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Висцеральное ожирение как фактор риска развития рака молочной железы - Журнал Терапевтический архив №10 Вопросы эндокринологии 2025
Висцеральное ожирение как фактор риска развития рака молочной железы
Баирова К.И., Мкртумян А.М., Прилепа С.А., Медведева Е.В. Висцеральное ожирение как фактор риска развития рака молочной железы. Терапевтический архив. 2025;97(10):830–835. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2025.10.203363
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2025 г.
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2025 г.
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Аннотация
Введение. Имеются доказательства взаимосвязи ожирения с некоторыми видами рака, в том числе рака молочной железы (РМЖ). Исследования взаимосвязи характера распределения жировой ткани, висцерального ожирения (ВО) и инсулинорезистентности (ИР) с развитием РМЖ практически отсутствуют. Наше исследование посвящено влиянию ВО и ИР на развитие РМЖ.
Цель. Оценить частоту ВО и ИР у пациенток с впервые выявленным РМЖ в амбулаторном звене.
Материалы и методы. Проведено обсервационное ретроспективное исследование, включающее 160 электронных медицинских карт женщин с подозрением на рак. Группа контроля (n=103) включала женщин с негативным гистологическим исследованием. Исследуемую группу составили пациентки, у которых РМЖ подтвержден гистологически. Оценивали антропометрические данные, гликемию и липидный профиль. Статистическая обработка результатов выполнена методом описательной статистики и расчета коэффициента корреляции Спирмена с оценкой достоверности по t-критерию Стьюдента.
Результаты. Максимальная частота РМЖ наблюдается у женщин старше 60 лет (80%). Средний возраст в группе участниц с подтвержденным РМЖ составил 64,51±10,30 года, в группе контроля – 55,81±12,20 (р<0,0004). Средний индекс массы тела у пациенток с РМЖ составил 30,50±4,98, в группе контроля – 25,76±5,70 (р<0,05). Высокий уровень ВО отмечен у 82% пациенток с РМЖ. В группе пациенток с РМЖ частота встречаемости высоких значений общего холестерина – 72%, триглицеридов – 61%, липопротеинов низкой плотности – 68%, тогда как в группе пациенток с неподтвержденным РМЖ – соответственно 10, 33, 24%. При оценке косвенных признаков ИР у пациенток с РМЖ зафиксированы высокие значения показателей, что указывает на ее наличие: в группе контроля индекс ВО выше нормальных значений в 22% случаев, отношение триглицеридов к липопротеинам высокой плотности – в 12%, метаболический индекс – в 1%, индекс накопления липидов – в 14%.
Заключение. Результаты исследования подчеркивают значимость ВО и ИР в патогенезе РМЖ, что имеет важное значение для ранней диагностики и профилактики заболевания.
Ключевые слова: рак молочной железы, инсулинорезистентность, висцеральное ожирение
Aim. To assess the frequency of VO and insulin resistance in patients with newly diagnosed BC in an outpatient setting.
Materials and methods. An observational retrospective study was conducted, including 160 electronic medical records of women with suspected cancer. The control group (n=103) consisted of women with negative histological results. The study group consisted of patients in whom BC was confirmed histologically. Anthropometric data, glycemia, and lipid profile were studied. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the method of descriptive statistics and calculation of the Spearman correlation coefficient with reliability assessment by the Student's t-test.
Results. The maximum frequency of BC is observed in women over 60 years old (80%). The average age in the group of participants with confirmed BC was 64.51±10.30, in the control group 55.81±12.20 (p<0.0004%). The average Body Mass Index in patients in the group with BC was 30.50±4.98, in the control group – 25.76±5.70 (p<0.05). The average Body Mass Index in the BC group was 30.50, in the control group – 25.76 (p<0.05). A high level of VO was found in 82% of patients with BC. We have found that in the group of patients with BC the frequency of occurrence of high Total Cholesterol values is 72%, Triglycerides – 61%, Low-Density Lipoprotein – 68%, while in the group of patients with unconfirmed BC 10, 33, 24% respectively. When assessing indirect signs of insulin resistance in patients with BC high values of the indicators were recorded, which indicates the presence of insulin resistance. In the control group, Visceral Adiposity Index was detected in 22% of cases above normal values, the Triglycerides to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol index was detected above normal values in 12% of cases, Metabolic Index – 1%, Lipid Accumulation Product – 14%.
