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Криоглобулинемия и хроническая HСV-инфекция: этапы изучения - Журнал Терапевтический архив №11 Инфекционные болезни 2025
Криоглобулинемия и хроническая HСV-инфекция: этапы изучения
Милованова С.Ю., Лысенко (Козловская) Л.В., Милованова Л.Ю., Абдурахманов Д.Т., Волков А.В., Моисеев С.В. Криоглобулинемия и хроническая HСV-инфекция: этапы изучения. Терапевтический архив. 2025;97(11):955–959. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2025.11.203464
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2025 г.
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2025 г.
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Аннотация
В статье представлены основные этапы изучения криоглобулинемии и связанного с ней клинического симптомокомплекса как проявления криоглобулинемического васкулита. Показаны достижения в изучении криоглобулинемического васкулита: этиологической роли вируса гепатита С, патогенеза, диагностики. Рассмотрены варианты течения, приведены современные критерии дифференциального диагноза, прогноза, выбора тактики и методов лечения.
Ключевые слова: криоглобулинемический васкулит, инфекция, вызванная вирусом гепатита С, препараты прямого противовирусного действия
Keywords: сryoglobulinemic vasculitis, hepatitis C virus infection, direct-acting antiviral
Ключевые слова: криоглобулинемический васкулит, инфекция, вызванная вирусом гепатита С, препараты прямого противовирусного действия
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Keywords: сryoglobulinemic vasculitis, hepatitis C virus infection, direct-acting antiviral
Полный текст
Список литературы
1. Heidelberger M, Kendal FE. Quantitative study o f the precipitin reaction between Type III pneumococcus polysaccharide and purified homologous antibody. J Exp Med. 1929;50:809-23. DOI:10.1084/jem.50.6.809
2. Wintrobe MM, Buell MV. Hyperproteinemia associated with multiple myeloma, with report of a case in which an extraordinary hyperproteinemia was associated with thrombosis ofthe retinal veins and symptoms suggesting Raynaud's disease. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1933;52:156-65.
3. Stein L, Wertheimer E. A new fraction of cold susceptible protein in blood of dogs infected with kala-azar. Ann Trop Med. 1942;36:17. DOI:10.1080/00034983.1942.11685134
4. Lerner AB, Barnum CP, Watson CJ. Studies of cryoglobulins; spontaneous precipitation of protein from serum at 5 °C in various disease states. Am J Med Sci. 1947;214:416-21. DOI:10.1097/00000441-194710000-00010
5. Lospalluto J, Dorward B, Miller W, Ziff M. Cryoglobulinemia based on interaction between a gamma macroglobulin and 7S gamma globulin. Am J Med. 1962;32:142-7. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(62)90191-2
6. Meltzer M, Franklin EC, Elisa K, et al. Cryoglobulinemia – a clinical and laboratory study. II. Cryoglobulins with rheumatoid factor activity. Am J Med. 1966;40:837-56. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(66)90200-2
7. Brouet JC, Clouvel JP, Danon F, et al. Biologic and clinical significance of cryoglobulins. Am J Med. 1974;57:775-88. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(74)90852-3
8. Levo Y, D Gorevic PD, Kassab H, et al. Mixed cryoglobulinemia-an immune complex disease often associated with hepatitis B virus infection. Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1977;90:167-73.
9. Pascual M, Perrin L, Giostra E, Schifferli JA. Hepatitis C virus in patients with cryoglobulinemia type II. J Infect Dis. 1990;162(2):569-70. DOI:10.1093/infdis/162.2.569
10. Мухин Н.А., Козловская Л.В., Малышко Е.Ю. Криоглобулинемический нефрит, ассоциированный с хронической инфекцией вируса гепатита С. Терапевтический архив. 2000;72(6):1-5 [Mukhin NA, Kozlovskaya LV, Malichko EYu. Cryoglobulinemic nephritis, associated with chronic viral hepatitis C. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2000;72(6):1-5 (in Russian)].
