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Клиническая эффективность сочетанного применения физических тренировок и фиксированной комбинации блокатора рецепторов к ангиотензину II – валсартана и антагониста кальция – амлодипина на амбулаторном (III) этапе реабилитации у курящих больных
Клиническая эффективность сочетанного применения физических тренировок и фиксированной комбинации блокатора рецепторов к ангиотензину II – валсартана и антагониста кальция – амлодипина на амбулаторном (III) этапе реабилитации у курящих больных
Бубнова М.Г., Сулим Ю.Н., Аронов Д.М. и др. Клиническая эффективность сочетанного применения физических тренировок и фиксированной комбинации блокатора рецепторов к ангиотензину II – валсартана и антагониста кальция – амлодипина на амбулаторном (III) этапе реабилитации у курящих больных с коморбидной патологией (ишемической болезнью сердца, артериальной гипертонией и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких). КардиоСоматика. 2016; 7 (2): 29–41.
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Аннотация
Цель. Изучение клинической эффективности сочетанного применения систематических физических тренировок (ФТ) и фиксированной комбинации блокатора рецепторов к ангиотензину II (БРА) валсартана (Вал) с дигидропиридиновым антагонистом кальция (АК) амлодипином (Амл), назначаемой в составе стандартной терапии курящим больным с сердечно-легочной патологией на амбулаторном (III) этапе реабилитации.
Материал. В исследование были включены 30 мужчин в возрасте от 40 до 65 лет. Все пациенты принимали статины, ацетилсалициловую кислоту, селективные b-адреноблокаторы и выполняли систематические ФТ 3 раза в неделю в течение 4 мес (продолжительность занятия – 60 мин с периодом тренировочной нагрузки умеренной интенсивности 50–60% от пороговой мощности на велотренажере). После рандомизации больных разделяли на две группы: 1-я группа (n=12) дополнительно получала ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента (ИАПФ), а 2-я (n=18) – комбинированный препарат Эксфорж® (Амл 5–10 мг/Вал 60 мг). Продолжительность исследования – 4 мес.
Методы. В исследовании проводилось клиническое обследование, велоэргометрическая проба (ВЭМ-проба), эхокардиография (ЭхоКГ), суточное мониторирование артериального давления (СМАД), спирометрия, определение концентрации липидов и липопротеидов, глюкозы, фибриногена, мочевой кислоты, креатинина с расчетом скорости клубочковой фильтрации по МDRD. Применялись опросники: госпитальная шкала тревоги и депрессии (HADS), госпиталя Святого Георгия (SGRQ) и качества жизни (КЖ) SF-36.
Результаты. На фоне ФТ, сочетающихся с приемом ИАПФ или фиксированной комбинации Амл/Вал, сократилось количество выкуренных сигарет на 20,8±5,2 штуки (<0,001) и на 25,6±4,2 штуки (<0,001) соответственно. Также наблюдалось достоверное снижение частоты сердечных сокращений: в группе ФТ+ИАПФ на 3,7±4,4 уд/мин и в группе ФТ+Амл/Вал на 6,4±4,1 уд/мин (р=0,09 между группами). Выявлялось снижение уровней офисного артериального давления (АД): систолического АД (САД) на 37,3±6,3 мм рт. ст. (р<0,001) в группе ФТ+ИАПФ и на 36,1±6,9 мм рт. ст. (р<0,001) в группе ФТ+Амл/Вал, диастолического АД (ДАД) на 19,6±3,9 мм рт. ст. (р<0,001) и 18,2±4,4 мм рт. ст. (р<0,001) соответственно. По данным СМАД у курящих и тренировавшихся больных на терапии Амл/Вал при сравнении с группой ФТ+ИАПФ отмечалось более заметное снижение максимального САД среднесуточного (на -3 мм рт. ст., р<0,05), дневного (на -4,4 мм рт. ст., р<0,05) и ночного (на -1,2 мм рт. ст., р<0,05), а также вариабельность ДАД в ночные часы (на -1,6 мм рт. ст., р<0,05). Через 4 мес приема ФТ наблюдался рост основных параметров физической работоспособности в большей степени на терапии Амл/Вал против приема ИАПФ: мощности ФН на 51,4% (р<0,001) и на 32,3% (р<0,001), общей продолжительности ФН на 51,6% (р<0,001) и на 41,4% (р<0,001). Время до развития приступа стенокардии при ВЭМ-пробе после ФТ у получавших Амл/Вал увеличилось в большей степени (на 29,1%, р<0,05) против принимавших терапию ИАПФ. В обеих группах отмечены положительные изменения в структурно-функциональных показателях сердца по данным ЭхоКГ на фоне снижения среднего давления в легочной артерии. В обеих группах имелось улучшение параметров функции внешнего дыхания, но в большей степени в группе ФТ+Амл/Вал, а также показателей психологического статуса и КЖ.
Заключение. Включение больных с очень высоким риском сердечно-сосудистых осложнений с коморбидной патологией в короткую (4-месячную) программу физической реабилитации III этапа (в амбулаторных условиях) дает положительный клинический эффект, усиливающийся при ее сочетании с кардиопротективной терапией (ИАПФ или АК/БРА). Данный эффект был наиболее выражен при присоединении к ФТ фиксированной комбинации Амл/Вал.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертония, ишемическая болезнь сердца, хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких, физические тренировки, фиксированная комбинация амлодипин/валсартан.
Material. The study included 30 men aged 40 to 65 years. All patients were treated with statins, aspirin, b-blockers, selective and systematic FT performed 3 times a week for 4 months (duration of the training – 60 minutes with a period of moderate intensity training load of 50–60% of the threshold power cycling). After randomization, patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=12) received additional angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and 2nd (n=18) – the combined preparation Exforge® (AML 5–10 mg/Val 60 mg). Study duration – 4 months.
