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Сердечная недостаточность и ожирение
Сафиуллина А.А., Ускач Т.М., Сайпудинова К.М., Терещенко С.Н., Чазова И.Е. Сердечная недостаточность и ожирение. Терапевтический архив. 2022;94(9):1115–1121. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2022.09.201837
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2022 г.
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2022 г.
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Safiullina AA, Uskach TM, Saipudinova KM, Tereshchenko SN, Chazova IE. Heart failure and obesity. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2022;94(9):1115–1121. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2022.09.201837
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Аннотация
Ожирение является независимым предиктором сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ), в том числе сердечной недостаточности (СН). Тем не менее многочисленные исследования показали, что пациенты с ССЗ, имеющие избыточную массу тела и легкую стадию ожирения, имеют лучший краткосрочный и умеренный прогноз, чем более худые пациенты с ССЗ. Данный феномен назвали «парадоксом ожирения». Понимание «парадокса ожирения» имеет важное значение у пациентов с СН, учитывая высокую распространенность ожирения среди них. В статье представлен обзор клинических исследований, посвященных изучению ожирения как фактора риска СН, патогенеза СН при ожирении, освещены вопросы «парадокса ожирения» и лечения ожирения у данной категории пациентов.
Ключевые слова: ожирение, сердечная недостаточность, «парадокс ожирения»
Ключевые слова: ожирение, сердечная недостаточность, «парадокс ожирения»
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Obesity is an independent predictor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart failure (HF). Nevertheless, numerous studies have shown that patients with CVD who are overweight and slightly obese have a better short-term and moderate prognosis than thinner patients with CVD. This phenomenon has been called the “obesity paradox”. Understanding the “obesity paradox” is important in patients with HF, given the high prevalence of obesity in patients with HF. The article presents an overview of clinical studies devoted to the study of obesity as a risk factor for HF, the pathogenesis of HF in obesity, and highlights the issues of the “obesity paradox” and the treatment of obesity in this category of patients.
Keywords: obesity, heart failure, “obesity paradox”
Полный текст
Список литературы
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5. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(36):3599-726. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab368
6. Ross R, Blair SN, Arena R, et al. Importance of Assessing Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Clinical Practice: A Case for Fitness as a Clinical Vital Sign: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016;134:e653-99. DOI:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000461
7. Del Buono MG, Arena R, Borlaug BA, et al. Exercise Intolerance in Patients with Heart Failure: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73:2209-25. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.01.072
8. Mandsager K, Harb S, Cremer P, et al. Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness with Long-term Mortality Among Adults Undergoing Exercise Treadmill Test-ing. JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(6):e183605. DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3605
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10. Pandey A, Garg S, Khunger M, et al. Dose-response relationship between physical activity and risk of heart failure: a meta-analysis. Circulation. 2015;132(19):1786-94.
11. Pandey A, Patel M, Gao A, et al. Changes in midlife fitness predicts heart failure risk at a later age independent of interval development of cardiac and noncardiac risk factors: the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study. Am Heart J. 2015;169(2):290-7.