11. Милованова С.Ю., Игнатова Т.М., Козловская Л.В. Особенности течения хронического гепатита С с криоглобулинемией. Клиническая гепатология. 2006;2(1):15-8 [Milovanova SY, Ignatova TM, Kozlovskaya LV. Chronic hepatits C with cryoglobulinemia. Clinical hepatology. 2006;2(1):15-8 (in Russian)].
12. Гордовская Н.Б., Козловская Л.В., Милованова С.Ю., и др. Криоглобулинемический васкулит с поражением почек, ассоциированный с вирусом гепатита С: современные возможности лечения. Терапевтический архив. 2013;85(6):78-84 [Gordovskaia NB, Kozlovskaia LV, Milovanova SI, et al. Hepatitis C virus-related cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with renal involvement: current possibilities of treatment. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2013;85(6):78-84 (in Russian)].
13. Васильев В.И., Пальшина С.Г., Логвиненко О.А., и др. Криоглобулинемический васкулит, ассоциированный с вирусом гепатита С. Терапевтический архив. 2012;84(5):35-42 [Vasiliev VI, Palshina SG, Logvinenko OA, et al. HCV-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2012;84(5):35-42 (in Russian)].
14. Tissot JD, Schifferli JA, Hochstrasser DF, et al. Two-dimension alpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of cryoglobulins and identification of an IgM-associated peptide. J Immunol Methods. 1994;173:63-75. DOI:10.1016/0022-1759(94)90284-4
15. Pontet F, Halimi C, Brocarde A, Delacour T. Biclonal immunoglobulin M dysglobulinaemia: evolving aspects in a case of primary Sjogren syndrome. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1997;35:287-90. DOI:10.1515/cclm.1997.35.4.287
16. Levo Y. Nature of cryoglobulinemia. Lancet. 1980;1(8163):285-7. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(80)90781-3
17. Ferri C, Zignego AL, Pileri SA. Cryoglobulins (review). J Clin Pathol. 2002;55:4-13. DOI:10.1136/jcp.55.1.4
18. Quartuccio L, Isola M, Corazza L, et al. Performance of the preliminary classification criteria for cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis and clinical manifestations in hepatitis C virus-unrelated cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis. Clin Exper Rheumatol. 2012;30(70):48-52.
19. Monteverde A, Rivano MT, Allegra GC, et al. Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia, type II: a manifestation of a low grade malignant lymphoma? Clinical morphological study of 12 cases with special reference to immunohistoclinical findings in liver frozen section. Acta Haematol. 1988;79:20-5. DOI:10.1159/000205684
20. Pozzato G, Mazzaro C, Crovatto M, et al. Low-grade malignant lymphoma, hepatitis C virus infection, and mixed cryoglobulinemia. Blood. 1994;84:3047-53. DOI:10.1182/blood.V84.9.3047.3047
21. Лепков В., Сторожаков Г.И., Косюра С.Д., и др. Хронический вирусный гепатит С и лимфопролиферативные заболевания. Современная Oнкология. 2006;(2):57-60 [Lepkov V, Storozhakov GI, Kosyura SD, et al. Chronic viral hepatitis C and lymphoproliferative diseases. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2006;(2):57-60 (in Russian)].
22. De Sanjose S, Benavente Y, Vajdic CM, et al. Hepatitis C and non-Hodgkin lymphoma among 4784 cases and 6269 controls from the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;6:451-8. DOI:0.1016/j.cgh.2008.02.011
23. Ramos-Casals M, Zignego AL, Ferri C. Evidence-based recommendations on the management of extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2017;66(6):1282-99. DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.02.010
24. Zignego AL, Ramos-Casals M, Ferri C, Saadoun D. et al. International therapeutic guidelines for patients with HCV-related extrahepatic disorders. A multidisciplinary expert statement. Autoimmun Rev. 2017;16(5):523-41. DOI:10.1016/j.autrev 2017.03.004
25. De Vita S, Quartuccio L, Isola M, Mazzaro C. A randomized controlled trial of rituximab for the treatment of severe cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:843-96. DOI:10.1002/art.34331
26. Zubkin ML, Abdurakhmanov DT, Sagalova OI, et al. Persistent mixed cryoglobulinemia after successful antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection: What's the next? Scand J Gastroenterol. 2018;53(7):883-4. DOI:10.1080/00365521.2018. 1477988
2. Wintrobe MM, Buell MV. Hyperproteinemia associated with multiple myeloma, with report of a case in which an extraordinary hyperproteinemia was associated with thrombosis ofthe retinal veins and symptoms suggesting Raynaud's disease. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1933;52:156-65.