Conclusion. The results of the study emphasize the importance of VO and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, which is important for early diagnosis and prevention of the disease.
Keywords: breast cancer, insulin resistance, visceral obesity
Цель. Оценить частоту ВО и ИР у пациенток с впервые выявленным РМЖ в амбулаторном звене.
Материалы и методы. Проведено обсервационное ретроспективное исследование, включающее 160 электронных медицинских карт женщин с подозрением на рак. Группа контроля (n=103) включала женщин с негативным гистологическим исследованием. Исследуемую группу составили пациентки, у которых РМЖ подтвержден гистологически. Оценивали антропометрические данные, гликемию и липидный профиль. Статистическая обработка результатов выполнена методом описательной статистики и расчета коэффициента корреляции Спирмена с оценкой достоверности по t-критерию Стьюдента.
Результаты. Максимальная частота РМЖ наблюдается у женщин старше 60 лет (80%). Средний возраст в группе участниц с подтвержденным РМЖ составил 64,51±10,30 года, в группе контроля – 55,81±12,20 (р<0,0004). Средний индекс массы тела у пациенток с РМЖ составил 30,50±4,98, в группе контроля – 25,76±5,70 (р<0,05). Высокий уровень ВО отмечен у 82% пациенток с РМЖ. В группе пациенток с РМЖ частота встречаемости высоких значений общего холестерина – 72%, триглицеридов – 61%, липопротеинов низкой плотности – 68%, тогда как в группе пациенток с неподтвержденным РМЖ – соответственно 10, 33, 24%. При оценке косвенных признаков ИР у пациенток с РМЖ зафиксированы высокие значения показателей, что указывает на ее наличие: в группе контроля индекс ВО выше нормальных значений в 22% случаев, отношение триглицеридов к липопротеинам высокой плотности – в 12%, метаболический индекс – в 1%, индекс накопления липидов – в 14%.
Заключение. Результаты исследования подчеркивают значимость ВО и ИР в патогенезе РМЖ, что имеет важное значение для ранней диагностики и профилактики заболевания.
Ключевые слова: рак молочной железы, инсулинорезистентность, висцеральное ожирение
________________________________________________
Aim. To assess the frequency of VO and insulin resistance in patients with newly diagnosed BC in an outpatient setting.
Materials and methods. An observational retrospective study was conducted, including 160 electronic medical records of women with suspected cancer. The control group (n=103) consisted of women with negative histological results. The study group consisted of patients in whom BC was confirmed histologically. Anthropometric data, glycemia, and lipid profile were studied. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the method of descriptive statistics and calculation of the Spearman correlation coefficient with reliability assessment by the Student's t-test.
Results. The maximum frequency of BC is observed in women over 60 years old (80%). The average age in the group of participants with confirmed BC was 64.51±10.30, in the control group 55.81±12.20 (p<0.0004%). The average Body Mass Index in patients in the group with BC was 30.50±4.98, in the control group – 25.76±5.70 (p<0.05). The average Body Mass Index in the BC group was 30.50, in the control group – 25.76 (p<0.05). A high level of VO was found in 82% of patients with BC. We have found that in the group of patients with BC the frequency of occurrence of high Total Cholesterol values is 72%, Triglycerides – 61%, Low-Density Lipoprotein – 68%, while in the group of patients with unconfirmed BC 10, 33, 24% respectively. When assessing indirect signs of insulin resistance in patients with BC high values of the indicators were recorded, which indicates the presence of insulin resistance. In the control group, Visceral Adiposity Index was detected in 22% of cases above normal values, the Triglycerides to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol index was detected above normal values in 12% of cases, Metabolic Index – 1%, Lipid Accumulation Product – 14%.
Conclusion. The results of the study emphasize the importance of VO and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, which is important for early diagnosis and prevention of the disease.
