Цель. Оценить диагностические возможности магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) сердца в установлении диагноза у пациентов, госпитализированных с инфарктом миокарда без обструктивного поражения коронарных артерий (анг. myocardial infarction with nonobstructed coronary arteries – MINOCA). Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 46 пациентов старше 18 лет, госпитализированных в период с 01.01.2018 по 01.10.2019 с диагнозом «острый коронарный синдром». Всем больным выполнена МРТ сердца в течение 7–10 дней после госпитализации. Исследование проведено на магнитно-резонансном томографе 1,5 Тесла с использованием стандартного протокола, включающего Т2-взвешенные изображения, кино-последовательности и отсроченное контрастирование. Результаты. По данным МРТ сердца ишемическое поражение сердца выявлено у 14 (30,4%) пациентов, миокардит – у 12 (26,1%) (рис. 2), гипертрофическая кардиомиопатия – у 6 (13,0%). У 14 (30,4%) лиц отсроченное контрастирование при МРТ не определялось. При этом у 2 (4,3%) из последней группы пациентов на момент проведения МРТ выявлены типичные признаки синдрома такоцубо, у 12 (26,1%) МРТ соответствовала норме. Средний возраст больных с ишемическим генезом поражения миокарда был значимо меньше, чем у пациентов с неишемическим генезом (56,1±12,3 против 64,6±12,8; p=0,04). Подъем сегмента ST на электрокардиографии выявлялся с одинаковой частотой у пациентов с ишемическим и неишемическим поражением миокарда (35,7% против 25,0%; p=0,76). При ишемическом поражении медиана уровня повышения тропонина составила 0,87 нг/мл [0,22; 1,85], при неишемическом поражении 0,22 нг/мл [0,07; 0,38]; p=0,008. Конкретный диагноз установлен у 73,9% пациентов. Заключение. Анализ серии наблюдений продемонстрировал, что клинико-лабораторные данные не позволяют поставить достоверный диагноз у пациентов с MINOCA. По данным МРТ сердца точный диагноз выявлен в большинстве случаев.
Ключевые слова: магнитно-резонансная томография, инфаркт миокарда без обструктивного поражения коронарных артерий, MINOCA, острый коронарный синдром, тропонин
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Aim of the study is to analyze diagnostic performance of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients, presented with myocardial infarction with nonobstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA). Materials ant methods. 46 consecutives patients presented with myocardial infarction without evidence of obstructive coronary disease on angiography between January, 1 2018 and October1, 2019 were included in the study. All patients underwent CMR within 10 days after admission. MRI was performed on 1.5 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) using comprehensive protocol (T2-images, Cine-CMR, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)). Results. CMR revealed myocardial infarction (MI) pattern in 14 patients (30.4%), myocarditis in 12 (26.1%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 6 (13.1%). In 14 patients (30.4%) no LGE was observed. Notably in 2 patients without LGE features of takotsubo syndrome were noted. Mean age was significantly lower in patients with MI versus patient with non-ischemic causes of MINOCA (56.1±12.3 vs 64.6±12.8; p=0.04). ST elevation at admission frequency didn’t differ between MI and non-ischemic patients (35.7% vs 25.0%; p=0.76). However MI patients had significantly increased troponin level, 0.87 [0.22; 1.85] vs 0.22 [0.07; 0.38]; p=0.008. CMR allowed to establish the précised clinical diagnosis in 73.9% of the cases. Conclusion. Clinical data doesn’t allow to differentiate ischemic or non-ischemic causes of MINOCA. However, CMR establish the correct diagnosis in most cases.
Keywords: cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), myocardial infarction with nonobstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA), acute coronary syndrome, troponin
Список литературы
1. Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, et al. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2018;39:119-77. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx393
2. DeWood MA, Spores J, Notske R, et al. Prevalence of total coronary occlusion during the early hours of transmural myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1980;303:897-902. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198010163031601
3. Smilowitz NR, Mahajan AM, Roe MT, et al. Mortality of Myocardial Infarction by Sex, Age, and Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Status in the ACTION Registry-GWTG (Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network Registry-Get With the Guidelines). Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2017;10(12):e003443.
doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003443
4. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al, Group ESCSD: Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Eur Heart J. 2018. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy462
5. Reynolds HR, Srichai MB, Iqbal SN, et al: Mechanisms of myocardial infarction in women without angiographically obstructive coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2011;124(13):1414-25. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.026542
6. Agewall S, Beltrame JF, Reynolds HR, et al: ESC working group position paper on myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(3):143-53. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw149
7. Bainey KR, Welsh RC, Alemayehu W, et al: Population-level incidence and outcomes of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA): Insights from the Alberta contemporary acute coronary syndrome patients invasive treatment strategies (COAPT) study. Int J Cardiol. 2018;264:12-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.04.004
8. Nordenskjold AM, Baron T, Eggers KM, et al: Predictors of adverse outcome in patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary artery (MINOCA) disease. Int J Cardiol. 2018;261:18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.056
9. Collste O, Sörensson P, Frick M, et al. Myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries is common and associated with normal findings on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: results from the Stockholm Myocardial Infarction with Normal Coronaries study. J Intern Med. 2013;273:189-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2012.02567.x
10. Mahmoudi M, Harden S, Abid N, et al. Troponin-positive chest pain with unobstructed coronary arteries: definitive differential diagnosis using cardiac MRI. Br J Radiol. 2012;85:e461-6.
11. Dastidar AG, Baritussio A, et al. Prognostic Role of CMR and Conventional Risk Factors in Myocardial Infarction With Nonobstructed Coronary Arteries. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(10):1973-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.12.023
12. Monney PA, Sekhri N, Burchell T, et al. Acute myocarditis presenting as acute coronary syndrome: role of early cardiac magnetic resonance in its diagnosis. Heart. 2011;97:1312-8. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2010.204818
13. Jenab Y, Pourjafari M, Darabi F, et al. Prevalence and determinants of elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Cardiol. 2014;63:140-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.07.008
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1. Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, et al. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2018;39:119-77. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx393
2. DeWood MA, Spores J, Notske R, et al. Prevalence of total coronary occlusion during the early hours of transmural myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1980;303:897-902. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198010163031601
3. Smilowitz NR, Mahajan AM, Roe MT, et al. Mortality of Myocardial Infarction by Sex, Age, and Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Status in the ACTION Registry-GWTG (Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network Registry-Get With the Guidelines). Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2017;10(12):e003443.
doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003443
4. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al, Group ESCSD: Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Eur Heart J. 2018. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy462
5. Reynolds HR, Srichai MB, Iqbal SN, et al: Mechanisms of myocardial infarction in women without angiographically obstructive coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2011;124(13):1414-25. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.026542
6. Agewall S, Beltrame JF, Reynolds HR, et al: ESC working group position paper on myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(3):143-53. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw149
7. Bainey KR, Welsh RC, Alemayehu W, et al: Population-level incidence and outcomes of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA): Insights from the Alberta contemporary acute coronary syndrome patients invasive treatment strategies (COAPT) study. Int J Cardiol. 2018;264:12-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.04.004
8. Nordenskjold AM, Baron T, Eggers KM, et al: Predictors of adverse outcome in patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary artery (MINOCA) disease. Int J Cardiol. 2018;261:18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.056
9. Collste O, Sörensson P, Frick M, et al. Myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries is common and associated with normal findings on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: results from the Stockholm Myocardial Infarction with Normal Coronaries study. J Intern Med. 2013;273:189-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2012.02567.x
10. Mahmoudi M, Harden S, Abid N, et al. Troponin-positive chest pain with unobstructed coronary arteries: definitive differential diagnosis using cardiac MRI. Br J Radiol. 2012;85:e461-6.
11. Dastidar AG, Baritussio A, et al. Prognostic Role of CMR and Conventional Risk Factors in Myocardial Infarction With Nonobstructed Coronary Arteries. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12(10):1973-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.12.023
12. Monney PA, Sekhri N, Burchell T, et al. Acute myocarditis presenting as acute coronary syndrome: role of early cardiac magnetic resonance in its diagnosis. Heart. 2011;97:1312-8. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2010.204818
13. Jenab Y, Pourjafari M, Darabi F, et al. Prevalence and determinants of elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Cardiol. 2014;63:140-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.07.008
1 ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница №1 им. Н.И. Пирогова» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия;
2 ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия;
3 ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
4 ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова», Москва, Россия
* isaevasaida88@mail.ru
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Ekaterina S. Pershina1, Dmitry Yu. Shchekochikhin1–3, Georgii M. Shaginyan1, Alexandra S. Shilova1,3, Andrei V. Sherashov1, Saida Kh. Isaeva*1,2, Maria G. Poltavskaya2, Mihail Yu. Gilyarov1–3, Aleksej V. Svet1–3, Valentin E. Sinitsyn4
1 Pirogov First City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia;
2 Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia;
3 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia;
4 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
* isaevasaida88@mail.ru