12. Bhaskaran K, Dos-Santos-Silva I, Leon DA, et al. Association of BMI with overall and cause-specific mortality: a population-based cohort study of 3·6 million adults in the UK. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018;6:944-53. DOI:10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30288-2
13. Kenchaiah S, Evans JC, Levy D, et al. Obesity and the risk of heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(5):305-13. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa020245
14. Savji N, Meijers WC, Bartz TM, et al. The association of obesity and cardiometabolic traits with incident HFpEF and HFrEF. JACC Heart Fail. 2018;6:701-9. DOI:10.1016/j.jchf.2018.05.018
15. Liu L, Lima JAC, Post WS, et al. Associations of time-varying obesity and metabolic syndrome with risk of incident heart failure and its subtypes: Findings from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Int J Cardiol. 2021;338:127-35. DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.05.051
16. Bi J, Song L, Wang L, et al. Transitions in metabolic health status over time and risk of heart failure: a prospective study. Diabetes Metab. 2021;48(1):101266. DOI:10.1016/j.diabet.2021.101266
17. Fauchier G, Bisson A, Bodin A, et al. Metabolically healthy obesity and cardiovascular events: A nationwide cohort study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2021;23(11):2492-501. DOI:10.1111/dom.14492
18. Zhou Z, Macpherson J, Gray SR, et al. Are people with metabolically healthy obesity really healthy? A prospective cohort study of 381,363 UK Biobank participants. Diabetologia. 2021;64(9):1963-72. DOI:10.1007/s00125-021-05484-6
19. Tian S, Xu Y. Association of sarcopenic obesity with the risk of all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2016;16:155-66. DOI:10.1111/ggi.12579
20. Sharma A, Lavie CJ, Borer JS, et al. Meta-analysis of the relation of body mass index to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization in patients with chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2015;115:1428-34. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.02.024
21. Chandramouli C, Tay WT, Bamadhaj NS, et al. Association of obesity with heart failure outcomes in 11 Asian regions: a cohort study. PLoS Med. 2019;16:1-17. DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002916
22. Amato MC, Guarnotta V, Giordano C. Body composition assessment for the definition of cardiometabolic risk. J Endocrinol Invest. 2013;36:537-43. DOI:10.3275/8943
23. Rotella CM, Dicembrini I. Measurement of body composition as a surrogate evaluation of energy balance in obese patients. World J Methodol. 2015;5:1-9. DOI:10.5662/wjm.v5.i1.1
24. Rao VN, Zhao D, Allison MA, et al. Adiposity and incident heart failure and its subtypes MESA (multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis). JACC Heart Fail. 2018;6:999-1007. DOI:10.1016/j.jchf.2018.07.009
25. Pandey A, Kondamudi N, Patel KV, et al. Association between regional adipose tissue distribution and risk of heart failure among blacks. Circ Heart Fail. 2018;11:e005629. DOI:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005629
26. Nicklas BJ, Cesari M, Penninx BWJH, et al. Abdominal obesity is an independent risk factor for chronic heart failure in older people. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54:413-20. DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00624.x
27. Carbone S, Billingsley HE, Rodriguez-Miguelez P, et al. Lean mass abnormalities in heart failure: the role of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and cachexia. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2020;45:100417. DOI:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2019.03.006
28. De Schutter A, Lavie CJ, Kachur S, et al. Body composition and mortality in a large cohort with preserved ejection fraction: Untangling the obesity paradox. Mayo Clin Proc. 2014;89:1072-9. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.04.025
29. Kitzman DW, Brubaker P, Morgan T, et al. Effect of caloric restriction or aerobic exercise training on peak oxygen consumption and quality of life in obese older patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;315:36-46. DOI:10.1001/jama.2015.17346
30. Alpert MA, Omran J, Mehra A, Ardhanari S. Impact of obesity and weight loss on cardiac performance and morphology in adults. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2014;56:391-400.
31. Alpert MA, Lavie CJ, Agrawal H, et al. Obesity and heart failure: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and management. Transl Res. 2014;164:345-56.
32. Sung JK, Kim JY. Obesity and preclinical changes of cardiac geometry and function. Korean Circ J. 2010;40(2):55-61. DOI:10.4070/kcj.2010.40.2.55
33. Aurigemma GP, de Simone G, Fitzgibbons TP. Cardiac remodeling in obesity. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(1):142-52. DOI:10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.111.964627
34. Woodwiss AJ, Libhaber CD, Majane OH, et al. Obesity promotes left ventricular concentric rather than eccentric geometric remodeling and hypertrophy independent of blood pressure. Am J Hypertens. 2008;21:1144-51.