Keywords: breast cancer, insulin resistance, visceral obesity
Полный текст
Список литературы
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5. Salukhov VV, Kadin DV. Obesity as a cancer risk factor. Literature review. Meditsinsky sovet. 2019;(4):94-102 (in Russian). DOI:10.21518/2079-701X-2019-4-94-102
6. Kolb R, Sutterwala FS, Zhang W. Obesity and cancer: inflammation bridges the two. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2016;29:77-89. DOI:10.1016/j.coph.2016.07.005
7. Iyengar NM, Gucalp A, Dannenberg AJ, Hudis CA. Obesity and Cancer Mechanisms: Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammtion. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(35):4270-6. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2016.67.4283
8. Glenny EM, Coleman MF, Giles ED, et al. Designing Relevant Preclinical Rodent Models for Studying Links Between Nutrition, Obesity, Metabolism, and Cancer. Annu Rev Nutr. 2021;41:253-82. DOI:10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-032437
9. Carter P, Vithayathil M, Kar S, et al. Predicting the effect of statins on cancer risk using genetic variants from a Mendelian randomization study in the UK Biobank. Elife. 2020;9:e57191. DOI:10.7554/eLife.57191
10. White AJ, Nichols HB, Bradshaw PT, Sandler DP. Overall and central adiposity and breast cancer risk in the Sister Study. Cancer. 2015;121(20):3700-8. DOI:10.1002/cncr.29552
11. Van den Brandt PA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, et al. Pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies on height, weight, and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;152(6):514-27. DOI:10.1093/aje/152.6.514
12. Sebastiani F, Cortesi L, Sant M, et al. Increased incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women with high body mass index at the Modena Screening Program. J Breast Cancer. 2016;19(3):283-91. DOI:10.4048/jbc.2016.19.3.283
13. Bhaskaran K, Douglas I, Forbes H, et al. Body mass index and risk of 22 specific cancers: a population-based cohort study of 5.24 million UK adults. Lancet. 2014;384(9945):755-65. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60892-8
14. Sun L, Zhu Y, Qian Q, et al. Body mass index and prognosis of breast cancer: An analysis by menstruation status when breast cancer diagnosis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(26):e11220. DOI:10.1097/md.0000000000011220
15. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, et al. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet. 2008;371(9612):569-78. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60269-X
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18. Chen HL, Ding A, Wang ML. Impact of central obesity on prognostic outcome of triple negative breast cancer in Chinese women. SpringerPlus. 2016;5:594. DOI:10.1186/s40064-016-2200-y
19. Libis RA, Isaeva EN. Opportunities for the use of visceral obesity index in metabolic syndrome diagnostics and prognosis of its complication risk. Rossiiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal. 2014;19(9):48-53 (in Russian). DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2014-9-48-53
20. Ebrahimi M, Seyedi SA, Nabipoorashrafi SA, et al. Lipid accumulation product (LAP) index for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis. 2023;22(1):41. DOI:10.1186/s12944-023-01802-6
21. McLaughlin T, Reaven G, Abbasi F, et al. Is there a simple way to identify insulin-resistant individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease? Am J Cardiol. 2005;96(3):399-404. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.03.085
22. Roitberg GE, Dorosh ZhV, Sharkhun OO, et al. New metabolic index use potentialities in evaluation of insulin resistance in clinical practice. RFK. 2014;10(3):264-74 (in Russian). DOI:10.20996/1819-6446-2014-10-3-264-274
23. Shuster A, Patlas M, Pinthus JH, Mourtzakis M. The clinical importance of visceral adiposity: a critical review of methods for visceral adipose tissue analysis. Br J Radiol. 2012;85(1009):1-10. DOI:10.1259/bjr/38447238
24. Eloi JC, Epifanio M, de Gonçalves MM, et al. Quantification of abdominal fat in obese and healthy adolescents using 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging and free software for image analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0167625. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0167625
25. Ashtary-Larky D, Daneghian S, Alipour M, et al. Waist circumference to height ratio: better correlation with fat mass than other anthropometric indices during dietary weight loss in different rates. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2018;16(4):e55023. DOI:10.5812/ijem.55023
26. Tutunchi H, Ebrahimi Mameghani M, Ostadrahimi A, Asghari-Jafarabadi M. What are the optimal cut-off points of anthropometric indices for prediction of overweight and obesity? Predictive validity of waist circumference, waist-to-hip and waist-to-height ratios. Health Promot Perspect. 2020;10(2):142-7. DOI:10.34172/hpp.2020.23
