8th editions of the AJCC/UICC TNM staging system and the ATA initial risk stratification system. Head Neck. 2021;43(10):2913-22. DOI:10.1002/hed.26773
2. Kunjumohamed FP, Al Rawahi A, Al Busaidi NB, Al Musalhi HN. Disease-free survival of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: A study from a Tertiary Center in Oman. Oman Med J. 2021;36(2):e246. DOI:10.5001/omj.2021.54
3. Cao YM, Zhang TT, Li BY, et al. Prognostic evaluation model for papillary thyroid cancer: A retrospective study of 660 cases. Gland Surg. 2021;10(7):2170-9. DOI:10.21037/gs-21-100
4. Giovanella L, Deandreis D, Vrachimis A, et al. Molecular imaging and theragnostics of thyroid cancers. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(5):1272. DOI:10.3390/cancers14051272
5. Liu J, Liu Y, Lin Y, Liang J. Radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and redifferentiation therapy. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2019;34(3):215-25. DOI:10.3803/EnM.2019.34.3.215
6. Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines task force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2016;26(1):1-133. DOI:10.1089/thy.2015.0020
7. Румянцев П.О., Фомин Д.К., Румянцева У.В. Критерии резистентности высокодифференцированного рака щитовидной железы к терапии радиоактивным йодом. Опухоли головы и шеи. 2014;(3):4-9 [Rumyantsev PO, Fomin DK, Rumyantseva UV. Criteria of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma resistance to radioiodine therapy. Head and Neck Tumors (HNT). 2014;(3):4-9 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.17650/2222-1468-2014-0-3-4-9
8. Durante C, Haddy N, Baudin E, et al. Long-term outcome of 444 patients with distant metastases from papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma: Benefits and limits of radioiodine therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(8):2892-9. DOI:10.1210/jc.2005-2838
9. Houten PV, Netea-Maier RT, Smit JW. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma: An update. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023;37(1):101687. DOI:10.1016/j.beem.2022.101687
10. Marotta V, Rocco D, Crocco A, et al. Survival predictors of radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer treated with lenvatinib in the real-life. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2024;109(10):2541-52. DOI:10.1210/clinem/dgae181
11. Schmidt A, Iglesias L, Klain M, et al. Radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: an uncommon but challenging situation. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017;61(1):81-9. DOI:10.1590/2359-3997000000245
12. Lorusso L, Pieruzzi L, Biagini A, et al. Lenvatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of radioiodine refractory, advanced, and progressive thyroid cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 2016;9:6467-77. DOI:10.2147/OTT.S84625
13. Amin MB, Edge SB, Greene FL, et al. AJCC cancer staging manual. 8th ed. NewYork: Springer International Publishing, 2017.
14. Shen H, Zhu R, Liu Y, et al. Radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for radioiodine resistance. Drug Resist Updat. 2024;72:101013. DOI:10.1016/j.drup.2023.101013
15. Scheffel RS, Dora JM, Maia AL. BRAF mutations in thyroid cancer. Curr Opin Oncol. 2022;34(1):9-18. DOI:10.1097/CCO.0000000000000797
16. Abdullah MI, Junit SM, Ng KL, et al. Papillary thyroid cancer: Genetic alterations and molecular biomarker investigations. Int J Med Sci. 2019;16(3):450-60. DOI:10.7150/ijms.29935
17. Ancker OV, Krüger M, Wehland M, et al. Multikinase inhibitor treatment in thyroid cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;21(1):10. DOI:10.3390/ijms21010010
18. Schlumberger M, Tahara M, Wirth LJ, et al. Lenvatinib versus placebo in radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(7):621-30. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1406470
19. Tahara M, Brose MS, Wirth LJ, et al. Impact of dose interruption on the efficacy of lenvatinib in a phase 3 study in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2019;106:61-8. DOI:10.1016/j.ejca.2018.10.002
20. Brose MS, Panaseykin Y, Konda B, et al. A randomized study of lenvatinib 18 mg vs 24 mg in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022;107(3):776-87. DOI:10.1210/clinem/dgab731
21. Tang P, Sheng J, Peng X, et al. Targeting NOX4 disrupts the resistance of papillary thyroid carcinoma to chemotherapeutic drugs and lenvatinib. Cell Death Discov. 2022;8(1):177. DOI:10.1038/s41420-022-00994-7
22. Leboulleux S, Cao CD, Zerdoud S, et al. MERAIODE: A redifferentiation phase ii trial with trametinib and dabrafenib followed by radioactive iodine administration for metastatic radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer patients with a BRAFV600E mutation (NCT 03244956). J Endocr Soc. 2021;5(Suppl. 1):A876. DOI:10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1789
23. Busaidy NL, Konda B, Wei L, et al. Dabrafenib versus dabrafenib + trametinib in BRAF-mutated radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: Results of a randomized, phase 2, open-label multicenter trial. Thyroid. 2022;32(10):1184-92. DOI:10.1089/thy.2022.0115