35. Tumuklu MM, Etikan I, Kisacik B, Kayikcioglu M. Effect of obesity on left ventricular structure and myocardial systolic function: assessment by tissue Doppler imaging and strain/strain rate imaging. Echocardiography. 2007;24(8):802-9. DOI:10.1111/j.1540-8175.2007.00484.x
36. Wang YC, Liang CS, Gopal DM, et al. Preclinical systolic and diastolic dysfunctions in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese individuals. Circ Heart Fail. 2015;8(5):897-904. DOI:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.002026
37. Russo C, Sera F, Jin Z, et al. Abdominal adiposity, general obesity, and subclinical systolic dysfunction in the elderly: a population-based cohort study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(5):537-44. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.521
38. Garg PK, Biggs ML, Kizer JR, et al. Associations of body size and composition with subclinical cardiac dysfunction in older individuals: the cardiovascular health study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2021;45(12):2539-45. DOI:10.1038/s41366-021-00926-y
39. Blomstrand P, Sjöblom P, Nilsson M, et al. Overweight and obesity impair left ventricular systolic function as measured by left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2018;17(1):113. DOI:10.1186/s12933-018-0756-2
40. Ren J, Wu NN, Wang S, et al. Obesity cardiomyopathy: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Physiol Rev. 2021;101(4):1745-807. DOI:10.1152/physrev.00030.2020
41. Carbone S, Javie CJ, Elagizi A, et al. The Impact of Obesity in Heart Failure. Heart Fail Clin. 2020;16(1):71-80. DOI:10.1016/j.hfc.2019.08.008
42. Peterson LR. Obesity and insulin resistance: effects on cardiac structure, function and substrate metabolism. Curr Hypertension Rep. 2006;8:451-6.
43. Gruson D, Ahn SA, Rosseau MF. Biomarkers of inflammation and cardiac remodeling: the quest of relevant companions for the risk stratification of heart failure patients is still on going. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2011;21:254-63. DOI:10.11613/BM.2011.035
44. Horwich TB, Fonarow GC, Hamilton MA, et al. The relationship between obesity and mortality in patients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38(3):789-95.
DOI:10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01448-6
45. Kapoor JR, Heidenreich PA. Obesity and survival in patients with heart failure and preserved systolic function: a U-shaped relationship. Am Heart J. 2010;159(1):75-80. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2009.10.026
46. Oreopoulos A, Padwal R, Kalantar-Zadeh K, et al. Body mass index and mortality in heart failure: a meta-analysis. Am Heart J. 2008;156(1):13-22. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2008.02.014
47. Zamora E, Lupon J, Urrutia A, et al. Does body mass index influence mortality in patients with heart failure? Rev Esp Cardiol. 2007;60(11):1127-34 (in Spanish).
48. Curtis JP, Soko SI, Wang Y, et al. The association of left ventricular ejection fraction, mortality, and cause of death in stable outpatients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42(4):736-42. DOI:10.1016/s0735-1097(03)00789-7
49. Fonarow GC, Srikanthan P, Costanzo MR, et al. An obesity paradox in acute heart failure: analysis of body mass index and inhospital mortality for 108,927 patients in the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry. Am Heart J. 2007;153(1):74-81.
50. Haass M, Kitzman DW, Anand IS, et al. Body mass index and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction: results from the irbesartan in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (I-PRESERVE) trial. Circ Heart Fail. 2011;4:324-31. DOI:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.110.959890
51. Kenchaiah S, Pocock SJ, Wang D, et al. Body mass index and prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure: insights from the candesartan in heart failure: assessment of reduction in mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program. Circulation. 2007;116:627-36. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.679779
52. Hegde SM, Claggett B, Shah AM, et al. Physical activity and prognosis in the TOPCAT trial (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist). Circulation. 2017;136(11):982-92. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028002
53. Carbone S, Canada JM, Billingsley HE, et al. Obesity paradox in cardiovascular disease: wh ere do we stand? Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2019;15:89-100. DOI:10.2147/VHRM.S168946
54. Carbone S, Lavie CJ, Arena R. Obesity and heart failure: focus on the obesity paradox. Mayo Clinic Proc. 2017;92:266-79. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.11.001
55. Itoh H, Kaneko H, Kiriyama H, et al. Reverse J-shaped relationship between body mass index and in-hospital mortality of patients hospitalized for heart failure in Japan. Heart Vessels. 2021;36(3):383-92. DOI:10.1007/s00380-020-01699-6
56. Padwal R, McAlister F, McMurray J, et al; Meta-analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC). The obesity paradox in heart failure patients with preserved versus reduced ejection fraction: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Int J Obes (Lond). 2014;38(8):1110-4. DOI:10.1038/ijo.2013.203