27. Kaviani A, Neishaboury M, Mohammadzadeh N, et al. Effects of obesity on presentation of breast cancer, lymph node metastasis and patient survival: A retrospective review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(4):2225-9. DOI:10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.4.2225
28. Arnold M, Jiang L, Stefanick ML, et al. Duration of Adulthood Overweight, Obesity, and Cancer Risk in the Women’s Health Initiative: A Longitudinal Study from the United States. PLoS Med. 2016;13(8):e1002081. DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002081
29. Hirose M, Schilf P, Gupta Y, et al. Lifespan effects of mitochondrial mutations. Nature. 2016;540(7633):E13-14. DOI:10.1038/nature20778
30. Kricker A, Di Sipio T, Stone J, et al. Bodyweight and other correlates of symptom-detected breast cancers in a population offered screening. Cancer Causes Control. 2012;23(1):89-102. DOI:10.1007/s10552-011-9858-9
31. Troshina EA, Rumyantsev PO, Altashina MV, Plokhaya AA. An Impact of Overweight and Obesity on the Risk Factors For Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women. Obesity and Metabolism.2012;9(3):3-10 (in Russian). DOI:10.14341/2071-8713-4965
2. Henley S, Ward E, Scott S, et al. Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, part I: National cancer statistics. Cancer. 2020;126(10):2225-49. DOI:10.1002/cncr.32802
3. World Health Organization. Global cancer observatory. Available at: https://gco.iarc.fr/ Accessed: September 20, 2024.
4. Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2021 г. (заболеваемость и смертность). Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, Г.В. Петровой. М.: Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России, 2022. Режим доступа: https://oncology-association.ru/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/zlokachestvennye-novoobrazovaniya-v-rossi.... Ссылка активна на 20.09.2024 [Zlokachestvennye novoobrazovaniia v Rossii v 2021 g. (zabolevaemost' i smertnost'). Pod red. AD Kaprina, VV Starinskogo, GV Petrovoi M.: Moskovskii nauchno-issledovatel'skii onkologicheskii institut im. P.A. Gertsena – filial FGBU «Natsional'nyi meditsinskii issledovatel'skii tsentr radiologii» Minzdrava Rossii, 2022. Available at: https://oncology-association.ru/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/zlokachestvennye-novoobrazovaniya-v-rossi.... Accessed: 20.09.2024 (in Russian)].
5. Салухов В.В., Кадин Д.В. Ожирение как фактор онкологического риска. Обзор литературы. Медицинский совет. 2019;(4):94-102 [Salukhov VV, Kadin DV. Obesity as a cancer risk factor. Literature review. Meditsinsky sovet. 2019;(4):94-102 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.21518/2079-701X-2019-4-94-102
6. Kolb R, Sutterwala FS, Zhang W. Obesity and cancer: inflammation bridges the two. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2016;29:77-89. DOI:10.1016/j.coph.2016.07.005
7. Iyengar NM, Gucalp A, Dannenberg AJ, Hudis CA. Obesity and Cancer Mechanisms: Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammtion. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(35):4270-6. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2016.67.4283
8. Glenny EM, Coleman MF, Giles ED, et al. Designing Relevant Preclinical Rodent Models for Studying Links Between Nutrition, Obesity, Metabolism, and Cancer. Annu Rev Nutr. 2021;41:253-82. DOI:10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-032437
9. Carter P, Vithayathil M, Kar S, et al. Predicting the effect of statins on cancer risk using genetic variants from a Mendelian randomization study in the UK Biobank. Elife. 2020;9:e57191. DOI:10.7554/eLife.57191
10. White AJ, Nichols HB, Bradshaw PT, Sandler DP. Overall and central adiposity and breast cancer risk in the Sister Study. Cancer. 2015;121(20):3700-8. DOI:10.1002/cncr.29552
11. Van den Brandt PA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, et al. Pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies on height, weight, and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;152(6):514-27. DOI:10.1093/aje/152.6.514
12. Sebastiani F, Cortesi L, Sant M, et al. Increased incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women with high body mass index at the Modena Screening Program. J Breast Cancer. 2016;19(3):283-91. DOI:10.4048/jbc.2016.19.3.283
13. Bhaskaran K, Douglas I, Forbes H, et al. Body mass index and risk of 22 specific cancers: a population-based cohort study of 5.24 million UK adults. Lancet. 2014;384(9945):755-65. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60892-8
14. Sun L, Zhu Y, Qian Q, et al. Body mass index and prognosis of breast cancer: An analysis by menstruation status when breast cancer diagnosis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(26):e11220. DOI:10.1097/md.0000000000011220
15. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, et al. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet. 2008;371(9612):569-78. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60269-X
16. World Cancer Research Fund. Worldwide Cancer Data. Available at: https://www.wcrf.org/cancer-trends/worldwide-cancer-data. Accessed: September 21, 2024.