Methods. In a study conducted clinical examination, bicycle stress test (VEM-test), echocardiography (echocardiography), ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), spirometry, determination of concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins, glucose, fibrinogen, uric acid, creatinine, a calculation of glomerular filtration rate by MDRD. They used questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), St George's Hospital (SGRQ) and quality of life (QOL) SF-36.
Results. Against the background of the FT, combined with taking an ACE inhibitor or a fixed combination of AML/Val, reduced the number of smoked cigarettes at 20.8±5.2 pieces (<0.001) and 25.6±4.2 pieces (<0.001), respectively. Also, there was a significant decrease in heart rate: in the group of ACE inhibitors on the FT+3,7±4,4 beats/min in group FT+AML/Val at 6.4±4.1 beats/min (p=0,09 between groups). Reveals reduction of office blood pressure (BP): systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 37.3±6.3 mm Hg (p<0,001) in the FT+ACEI and 36.1±6.9 mm Hg (p<0.001) in the FT+AML Val, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 19.6±3.9 mm Hg (p<0,001) and 18.2±4.4 mm Hg (p<0.001), respectively. According ABPM smokers and train patients on therapy AML/Val group when compared with FT+ACEI noted a marked decrease in the average daily maximum SBP (-3 mm Hg, p<0.05), daily (at -4, 4 mm Hg, p<0.05) and the night (to -1,2 mm Hg, p<0.05) and diastolic blood pressure variability in the night hours (-1.6 mm Hg, p<0.05). After 4 months of receiving FT was observed in the growth of the basic parameters of physical performance to a greater extent in the treatment of AML/shaft against receiving ACE inhibitors: FN capacity by 51.4% (p<0.001) and 32.3% (p<0.001), with a total length of FN by 51.6% (p<0.001) and 41,4% (p<0.001). Time to development of angina attack at HEM-sample after the FT in treated AML/Val increased to a greater extent (29.1%, p<0.05) against taking ACE inhibitor therapy. Both groups noted positive changes in the structural and functional parameters of the heart according to echocardiography due to lower average pressure in the pulmonary artery. In both groups there was an improvement of function parameters of external respiration, but to a greater extent in the group FT+AML/Val, as well as indicators of psychological status and quality of life.
Conclusion. The inclusion of patients with a very high risk of cardiovascular events with comorbid disorders in the short (4 month) physical rehabilitation program phase III (on an outpatient basis) gives a positive clinical effect, worse when its combined with cardioprotective therapy (ACE inhibitors or AK/ARBs). This effect was most pronounced when joining the FT fixed combination of AML/Val.
Key words: arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, physical training, a fixed combination of amlodipine/valsartanum.
Материал. В исследование были включены 30 мужчин в возрасте от 40 до 65 лет. Все пациенты принимали статины, ацетилсалициловую кислоту, селективные b-адреноблокаторы и выполняли систематические ФТ 3 раза в неделю в течение 4 мес (продолжительность занятия – 60 мин с периодом тренировочной нагрузки умеренной интенсивности 50–60% от пороговой мощности на велотренажере). После рандомизации больных разделяли на две группы: 1-я группа (n=12) дополнительно получала ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента (ИАПФ), а 2-я (n=18) – комбинированный препарат Эксфорж® (Амл 5–10 мг/Вал 60 мг). Продолжительность исследования – 4 мес.
Методы. В исследовании проводилось клиническое обследование, велоэргометрическая проба (ВЭМ-проба), эхокардиография (ЭхоКГ), суточное мониторирование артериального давления (СМАД), спирометрия, определение концентрации липидов и липопротеидов, глюкозы, фибриногена, мочевой кислоты, креатинина с расчетом скорости клубочковой фильтрации по МDRD. Применялись опросники: госпитальная шкала тревоги и депрессии (HADS), госпиталя Святого Георгия (SGRQ) и качества жизни (КЖ) SF-36.
Результаты. На фоне ФТ, сочетающихся с приемом ИАПФ или фиксированной комбинации Амл/Вал, сократилось количество выкуренных сигарет на 20,8±5,2 штуки (<0,001) и на 25,6±4,2 штуки (<0,001) соответственно. Также наблюдалось достоверное снижение частоты сердечных сокращений: в группе ФТ+ИАПФ на 3,7±4,4 уд/мин и в группе ФТ+Амл/Вал на 6,4±4,1 уд/мин (р=0,09 между группами). Выявлялось снижение уровней офисного артериального давления (АД): систолического АД (САД) на 37,3±6,3 мм рт. ст. (р<0,001) в группе ФТ+ИАПФ и на 36,1±6,9 мм рт. ст. (р<0,001) в группе ФТ+Амл/Вал, диастолического АД (ДАД) на 19,6±3,9 мм рт. ст. (р<0,001) и 18,2±4,4 мм рт. ст. (р<0,001) соответственно. По данным СМАД у курящих и тренировавшихся больных на терапии Амл/Вал при сравнении с группой ФТ+ИАПФ отмечалось более заметное снижение максимального САД среднесуточного (на -3 мм рт. ст., р<0,05), дневного (на -4,4 мм рт. ст., р<0,05) и ночного (на -1,2 мм рт. ст., р<0,05), а также вариабельность ДАД в ночные часы (на -1,6 мм рт. ст., р<0,05). Через 4 мес приема ФТ наблюдался рост основных параметров физической работоспособности в большей степени на терапии Амл/Вал против приема ИАПФ: мощности ФН на 51,4% (р<0,001) и на 32,3% (р<0,001), общей продолжительности ФН на 51,6% (р<0,001) и на 41,4% (р<0,001). Время до развития приступа стенокардии при ВЭМ-пробе после ФТ у получавших Амл/Вал увеличилось в большей степени (на 29,1%, р<0,05) против принимавших терапию ИАПФ. В обеих группах отмечены положительные изменения в структурно-функциональных показателях сердца по данным ЭхоКГ на фоне снижения среднего давления в легочной артерии. В обеих группах имелось улучшение параметров функции внешнего дыхания, но в большей степени в группе ФТ+Амл/Вал, а также показателей психологического статуса и КЖ.