57. Wang L, Zhao LP, Chen Y, et al. Obesity paradox in pulmonary hypertension due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Herz. 2021;46(6):575-80. DOI:10.1007/s00059-021-05023-4
58. Piepoli MF, Corra U, Veglia F, et al; MECKI Score Research Group. Exercise tolerance can explain the obesity paradox in patients with systolic heart failure: data from the MECKI Score Research Group. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(5):545-53. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.534
59. Lavie CJ, Alpert MA, Arena R, et al. Impact of obesity and the obesity paradox on prevalence and prognosis in heart failure. JACC Heart Fail. 2013;1(2):98-102. DOI:10.1016/j.jchf.2013.01.006
60. Дедов И.И., Мельниченко Г.А., Шестакова М.В., и др. Национальные клинические рекомендации по лечению морбидного ожирения у взрослых. 3-ий пересмотр (лечение морбидного ожирения у взрослых). Ожирение и метаболизм. 2018;15(1):53-70 [Dedov II, Mel'nichenko GA, Shestakova MV, et al. Russian national clinical recommendations for morbid obesity treatment in adults. 3rd revision (Morbid obesity treatment in adults). Obesity and Metabolism. 2018;15(1):53-70 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.14341/OMET2018153-70
61. Flynn KE, Piña IL, Whellan DJ, et al; HF-ACTION Investigators. Effects of exercise training on health status in patients with chronic heart failure: HF-ACTION randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;301:1451-9. DOI:10.1001/jama.2009.457
62. Jorsal A, Kistorp C, Holmager P, et al. Effect of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, on left ventricular function in stable chronic heart failure patients with and without diabetes (LIVE): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19:69-77. DOI:10.1002/ejhf
63. Adamson C, Jhund PS, Docherty KF, et al. Efficacy of dapagliflozin in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction according to body mass index. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021;23(10):1662-72. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.2308
64. Oyama K, Raz I, Cahn A, et al. Obesity and effects of dapagliflozin on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes melli-tus in the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(31):2958-67. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab530
65. Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, Deswal A, et al. Contributory risk and management of comorbidities of hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome in chronic heart failure: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016;134:e535-78. DOI:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000450
66. Lavie CJ, Laddu D, Arena R, et al. Reprint of: healthy weight and obesity prevention: JACC Health Promotion Series. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(Pt. B):3027-52. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.10.024
67. Horwich TB, Fonarow GC, Clark AL. Obesity and the obesity paradox in heart failure. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2018;61:151-6. DOI:10.1016/j.pcad.2018.05.005
68. Sundstrom J, Bruze G, Ottosson J, et al. Weight loss and heart failure: a nationwide study of gastric bypass surgery versus intensive lifestyle treatment. Circulation. 2017;135(17):1577-85. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.025629
69. Shimada YJ, Tsugawa Y, Brown DFM, Hasegawa K. Bariatric surgery and emergency department visits and hospitalizations for heart failure exacerbation: population-based, self-controlled series. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(8):895-903. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.12.016
________________________________________________
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27. Carbone S, Billingsley HE, Rodriguez-Miguelez P, et al. Lean mass abnormalities in heart failure: the role of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and cachexia. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2020;45:100417. DOI:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2019.03.006
28. De Schutter A, Lavie CJ, Kachur S, et al. Body composition and mortality in a large cohort with preserved ejection fraction: Untangling the obesity paradox. Mayo Clin Proc. 2014;89:1072-9. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.04.025
29. Kitzman DW, Brubaker P, Morgan T, et al. Effect of caloric restriction or aerobic exercise training on peak oxygen consumption and quality of life in obese older patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;315:36-46. DOI:10.1001/jama.2015.17346
30. Alpert MA, Omran J, Mehra A, Ardhanari S. Impact of obesity and weight loss on cardiac performance and morphology in adults. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2014;56:391-400.
31. Alpert MA, Lavie CJ, Agrawal H, et al. Obesity and heart failure: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and management. Transl Res. 2014;164:345-56.