17. Wanders JOP, Holland K, Veldhuis WB, et al. Volumetric breast density affects performance of digital screening mammography. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2017;162(1):95-103. DOI:10.1007/s10549-016-4090-7
18. Chen HL, Ding A, Wang ML. Impact of central obesity on prognostic outcome of triple negative breast cancer in Chinese women. SpringerPlus. 2016;5:594. DOI:10.1186/s40064-016-2200-y
19. Либис Р.А., Исаева Е.Н. Возможность применения индекса висцерального ожирения в диагностике метаболического синдрома и прогнозировании риска его осложнений. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2014;19(9):48-53 [Libis RA, Isaeva EN. Opportunities for the use of visceral obesity index in metabolic syndrome diagnostics and prognosis of its complication risk. Rossiiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal. 2014;19(9):48-53 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2014-9-48-53
20. Ebrahimi M, Seyedi SA, Nabipoorashrafi SA, et al. Lipid accumulation product (LAP) index for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis. 2023;22(1):41. DOI:10.1186/s12944-023-01802-6
21. McLaughlin T, Reaven G, Abbasi F, et al. Is there a simple way to identify insulin-resistant individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease? Am J Cardiol. 2005;96(3):399-404. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.03.085
22. Ройтберг Г.Е., Дорош Ж.В., Шархун О.О., и др. Возможности применения нового метаболического индекса при оценке инсулинорезистентности в клинической практике. РФК. 2014;10(3):264-74 [Roitberg GE, Dorosh ZhV, Sharkhun OO, et al. New metabolic index use potentialities in evaluation of insulin resistance in clinical practice. RFK. 2014;10(3):264-74 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.20996/1819-6446-2014-10-3-264-274
23. Shuster A, Patlas M, Pinthus JH, Mourtzakis M. The clinical importance of visceral adiposity: a critical review of methods for visceral adipose tissue analysis. Br J Radiol. 2012;85(1009):1-10. DOI:10.1259/bjr/38447238
24. Eloi JC, Epifanio M, de Gonçalves MM, et al. Quantification of abdominal fat in obese and healthy adolescents using 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging and free software for image analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0167625. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0167625
25. Ashtary-Larky D, Daneghian S, Alipour M, et al. Waist circumference to height ratio: better correlation with fat mass than other anthropometric indices during dietary weight loss in different rates. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2018;16(4):e55023. DOI:10.5812/ijem.55023
26. Tutunchi H, Ebrahimi Mameghani M, Ostadrahimi A, Asghari-Jafarabadi M. What are the optimal cut-off points of anthropometric indices for prediction of overweight and obesity? Predictive validity of waist circumference, waist-to-hip and waist-to-height ratios. Health Promot Perspect. 2020;10(2):142-7. DOI:10.34172/hpp.2020.23
27. Kaviani A, Neishaboury M, Mohammadzadeh N, et al. Effects of obesity on presentation of breast cancer, lymph node metastasis and patient survival: A retrospective review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(4):2225-9. DOI:10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.4.2225
28. Arnold M, Jiang L, Stefanick ML, et al. Duration of Adulthood Overweight, Obesity, and Cancer Risk in the Women’s Health Initiative: A Longitudinal Study from the United States. PLoS Med. 2016;13(8):e1002081. DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002081
29. Hirose M, Schilf P, Gupta Y, et al. Lifespan effects of mitochondrial mutations. Nature. 2016;540(7633):E13-14. DOI:10.1038/nature20778
30. Kricker A, Di Sipio T, Stone J, et al. Bodyweight and other correlates of symptom-detected breast cancers in a population offered screening. Cancer Causes Control. 2012;23(1):89-102. DOI:10.1007/s10552-011-9858-9
31. Трошина Е.А., Румянцев П.О., Алташина М.В., Плохая А.А. Влияние избыточной массы тела и ожирения на факторы риска развития молочной железы у женщин в постменопаузе. Oжирение и метаболизм. 2012;9(3):3-10 [Troshina EA, Rumyantsev PO, Altashina MV, Plokhaya AA. An Impact of Overweight and Obesity on the Risk Factors For Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women. Obesity and Metabolism.2012;9(3):3-10 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.14341/2071-8713-4965
________________________________________________
2. Henley S, Ward E, Scott S, et al. Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, part I: National cancer statistics. Cancer. 2020;126(10):2225-49. DOI:10.1002/cncr.32802
3. World Health Organization. Global cancer observatory. Available at: https://gco.iarc.fr/ Accessed: September 20, 2024.
