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Современные подходы к лечению и длительному контролю артериальной гипертонии в клинической практике. Фармакологические и клинические особенности блокаторов рецепторов ангиотензина II: фокус на азилсартана медоксомил. Часть 1 - Научно-практический журнал Cardioсоматика Том 6, №2 (2015)
Современные подходы к лечению и длительному контролю артериальной гипертонии в клинической практике. Фармакологические и клинические особенности блокаторов рецепторов ангиотензина II: фокус на азилсартана медоксомил. Часть 1
Бубнова М.Г. Современные подходы к лечению и длительному контролю артериальной гипертонии в клинической практике. Фармакологические и клинические особенности блокаторов рецепторов ангиотензина II: фокус на азилсартана медоксомил. Часть 1. КардиоСоматика. 2015; 2: 68–80.
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Аннотация
В статье представлен обзор фармакологических особенностей одного из классов антигипертензивных препаратов – блокаторов рецепторов ангиотензина II (БРА) – и одного из новых представителей этого класса – азилсартана медоксомила (Эдарби®). Проанализирована ангигипертензивная эффективность различных БРА, а также азилсартана медоксомила при монотерапии в сравнении с другими БРА и ингибиторами ангиотензинпревращающего фермента в разных группах пациентов. В статье изложены плейотропные эффекты азилсартана медоксомила, открытые к настоящему моменту.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертония, блокаторы рецепторов ангиотензина II, азилсартана медоксомил.
Key words: arterial hypertension, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, azilsartan medoxomil.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертония, блокаторы рецепторов ангиотензина II, азилсартана медоксомил.
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Key words: arterial hypertension, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, azilsartan medoxomil.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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2. Falaschetti E, Chaudhury M, Mindell J et al. Continued Improvement in Hypertension Management in England: Results From the Health Survey for England 2006. Hypertension 2009; 53: 480–6.
3. Levy D, Larson MG, Vasan RS et al. The progression from hypertension to congestive heart failure. JAMA 1996; 275: 1557–62.
4. Vorob'eva O.D., Denisenko M.B., Elizarov V.V. i dr. Demograficheskii ezhegodnik Rossii. Stat. sb. Rosstat. M., 2013. http://www.gks.ru [in Russian]
5. Boitsov S.A., Balanova Iu.A., Shal'nova S.A. i dr. ot imeni uchastnikov issledovaniia ESSE-RF. Arterial'naia gipertoniia sredi lits 25–64 let: rasprostranennost', osvedomlennost', lechenie i kontrol'. Po materialam issledovaniia ESSE. Kardiovask. terapiia i profilaktika. 2014; 14 (4): 4–14. [in Russian]
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7. Grujic V, Dragnic N, Kvrgic S. Epidemiology of Hypertension in Serbia: Results of a National Survey. J Epidemiol 2012; 22 (3): 261–6.
8. Dorobantu M, Darabont RO, Badila E et al. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Romania: Results of the SEPHAR Study. Int. J Hypertens 2010; Article ID 970694, 6 pages, doi: 10,4061/2010/970694
9. Meng XJ, Dong GH, Wang D et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors associated with hypertension in urban adults from 33 communities of China: the CHPSNE study. J Hypertens 2011; 29 (Issue 7): 1303–10.
10. Joffres M, Falaschetti E, Gillespie C. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in national surveys from England, the USA and Canada, and correlation with stroke and ischaemic heart disease mortality: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2013; 3: e003423. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013–003423
11. Gu Q, Burt VL, Dillon CF, Yoon S. Trends in Antihypertensive Medication Use and Blood Pressure Control Among United States adults With Hypertension: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 to 2010. Circulation 2012; 126: 2105–14.
12. Campbell N, Young ER, Drouin D et al. A Framework for Discussion on How to Improve Prevention, Management, and Control of Hypertension in Canada. Canadian J Cardiology 2014; 28 (Issue 3): 262–9.
13. Mancia G, Ambrosioni E, Rosei EA et al. Blood pressure control and risk of stroke in untreated and treated hypertensive patients screened from clinical practice: results of the ForLife study. J Hypertens 2005; 23: 1575–81.
14. Ezzati M, Oza S, Danaei G, Murray CJ. Trends and cardiovascular mortality effects of state-level blood pressure and uncontrolled hypertension in the United States. Circulation 2008; 117: 905–14.
15. Chow СK, Teo KK, Rangarajan S et al. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Rural and Urban Communities in High-, Middle-, and Low- Income Countries. JAMA 2013; 310 (9): 959–68.
16. Tocci G, Rosei EA, Ambrosioni E et al. Blood pressure control in Italy: analysis of clinical data from 2005–2011 surveys on hypertension. J Hypertens 2012; 30 (6): 1065–74.