Заключение. Включение больных с очень высоким риском сердечно-сосудистых осложнений с коморбидной патологией в короткую (4-месячную) программу физической реабилитации III этапа (в амбулаторных условиях) дает положительный клинический эффект, усиливающийся при ее сочетании с кардиопротективной терапией (ИАПФ или АК/БРА). Данный эффект был наиболее выражен при присоединении к ФТ фиксированной комбинации Амл/Вал.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертония, ишемическая болезнь сердца, хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких, физические тренировки, фиксированная комбинация амлодипин/валсартан.
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Material. The study included 30 men aged 40 to 65 years. All patients were treated with statins, aspirin, b-blockers, selective and systematic FT performed 3 times a week for 4 months (duration of the training – 60 minutes with a period of moderate intensity training load of 50–60% of the threshold power cycling). After randomization, patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=12) received additional angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and 2nd (n=18) – the combined preparation Exforge® (AML 5–10 mg/Val 60 mg). Study duration – 4 months.
Methods. In a study conducted clinical examination, bicycle stress test (VEM-test), echocardiography (echocardiography), ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), spirometry, determination of concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins, glucose, fibrinogen, uric acid, creatinine, a calculation of glomerular filtration rate by MDRD. They used questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), St George's Hospital (SGRQ) and quality of life (QOL) SF-36.
Results. Against the background of the FT, combined with taking an ACE inhibitor or a fixed combination of AML/Val, reduced the number of smoked cigarettes at 20.8±5.2 pieces (<0.001) and 25.6±4.2 pieces (<0.001), respectively. Also, there was a significant decrease in heart rate: in the group of ACE inhibitors on the FT+3,7±4,4 beats/min in group FT+AML/Val at 6.4±4.1 beats/min (p=0,09 between groups). Reveals reduction of office blood pressure (BP): systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 37.3±6.3 mm Hg (p<0,001) in the FT+ACEI and 36.1±6.9 mm Hg (p<0.001) in the FT+AML Val, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 19.6±3.9 mm Hg (p<0,001) and 18.2±4.4 mm Hg (p<0.001), respectively. According ABPM smokers and train patients on therapy AML/Val group when compared with FT+ACEI noted a marked decrease in the average daily maximum SBP (-3 mm Hg, p<0.05), daily (at -4, 4 mm Hg, p<0.05) and the night (to -1,2 mm Hg, p<0.05) and diastolic blood pressure variability in the night hours (-1.6 mm Hg, p<0.05). After 4 months of receiving FT was observed in the growth of the basic parameters of physical performance to a greater extent in the treatment of AML/shaft against receiving ACE inhibitors: FN capacity by 51.4% (p<0.001) and 32.3% (p<0.001), with a total length of FN by 51.6% (p<0.001) and 41,4% (p<0.001). Time to development of angina attack at HEM-sample after the FT in treated AML/Val increased to a greater extent (29.1%, p<0.05) against taking ACE inhibitor therapy. Both groups noted positive changes in the structural and functional parameters of the heart according to echocardiography due to lower average pressure in the pulmonary artery. In both groups there was an improvement of function parameters of external respiration, but to a greater extent in the group FT+AML/Val, as well as indicators of psychological status and quality of life.
Conclusion. The inclusion of patients with a very high risk of cardiovascular events with comorbid disorders in the short (4 month) physical rehabilitation program phase III (on an outpatient basis) gives a positive clinical effect, worse when its combined with cardioprotective therapy (ACE inhibitors or AK/ARBs). This effect was most pronounced when joining the FT fixed combination of AML/Val.
Key words: arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, physical training, a fixed combination of amlodipine/valsartanum.
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27. Garrod R, Marshall J, Barley E, Jones PW. Predictors of success and failure in pulmonary rehabilitation. Eur Respir J 2006; 27: 788–94.
28. Sabit R, Griffiths TL, Watkins AJ et al. Predictors of poor attendance at an outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation programme. Respir Med 2008; 102: 819–24.
29. Bustamante MJ, Valentino G, Krämer V et al. Patient Adherence to a ardiovascular Rehabilitation Program: What Factors Are Involved? Int J Clin Med 2015; 6: 605–14.
30. Turk-Adawi KI, Oldridge NB, Tarima SS et al. Cardiac Rehabilitation Enrollment Among Referred Patients. Рatient and organizational factors. J Cardiopulmon Rehabilit Prevent 2014; 34: 114–22.
31. Hassan HA, Aziz NA, Hassan Y, Hassan F. Does the duration of smoking cessation have an impact on hospital admission and health-related quality of life amongst COPD patients? Int J COPD 2014; 9: 493–9.
32. Бубнова М.Г., Аронов Д.М., Сулим Ю.Н., Выгодин В.А. Клиническая эффективность фиксированной комбинации блокатора рецепторов к ангиотензину II валсартана с антагонистом кальция амлодипином у курящих больных с ССЗ и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких. КардиоСоматика. 2015; 1: 24–35. / Bubnova M.G., Aronov D.M., Sulim Iu.N., Vygodin V.A. Klinicheskaia effektivnost' fiksirovannoi kombinatsii blokatora retseptorov k angiotenzinu II valsartana s antagonistom kal'tsiia amlodipinom u kuriashchikh bol'nykh s SSZ i khronicheskoi obstruktivnoi bolezn'iu legkikh. Cardiosomatics. 2015; 1: 24–35. [in Russian]
33. Baessler A, Hengstenberg C, Holmer S et al. Long-term effects of in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation on the cardiac risk profile. A case-control study in pairs of siblings with myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2001; 22: 1111–8.
34. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet 2004; 364: 937–52.
35. Prugger Ch, Wellmann J, Heidrich J et al, on behalf of the EUROASPIRE Study Group. Passive smoking and smoking cessation among patients with coronary heart disease across Europe: results from the EUROASPIRE III survey. Eur Heart J 2014; 35: 590–8. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/eht538.
36. Sturchio A, Gianni AD, Campana B et al. Coronary Artery RIsk Management Programme (CARIMAP) Delivered by a Rehabilitation Day-Hospital. Impact on patients with coronary artery disease. J Cardiopulmon Rehabilitat Prevent 2012; 32: 386–93.
37. Turnbull F, Neal B, Ninomiya T et al. Effects of different regimens to lower blood pressure on major cardiovascular events in older and younger adults: meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ 2008; 336: 1121–3.
38. Бубнова М.Г., Сеченова Е.В., Аронов Д.М. Оценка эффективности ранней комплексной постстационарной реабилитации больных коронарной болезнью сердца после вмешательств на коронарных сосудах на диспансерно-поликлиническом этапе Эффективная фармакотер. в кардиологии и ангиологии. 2011; 1: 86–91. / Bubnova M.G., Sechenova E.V., Aronov D.M. Otsenka effektivnosti rannei kompleksnoi poststatsionarnoi reabilitatsii bol'nykh koronarnoi bolezn'iu serdtsa posle vmeshatel'stv na koronarnykh sosudakh na dispanserno-poliklinicheskom etape Effektivnaia farmakoter. v kardiologii i angiologii. 2011; 1: 86–91. [in Russian]
39. Аронов Д.М., Красницкий В.Б., Бубнова М.Г. и др. Физические тренировки в комплексной реабилитации и вторичной профилактике на амбулаторно-поликлиническом этапе у больных ишемической болезнью сердца после острых коронарных осложнений. Российское кооперативное исследование. Кардиология. 2006; 9: 33–8. / Aronov D.M., Krasnitskii V.B., Bubnova M.G. i dr. Fizicheskie trenirovki v kompleksnoi reabilitatsii i vtorichnoi profilaktike na ambulatorno-poliklinicheskom etape u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa posle ostrykh koronarnykh oslozhnenii. Rossiiskoe kooperativnoe issledovanie. Kardiologiia. 2006; 9: 33–8. [in Russian]
40. Аронов Д.М., Бубнова М.Г., Красницкий В.Б. и др. от имени исследователей. Клинические эффекты годичной программы физических тренировок у больных АГ трудоспособного возраста, перенесших острый инфаркт миокарда. Российское рандомизированное контролируемое клиническое исследование. Системные гипертензии. 2015; 12 (4): 61–8. / Aronov D.M., Bubnova M.G., Krasnitskii V.B. i dr. ot imeni issledovatelei. Klinicheskie effekty godichnoi programmy fizicheskikh trenirovok u bol'nykh AG trudosposobnogo vozrasta, perenesshikh ostryi infarkt miokarda. Rossiiskoe randomizirovannoe kontroliruemoe klinicheskoe issledovanie. Systemic Hypertension. 2015; 12 (4): 61–8. [in Russian]
41. Aronov DM, Bubnova MG, Anzimirova NV, Novikova N.K. Clinical efficacy of physical rehabilitation program in patients after myocardial infarction complicated by congestive heart failure. EurJ Heart Failure 2015; 17 (Suppl. 1): 109. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.277.
42. Bubnova MG, Aronov DM, Krasnitsky VB et al. Effectiveness of physical rehabilitation program in hypertensive patients after acute myocardial infarction (A COOPERATIVE RUSSIAN TRIAL). J Hypertension 2014; 32 (e-Suppl. 1): e420.
43. Awad-Elkarim AA, Bagger JP, Albers CJ et al. A prospective study of long term prognosis in young myocardial infarction survivors: the prognostic value of angiography and exercise testing. Heart 2003; 89: 843–7.
44. Verdecchia P, Schilaci G, Borgioni C et al. Adverse prognosis significance of concentric remodeling of the left ventricle in hypertensive patients with normal left ventricular mass. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 25: 871–8.
45. Hole DJ, Watt GC, Davey-Smith G et al. Impaired lung function and mortality risk in men and women: findings from the Renfrew and Paisley prospective population study. BMJ 1996; 313: 711–5; discussion 715–716.
46. Seeger H, Mueck AO, Lippert TH. Effects of valsartan and 17-beta-estradiol on the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein in vitro. Coron Artery Dis 2000; 11: 347–9.
47. Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K et al. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist decreases plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 and solubile adhesion molecules in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 714–21.
48. Mancini GBJ, Etminan M, Zhang B et al. Reduction of Morbidity and Mortality by Statins, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease JACC 2006; 47 (12): 2554–60.
49. Wood D. Established and emerging cardiovascular risk factors. Am Heart J 2001; 141 (2): 49–57.
2. Sidney S, Sorel M, Quesenberry CP et al. COPD and incident cardiovascular disease hospitalizations and mortality: Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program. Chest 2005; 128: 2068–75.
3. Holguin F, Folch E, Redd SC et al. Comorbidity and mortality in COPD-related hospitalizations in the United States, 1979 to 2001. Chest 2005; 128: 2005–11.
4. Selvaraj CL, Gurm HS, Gupta R et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a predictor of mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol 2005; 96: 756–9.
5. Kjoller E, Kober L, Iversen K, Torp-Pedersen C. Importance of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for prognosis and diagnosis of congestive heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Eur J Heart Fail 2004; 6: 71–7.
6. Salisbury AC, Reid KJ, Spertus JA. Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on post-myocardial infarction outcomes. Am J Cardiol 2007; 99: 636–41.