3. Stein L, Wertheimer E. A new fraction of cold susceptible protein in blood of dogs infected with kala-azar. Ann Trop Med. 1942;36:17. DOI:10.1080/00034983.1942.11685134
4. Lerner AB, Barnum CP, Watson CJ. Studies of cryoglobulins; spontaneous precipitation of protein from serum at 5 °C in various disease states. Am J Med Sci. 1947;214:416-21. DOI:10.1097/00000441-194710000-00010
5. Lospalluto J, Dorward B, Miller W, Ziff M. Cryoglobulinemia based on interaction between a gamma macroglobulin and 7S gamma globulin. Am J Med. 1962;32:142-7. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(62)90191-2
6. Meltzer M, Franklin EC, Elisa K, et al. Cryoglobulinemia – a clinical and laboratory study. II. Cryoglobulins with rheumatoid factor activity. Am J Med. 1966;40:837-56. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(66)90200-2
7. Brouet JC, Clouvel JP, Danon F, et al. Biologic and clinical significance of cryoglobulins. Am J Med. 1974;57:775-88. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(74)90852-3
8. Levo Y, D Gorevic PD, Kassab H, et al. Mixed cryoglobulinemia-an immune complex disease often associated with hepatitis B virus infection. Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1977;90:167-73.
9. Pascual M, Perrin L, Giostra E, Schifferli JA. Hepatitis C virus in patients with cryoglobulinemia type II. J Infect Dis. 1990;162(2):569-70. DOI:10.1093/infdis/162.2.569
10. Mukhin NA, Kozlovskaya LV, Malichko EYu. Cryoglobulinemic nephritis, associated with chronic viral hepatitis C. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2000;72(6):1-5 (in Russian).
11. Milovanova SY, Ignatova TM, Kozlovskaya LV. Chronic hepatits C with cryoglobulinemia. Clinical hepatology. 2006;2(1):15-8 (in Russian).
12. Gordovskaia NB, Kozlovskaia LV, Milovanova SI, et al. Hepatitis C virus-related cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with renal involvement: current possibilities of treatment. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2013;85(6):78-84 (in Russian).
13. Vasiliev VI, Palshina SG, Logvinenko OA, et al. HCV-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2012;84(5):35-42 (in Russian).
14. Tissot JD, Schifferli JA, Hochstrasser DF, et al. Two-dimension alpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of cryoglobulins and identification of an IgM-associated peptide. J Immunol Methods. 1994;173:63-75. DOI:10.1016/0022-1759(94)90284-4
15. Pontet F, Halimi C, Brocarde A, Delacour T. Biclonal immunoglobulin M dysglobulinaemia: evolving aspects in a case of primary Sjogren syndrome. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1997;35:287-90. DOI:10.1515/cclm.1997.35.4.287
16. Levo Y. Nature of cryoglobulinemia. Lancet. 1980;1(8163):285-7. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(80)90781-3
17. Ferri C, Zignego AL, Pileri SA. Cryoglobulins (review). J Clin Pathol. 2002;55:4-13. DOI:10.1136/jcp.55.1.4
18. Quartuccio L, Isola M, Corazza L, et al. Performance of the preliminary classification criteria for cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis and clinical manifestations in hepatitis C virus-unrelated cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis. Clin Exper Rheumatol. 2012;30(70):48-52.
19. Monteverde A, Rivano MT, Allegra GC, et al. Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia, type II: a manifestation of a low grade malignant lymphoma? Clinical morphological study of 12 cases with special reference to immunohistoclinical findings in liver frozen section. Acta Haematol. 1988;79:20-5. DOI:10.1159/000205684
20. Pozzato G, Mazzaro C, Crovatto M, et al. Low-grade malignant lymphoma, hepatitis C virus infection, and mixed cryoglobulinemia. Blood. 1994;84:3047-53. DOI:10.1182/blood.V84.9.3047.3047
21. Lepkov V, Storozhakov GI, Kosyura SD, et al. Chronic viral hepatitis C and lymphoproliferative diseases. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2006;(2):57-60 (in Russian).