17. Schafer HH, Sudano I, Theus GR et al. Target blood pressure attainment with antihypertensive therapy in Swiss primary care. Blood Pressure 2012; 21 (4): 211–9.
18. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003; 42: 1206–52.
19. James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL et al. 2014. Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adulds. Report from the Panel Members Appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8). JAMA. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.284427. Published online Dec 18, 2013.
20. Leonova M.V., Belousov D.Iu., Shteinberg L.L. i dr. Pervye rezul'taty farmakoepidemiologicheskogo issledovaniia arterial'noi gipertonii PIFAGOR III. Kachestvennaia klin. praktika. 2010; 1: 54–60. [in Russian]
21. Weber MA, Schiffrin EL, White WB et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in the community a statement by the American Society of Hypertension and the International Society of Hypertension. J Hypertens 2014; 32: 3–15.
22. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K et al. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 2159–219.
23. Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noi gipertonii. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii. 2013. [in Russian]
24. Carey RM, Wang ZQ, Sigary HM. Role of the angiotensin type 2 receptor in the regulation of blood pressure and renal function. Hypertension 2000; 35: 155–63.
25. Israilli ZH. Clinical pharmacokinetics of angiotensin II (AT1) receptor blockers in hypertension. J Hum Hypertension 2000; 14 (Suppl. 1): S73–S86.
26. Leonova M.V. Klinicheskaia farmakologiia antagonistov retseptorov angiotenzina II. Farmateka. 2003; 12: 42–7. [in Russian]
27. Mire DE, Silfani TN, Pugsley MK. A Review of the structural and functional features of olmesartan medoxomil, an angiotensin receptor blocker. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2005; 46: 585–93.
28. Cernes R, Mashavi M, Zimlichman R. Differential clinical profile of candesartan compared to other angiotensin receptor blockers. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2011; 7: 749–59.
29. Makani H, Bangalore S, Supariwala A et al. Antihypertensive efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers as monotherapy as evaluated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2014; 35: 1732–42.
30. Xi GL, Cheng JW, Lu GC. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing telmisartan with losartan in the treatment of patients with hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21: 546–52.
31. Smith DH, Cramer MJ, Neutel JM et al. Comparison of telmisartan versus losartan: meta-analysis of titration-to-response studies. Blood Press Monit 2003; 8: 111–7.
32. Mazzolai L, Maillard M, Rossat J et al. Angiotensin II receptor blockade in normotensive subjects: a direct comparison of three AT1 receptor antagonists. Hypertension 1999; 33: 850–5.
33. Turnbull F, Neal B, Ninomiya T et al. Effects of different regimens to lower blood pressure on major cardiovascular events in older and younger adults: meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ 2008; 336: 1121–3.
34. Ojima M, Igata H, Tanaka M et al. In vitro antagonistic properties of a new angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker, azilsartan, in receptor binding and function studies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 336: 801–8.
35. Miura S, Fujino M, Hanzawa H et al. Molecular mechanism underlying inverse agonist of angiotensin II type 1 receptor. J Biol Chem 2006; 281: 19288–95.
36. Zaiken K, Cheng JW. Azilsartan medoxomil: a new Angiotensin receptor blocker. Clin Ther 2011; 33 (11): 1577–89.
37. Bakris GL, Sica D, Weber M et al. The comparative effects of azilsartan medoxomil and olmesartan on ambulatory and clinic blood pressure. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2011; 13 (2): 81–8.
38. Sica D, White W, Weber M et al. Comparison of the Novel Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Azilsartan Medoxomil vs Valsartan by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2011; 13: 467–72.
39. White WB, Weber MA, Sica D et al. Effects of the angiotensin receptor blocker azilsartan medoxomil versus olmesartan and valsartan on ambulatory and clinic blood pressure in patients with stages 1 and 2 hypertension. Hypertension 2011; 57: 413–20.
40. Rakugi H, Enya K, Sugiura K, Ikeda Y. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of azilsartan with that of candesartan cilexetil in Japanese patients with grade I–II essential hypertension: a randomized, double-blind clinical study. Hypertens Res 2012; 35: 552–8.
41. Bonner G, Bakris G, Sica D et al. Antihypertensive efficacy of the angiotensin receptor blocker azilsartan medoxomil compared with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril. J Hum Hypertens 2013; 27: 479–86.
42. Gitt АК, Baumgart Р, Mahfoud F et al., for the EARLY Registry Group EARLY Treatment with azilsartan compared to ACE-inhibitors in antihypertensive therapy – rationale and design of the EARLY hypertension registry. BMC Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 13 (46): 2–8.