4. Zlokachestvennye novoobrazovaniia v Rossii v 2021 g. (zabolevaemost' i smertnost'). Pod red. AD Kaprina, VV Starinskogo, GV Petrovoi M.: Moskovskii nauchno-issledovatel'skii onkologicheskii institut im. P.A. Gertsena – filial FGBU «Natsional'nyi meditsinskii issledovatel'skii tsentr radiologii» Minzdrava Rossii, 2022. Available at: https://oncology-association.ru/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/zlokachestvennye-novoobrazovaniya-v-rossi.... Accessed: 20.09.2024 (in Russian).
5. Salukhov VV, Kadin DV. Obesity as a cancer risk factor. Literature review. Meditsinsky sovet. 2019;(4):94-102 (in Russian). DOI:10.21518/2079-701X-2019-4-94-102
6. Kolb R, Sutterwala FS, Zhang W. Obesity and cancer: inflammation bridges the two. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2016;29:77-89. DOI:10.1016/j.coph.2016.07.005
7. Iyengar NM, Gucalp A, Dannenberg AJ, Hudis CA. Obesity and Cancer Mechanisms: Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammtion. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(35):4270-6. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2016.67.4283
8. Glenny EM, Coleman MF, Giles ED, et al. Designing Relevant Preclinical Rodent Models for Studying Links Between Nutrition, Obesity, Metabolism, and Cancer. Annu Rev Nutr. 2021;41:253-82. DOI:10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-032437
9. Carter P, Vithayathil M, Kar S, et al. Predicting the effect of statins on cancer risk using genetic variants from a Mendelian randomization study in the UK Biobank. Elife. 2020;9:e57191. DOI:10.7554/eLife.57191
10. White AJ, Nichols HB, Bradshaw PT, Sandler DP. Overall and central adiposity and breast cancer risk in the Sister Study. Cancer. 2015;121(20):3700-8. DOI:10.1002/cncr.29552
11. Van den Brandt PA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, et al. Pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies on height, weight, and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;152(6):514-27. DOI:10.1093/aje/152.6.514
12. Sebastiani F, Cortesi L, Sant M, et al. Increased incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women with high body mass index at the Modena Screening Program. J Breast Cancer. 2016;19(3):283-91. DOI:10.4048/jbc.2016.19.3.283
13. Bhaskaran K, Douglas I, Forbes H, et al. Body mass index and risk of 22 specific cancers: a population-based cohort study of 5.24 million UK adults. Lancet. 2014;384(9945):755-65. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60892-8
14. Sun L, Zhu Y, Qian Q, et al. Body mass index and prognosis of breast cancer: An analysis by menstruation status when breast cancer diagnosis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(26):e11220. DOI:10.1097/md.0000000000011220
15. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, et al. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet. 2008;371(9612):569-78. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60269-X
16. World Cancer Research Fund. Worldwide Cancer Data. Available at: https://www.wcrf.org/cancer-trends/worldwide-cancer-data. Accessed: September 21, 2024.