32. Sung JK, Kim JY. Obesity and preclinical changes of cardiac geometry and function. Korean Circ J. 2010;40(2):55-61. DOI:10.4070/kcj.2010.40.2.55
33. Aurigemma GP, de Simone G, Fitzgibbons TP. Cardiac remodeling in obesity. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(1):142-52. DOI:10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.111.964627
34. Woodwiss AJ, Libhaber CD, Majane OH, et al. Obesity promotes left ventricular concentric rather than eccentric geometric remodeling and hypertrophy independent of blood pressure. Am J Hypertens. 2008;21:1144-51.
35. Tumuklu MM, Etikan I, Kisacik B, Kayikcioglu M. Effect of obesity on left ventricular structure and myocardial systolic function: assessment by tissue Doppler imaging and strain/strain rate imaging. Echocardiography. 2007;24(8):802-9. DOI:10.1111/j.1540-8175.2007.00484.x
36. Wang YC, Liang CS, Gopal DM, et al. Preclinical systolic and diastolic dysfunctions in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese individuals. Circ Heart Fail. 2015;8(5):897-904. DOI:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.002026
37. Russo C, Sera F, Jin Z, et al. Abdominal adiposity, general obesity, and subclinical systolic dysfunction in the elderly: a population-based cohort study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(5):537-44. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.521
38. Garg PK, Biggs ML, Kizer JR, et al. Associations of body size and composition with subclinical cardiac dysfunction in older individuals: the cardiovascular health study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2021;45(12):2539-45. DOI:10.1038/s41366-021-00926-y
39. Blomstrand P, Sjöblom P, Nilsson M, et al. Overweight and obesity impair left ventricular systolic function as measured by left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2018;17(1):113. DOI:10.1186/s12933-018-0756-2
40. Ren J, Wu NN, Wang S, et al. Obesity cardiomyopathy: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Physiol Rev. 2021;101(4):1745-807. DOI:10.1152/physrev.00030.2020
41. Carbone S, Javie CJ, Elagizi A, et al. The Impact of Obesity in Heart Failure. Heart Fail Clin. 2020;16(1):71-80. DOI:10.1016/j.hfc.2019.08.008
42. Peterson LR. Obesity and insulin resistance: effects on cardiac structure, function and substrate metabolism. Curr Hypertension Rep. 2006;8:451-6.
43. Gruson D, Ahn SA, Rosseau MF. Biomarkers of inflammation and cardiac remodeling: the quest of relevant companions for the risk stratification of heart failure patients is still on going. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2011;21:254-63. DOI:10.11613/BM.2011.035
44. Horwich TB, Fonarow GC, Hamilton MA, et al. The relationship between obesity and mortality in patients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38(3):789-95.
DOI:10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01448-6
45. Kapoor JR, Heidenreich PA. Obesity and survival in patients with heart failure and preserved systolic function: a U-shaped relationship. Am Heart J. 2010;159(1):75-80. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2009.10.026
46. Oreopoulos A, Padwal R, Kalantar-Zadeh K, et al. Body mass index and mortality in heart failure: a meta-analysis. Am Heart J. 2008;156(1):13-22. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2008.02.014
47. Zamora E, Lupon J, Urrutia A, et al. Does body mass index influence mortality in patients with heart failure? Rev Esp Cardiol. 2007;60(11):1127-34 (in Spanish).
48. Curtis JP, Soko SI, Wang Y, et al. The association of left ventricular ejection fraction, mortality, and cause of death in stable outpatients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42(4):736-42. DOI:10.1016/s0735-1097(03)00789-7
49. Fonarow GC, Srikanthan P, Costanzo MR, et al. An obesity paradox in acute heart failure: analysis of body mass index and inhospital mortality for 108,927 patients in the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry. Am Heart J. 2007;153(1):74-81.