43. Potthoff S, Gitt A, Braumgart P et al. Blood pressure reduction by monotherapy with azilsartan as compared to ace inhibitors in clinical practice in GERMANY. Results of the EARLY REGISTRY. J Hypertens 2014; 32: e370-1.
44. White WB, Weber MA, Sica D et al. The effects of azilsartan medoxomil compared with olmesartan and valsartan on ambulatory and clinic blood pressure in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients. Presented at: 22nd Scientific Meeting of the European Society of Hypertension. April 26–29, 2012. London, United Kingdom. Poster.
45. Volpe M, Savoia C. New treatment options in the management of hypertension: appraising the potential role of azilsartan medoxomil. Integr Blood Press Control 2012; 5: 19–25.
46. Prasad A, Quyyumi AA. Renin-angiotensin system and angiotensin receptor blockers in the metabolic syndrome. Circulation 2004; 110: 1507–12.
47. Negro R, Formoso G, Hassan H. The effects of irbesartan and telmisartan on metabolic parameters and blood pressure in obese, insulin resistant, hypertensive patients. J Endocrinol Invest 2006; 29: 957–61.
48. Nishimura H, Sanaka T, Tanihata Y et al. Losartan elevates the serum high-molecular weight-adiponectin isoform and concurrently improves insulin sensitivity in patients with impaired glucose metabolism. Hypertens Res 2008; 31: 1611–18.
49. Higashiura K, Ura N, Takada T et al. The effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist on insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats. Am J Hypertens 2000; 13 (3): 290–7.
50. Koike H, Sada T, Mizuno M. In vitro and in vivo pharmacology of Olmesartan medoxomil, an angiotensin II type AT1 receptor antagonist. J Hypertens 2001; 19 (S1): S3–S14.
51. Koh KK, Quon MJ, Chung WJ, Shin EK. Anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects of candesartan in hypertensive patients. Int J Cardiol 2006; 108 (1): 96–100.
52. Yusuf S, Ostergren JB, Gerstein HC et al. Effects of candesartan on the development of a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in patients with heart failure. Circulation 2005; 112 (1): 48–53.
53. Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber M et al. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet 2004; 363: 2022–31.
54. Kusumoto K, Igata H, Ojima M et al. Antihypertensive, insulin-sensitising and renoprotective effects of a novel, potent and long-acting angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, azilsartan medoxomil, in rat and dog models. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 669: 84–93.
55. Zhao M, Li Y, Wang J et al. Azilsartan treatment improves insulin sensitivity in obese spontaneously hypertensive Koletsky rats. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011; 13 (12): 1123–9.
56. Iwai M, Chen R, Imura Y, Horiuchi M. TAK0536, new AT1 receptor blocker, improves glucose intolerance and adipocyte differentiation. Am J Hypertens 2007; 20 (5): 579–86.
57. Kajiya T, Ho C, Wang J et al. Molecular and cellular effects of azilsartan: a new generation angiotensin II receptor blocker. J Hypertens 2011; 29: 2476–83.
58. French C, Tarikuz Zaman AKM, Sobel BE. The angiotensin receptor blocker, azilsartan medoxomil (TAK-491), suppresses vascular wall expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-I protein potentially facilitating the stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2011; 58: 143–8.
59. Ye Y, Keyes KT, Zhang CF et al. Additive effect of TAK-491, a new angiotensin receptor blocker, and pioglitazone, in reducing myocardial infarct size. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2010; 24: 107–20.
60. Kajiya T, Ho C, Wang J et al. Molecular and cellular effects of azilsartan: a new generation angiotensin II recеptor blocker. J Hypertens 2011; 29: 2476–83.
61. Antunes de Araujo A., Varela H., Xavier de Medeiros C.АC et al. Azilsartan Reduced TNF-a and IL-1b Levels, Increased IL-10 Levels and Upregulated VEGF, FGF, KGF, and TGF-a in an Oral Mucositis Model PLoS One. 2015; 10(2): e0116799. Published online 2015, Feb 17. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116799 PMCID: PMC4331549
2. Falaschetti E, Chaudhury M, Mindell J et al. Continued Improvement in Hypertension Management in England: Results From the Health Survey for England 2006. Hypertension 2009; 53: 480–6.
3. Levy D, Larson MG, Vasan RS et al. The progression from hypertension to congestive heart failure. JAMA 1996; 275: 1557–62.