24. Ullmann TM, Liang H, Moore MD, et al. Dual inhibition of BRAF and MEK increases expression of sodium iodide symporter in patient-derived papillary thyroid cancer cells in vitro. Surgery. 2020;167(1):56-63. DOI:10.1016/j.surg.2019.04.076
25. Bernocchi O, Sirico M, Corona SP, et al. Tumor type agnostic therapy carrying BRAF mutation: Case reports and review of literature. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021;14(2):159. DOI:10.3390/ph14020159
26. Rothenberg SM, McFadden DG, Palmer EL, et al. Redifferentiation of iodine-refractory BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic papillary thyroid cancer with dabrafenib. Clin Cancer Res. 2015;21(5):1028-35. DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-2915
27. Weber M, Kersting D, Riemann B, et al. Enhancing radioiodine incorporation into radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer with MAPK inhibition (ERRITI): A single-center prospective two-arm study. Clin Cancer Res. 2022;28(19):4194-202. DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0437
28. Jaber T, Waguespack SG, Cabanillas ME, et al. Targeted therapy in advanced thyroid cancer to resensitize tumors to radioactive iodine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2018;103(10):3698-705. DOI:10.1210/jc.2018-00612
29. Dunn LA, Sherman EJ, Baxi SS, et al. Vemurafenib redifferentiation of BRAF mutant, RAI-refractory thyroid cancers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104(5):1417-28. DOI:10.1210/jc.2018-01478
30. Iravani A, Solomon B, Pattison DA, et al. Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway inhibition for redifferentiation of radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: An evolving protocol. Thyroid. 2019;29(11):1634-45. DOI:10.1089/thy.2019.0143
31. Ho AL, Grewal RK, Leboeuf R, et al. Selumetinib-enhanced radioiodine uptake in advanced thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(7):623-32. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1209288
32. Huillard O, Tenenbaum F, Clerc J, et al. Restoring radioiodine uptake in BRAF V600E-mutated papillary thyroid cancer. J Endocr Soc. 2017;1(4):285-7. DOI:10.1210/js.2016-1114
33. Montes de Jesus FM, Espeli V, Paone G, Giovanella L. Add-on radioiodine during long-term BRAF/MEK inhibition in patients with RAI-refractory thyroid cancers: A reasonable option? Endocrine. 2023;81(3):450-4. DOI:10.1007/s12020-023-03388-6
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1. Cavalheiro BG, de Matos LL, Leite AKN, et al. Survival in differentiated thyroid carcinoma: Comparison between the 7th and 8th editions of the AJCC/UICC TNM staging system and the ATA initial risk stratification system. Head Neck. 2021;43(10):2913-22. DOI:10.1002/hed.26773
2. Kunjumohamed FP, Al Rawahi A, Al Busaidi NB, Al Musalhi HN. Disease-free survival of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: A study from a Tertiary Center in Oman. Oman Med J. 2021;36(2):e246. DOI:10.5001/omj.2021.54
3. Cao YM, Zhang TT, Li BY, et al. Prognostic evaluation model for papillary thyroid cancer: A retrospective study of 660 cases. Gland Surg. 2021;10(7):2170-9. DOI:10.21037/gs-21-100
4. Giovanella L, Deandreis D, Vrachimis A, et al. Molecular imaging and theragnostics of thyroid cancers. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(5):1272. DOI:10.3390/cancers14051272
5. Liu J, Liu Y, Lin Y, Liang J. Radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and redifferentiation therapy. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2019;34(3):215-25. DOI:10.3803/EnM.2019.34.3.215
6. Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines task force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2016;26(1):1-133. DOI:10.1089/thy.2015.0020
7. Rumyantsev PO, Fomin DK, Rumyantseva UV. Criteria of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma resistance to radioiodine therapy. Head and Neck Tumors (HNT). 2014;(3):4-9 (in Russian). DOI:10.17650/2222-1468-2014-0-3-4-9
8. Durante C, Haddy N, Baudin E, et al. Long-term outcome of 444 patients with distant metastases from papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma: Benefits and limits of radioiodine therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(8):2892-9. DOI:10.1210/jc.2005-2838
9. Houten PV, Netea-Maier RT, Smit JW. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma: An update. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023;37(1):101687. DOI:10.1016/j.beem.2022.101687
10. Marotta V, Rocco D, Crocco A, et al. Survival predictors of radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer treated with lenvatinib in the real-life. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2024;109(10):2541-52. DOI:10.1210/clinem/dgae181
11. Schmidt A, Iglesias L, Klain M, et al. Radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: an uncommon but challenging situation. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017;61(1):81-9. DOI:10.1590/2359-3997000000245
12. Lorusso L, Pieruzzi L, Biagini A, et al. Lenvatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of radioiodine refractory, advanced, and progressive thyroid cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 2016;9:6467-77. DOI:10.2147/OTT.S84625
13. Amin MB, Edge SB, Greene FL, et al. AJCC cancer staging manual. 8th ed. NewYork: Springer International Publishing, 2017.