7. Iribsrren C, Tecawa IS, Sydney S, Friedman GD. Effect of cigar smoking on the risk of cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer in men. N Engl J Med 1999; 343: 1773–80.
8. Anthonisen NR, Connett JE, Enright PL et al. Lung Health Study Research Group. Hospitalizations and mortality in the Lung Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166: 333–9.
9. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2013. Available from: http://www.goldcopd.org/uploads/users/files/GOLD_Report_2013_Feb20.pdf. Accessed July 20, 2013.
10. Vestbo J, Hurd SS, Agustí AG et al. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 187 (4): 347–65.
11. Barnes PJ, Celli BR. Systemic manifestations and comorbidities of COPD. Eur Respir J 2009; 33 (5): 1165–85.
12. American Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society. Skeletal muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A statement of the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159 (4 Pt. 2): S1–S40.
13. Wüst RC, Degens H. Factors contributing to muscle wasting and dysfunction in COPD patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2007; 2 (3): 289–300.
14. Whittom F, Jobin J, Simard PM et al. Histochemical and morphological characteristics of the vastus lateralis muscle in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30 (10): 1467–74.
15. Gosker HR, Zeegers MP, Wouters EF, Schols AM. Muscle fibre type shifting in the vastus lateralis of patients with COPD is associated with disease severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Thorax 2007; 62 (11): 944–9.
16. Jobin J, Maltais F, Doyon JF et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: capillarity and fiber-type characteristics of skeletal muscle. J Cardiopulm Rehabil 1998; 18 (6): 432–37.
17. Barreiro E, Gea J, Corominas JM, Hussain SN. Nitric oxide syntheses and protein oxidation in the quadriceps femoris of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2003; 29 (6): 771–8.
18. Gosker HR, Hesselink MK, Duimel H et al. Reduced mitochondrial density in the vastus lateralis muscle of patients with COPD. Eur Respir J 2007; 30 (1): 73–9.
19. Maltais F, Simard AA, Simard C et al. Oxidative capacity of the skeletal muscle and lactic acid kinetics during exercise in normal subjects and in patients with COPD. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153 (1): 288–93.
20. Johnston K, Grimmer-Somers K. Pulmonary rehabilitation: overwhelming evidence but lost in translation? Physiother Can 2010; 62: 368–73.
21. Li V.V., Zadionchenko V.S., Adasheva T.V. i dr. Khronicheskaia obstruktivnaia bolezn' legkikh i arterial'naia gipertoniia – metafizika i dialektika. Cardiosomatics. 2013; 1: 5–10. [in Russian]
22. Adasheva T.V., Fedorova I.V., Zadionchenko V.S. i dr. Antigipertenzivnaia terapiia u bol'nykh khronicheskoi obstruktivnoi bolezn'iu legkikh: preimushchestva antagonistov kal'tsiia. Ratsional'naia farmakoter. v kardiologii 2008; 5: 39–45. [in Russian]
23. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (revised 2011). www.goldcopd.com.
24. Devereux RA, Reichek N. Echocardiographic determination of left ventricular mass in man: anatomic validation of the method. Circulation 1977; 55: 613–8.
25. Johnston K, Grimmer-Somers K. Pulmonary rehabilitation: overwhelming evidence but lost in translation? Physiother Can 2010; 62: 368–73.
26. Fischer MJ, Scharloo M, Abbink JJ et al. Drop-out and attendance in pulmonary rehabilitation: the role of clinical and psychosocial variables. Respir Med 2009; 103: 1564–71.
27. Garrod R, Marshall J, Barley E, Jones PW. Predictors of success and failure in pulmonary rehabilitation. Eur Respir J 2006; 27: 788–94.
28. Sabit R, Griffiths TL, Watkins AJ et al. Predictors of poor attendance at an outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation programme. Respir Med 2008; 102: 819–24.
29. Bustamante MJ, Valentino G, Krämer V et al. Patient Adherence to a ardiovascular Rehabilitation Program: What Factors Are Involved? Int J Clin Med 2015; 6: 605–14.
30. Turk-Adawi KI, Oldridge NB, Tarima SS et al. Cardiac Rehabilitation Enrollment Among Referred Patients. Рatient and organizational factors. J Cardiopulmon Rehabilit Prevent 2014; 34: 114–22.
31. Hassan HA, Aziz NA, Hassan Y, Hassan F. Does the duration of smoking cessation have an impact on hospital admission and health-related quality of life amongst COPD patients? Int J COPD 2014; 9: 493–9.
32. Bubnova M.G., Aronov D.M., Sulim Iu.N., Vygodin V.A. Klinicheskaia effektivnost' fiksirovannoi kombinatsii blokatora retseptorov k angiotenzinu II valsartana s antagonistom kal'tsiia amlodipinom u kuriashchikh bol'nykh s SSZ i khronicheskoi obstruktivnoi bolezn'iu legkikh. Cardiosomatics. 2015; 1: 24–35. [in Russian]
33. Baessler A, Hengstenberg C, Holmer S et al. Long-term effects of in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation on the cardiac risk profile. A case-control study in pairs of siblings with myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2001; 22: 1111–8.
34. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet 2004; 364: 937–52.
35. Prugger Ch, Wellmann J, Heidrich J et al, on behalf of the EUROASPIRE Study Group. Passive smoking and smoking cessation among patients with coronary heart disease across Europe: results from the EUROASPIRE III survey. Eur Heart J 2014; 35: 590–8. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/eht538.
36. Sturchio A, Gianni AD, Campana B et al. Coronary Artery RIsk Management Programme (CARIMAP) Delivered by a Rehabilitation Day-Hospital. Impact on patients with coronary artery disease. J Cardiopulmon Rehabilitat Prevent 2012; 32: 386–93.
37. Turnbull F, Neal B, Ninomiya T et al. Effects of different regimens to lower blood pressure on major cardiovascular events in older and younger adults: meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ 2008; 336: 1121–3.