4. Воробьева О.Д., Денисенко М.Б., Елизаров В.В. и др. Демографический ежегодник России. Стат. сб. Росстат. M., 2013. http://www.gks.ru / Vorob'eva O.D., Denisenko M.B., Elizarov V.V. i dr. Demograficheskii ezhegodnik Rossii. Stat. sb. Rosstat. M., 2013. http://www.gks.ru [in Russian]
5. Бойцов С.А., Баланова Ю.А., Шальнова С.А. и др. от имени участников исследования ЭССЕ-РФ. Артериальная гипертония среди лиц 25–64 лет: распространенность, осведомленность, лечение и контроль. По материалам исследования ЭССЕ. Кардиоваск. терапия и профилактика. 2014; 14 (4): 4–14. / Boitsov S.A., Balanova Iu.A., Shal'nova S.A. i dr. ot imeni uchastnikov issledovaniia ESSE-RF. Arterial'naia gipertoniia sredi lits 25–64 let: rasprostranennost', osvedomlennost', lechenie i kontrol'. Po materialam issledovaniia ESSE. Kardiovask. terapiia i profilaktika. 2014; 14 (4): 4–14. [in Russian]
6. Оганов Р.Г., Тимофеева Т.Н., Колтунов И.Е. и др. Эпидемиология артериальной гипертонии в России. Результаты федерального мониторинга 2003–2010 гг. Кардиоваск. терапия и профилактика. 2011; 10 (1): 9–13. / Oganov R.G., Timofeeva T.N., Koltunov I.E. i dr. Epidemiologiia arterial'noi gipertonii v Rossii. Rezul'taty federal'nogo monitoringa 2003–2010 gg. Kardiovask. terapiia i profilaktika. 2011; 10 (1): 9–13. [in Russian]
7. Grujic V, Dragnic N, Kvrgic S. Epidemiology of Hypertension in Serbia: Results of a National Survey. J Epidemiol 2012; 22 (3): 261–6.
8. Dorobantu M, Darabont RO, Badila E et al. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Romania: Results of the SEPHAR Study. Int. J Hypertens 2010; Article ID 970694, 6 pages, doi: 10,4061/2010/970694
9. Meng XJ, Dong GH, Wang D et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors associated with hypertension in urban adults from 33 communities of China: the CHPSNE study. J Hypertens 2011; 29 (Issue 7): 1303–10.
10. Joffres M, Falaschetti E, Gillespie C. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in national surveys from England, the USA and Canada, and correlation with stroke and ischaemic heart disease mortality: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2013; 3: e003423. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013–003423
11. Gu Q, Burt VL, Dillon CF, Yoon S. Trends in Antihypertensive Medication Use and Blood Pressure Control Among United States adults With Hypertension: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 to 2010. Circulation 2012; 126: 2105–14.
12. Campbell N, Young ER, Drouin D et al. A Framework for Discussion on How to Improve Prevention, Management, and Control of Hypertension in Canada. Canadian J Cardiology 2014; 28 (Issue 3): 262–9.
13. Mancia G, Ambrosioni E, Rosei EA et al. Blood pressure control and risk of stroke in untreated and treated hypertensive patients screened from clinical practice: results of the ForLife study. J Hypertens 2005; 23: 1575–81.
14. Ezzati M, Oza S, Danaei G, Murray CJ. Trends and cardiovascular mortality effects of state-level blood pressure and uncontrolled hypertension in the United States. Circulation 2008; 117: 905–14.
15. Chow СK, Teo KK, Rangarajan S et al. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Rural and Urban Communities in High-, Middle-, and Low- Income Countries. JAMA 2013; 310 (9): 959–68.
16. Tocci G, Rosei EA, Ambrosioni E et al. Blood pressure control in Italy: analysis of clinical data from 2005–2011 surveys on hypertension. J Hypertens 2012; 30 (6): 1065–74.
17. Schafer HH, Sudano I, Theus GR et al. Target blood pressure attainment with antihypertensive therapy in Swiss primary care. Blood Pressure 2012; 21 (4): 211–9.
18. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003; 42: 1206–52.
19. James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL et al. 2014. Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adulds. Report from the Panel Members Appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8). JAMA. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.284427. Published online Dec 18, 2013.
20. Леонова М.В., Белоусов Д.Ю., Штейнберг Л.Л. и др. Первые результаты фармакоэпидемиологического исследования артериальной гипертонии ПИФАГОР III. Качественная клин. практика. 2010; 1: 54–60. / Leonova M.V., Belousov D.Iu., Shteinberg L.L. i dr. Pervye rezul'taty farmakoepidemiologicheskogo issledovaniia arterial'noi gipertonii PIFAGOR III. Kachestvennaia klin. praktika. 2010; 1: 54–60. [in Russian]
21. Weber MA, Schiffrin EL, White WB et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in the community a statement by the American Society of Hypertension and the International Society of Hypertension. J Hypertens 2014; 32: 3–15.
22. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K et al. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 2159–219.