22. De Sanjose S, Benavente Y, Vajdic CM, et al. Hepatitis C and non-Hodgkin lymphoma among 4784 cases and 6269 controls from the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;6:451-8. DOI:0.1016/j.cgh.2008.02.011
23. Ramos-Casals M, Zignego AL, Ferri C. Evidence-based recommendations on the management of extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2017;66(6):1282-99. DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.02.010
24. Zignego AL, Ramos-Casals M, Ferri C, Saadoun D. et al. International therapeutic guidelines for patients with HCV-related extrahepatic disorders. A multidisciplinary expert statement. Autoimmun Rev. 2017;16(5):523-41. DOI:10.1016/j.autrev 2017.03.004
25. De Vita S, Quartuccio L, Isola M, Mazzaro C. A randomized controlled trial of rituximab for the treatment of severe cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:843-96. DOI:10.1002/art.34331
26. Zubkin ML, Abdurakhmanov DT, Sagalova OI, et al. Persistent mixed cryoglobulinemia after successful antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection: What's the next? Scand J Gastroenterol. 2018;53(7):883-4. DOI:10.1080/00365521.2018. 1477988
2. Wintrobe MM, Buell MV. Hyperproteinemia associated with multiple myeloma, with report of a case in which an extraordinary hyperproteinemia was associated with thrombosis ofthe retinal veins and symptoms suggesting Raynaud's disease. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1933;52:156-65.
3. Stein L, Wertheimer E. A new fraction of cold susceptible protein in blood of dogs infected with kala-azar. Ann Trop Med. 1942;36:17. DOI:10.1080/00034983.1942.11685134
4. Lerner AB, Barnum CP, Watson CJ. Studies of cryoglobulins; spontaneous precipitation of protein from serum at 5 °C in various disease states. Am J Med Sci. 1947;214:416-21. DOI:10.1097/00000441-194710000-00010
5. Lospalluto J, Dorward B, Miller W, Ziff M. Cryoglobulinemia based on interaction between a gamma macroglobulin and 7S gamma globulin. Am J Med. 1962;32:142-7. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(62)90191-2
6. Meltzer M, Franklin EC, Elisa K, et al. Cryoglobulinemia – a clinical and laboratory study. II. Cryoglobulins with rheumatoid factor activity. Am J Med. 1966;40:837-56. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(66)90200-2
7. Brouet JC, Clouvel JP, Danon F, et al. Biologic and clinical significance of cryoglobulins. Am J Med. 1974;57:775-88. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(74)90852-3
8. Levo Y, D Gorevic PD, Kassab H, et al. Mixed cryoglobulinemia-an immune complex disease often associated with hepatitis B virus infection. Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1977;90:167-73.
9. Pascual M, Perrin L, Giostra E, Schifferli JA. Hepatitis C virus in patients with cryoglobulinemia type II. J Infect Dis. 1990;162(2):569-70. DOI:10.1093/infdis/162.2.569
10. Мухин Н.А., Козловская Л.В., Малышко Е.Ю. Криоглобулинемический нефрит, ассоциированный с хронической инфекцией вируса гепатита С. Терапевтический архив. 2000;72(6):1-5 [Mukhin NA, Kozlovskaya LV, Malichko EYu. Cryoglobulinemic nephritis, associated with chronic viral hepatitis C. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2000;72(6):1-5 (in Russian)].
11. Милованова С.Ю., Игнатова Т.М., Козловская Л.В. Особенности течения хронического гепатита С с криоглобулинемией. Клиническая гепатология. 2006;2(1):15-8 [Milovanova SY, Ignatova TM, Kozlovskaya LV. Chronic hepatits C with cryoglobulinemia. Clinical hepatology. 2006;2(1):15-8 (in Russian)].
