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Развитие портальной гипертензии и печеночной недостаточности у молодой женщины на фоне длительного приема витамина А. Клиническое наблюдение
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Arisheva OS, Avdoshina SV, Goreva LA, Markova MA. The development of portal hypertension and liver failure on the background of long-term intake of vitamin A in a young woman. Case report. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2022;94(2):254–258. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2022.02.201373
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Ключевые слова: ретинол, витамин А, цирроз печени, гепатотоксичность
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The use of over-the-Counter (OTC) pharmaceuticals is a common phenomenon in today's society. We present a case of liver injury associated with long-term OTC use of vitamin A. The young patient took daily up to 15 capsules of a combined preparation for 2 years containing retinol palmitate 55 mg (100,000 IU) + Alpha-Tocopherol acetate 100 mg, the content of vitamin A in which significantly exceeded the recommended daily dose. Gradually, the patient noted the appearance of arthralgia, skin itching, hyperemia of the palms and feet, exfoliation of the skin on the soles, profuse hair loss, cracks in the corners of the mouth and in the area of the earlobes. Patient's condition worsened with the development of signs of liver cirrhosis in the form of portal hypertension (ascites, splenomegaly) and a decrease in the protein-synthetic function of the organ. Chronic viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease, alcoholic liver disease were exclude. Liver biopsy showed characteristic signs of hypervitaminosis A without fibrosis. A complete regression of symptoms was observe within 8 months after discontinuation of the drug. A toxicity can lead to serious liver injury and should be considere in the differential diagnosis of chronic liver disease. Vitamin A should only be prescribe for medical reasons, for a limited period of time, and under close medical supervision.
Keywords: retinol, vitamin A, cirrhosis, portal hypertension
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9. García-Muñoz P, Bernal-Bellido C, Marchal-Santiago A, et al. Liver Cirrhosis From Chronic Hypervitaminosis A Resulting in Liver Transplantation: A Case Report. Transplant Proc. 2019;51(1):90-1. DOI:10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.03.141
10. Nollevaux M‐C, Guiot Y, Horsmans Y, et al. Hypervitaminosis A‐induced liver fibrosis: stellate cell activation and daily dose consumption. Liver Int. 2005;26:182-6.
DOI:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2005.01207.x
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1. Olson JM, Ameer MA, Goyal A. Vitamin A Toxicity. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2020. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532916/. Accessed: 11.02.2022.
2. LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2012. Retinoids. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548568/ Accessed: 11.02.2022.
3. Sherlok Sh, Duli Dzh. Zabolevaniia pecheni i zhelchnykh putei. Per. s angl. Pod red. ZG Aprosinoi, NA Mukhina. Moscow: GEOTAR Meditsina, 1999 (in Russian).
4. Berera S, Calmet F, Arosemena L, et al. Hypervitaminosis A Presenting With Decompensated Liver Disease in the Absence of Cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109:S362
5. Sy AM, Kumar SR, Steinberg J, et al. Liver Damage due to Hypervitaminosis. ACG Case Rep J. 2020;7(7):e00431. DOI:10.14309/crj.0000000000000431
6. Isotretinoin/retinol: Various toxicities: case report. Reactions Weekly. 2020;1804:166. DOI:10.1007/s40278-020-78595-8
7. Cheruvattath R, Orrego M, Gautam M, et al. Vitamin A toxicity: when one a day doesn't keep the doctor away. Liver Transpl. 2006;12(12):1888-91. DOI:10.1002/lt.21007
8. Geubel AP, De Galocsy C, Alves N, et al. Liver damage caused by therapeutic vitamin A administration: estimate of dose-related toxicity in 41 cases. Gastroenterology. 1991;100(6):1701-9. DOI:10.1016/0016-5085(91)90672-8
9. García-Muñoz P, Bernal-Bellido C, Marchal-Santiago A, et al. Liver Cirrhosis From Chronic Hypervitaminosis A Resulting in Liver Transplantation: A Case Report. Transplant Proc. 2019;51(1):90-1. DOI:10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.03.141
10. Nollevaux M‐C, Guiot Y, Horsmans Y, et al. Hypervitaminosis A‐induced liver fibrosis: stellate cell activation and daily dose consumption. Liver Int. 2005;26:182-6.
DOI:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2005.01207.x
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов», Москва, Россия
*olga.arisheva@yandex.ru
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Olga S. Arisheva*, Svetlana V. Avdoshina, Lubov A. Goreva, Maria A. Markova
Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
*olga.arisheva@yandex.ru