23. Диагностика и лечение артериальной гипертонии. Клинические рекомендации. 2013. / Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noi gipertonii. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii. 2013. [in Russian]
24. Carey RM, Wang ZQ, Sigary HM. Role of the angiotensin type 2 receptor in the regulation of blood pressure and renal function. Hypertension 2000; 35: 155–63.
25. Israilli ZH. Clinical pharmacokinetics of angiotensin II (AT1) receptor blockers in hypertension. J Hum Hypertension 2000; 14 (Suppl. 1): S73–S86.
26. Леонова М.В. Клиническая фармакология антагонистов рецепторов ангиотензина II. Фарматека. 2003; 12: 42–7. / Leonova M.V. Klinicheskaia farmakologiia antagonistov retseptorov angiotenzina II. Farmateka. 2003; 12: 42–7. [in Russian]
27. Mire DE, Silfani TN, Pugsley MK. A Review of the structural and functional features of olmesartan medoxomil, an angiotensin receptor blocker. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2005; 46: 585–93.
28. Cernes R, Mashavi M, Zimlichman R. Differential clinical profile of candesartan compared to other angiotensin receptor blockers. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2011; 7: 749–59.
29. Makani H, Bangalore S, Supariwala A et al. Antihypertensive efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers as monotherapy as evaluated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2014; 35: 1732–42.
30. Xi GL, Cheng JW, Lu GC. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing telmisartan with losartan in the treatment of patients with hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21: 546–52.
31. Smith DH, Cramer MJ, Neutel JM et al. Comparison of telmisartan versus losartan: meta-analysis of titration-to-response studies. Blood Press Monit 2003; 8: 111–7.
32. Mazzolai L, Maillard M, Rossat J et al. Angiotensin II receptor blockade in normotensive subjects: a direct comparison of three AT1 receptor antagonists. Hypertension 1999; 33: 850–5.
33. Turnbull F, Neal B, Ninomiya T et al. Effects of different regimens to lower blood pressure on major cardiovascular events in older and younger adults: meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ 2008; 336: 1121–3.
34. Ojima M, Igata H, Tanaka M et al. In vitro antagonistic properties of a new angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker, azilsartan, in receptor binding and function studies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 336: 801–8.
35. Miura S, Fujino M, Hanzawa H et al. Molecular mechanism underlying inverse agonist of angiotensin II type 1 receptor. J Biol Chem 2006; 281: 19288–95.
36. Zaiken K, Cheng JW. Azilsartan medoxomil: a new Angiotensin receptor blocker. Clin Ther 2011; 33 (11): 1577–89.
37. Bakris GL, Sica D, Weber M et al. The comparative effects of azilsartan medoxomil and olmesartan on ambulatory and clinic blood pressure. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2011; 13 (2): 81–8.
38. Sica D, White W, Weber M et al. Comparison of the Novel Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Azilsartan Medoxomil vs Valsartan by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2011; 13: 467–72.
39. White WB, Weber MA, Sica D et al. Effects of the angiotensin receptor blocker azilsartan medoxomil versus olmesartan and valsartan on ambulatory and clinic blood pressure in patients with stages 1 and 2 hypertension. Hypertension 2011; 57: 413–20.
40. Rakugi H, Enya K, Sugiura K, Ikeda Y. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of azilsartan with that of candesartan cilexetil in Japanese patients with grade I–II essential hypertension: a randomized, double-blind clinical study. Hypertens Res 2012; 35: 552–8.
41. Bonner G, Bakris G, Sica D et al. Antihypertensive efficacy of the angiotensin receptor blocker azilsartan medoxomil compared with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril. J Hum Hypertens 2013; 27: 479–86.
42. Gitt АК, Baumgart Р, Mahfoud F et al., for the EARLY Registry Group EARLY Treatment with azilsartan compared to ACE-inhibitors in antihypertensive therapy – rationale and design of the EARLY hypertension registry. BMC Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 13 (46): 2–8.
43. Potthoff S, Gitt A, Braumgart P et al. Blood pressure reduction by monotherapy with azilsartan as compared to ace inhibitors in clinical practice in GERMANY. Results of the EARLY REGISTRY. J Hypertens 2014; 32: e370-1.
44. White WB, Weber MA, Sica D et al. The effects of azilsartan medoxomil compared with olmesartan and valsartan on ambulatory and clinic blood pressure in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients. Presented at: 22nd Scientific Meeting of the European Society of Hypertension. April 26–29, 2012. London, United Kingdom. Poster.
45. Volpe M, Savoia C. New treatment options in the management of hypertension: appraising the potential role of azilsartan medoxomil. Integr Blood Press Control 2012; 5: 19–25.
