В последнее время при кардиологических заболеваниях активно изучают дистрессорный тип личности Д, однако до настоящего времени работы по типу личности Д при некардиологической патологии носят единичный характер. Целью настоящего исследования было изучить клиническое значение и особенности психологического статуса в зависимости от наличия типа личности Д у больных сахарным диабетом в сочетании с атеросклерозом различной локализации. Обследованы 143 пациента с сахарным диабетом типа 2 и различными клиническими проявлениями атеросклероза (94 мужчины и 49 женщин), медиана возраста 59,0±11,0 (от 36 до 79 лет), проходивших обследование в клинике сердечно-сосудистой хирургии. Для определения типа личности Д использовали опросник DS-14, по результатам теста пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: 1-я группа – пациенты с типом личности Д (n=27) и 2-я группа – без типа Д (n=116). Дополнительно определяли уровень депрессии и личностной тревожности и уровень качества жизни с помощью опросника SF-36. У пациентов оценивали также клинические, лабораторные показатели, показатели эхокардиографии, наличие поражения некардиальных сосудистых бассейнов и распространенность коронарного атеросклероза. Среди пациентов с атеросклерозом различной локализации перед проведением реконструктивных вмешательств сахарный диабет выявлен дистрессорный тип личности в 18,9% случаев. Наличие типа личности Д у таких пациентов было связано с проявления тревожности и депрессии, снижением качества жизни по всем изученным подшкалам. При клиническом обследовании тип личности Д был ассоциирован с увеличением объема левого желудочка, более частым поражением брахиоцефальных артерий и артерий нижних конечностей, а также с наличием мультифокального атеросклероза.
Ключевые слова: тип личности Д, сахарный диабет, атеросклероз различной локализации.
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Distressed type D personality in cardiac diseases is being actively studied lately; nevertheless, reports on type D personality in non-cardiac pathology are rare. The purpose of this study was to learn the clinical value and the psychological status aspects depending on the presence of type D personality in patients with diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis of various localization. 143 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and various clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis (94 men and 49 women), median age 59,0±11,0 (36 to 79 years) have been examined in the Clinic of Cardiovascular Surgery. To determine the type D personality the DS-14 questionnaire was used. Based on test results patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 – patients with type D personality (n=27) and group 2 – patients with no type D (n=116). Additionally the level of depression (LD) and trait anxiety as well as quality of life, measured by using the SF-36 questionnaire, were determined. Clinical and laboratory data, echocardiography parameters, the presence of non-cardiac vascular basin lesions and the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in patients were also evaluated. Prior the reconstructive interventions the distressed type D personality among the patients with atherosclerosis of various localization is identified in 18,9% of cases. The presence of type D personality in these patients was associated with an anxiety and depression manifestations as well as a decrease in quality of life. On clinical examination type D personality was associated with increased left ventricular, more frequent lesion of the brachiocephalic arteries and arteries of lower extremities as well as the presence of multifocal atherosclerosis.
Key words: personality type D, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis of various localization.
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