Современные возможности изменения образа жизни и терапии статинами в профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний
Современные возможности изменения образа жизни и терапии статинами в профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний
Бубнова М.Г. Современные возможности изменения образа жизни и терапии статинами в профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. CardioСоматика. 2017; 8 (3): 39–48.
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Bubnova M.G. Modern opportunities for lifestyle changes and statin therapy in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiosomatics. 2017; 8 (3): 39–48.
Современные возможности изменения образа жизни и терапии статинами в профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний
Бубнова М.Г. Современные возможности изменения образа жизни и терапии статинами в профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. CardioСоматика. 2017; 8 (3): 39–48.
________________________________________________
Bubnova M.G. Modern opportunities for lifestyle changes and statin therapy in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiosomatics. 2017; 8 (3): 39–48.
Представленный обзор посвящен проблеме изменения образа жизни в первичной и вторичной профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Освещены результаты исследований, указывающих на положительное влияние отказа от курения, контроля артериального давления, массы тела и холестерина на риски развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и их осложнений. Уделено внимание принципам формирования здорового питания и повышения физической активности. Обозначены принципы назначения статинов при разной категории сердечно-сосудистого риска пациента с акцентом на новый статин – питавастатин.
The presented review concerns the problem of lifestyle changes in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The results of studies highlighting the positive effects of quitting smoking, controlling blood pressure, body weight and cholesterol on the risks of developing cardiovascular diseases and their complications are highlighted. Attention is paid to the principles of the formation of a healthy diet and increased physical activity. The principles of prescribing statins with different categories of cardiovascular risk of the patient with emphasis on the new statin – pitavastatin are indicated.
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1. Townsend N, Wilson L, Bhatnagar P et al. Cardiovascular disease in Europe: epidemiological update 2016. Eur Heart J 2016; 37 (42): 3232–45.
2. Russian Statistical Yearbook. 2016. [in Russian]
3. Brown MT, Bussell JK. Medication adherence: WHO cares? Mayo Cl in Proc 2011; 86: 304–14.
4. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. NICE Publ ic Health Guidance 25. June 2010. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ph25
5. Piepoli MF, Hoes AW, Agewall S et al. 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 2315–81. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw106.
6. Sharma S, Merghani A, Mont L. Exercise and the heart: the good, the bad, and the ugly. Eur Heart J 2015; 36: 1445–53.
7. Katzmarzyk PT, Lee IM. Sedentary behaviour and life expectancy in the USA: a cause-deleted life table analysis. BMJ Open 2012; 2: e000828.
8. Bubnova M.G., Aronov D.M. Methodic recommendations. Maintaining physical activity of those with limitations in health. Edited by S.A.Boytsov. CardioSomatics. 2016; 7 (1): 5–50. [in Russian]
9. Li Y, Hruby A, Bernstein AM et al. Saturated Fats Compared With Unsaturated Fats and Sources of Carbohydrates in Relation to Risk of Coronary Heart Disease. A Prospective Cohort Study. JACC 2015; 66 (14): 1538–48.
10. Mensink RP, Zock PL, Kester AD, Katan MB. Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: a metaanalysis of 60 controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 77: 1146–55.
11. Chinen I, Shimabukuro M, Yamakawa K et al. Vascular lipotoxicity: endothelial dysfunction via fatty-acid-induced reactive oxygen species overproduction in obese Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Endocrinology 2007; 148: 160–5.
12. Artwohl M, Lindenmair A, Sexl V et al. Different mechanisms of saturated versus polyunsaturated FFA-induced apoptosis in human endothelial cells. J Lipid Res 2008; 49: 2627–40.
13. Hu FB, Manson JA, Willett WC. Types of dietary fat and risk of coronary heart disease: a critical review. Am J Clin Nutr 2001; 20 (1): 5–19.
14. Stentz FB, Kitabchi AE. Palmitic acid-induced activation of human T-lymphocytes and aortic endothelial cells with production of insulin receptors, reactive oxygen species, cytokines, and lipid peroxidation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 346: 721–6.
15. Spigoni V, Fantuzzi F, Fontana A et al. Stearic acid at physiologic concentrations induces in vitro lipotoxicity in circulating angiogenic cells. Atherosclerosis 2017; 265: 162–71.
16. Sofi F, Abbate R, Gensini GF, Casini A. Accruing evidence on benefits of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on health: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92: 1189–96.
17. Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvado J et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet. N Engl J Med 2013; 368: 1279–90.
18. He FJ, MacGregor GA. Effect of modest salt reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Implications for public health. J Hum Hypertens 2002; 16: 761–70.
19. Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, Sutherland I. Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years’ observations on male British doctors. BMJ 2004; 328: 1519.