17. Wanders JOP, Holland K, Veldhuis WB, et al. Volumetric breast density affects performance of digital screening mammography. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2017;162(1):95-103. DOI:10.1007/s10549-016-4090-7
18. Chen HL, Ding A, Wang ML. Impact of central obesity on prognostic outcome of triple negative breast cancer in Chinese women. SpringerPlus. 2016;5:594. DOI:10.1186/s40064-016-2200-y
19. Libis RA, Isaeva EN. Opportunities for the use of visceral obesity index in metabolic syndrome diagnostics and prognosis of its complication risk. Rossiiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal. 2014;19(9):48-53 (in Russian). DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2014-9-48-53
20. Ebrahimi M, Seyedi SA, Nabipoorashrafi SA, et al. Lipid accumulation product (LAP) index for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis. 2023;22(1):41. DOI:10.1186/s12944-023-01802-6
21. McLaughlin T, Reaven G, Abbasi F, et al. Is there a simple way to identify insulin-resistant individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease? Am J Cardiol. 2005;96(3):399-404. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.03.085
22. Roitberg GE, Dorosh ZhV, Sharkhun OO, et al. New metabolic index use potentialities in evaluation of insulin resistance in clinical practice. RFK. 2014;10(3):264-74 (in Russian). DOI:10.20996/1819-6446-2014-10-3-264-274
23. Shuster A, Patlas M, Pinthus JH, Mourtzakis M. The clinical importance of visceral adiposity: a critical review of methods for visceral adipose tissue analysis. Br J Radiol. 2012;85(1009):1-10. DOI:10.1259/bjr/38447238
24. Eloi JC, Epifanio M, de Gonçalves MM, et al. Quantification of abdominal fat in obese and healthy adolescents using 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging and free software for image analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0167625. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0167625
25. Ashtary-Larky D, Daneghian S, Alipour M, et al. Waist circumference to height ratio: better correlation with fat mass than other anthropometric indices during dietary weight loss in different rates. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2018;16(4):e55023. DOI:10.5812/ijem.55023
26. Tutunchi H, Ebrahimi Mameghani M, Ostadrahimi A, Asghari-Jafarabadi M. What are the optimal cut-off points of anthropometric indices for prediction of overweight and obesity? Predictive validity of waist circumference, waist-to-hip and waist-to-height ratios. Health Promot Perspect. 2020;10(2):142-7. DOI:10.34172/hpp.2020.23
27. Kaviani A, Neishaboury M, Mohammadzadeh N, et al. Effects of obesity on presentation of breast cancer, lymph node metastasis and patient survival: A retrospective review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(4):2225-9. DOI:10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.4.2225
28. Arnold M, Jiang L, Stefanick ML, et al. Duration of Adulthood Overweight, Obesity, and Cancer Risk in the Women’s Health Initiative: A Longitudinal Study from the United States. PLoS Med. 2016;13(8):e1002081. DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002081
29. Hirose M, Schilf P, Gupta Y, et al. Lifespan effects of mitochondrial mutations. Nature. 2016;540(7633):E13-14. DOI:10.1038/nature20778
30. Kricker A, Di Sipio T, Stone J, et al. Bodyweight and other correlates of symptom-detected breast cancers in a population offered screening. Cancer Causes Control. 2012;23(1):89-102. DOI:10.1007/s10552-011-9858-9
31. Troshina EA, Rumyantsev PO, Altashina MV, Plokhaya AA. An Impact of Overweight and Obesity on the Risk Factors For Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women. Obesity and Metabolism.2012;9(3):3-10 (in Russian). DOI:10.14341/2071-8713-4965
Авторы
К.И. Баирова*1, А.М. Мкртумян2, С.А. Прилепа3, Е.В. Медведева3
1ГБУЗ «Городская поликлиника №195» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия;
2ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
3ФГБОУ ВО «Тульский государственный университет», Тула, Россия
*bairova@list.ru
1City Outpatient Clinic No. 195, Moscow, Russia;
2Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia;
3Tula State University, Tula, Russia
*bairova@list.ru
1ГБУЗ «Городская поликлиника №195» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия;
2ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
3ФГБОУ ВО «Тульский государственный университет», Тула, Россия
*bairova@list.ru
________________________________________________
1City Outpatient Clinic No. 195, Moscow, Russia;
2Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia;
3Tula State University, Tula, Russia
*bairova@list.ru
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