38. Bubnova M.G., Sechenova E.V., Aronov D.M. Otsenka effektivnosti rannei kompleksnoi poststatsionarnoi reabilitatsii bol'nykh koronarnoi bolezn'iu serdtsa posle vmeshatel'stv na koronarnykh sosudakh na dispanserno-poliklinicheskom etape Effektivnaia farmakoter. v kardiologii i angiologii. 2011; 1: 86–91. [in Russian]
39. Aronov D.M., Krasnitskii V.B., Bubnova M.G. i dr. Fizicheskie trenirovki v kompleksnoi reabilitatsii i vtorichnoi profilaktike na ambulatorno-poliklinicheskom etape u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa posle ostrykh koronarnykh oslozhnenii. Rossiiskoe kooperativnoe issledovanie. Kardiologiia. 2006; 9: 33–8. [in Russian]
40. Aronov D.M., Bubnova M.G., Krasnitskii V.B. i dr. ot imeni issledovatelei. Klinicheskie effekty godichnoi programmy fizicheskikh trenirovok u bol'nykh AG trudosposobnogo vozrasta, perenesshikh ostryi infarkt miokarda. Rossiiskoe randomizirovannoe kontroliruemoe klinicheskoe issledovanie. Systemic Hypertension. 2015; 12 (4): 61–8. [in Russian]
41. Aronov DM, Bubnova MG, Anzimirova NV, Novikova N.K. Clinical efficacy of physical rehabilitation program in patients after myocardial infarction complicated by congestive heart failure. EurJ Heart Failure 2015; 17 (Suppl. 1): 109. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.277.
42. Bubnova MG, Aronov DM, Krasnitsky VB et al. Effectiveness of physical rehabilitation program in hypertensive patients after acute myocardial infarction (A COOPERATIVE RUSSIAN TRIAL). J Hypertension 2014; 32 (e-Suppl. 1): e420.
43. Awad-Elkarim AA, Bagger JP, Albers CJ et al. A prospective study of long term prognosis in young myocardial infarction survivors: the prognostic value of angiography and exercise testing. Heart 2003; 89: 843–7.
44. Verdecchia P, Schilaci G, Borgioni C et al. Adverse prognosis significance of concentric remodeling of the left ventricle in hypertensive patients with normal left ventricular mass. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 25: 871–8.
45. Hole DJ, Watt GC, Davey-Smith G et al. Impaired lung function and mortality risk in men and women: findings from the Renfrew and Paisley prospective population study. BMJ 1996; 313: 711–5; discussion 715–716.
46. Seeger H, Mueck AO, Lippert TH. Effects of valsartan and 17-beta-estradiol on the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein in vitro. Coron Artery Dis 2000; 11: 347–9.
47. Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K et al. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist decreases plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 and solubile adhesion molecules in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 714–21.
48. Mancini GBJ, Etminan M, Zhang B et al. Reduction of Morbidity and Mortality by Statins, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease JACC 2006; 47 (12): 2554–60.
49. Wood D. Established and emerging cardiovascular risk factors. Am Heart J 2001; 141 (2): 49–57.
2. Sidney S, Sorel M, Quesenberry CP et al. COPD and incident cardiovascular disease hospitalizations and mortality: Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program. Chest 2005; 128: 2068–75.
3. Holguin F, Folch E, Redd SC et al. Comorbidity and mortality in COPD-related hospitalizations in the United States, 1979 to 2001. Chest 2005; 128: 2005–11.
4. Selvaraj CL, Gurm HS, Gupta R et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a predictor of mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol 2005; 96: 756–9.
5. Kjoller E, Kober L, Iversen K, Torp-Pedersen C. Importance of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for prognosis and diagnosis of congestive heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Eur J Heart Fail 2004; 6: 71–7.
6. Salisbury AC, Reid KJ, Spertus JA. Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on post-myocardial infarction outcomes. Am J Cardiol 2007; 99: 636–41.
7. Iribsrren C, Tecawa IS, Sydney S, Friedman GD. Effect of cigar smoking on the risk of cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer in men. N Engl J Med 1999; 343: 1773–80.
8. Anthonisen NR, Connett JE, Enright PL et al. Lung Health Study Research Group. Hospitalizations and mortality in the Lung Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166: 333–9.
9. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2013. Available from: http://www.goldcopd.org/uploads/users/files/GOLD_Report_2013_Feb20.pdf. Accessed July 20, 2013.
10. Vestbo J, Hurd SS, Agustí AG et al. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 187 (4): 347–65.
11. Barnes PJ, Celli BR. Systemic manifestations and comorbidities of COPD. Eur Respir J 2009; 33 (5): 1165–85.
12. American Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society. Skeletal muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A statement of the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159 (4 Pt. 2): S1–S40.
13. Wüst RC, Degens H. Factors contributing to muscle wasting and dysfunction in COPD patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2007; 2 (3): 289–300.
14. Whittom F, Jobin J, Simard PM et al. Histochemical and morphological characteristics of the vastus lateralis muscle in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30 (10): 1467–74.
15. Gosker HR, Zeegers MP, Wouters EF, Schols AM. Muscle fibre type shifting in the vastus lateralis of patients with COPD is associated with disease severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Thorax 2007; 62 (11): 944–9.
16. Jobin J, Maltais F, Doyon JF et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: capillarity and fiber-type characteristics of skeletal muscle. J Cardiopulm Rehabil 1998; 18 (6): 432–37.
17. Barreiro E, Gea J, Corominas JM, Hussain SN. Nitric oxide syntheses and protein oxidation in the quadriceps femoris of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2003; 29 (6): 771–8.
18. Gosker HR, Hesselink MK, Duimel H et al. Reduced mitochondrial density in the vastus lateralis muscle of patients with COPD. Eur Respir J 2007; 30 (1): 73–9.