20. Weintraub WS, Klein LW, Seelaus PA et al. Importance of total life consumption of cigarettes as a risk factor for coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1985; 55: 669–72.
21. Waters D, Lesperance J, Gladstone P et al. Effects of cigarette smoking on the angiographic evolution of coronary atherosclerosis: a Canadian Coronary Atherosclerosis Intervention Trial (CCAIT) Substudy. Circulation 1996; 94: 614–21.
22. Hasdai D, Garratt KN, Grill DE et al. Effect of smoking status on the long-term outcome after successful percutaneous coronary revascularization. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 755–61.
23. Frey P, Waters DD, DeMicco DA. Impact of smoking on cardiovascular events in patients with coronary disease receiving contemporary medical therapy (from the Treating to New Targets [TNT] and the Incremental Decrease in End Points through Aggressive Lipid Lowering [IDEAL] trials). Am J Cardiol 2011; 107: 145–50.
24. Bubnova M.G., Aronov D.M., Krasnitskii V.B. The influence of smoking on the clinical effects of a one-year program of physical rehabilitation of patients of working age who underwent acute myocardial infarction. Cardiosomatics. 2017; 8 (2): 20–9. [in Russian]
25. Prugger Ch, Wellmann J, Heidrich J et al on behalf of the EUROASPIRE Study Group. Passive smoking and smoking cessation among Patients with coronary heart disease across Europe: results from the EUROASPIRE III survey. Eur Heart J 2014; 35: 590–8. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht538.
26. Bokeriya L.A., Aronov D.M. et al. Russian clinical guidelines. Coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with ischemic heart disease: rehabilitation and secondary prevention. Cardiosomatics. 2016; 7 (3–4): 5–71. [in Russian]
27. Gambardella J, Sardu C, Sacra C, Santulli G. Quit smoking to outsmart atherogenesis: Molecular mechanisms underlying clinical evidence. Atherosclerosis 2017; 257: 242–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis. 2016.12.010
28. De Ruyter JC, Olthof MR, Seidell JC, Katan MB. A trial of sugar-free or sugar-sweetened beverages and body weight in children. N Engl J Med 2012; 367: 1397–406.
29. Bell JA, Hamer M, Sabia S et al. The natural course of healthy obesity over 20 years. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65: 101–2.
30. Shal'nova S.A., Deev A.D., Balanova Iu.A. i dr. Dvadtsatiletnie trendy ozhireniia i arterial'noi gipertonii i ikh assotsiatsii v Rossii. Kardiovaskuliarnaia terapiia i profilaktika. 2017; 4: 4–10. [in Russian]
31. Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/ APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults JACC, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.006.
32. Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N et al. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet 2002; 360: 1903–13.
33. Wald DS, Law M, Morris JK et al. Combination therapy versus monotherapy in reducing blood pressure: meta-analysis on 11,000 participants from 42 trials. Am J Med 2009; 122: 290–300.
34. Metel'skaia V.A., Shal'nova S.A., Deev A.D. i dr. Analiz rasprostranennosti pokazatelei, kharakterizuiushchikh aterogennost' spektra lipoproteinov, u zhitelei Rossiiskoi Federatsii (po dannym issledovaniia ESSE-RF). Profilakticheskaia meditsina. 2016; 19 (1): 15–23. [in Russian]
35. Kotseva K, Wood D, De Bacquer D et al. EUROASPIRE Investigators. EUROASPIRE IV: A European Society of Cardiology survey on the lifestyle, risk factor and therapeutic management of coronary patients from 24 European countries. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2016; 23: 636–48.
36. Catapano AL, Graham I, De Backer G et al. 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias. The Task Force for the Management of Dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 2999–3058. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ ehw272.
37. Ezhov M.V., Sergienko I.V., Aronov D.M. i dr. Diagnostika i korrektsiia narushenii lipidnogo obmena s tsel'iu profilaktiki i lecheniia ateroskleroza. Rossiiskie rekomendatsii IV peresmotra. Ateroskleroz i dislipidemii. 2017; 3: 5–22. [in Russian]
38. Robinson JG, Smith B, Maheshwari N, Schrott H. Pleiotropic effects of statins: benefit beyond cholesterol reduction? A meta-regression analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1855–62.
39. Cannon CP, Blazing MA, Giugliano RP et al. Ezetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 2387–97.
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Авторы
М.Г.Бубнова
ФГБУ «Национальный медмцинский исследовательский центр профилактической медицины» Минздрава России. 101990, Россия, Москва, Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3 mbubnova@gnicpm.ru
________________________________________________
M.G.Bubnova
National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 101990, Russian Federation, Moscow, Petroverigskii per., d. 10, str. 3 mbubnova@gnicpm.ru