46. Prasad A, Quyyumi AA. Renin-angiotensin system and angiotensin receptor blockers in the metabolic syndrome. Circulation 2004; 110: 1507–12.
47. Negro R, Formoso G, Hassan H. The effects of irbesartan and telmisartan on metabolic parameters and blood pressure in obese, insulin resistant, hypertensive patients. J Endocrinol Invest 2006; 29: 957–61.
48. Nishimura H, Sanaka T, Tanihata Y et al. Losartan elevates the serum high-molecular weight-adiponectin isoform and concurrently improves insulin sensitivity in patients with impaired glucose metabolism. Hypertens Res 2008; 31: 1611–18.
49. Higashiura K, Ura N, Takada T et al. The effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist on insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats. Am J Hypertens 2000; 13 (3): 290–7.
50. Koike H, Sada T, Mizuno M. In vitro and in vivo pharmacology of Olmesartan medoxomil, an angiotensin II type AT1 receptor antagonist. J Hypertens 2001; 19 (S1): S3–S14.
51. Koh KK, Quon MJ, Chung WJ, Shin EK. Anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects of candesartan in hypertensive patients. Int J Cardiol 2006; 108 (1): 96–100.
52. Yusuf S, Ostergren JB, Gerstein HC et al. Effects of candesartan on the development of a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in patients with heart failure. Circulation 2005; 112 (1): 48–53.
53. Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber M et al. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet 2004; 363: 2022–31.
54. Kusumoto K, Igata H, Ojima M et al. Antihypertensive, insulin-sensitising and renoprotective effects of a novel, potent and long-acting angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, azilsartan medoxomil, in rat and dog models. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 669: 84–93.
55. Zhao M, Li Y, Wang J et al. Azilsartan treatment improves insulin sensitivity in obese spontaneously hypertensive Koletsky rats. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011; 13 (12): 1123–9.
56. Iwai M, Chen R, Imura Y, Horiuchi M. TAK0536, new AT1 receptor blocker, improves glucose intolerance and adipocyte differentiation. Am J Hypertens 2007; 20 (5): 579–86.
57. Kajiya T, Ho C, Wang J et al. Molecular and cellular effects of azilsartan: a new generation angiotensin II receptor blocker. J Hypertens 2011; 29: 2476–83.
58. French C, Tarikuz Zaman AKM, Sobel BE. The angiotensin receptor blocker, azilsartan medoxomil (TAK-491), suppresses vascular wall expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-I protein potentially facilitating the stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2011; 58: 143–8.
59. Ye Y, Keyes KT, Zhang CF et al. Additive effect of TAK-491, a new angiotensin receptor blocker, and pioglitazone, in reducing myocardial infarct size. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2010; 24: 107–20.
60. Kajiya T, Ho C, Wang J et al. Molecular and cellular effects of azilsartan: a new generation angiotensin II recеptor blocker. J Hypertens 2011; 29: 2476–83.
61. Antunes de Araujo A., Varela H., Xavier de Medeiros C.АC et al. Azilsartan Reduced TNF-a and IL-1b Levels, Increased IL-10 Levels and Upregulated VEGF, FGF, KGF, and TGF-a in an Oral Mucositis Model PLoS One. 2015; 10(2): e0116799. Published online 2015, Feb 17. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116799 PMCID: PMC4331549
________________________________________________
2. Falaschetti E, Chaudhury M, Mindell J et al. Continued Improvement in Hypertension Management in England: Results From the Health Survey for England 2006. Hypertension 2009; 53: 480–6.
3. Levy D, Larson MG, Vasan RS et al. The progression from hypertension to congestive heart failure. JAMA 1996; 275: 1557–62.
4. Vorob'eva O.D., Denisenko M.B., Elizarov V.V. i dr. Demograficheskii ezhegodnik Rossii. Stat. sb. Rosstat. M., 2013. http://www.gks.ru [in Russian]
5. Boitsov S.A., Balanova Iu.A., Shal'nova S.A. i dr. ot imeni uchastnikov issledovaniia ESSE-RF. Arterial'naia gipertoniia sredi lits 25–64 let: rasprostranennost', osvedomlennost', lechenie i kontrol'. Po materialam issledovaniia ESSE. Kardiovask. terapiia i profilaktika. 2014; 14 (4): 4–14. [in Russian]
6. Oganov R.G., Timofeeva T.N., Koltunov I.E. i dr. Epidemiologiia arterial'noi gipertonii v Rossii. Rezul'taty federal'nogo monitoringa 2003–2010 gg. Kardiovask. terapiia i profilaktika. 2011; 10 (1): 9–13. [in Russian]
7. Grujic V, Dragnic N, Kvrgic S. Epidemiology of Hypertension in Serbia: Results of a National Survey. J Epidemiol 2012; 22 (3): 261–6.