19. Maltais F, Simard AA, Simard C et al. Oxidative capacity of the skeletal muscle and lactic acid kinetics during exercise in normal subjects and in patients with COPD. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153 (1): 288–93.
20. Johnston K, Grimmer-Somers K. Pulmonary rehabilitation: overwhelming evidence but lost in translation? Physiother Can 2010; 62: 368–73.
21. Ли В.В., Задионченко В.С., Адашева Т.В. и др. Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких и артериальная гипертония – метафизика и диалектика. КардиоСоматика. 2013; 1: 5–10. / Li V.V., Zadionchenko V.S., Adasheva T.V. i dr. Khronicheskaia obstruktivnaia bolezn' legkikh i arterial'naia gipertoniia – metafizika i dialektika. Cardiosomatics. 2013; 1: 5–10. [in Russian]
22. Адашева Т.В., Федорова И.В., Задионченко В.С. и др. Антигипертензивная терапия у больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких: преимущества антагонистов кальция. Рациональная фармакотер. в кардиологии. 2008; 5: 39–45. / Adasheva T.V., Fedorova I.V., Zadionchenko V.S. i dr. Antigipertenzivnaia terapiia u bol'nykh khronicheskoi obstruktivnoi bolezn'iu legkikh: preimushchestva antagonistov kal'tsiia. Ratsional'naia farmakoter. v kardiologii 2008; 5: 39–45. [in Russian]
23. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (revised 2011). www.goldcopd.com.
24. Devereux RA, Reichek N. Echocardiographic determination of left ventricular mass in man: anatomic validation of the method. Circulation 1977; 55: 613–8.
25. Johnston K, Grimmer-Somers K. Pulmonary rehabilitation: overwhelming evidence but lost in translation? Physiother Can 2010; 62: 368–73.
26. Fischer MJ, Scharloo M, Abbink JJ et al. Drop-out and attendance in pulmonary rehabilitation: the role of clinical and psychosocial variables. Respir Med 2009; 103: 1564–71.
27. Garrod R, Marshall J, Barley E, Jones PW. Predictors of success and failure in pulmonary rehabilitation. Eur Respir J 2006; 27: 788–94.
28. Sabit R, Griffiths TL, Watkins AJ et al. Predictors of poor attendance at an outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation programme. Respir Med 2008; 102: 819–24.
29. Bustamante MJ, Valentino G, Krämer V et al. Patient Adherence to a ardiovascular Rehabilitation Program: What Factors Are Involved? Int J Clin Med 2015; 6: 605–14.
30. Turk-Adawi KI, Oldridge NB, Tarima SS et al. Cardiac Rehabilitation Enrollment Among Referred Patients. Рatient and organizational factors. J Cardiopulmon Rehabilit Prevent 2014; 34: 114–22.
31. Hassan HA, Aziz NA, Hassan Y, Hassan F. Does the duration of smoking cessation have an impact on hospital admission and health-related quality of life amongst COPD patients? Int J COPD 2014; 9: 493–9.
32. Бубнова М.Г., Аронов Д.М., Сулим Ю.Н., Выгодин В.А. Клиническая эффективность фиксированной комбинации блокатора рецепторов к ангиотензину II валсартана с антагонистом кальция амлодипином у курящих больных с ССЗ и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких. КардиоСоматика. 2015; 1: 24–35. / Bubnova M.G., Aronov D.M., Sulim Iu.N., Vygodin V.A. Klinicheskaia effektivnost' fiksirovannoi kombinatsii blokatora retseptorov k angiotenzinu II valsartana s antagonistom kal'tsiia amlodipinom u kuriashchikh bol'nykh s SSZ i khronicheskoi obstruktivnoi bolezn'iu legkikh. Cardiosomatics. 2015; 1: 24–35. [in Russian]
33. Baessler A, Hengstenberg C, Holmer S et al. Long-term effects of in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation on the cardiac risk profile. A case-control study in pairs of siblings with myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2001; 22: 1111–8.
34. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet 2004; 364: 937–52.
35. Prugger Ch, Wellmann J, Heidrich J et al, on behalf of the EUROASPIRE Study Group. Passive smoking and smoking cessation among patients with coronary heart disease across Europe: results from the EUROASPIRE III survey. Eur Heart J 2014; 35: 590–8. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/eht538.
36. Sturchio A, Gianni AD, Campana B et al. Coronary Artery RIsk Management Programme (CARIMAP) Delivered by a Rehabilitation Day-Hospital. Impact on patients with coronary artery disease. J Cardiopulmon Rehabilitat Prevent 2012; 32: 386–93.
37. Turnbull F, Neal B, Ninomiya T et al. Effects of different regimens to lower blood pressure on major cardiovascular events in older and younger adults: meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ 2008; 336: 1121–3.
38. Бубнова М.Г., Сеченова Е.В., Аронов Д.М. Оценка эффективности ранней комплексной постстационарной реабилитации больных коронарной болезнью сердца после вмешательств на коронарных сосудах на диспансерно-поликлиническом этапе Эффективная фармакотер. в кардиологии и ангиологии. 2011; 1: 86–91. / Bubnova M.G., Sechenova E.V., Aronov D.M. Otsenka effektivnosti rannei kompleksnoi poststatsionarnoi reabilitatsii bol'nykh koronarnoi bolezn'iu serdtsa posle vmeshatel'stv na koronarnykh sosudakh na dispanserno-poliklinicheskom etape Effektivnaia farmakoter. v kardiologii i angiologii. 2011; 1: 86–91. [in Russian]
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40. Аронов Д.М., Бубнова М.Г., Красницкий В.Б. и др. от имени исследователей. Клинические эффекты годичной программы физических тренировок у больных АГ трудоспособного возраста, перенесших острый инфаркт миокарда. Российское рандомизированное контролируемое клиническое исследование. Системные гипертензии. 2015; 12 (4): 61–8. / Aronov D.M., Bubnova M.G., Krasnitskii V.B. i dr. ot imeni issledovatelei. Klinicheskie effekty godichnoi programmy fizicheskikh trenirovok u bol'nykh AG trudosposobnogo vozrasta, perenesshikh ostryi infarkt miokarda. Rossiiskoe randomizirovannoe kontroliruemoe klinicheskoe issledovanie. Systemic Hypertension. 2015; 12 (4): 61–8. [in Russian]
41. Aronov DM, Bubnova MG, Anzimirova NV, Novikova N.K. Clinical efficacy of physical rehabilitation program in patients after myocardial infarction complicated by congestive heart failure. EurJ Heart Failure 2015; 17 (Suppl. 1): 109. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.277.