12. Гордовская Н.Б., Козловская Л.В., Милованова С.Ю., и др. Криоглобулинемический васкулит с поражением почек, ассоциированный с вирусом гепатита С: современные возможности лечения. Терапевтический архив. 2013;85(6):78-84 [Gordovskaia NB, Kozlovskaia LV, Milovanova SI, et al. Hepatitis C virus-related cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with renal involvement: current possibilities of treatment. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2013;85(6):78-84 (in Russian)].
13. Васильев В.И., Пальшина С.Г., Логвиненко О.А., и др. Криоглобулинемический васкулит, ассоциированный с вирусом гепатита С. Терапевтический архив. 2012;84(5):35-42 [Vasiliev VI, Palshina SG, Logvinenko OA, et al. HCV-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2012;84(5):35-42 (in Russian)].
14. Tissot JD, Schifferli JA, Hochstrasser DF, et al. Two-dimension alpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of cryoglobulins and identification of an IgM-associated peptide. J Immunol Methods. 1994;173:63-75. DOI:10.1016/0022-1759(94)90284-4
15. Pontet F, Halimi C, Brocarde A, Delacour T. Biclonal immunoglobulin M dysglobulinaemia: evolving aspects in a case of primary Sjogren syndrome. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1997;35:287-90. DOI:10.1515/cclm.1997.35.4.287
16. Levo Y. Nature of cryoglobulinemia. Lancet. 1980;1(8163):285-7. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(80)90781-3
17. Ferri C, Zignego AL, Pileri SA. Cryoglobulins (review). J Clin Pathol. 2002;55:4-13. DOI:10.1136/jcp.55.1.4
18. Quartuccio L, Isola M, Corazza L, et al. Performance of the preliminary classification criteria for cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis and clinical manifestations in hepatitis C virus-unrelated cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis. Clin Exper Rheumatol. 2012;30(70):48-52.
19. Monteverde A, Rivano MT, Allegra GC, et al. Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia, type II: a manifestation of a low grade malignant lymphoma? Clinical morphological study of 12 cases with special reference to immunohistoclinical findings in liver frozen section. Acta Haematol. 1988;79:20-5. DOI:10.1159/000205684
20. Pozzato G, Mazzaro C, Crovatto M, et al. Low-grade malignant lymphoma, hepatitis C virus infection, and mixed cryoglobulinemia. Blood. 1994;84:3047-53. DOI:10.1182/blood.V84.9.3047.3047
21. Лепков В., Сторожаков Г.И., Косюра С.Д., и др. Хронический вирусный гепатит С и лимфопролиферативные заболевания. Современная Oнкология. 2006;(2):57-60 [Lepkov V, Storozhakov GI, Kosyura SD, et al. Chronic viral hepatitis C and lymphoproliferative diseases. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2006;(2):57-60 (in Russian)].
22. De Sanjose S, Benavente Y, Vajdic CM, et al. Hepatitis C and non-Hodgkin lymphoma among 4784 cases and 6269 controls from the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;6:451-8. DOI:0.1016/j.cgh.2008.02.011
23. Ramos-Casals M, Zignego AL, Ferri C. Evidence-based recommendations on the management of extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2017;66(6):1282-99. DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.02.010
24. Zignego AL, Ramos-Casals M, Ferri C, Saadoun D. et al. International therapeutic guidelines for patients with HCV-related extrahepatic disorders. A multidisciplinary expert statement. Autoimmun Rev. 2017;16(5):523-41. DOI:10.1016/j.autrev 2017.03.004
25. De Vita S, Quartuccio L, Isola M, Mazzaro C. A randomized controlled trial of rituximab for the treatment of severe cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:843-96. DOI:10.1002/art.34331
26. Zubkin ML, Abdurakhmanov DT, Sagalova OI, et al. Persistent mixed cryoglobulinemia after successful antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection: What's the next? Scand J Gastroenterol. 2018;53(7):883-4. DOI:10.1080/00365521.2018. 1477988
________________________________________________
2. Wintrobe MM, Buell MV. Hyperproteinemia associated with multiple myeloma, with report of a case in which an extraordinary hyperproteinemia was associated with thrombosis ofthe retinal veins and symptoms suggesting Raynaud's disease. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1933;52:156-65.