8. Dorobantu M, Darabont RO, Badila E et al. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Romania: Results of the SEPHAR Study. Int. J Hypertens 2010; Article ID 970694, 6 pages, doi: 10,4061/2010/970694
9. Meng XJ, Dong GH, Wang D et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors associated with hypertension in urban adults from 33 communities of China: the CHPSNE study. J Hypertens 2011; 29 (Issue 7): 1303–10.
10. Joffres M, Falaschetti E, Gillespie C. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in national surveys from England, the USA and Canada, and correlation with stroke and ischaemic heart disease mortality: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2013; 3: e003423. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013–003423
11. Gu Q, Burt VL, Dillon CF, Yoon S. Trends in Antihypertensive Medication Use and Blood Pressure Control Among United States adults With Hypertension: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 to 2010. Circulation 2012; 126: 2105–14.
12. Campbell N, Young ER, Drouin D et al. A Framework for Discussion on How to Improve Prevention, Management, and Control of Hypertension in Canada. Canadian J Cardiology 2014; 28 (Issue 3): 262–9.
13. Mancia G, Ambrosioni E, Rosei EA et al. Blood pressure control and risk of stroke in untreated and treated hypertensive patients screened from clinical practice: results of the ForLife study. J Hypertens 2005; 23: 1575–81.
14. Ezzati M, Oza S, Danaei G, Murray CJ. Trends and cardiovascular mortality effects of state-level blood pressure and uncontrolled hypertension in the United States. Circulation 2008; 117: 905–14.
15. Chow СK, Teo KK, Rangarajan S et al. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Rural and Urban Communities in High-, Middle-, and Low- Income Countries. JAMA 2013; 310 (9): 959–68.
16. Tocci G, Rosei EA, Ambrosioni E et al. Blood pressure control in Italy: analysis of clinical data from 2005–2011 surveys on hypertension. J Hypertens 2012; 30 (6): 1065–74.
17. Schafer HH, Sudano I, Theus GR et al. Target blood pressure attainment with antihypertensive therapy in Swiss primary care. Blood Pressure 2012; 21 (4): 211–9.
18. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003; 42: 1206–52.
19. James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL et al. 2014. Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adulds. Report from the Panel Members Appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8). JAMA. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.284427. Published online Dec 18, 2013.
20. Leonova M.V., Belousov D.Iu., Shteinberg L.L. i dr. Pervye rezul'taty farmakoepidemiologicheskogo issledovaniia arterial'noi gipertonii PIFAGOR III. Kachestvennaia klin. praktika. 2010; 1: 54–60. [in Russian]
21. Weber MA, Schiffrin EL, White WB et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in the community a statement by the American Society of Hypertension and the International Society of Hypertension. J Hypertens 2014; 32: 3–15.
22. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K et al. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 2159–219.
23. Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noi gipertonii. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii. 2013. [in Russian]
24. Carey RM, Wang ZQ, Sigary HM. Role of the angiotensin type 2 receptor in the regulation of blood pressure and renal function. Hypertension 2000; 35: 155–63.
25. Israilli ZH. Clinical pharmacokinetics of angiotensin II (AT1) receptor blockers in hypertension. J Hum Hypertension 2000; 14 (Suppl. 1): S73–S86.
26. Leonova M.V. Klinicheskaia farmakologiia antagonistov retseptorov angiotenzina II. Farmateka. 2003; 12: 42–7. [in Russian]
27. Mire DE, Silfani TN, Pugsley MK. A Review of the structural and functional features of olmesartan medoxomil, an angiotensin receptor blocker. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2005; 46: 585–93.
28. Cernes R, Mashavi M, Zimlichman R. Differential clinical profile of candesartan compared to other angiotensin receptor blockers. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2011; 7: 749–59.
29. Makani H, Bangalore S, Supariwala A et al. Antihypertensive efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers as monotherapy as evaluated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2014; 35: 1732–42.
30. Xi GL, Cheng JW, Lu GC. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing telmisartan with losartan in the treatment of patients with hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21: 546–52.
31. Smith DH, Cramer MJ, Neutel JM et al. Comparison of telmisartan versus losartan: meta-analysis of titration-to-response studies. Blood Press Monit 2003; 8: 111–7.
32. Mazzolai L, Maillard M, Rossat J et al. Angiotensin II receptor blockade in normotensive subjects: a direct comparison of three AT1 receptor antagonists. Hypertension 1999; 33: 850–5.
33. Turnbull F, Neal B, Ninomiya T et al. Effects of different regimens to lower blood pressure on major cardiovascular events in older and younger adults: meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ 2008; 336: 1121–3.