50. Haass M, Kitzman DW, Anand IS, et al. Body mass index and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction: results from the irbesartan in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (I-PRESERVE) trial. Circ Heart Fail. 2011;4:324-31. DOI:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.110.959890
51. Kenchaiah S, Pocock SJ, Wang D, et al. Body mass index and prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure: insights from the candesartan in heart failure: assessment of reduction in mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program. Circulation. 2007;116:627-36. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.679779
52. Hegde SM, Claggett B, Shah AM, et al. Physical activity and prognosis in the TOPCAT trial (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist). Circulation. 2017;136(11):982-92. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028002
53. Carbone S, Canada JM, Billingsley HE, et al. Obesity paradox in cardiovascular disease: wh ere do we stand? Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2019;15:89-100. DOI:10.2147/VHRM.S168946
54. Carbone S, Lavie CJ, Arena R. Obesity and heart failure: focus on the obesity paradox. Mayo Clinic Proc. 2017;92:266-79. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.11.001
55. Itoh H, Kaneko H, Kiriyama H, et al. Reverse J-shaped relationship between body mass index and in-hospital mortality of patients hospitalized for heart failure in Japan. Heart Vessels. 2021;36(3):383-92. DOI:10.1007/s00380-020-01699-6
56. Padwal R, McAlister F, McMurray J, et al; Meta-analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC). The obesity paradox in heart failure patients with preserved versus reduced ejection fraction: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Int J Obes (Lond). 2014;38(8):1110-4. DOI:10.1038/ijo.2013.203
57. Wang L, Zhao LP, Chen Y, et al. Obesity paradox in pulmonary hypertension due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Herz. 2021;46(6):575-80. DOI:10.1007/s00059-021-05023-4
58. Piepoli MF, Corra U, Veglia F, et al; MECKI Score Research Group. Exercise tolerance can explain the obesity paradox in patients with systolic heart failure: data from the MECKI Score Research Group. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(5):545-53. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.534
59. Lavie CJ, Alpert MA, Arena R, et al. Impact of obesity and the obesity paradox on prevalence and prognosis in heart failure. JACC Heart Fail. 2013;1(2):98-102. DOI:10.1016/j.jchf.2013.01.006
60. Dedov II, Mel'nichenko GA, Shestakova MV, et al. Russian national clinical recommendations for morbid obesity treatment in adults. 3rd revision (Morbid obesity treatment in adults). Obesity and Metabolism. 2018;15(1):53-70 (in Russian). DOI:10.14341/OMET2018153-70
61. Flynn KE, Piña IL, Whellan DJ, et al; HF-ACTION Investigators. Effects of exercise training on health status in patients with chronic heart failure: HF-ACTION randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;301:1451-9. DOI:10.1001/jama.2009.457
62. Jorsal A, Kistorp C, Holmager P, et al. Effect of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, on left ventricular function in stable chronic heart failure patients with and without diabetes (LIVE): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19:69-77. DOI:10.1002/ejhf
63. Adamson C, Jhund PS, Docherty KF, et al. Efficacy of dapagliflozin in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction according to body mass index. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021;23(10):1662-72. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.2308
64. Oyama K, Raz I, Cahn A, et al. Obesity and effects of dapagliflozin on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes melli-tus in the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(31):2958-67. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab530
65. Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, Deswal A, et al. Contributory risk and management of comorbidities of hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome in chronic heart failure: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016;134:e535-78. DOI:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000450
66. Lavie CJ, Laddu D, Arena R, et al. Reprint of: healthy weight and obesity prevention: JACC Health Promotion Series. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(Pt. B):3027-52. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.10.024
67. Horwich TB, Fonarow GC, Clark AL. Obesity and the obesity paradox in heart failure. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2018;61:151-6. DOI:10.1016/j.pcad.2018.05.005
68. Sundstrom J, Bruze G, Ottosson J, et al. Weight loss and heart failure: a nationwide study of gastric bypass surgery versus intensive lifestyle treatment. Circulation. 2017;135(17):1577-85. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.025629
69. Shimada YJ, Tsugawa Y, Brown DFM, Hasegawa K. Bariatric surgery and emergency department visits and hospitalizations for heart failure exacerbation: population-based, self-controlled series. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(8):895-903. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.12.016
Авторы
А.А. Сафиуллина*1, Т.М. Ускач1,2, К.М. Сайпудинова1, С.Н. Терещенко1,2, И.Е. Чазова1
1 ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. акад. Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*a_safiulina@mail.ru
1 ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. акад. Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*a_safiulina@mail.ru
________________________________________________
Alfiya A. Safiullina*1, Tatiana M. Uskach1,2, Karina M. Saipudinova1, Sergey N. Tereshchenko1,2, Irina E. Chazova1
1 Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia;
2 Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
*a_safiulina@mail.ru
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