Способы поддержания оптимальной физической активности после реабилитации кардиологических пациентов - Научно-практический журнал Cardioсоматика Том 15, №4 (2024)

Способы поддержания оптимальной физической активности после реабилитации кардиологических пациентов

Персиянова-Дуброва А.Л., Бубнова М.Г., Аронов Д.М., Матвеева И.Ф. Способы сохранения оптимальной физической активности после реабилитации кардиологических пациентов // CardioСоматика. 2024. Т. 15, № 4. С. 354–364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/CS636684

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Persiyanova-Dubrova AL, Bubnova MG, Aronov DM, Matveeva IF. Maintaining optimal physical activity of patients following cardiac rehabilitation. CardioSomatics. 2024;15(4):354–364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/CS636684

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Аннотация

Физическая активность (ФА) — важный компонент вторичной профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. ФА обладает кардиопротективным действием и оказывает благоприятное прогностическое влияние. Повышенный уровень ФА связан с более низким коронарным риском и снижением общей смертности у пациентов, перенёсших инфаркт миокарда. Однако достигнутые во время кардиореабилитации оптимальные уровни ФА после её завершения постепенно снижаются. Для поддержания ФА пациентов после завершения программы кардиореабилитации применяются различные стратегии, в том числе мотивационные. Актуальным также становится проведение реабилитационных мероприятий дистанционно — с помощью современных цифровых технологий. В обзоре литературы обсуждаются результаты исследований, оценивающих эффективность различных мер, направленных на повышение и поддержание ФА у кардиологических больных, приводятся теоретические и практические аспекты их применения, обозначаются темы для дальнейших исследований.

Ключевые слова: кардиореабилитация, вторичная профилактика, физическая активность, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания

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Physical activity (PA) is an important component of secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. PA has a cardioprotective effect and improves the prognosis. Increased PA is associated with a lower coronary risk and decreased overall mortality in patients with a history of myocardial infarction. However, optimal PA achieved during cardiac rehabilitation gradually decreases afterward. Various strategies, including motivational, are used to maintain patients’ PA after cardiac rehabilitation program. Remote rehabilitation using modern digital technologies is also becoming more popular. This literature review discusses studies of the effectiveness of various measures to improve and maintain PA in cardiac patients, provides theoretical and practical considerations, and identifies topics for further researches.

Keywords: cardiac rehabilitation, secondary prevention, physical activity, cardiovascular diseases

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Список литературы

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3. Ekblom O, Ek A, Cider A, et al. Increased physical activity post‑myocardial infarction is related to reduced mortality: results from the SWEDEHEART registry. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7:e010108. doi: 10.1161/jaha.118.010108
4. Cha Lönn A, Börjesson M, Hambraeus K, et al. Changes in Physical Activity and Incidence of Nonfatal Cardiovascular Events in 47 153 Survivors of Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12(20):e030583. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.030583
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7. Arrigo I, Brunner-LaRocca H, Lefkovits M, et al. Comparative outcome one year after formal cardiac rehabilitation: the effects of a randomized intervention to improve exercise adherence. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2008;15(3):306–11. doi: 10.1097/HJR.0b013e3282f40e01
8. Kotseva K, De Backer G, De Bacquer D, et al. Lifestyle and impact on cardiovascular risk factor control in coronary patients across 27 countries: results from the European Society of cardiology ESC‑EORP EUROASPIRE V registry. Eur J Prev Cardiolog. 2019;26:824–35. doi: 10.1177/2047487318825350
9. Kotseva K, De Bacquer D, Jennings C, et al. Time trends in lifestyle, risk factor control, and use of evidence-based medications in patients with coronary heart disease in Europe: results from 3 EUROASPIRE surveys, 1999–2013. Glob Heart. 2017;12:315–322. doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2015.11.003
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35. Poudel N, Kavookjian J, Scalese MJ. Motivational Interviewing as a Strategy to Impact Outcomes in Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review. Patient. 2020;13(1):43–55. doi: 10.1007/s40271-019-00387-6
36. Janssen V, De Gucht V, van Exel H, Maes S. Beyond resolutions? A randomized controlled trial of a self-regulation lifestyle programme for post-cardiac rehabilitation patients. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2013;20:431–441. doi: 10.1177/2047487312441728
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Авторы

А.Л. Персиянова-Дуброва*, М.Г. Бубнова, Д.М. Аронов, И.Ф. Матвеева

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины, Москва, Россия
*apersiyanova@gnicpm.ru

________________________________________________

Anna L. Persiyanova-Dubrova*, Marina G. Bubnova, David M. Aronov, Inna F. Matveeva

National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia
*apersiyanova@gnicpm.ru

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