34. Ojima M, Igata H, Tanaka M et al. In vitro antagonistic properties of a new angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker, azilsartan, in receptor binding and function studies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 336: 801–8.
35. Miura S, Fujino M, Hanzawa H et al. Molecular mechanism underlying inverse agonist of angiotensin II type 1 receptor. J Biol Chem 2006; 281: 19288–95.
36. Zaiken K, Cheng JW. Azilsartan medoxomil: a new Angiotensin receptor blocker. Clin Ther 2011; 33 (11): 1577–89.
37. Bakris GL, Sica D, Weber M et al. The comparative effects of azilsartan medoxomil and olmesartan on ambulatory and clinic blood pressure. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2011; 13 (2): 81–8.
38. Sica D, White W, Weber M et al. Comparison of the Novel Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Azilsartan Medoxomil vs Valsartan by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2011; 13: 467–72.
39. White WB, Weber MA, Sica D et al. Effects of the angiotensin receptor blocker azilsartan medoxomil versus olmesartan and valsartan on ambulatory and clinic blood pressure in patients with stages 1 and 2 hypertension. Hypertension 2011; 57: 413–20.
40. Rakugi H, Enya K, Sugiura K, Ikeda Y. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of azilsartan with that of candesartan cilexetil in Japanese patients with grade I–II essential hypertension: a randomized, double-blind clinical study. Hypertens Res 2012; 35: 552–8.
41. Bonner G, Bakris G, Sica D et al. Antihypertensive efficacy of the angiotensin receptor blocker azilsartan medoxomil compared with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril. J Hum Hypertens 2013; 27: 479–86.
42. Gitt АК, Baumgart Р, Mahfoud F et al., for the EARLY Registry Group EARLY Treatment with azilsartan compared to ACE-inhibitors in antihypertensive therapy – rationale and design of the EARLY hypertension registry. BMC Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 13 (46): 2–8.
43. Potthoff S, Gitt A, Braumgart P et al. Blood pressure reduction by monotherapy with azilsartan as compared to ace inhibitors in clinical practice in GERMANY. Results of the EARLY REGISTRY. J Hypertens 2014; 32: e370-1.
44. White WB, Weber MA, Sica D et al. The effects of azilsartan medoxomil compared with olmesartan and valsartan on ambulatory and clinic blood pressure in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients. Presented at: 22nd Scientific Meeting of the European Society of Hypertension. April 26–29, 2012. London, United Kingdom. Poster.
45. Volpe M, Savoia C. New treatment options in the management of hypertension: appraising the potential role of azilsartan medoxomil. Integr Blood Press Control 2012; 5: 19–25.
46. Prasad A, Quyyumi AA. Renin-angiotensin system and angiotensin receptor blockers in the metabolic syndrome. Circulation 2004; 110: 1507–12.
47. Negro R, Formoso G, Hassan H. The effects of irbesartan and telmisartan on metabolic parameters and blood pressure in obese, insulin resistant, hypertensive patients. J Endocrinol Invest 2006; 29: 957–61.
48. Nishimura H, Sanaka T, Tanihata Y et al. Losartan elevates the serum high-molecular weight-adiponectin isoform and concurrently improves insulin sensitivity in patients with impaired glucose metabolism. Hypertens Res 2008; 31: 1611–18.
49. Higashiura K, Ura N, Takada T et al. The effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist on insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats. Am J Hypertens 2000; 13 (3): 290–7.
50. Koike H, Sada T, Mizuno M. In vitro and in vivo pharmacology of Olmesartan medoxomil, an angiotensin II type AT1 receptor antagonist. J Hypertens 2001; 19 (S1): S3–S14.
51. Koh KK, Quon MJ, Chung WJ, Shin EK. Anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects of candesartan in hypertensive patients. Int J Cardiol 2006; 108 (1): 96–100.
52. Yusuf S, Ostergren JB, Gerstein HC et al. Effects of candesartan on the development of a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in patients with heart failure. Circulation 2005; 112 (1): 48–53.
53. Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber M et al. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet 2004; 363: 2022–31.
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Авторы
М.Г.Бубнова
ФГБУ Государственный научно-исследовательский центр профилактической медицины Минздрава России. 101990, Россия, Москва, Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3
mbubnova@gnicpm.ru
State Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 101990, Russian Federation, Moscow, Petroverigsky per., d. 10, str. 3
mbubnova@gnicpm.ru
ФГБУ Государственный научно-исследовательский центр профилактической медицины Минздрава России. 101990, Россия, Москва, Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3
mbubnova@gnicpm.ru
________________________________________________
State Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 101990, Russian Federation, Moscow, Petroverigsky per., d. 10, str. 3
mbubnova@gnicpm.ru
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