42. Bubnova MG, Aronov DM, Krasnitsky VB et al. Effectiveness of physical rehabilitation program in hypertensive patients after acute myocardial infarction (A COOPERATIVE RUSSIAN TRIAL). J Hypertension 2014; 32 (e-Suppl. 1): e420.
43. Awad-Elkarim AA, Bagger JP, Albers CJ et al. A prospective study of long term prognosis in young myocardial infarction survivors: the prognostic value of angiography and exercise testing. Heart 2003; 89: 843–7.
44. Verdecchia P, Schilaci G, Borgioni C et al. Adverse prognosis significance of concentric remodeling of the left ventricle in hypertensive patients with normal left ventricular mass. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 25: 871–8.
45. Hole DJ, Watt GC, Davey-Smith G et al. Impaired lung function and mortality risk in men and women: findings from the Renfrew and Paisley prospective population study. BMJ 1996; 313: 711–5; discussion 715–716.
46. Seeger H, Mueck AO, Lippert TH. Effects of valsartan and 17-beta-estradiol on the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein in vitro. Coron Artery Dis 2000; 11: 347–9.
47. Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K et al. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist decreases plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 and solubile adhesion molecules in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 714–21.
48. Mancini GBJ, Etminan M, Zhang B et al. Reduction of Morbidity and Mortality by Statins, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease JACC 2006; 47 (12): 2554–60.
49. Wood D. Established and emerging cardiovascular risk factors. Am Heart J 2001; 141 (2): 49–57.
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41. Aronov DM, Bubnova MG, Anzimirova NV, Novikova N.K. Clinical efficacy of physical rehabilitation program in patients after myocardial infarction complicated by congestive heart failure. EurJ Heart Failure 2015; 17 (Suppl. 1): 109. DOI:10.1002/ejhf.277.
42. Bubnova MG, Aronov DM, Krasnitsky VB et al. Effectiveness of physical rehabilitation program in hypertensive patients after acute myocardial infarction (A COOPERATIVE RUSSIAN TRIAL). J Hypertension 2014; 32 (e-Suppl. 1): e420.
43. Awad-Elkarim AA, Bagger JP, Albers CJ et al. A prospective study of long term prognosis in young myocardial infarction survivors: the prognostic value of angiography and exercise testing. Heart 2003; 89: 843–7.
44. Verdecchia P, Schilaci G, Borgioni C et al. Adverse prognosis significance of concentric remodeling of the left ventricle in hypertensive patients with normal left ventricular mass. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 25: 871–8.
45. Hole DJ, Watt GC, Davey-Smith G et al. Impaired lung function and mortality risk in men and women: findings from the Renfrew and Paisley prospective population study. BMJ 1996; 313: 711–5; discussion 715–716.
46. Seeger H, Mueck AO, Lippert TH. Effects of valsartan and 17-beta-estradiol on the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein in vitro. Coron Artery Dis 2000; 11: 347–9.
47. Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K et al. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist decreases plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 and solubile adhesion molecules in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 714–21.
48. Mancini GBJ, Etminan M, Zhang B et al. Reduction of Morbidity and Mortality by Statins, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease JACC 2006; 47 (12): 2554–60.
49. Wood D. Established and emerging cardiovascular risk factors. Am Heart J 2001; 141 (2): 49–57.
Авторы
М.Г.Бубнова*1, Ю.Н.Сулим2, Д.М.Аронов1, Н.К.Новикова1, В.А.Выгодин1, Н.Н.Мещерякова3
1 ФГБУ Государственный научно-исследовательский центр профилактической медицины Минздрава России. 101990, Россия, Москва, Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3;
2 ООО «Скандинавский центр здоровья». 111024, Россия, Москва, ул. 2-я Кабельная, д. 2, стр. 25;
3 ФГБУ Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии ФМБА России. 105077, Россия, Москва, ул. 11-я Парковая, д. 32
*mbubnova@gnicpm.ru
1 State Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 101990, Russian Federation, Moscow, Petroverigsky per., d. 10, str. 3;
2 Nordic Health Center. 111024, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. 2-ia Kabel’naia, d. 2, str. 25;
3 Research Institute of pulmonology FMBA of Russia. 105077, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. 11-ia Parkovaia, d. 32
*mbubnova@gnicpm.ru
1 ФГБУ Государственный научно-исследовательский центр профилактической медицины Минздрава России. 101990, Россия, Москва, Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3;
2 ООО «Скандинавский центр здоровья». 111024, Россия, Москва, ул. 2-я Кабельная, д. 2, стр. 25;
3 ФГБУ Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии ФМБА России. 105077, Россия, Москва, ул. 11-я Парковая, д. 32
*mbubnova@gnicpm.ru
________________________________________________
1 State Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 101990, Russian Federation, Moscow, Petroverigsky per., d. 10, str. 3;
2 Nordic Health Center. 111024, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. 2-ia Kabel’naia, d. 2, str. 25;
3 Research Institute of pulmonology FMBA of Russia. 105077, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. 11-ia Parkovaia, d. 32
*mbubnova@gnicpm.ru
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