14. Shen H, Zhu R, Liu Y, et al. Radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for radioiodine resistance. Drug Resist Updat. 2024;72:101013. DOI:10.1016/j.drup.2023.101013
15. Scheffel RS, Dora JM, Maia AL. BRAF mutations in thyroid cancer. Curr Opin Oncol. 2022;34(1):9-18. DOI:10.1097/CCO.0000000000000797
16. Abdullah MI, Junit SM, Ng KL, et al. Papillary thyroid cancer: Genetic alterations and molecular biomarker investigations. Int J Med Sci. 2019;16(3):450-60. DOI:10.7150/ijms.29935
17. Ancker OV, Krüger M, Wehland M, et al. Multikinase inhibitor treatment in thyroid cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;21(1):10. DOI:10.3390/ijms21010010
18. Schlumberger M, Tahara M, Wirth LJ, et al. Lenvatinib versus placebo in radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(7):621-30. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1406470
19. Tahara M, Brose MS, Wirth LJ, et al. Impact of dose interruption on the efficacy of lenvatinib in a phase 3 study in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2019;106:61-8. DOI:10.1016/j.ejca.2018.10.002
20. Brose MS, Panaseykin Y, Konda B, et al. A randomized study of lenvatinib 18 mg vs 24 mg in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022;107(3):776-87. DOI:10.1210/clinem/dgab731
21. Tang P, Sheng J, Peng X, et al. Targeting NOX4 disrupts the resistance of papillary thyroid carcinoma to chemotherapeutic drugs and lenvatinib. Cell Death Discov. 2022;8(1):177. DOI:10.1038/s41420-022-00994-7
22. Leboulleux S, Cao CD, Zerdoud S, et al. MERAIODE: A redifferentiation phase ii trial with trametinib and dabrafenib followed by radioactive iodine administration for metastatic radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer patients with a BRAFV600E mutation (NCT 03244956). J Endocr Soc. 2021;5(Suppl. 1):A876. DOI:10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1789
23. Busaidy NL, Konda B, Wei L, et al. Dabrafenib versus dabrafenib + trametinib in BRAF-mutated radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: Results of a randomized, phase 2, open-label multicenter trial. Thyroid. 2022;32(10):1184-92. DOI:10.1089/thy.2022.0115
24. Ullmann TM, Liang H, Moore MD, et al. Dual inhibition of BRAF and MEK increases expression of sodium iodide symporter in patient-derived papillary thyroid cancer cells in vitro. Surgery. 2020;167(1):56-63. DOI:10.1016/j.surg.2019.04.076
25. Bernocchi O, Sirico M, Corona SP, et al. Tumor type agnostic therapy carrying BRAF mutation: Case reports and review of literature. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021;14(2):159. DOI:10.3390/ph14020159
26. Rothenberg SM, McFadden DG, Palmer EL, et al. Redifferentiation of iodine-refractory BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic papillary thyroid cancer with dabrafenib. Clin Cancer Res. 2015;21(5):1028-35. DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-2915
27. Weber M, Kersting D, Riemann B, et al. Enhancing radioiodine incorporation into radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer with MAPK inhibition (ERRITI): A single-center prospective two-arm study. Clin Cancer Res. 2022;28(19):4194-202. DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0437
28. Jaber T, Waguespack SG, Cabanillas ME, et al. Targeted therapy in advanced thyroid cancer to resensitize tumors to radioactive iodine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2018;103(10):3698-705. DOI:10.1210/jc.2018-00612
29. Dunn LA, Sherman EJ, Baxi SS, et al. Vemurafenib redifferentiation of BRAF mutant, RAI-refractory thyroid cancers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104(5):1417-28. DOI:10.1210/jc.2018-01478
30. Iravani A, Solomon B, Pattison DA, et al. Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway inhibition for redifferentiation of radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: An evolving protocol. Thyroid. 2019;29(11):1634-45. DOI:10.1089/thy.2019.0143
31. Ho AL, Grewal RK, Leboeuf R, et al. Selumetinib-enhanced radioiodine uptake in advanced thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(7):623-32. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1209288
32. Huillard O, Tenenbaum F, Clerc J, et al. Restoring radioiodine uptake in BRAF V600E-mutated papillary thyroid cancer. J Endocr Soc. 2017;1(4):285-7. DOI:10.1210/js.2016-1114
33. Montes de Jesus FM, Espeli V, Paone G, Giovanella L. Add-on radioiodine during long-term BRAF/MEK inhibition in patients with RAI-refractory thyroid cancers: A reasonable option? Endocrine. 2023;81(3):450-4. DOI:10.1007/s12020-023-03388-6