3. Stein L, Wertheimer E. A new fraction of cold susceptible protein in blood of dogs infected with kala-azar. Ann Trop Med. 1942;36:17. DOI:10.1080/00034983.1942.11685134
4. Lerner AB, Barnum CP, Watson CJ. Studies of cryoglobulins; spontaneous precipitation of protein from serum at 5 °C in various disease states. Am J Med Sci. 1947;214:416-21. DOI:10.1097/00000441-194710000-00010
5. Lospalluto J, Dorward B, Miller W, Ziff M. Cryoglobulinemia based on interaction between a gamma macroglobulin and 7S gamma globulin. Am J Med. 1962;32:142-7. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(62)90191-2
6. Meltzer M, Franklin EC, Elisa K, et al. Cryoglobulinemia – a clinical and laboratory study. II. Cryoglobulins with rheumatoid factor activity. Am J Med. 1966;40:837-56. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(66)90200-2
7. Brouet JC, Clouvel JP, Danon F, et al. Biologic and clinical significance of cryoglobulins. Am J Med. 1974;57:775-88. DOI:10.1016/0002-9343(74)90852-3
8. Levo Y, D Gorevic PD, Kassab H, et al. Mixed cryoglobulinemia-an immune complex disease often associated with hepatitis B virus infection. Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1977;90:167-73.
9. Pascual M, Perrin L, Giostra E, Schifferli JA. Hepatitis C virus in patients with cryoglobulinemia type II. J Infect Dis. 1990;162(2):569-70. DOI:10.1093/infdis/162.2.569
10. Mukhin NA, Kozlovskaya LV, Malichko EYu. Cryoglobulinemic nephritis, associated with chronic viral hepatitis C. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2000;72(6):1-5 (in Russian).
11. Milovanova SY, Ignatova TM, Kozlovskaya LV. Chronic hepatits C with cryoglobulinemia. Clinical hepatology. 2006;2(1):15-8 (in Russian).
12. Gordovskaia NB, Kozlovskaia LV, Milovanova SI, et al. Hepatitis C virus-related cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with renal involvement: current possibilities of treatment. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2013;85(6):78-84 (in Russian).
13. Vasiliev VI, Palshina SG, Logvinenko OA, et al. HCV-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2012;84(5):35-42 (in Russian).
14. Tissot JD, Schifferli JA, Hochstrasser DF, et al. Two-dimension alpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of cryoglobulins and identification of an IgM-associated peptide. J Immunol Methods. 1994;173:63-75. DOI:10.1016/0022-1759(94)90284-4
15. Pontet F, Halimi C, Brocarde A, Delacour T. Biclonal immunoglobulin M dysglobulinaemia: evolving aspects in a case of primary Sjogren syndrome. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1997;35:287-90. DOI:10.1515/cclm.1997.35.4.287
16. Levo Y. Nature of cryoglobulinemia. Lancet. 1980;1(8163):285-7. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(80)90781-3
17. Ferri C, Zignego AL, Pileri SA. Cryoglobulins (review). J Clin Pathol. 2002;55:4-13. DOI:10.1136/jcp.55.1.4
18. Quartuccio L, Isola M, Corazza L, et al. Performance of the preliminary classification criteria for cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis and clinical manifestations in hepatitis C virus-unrelated cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis. Clin Exper Rheumatol. 2012;30(70):48-52.
19. Monteverde A, Rivano MT, Allegra GC, et al. Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia, type II: a manifestation of a low grade malignant lymphoma? Clinical morphological study of 12 cases with special reference to immunohistoclinical findings in liver frozen section. Acta Haematol. 1988;79:20-5. DOI:10.1159/000205684
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Авторы
С.Ю. Милованова*, Л.В. Лысенко (Козловская), Л.Ю. Милованова, Д.Т. Абдурахманов, А.В. Волков, С.В. Моисеев
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия
*s.y.milovanova@gmail.com
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
*s.y.milovanova@gmail.com
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия
*s.y.milovanova@gmail.com
________________________________________________
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
*s.y.milovanova@gmail.com
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