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Эффекты малобелковой диеты у больных хронической болезнью почек
Эффекты малобелковой диеты у больных хронической болезнью почек
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Полный текст
Список литературы
1. Diamond JR. Effects of dietary interventions on glomerular pathophysiology. Am J Physiol 1990; 258: F1–8.
2. Premen AJ. Potential mechanisms mediating postprandial renal hyperemia and hyperfiltration. FASEB J 1988; 2: 131–7.
3. Mauer SM, Steffes MW, Azar S et al. Effects of dietary protein content in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Kidney Int 1989; 35: 48–59.
4. Brenner BM. Nephron adaptation to renal injury or ablation. Am J Physiol 1985; 249: F324–37.
5. Hostetter TH, Olson JL, Rennke HG et al. Hyperfiltra-tion in remnant nephrons: a potentially adverse response to renal ablation. Am J Physiol 1981; 241: F85–93.
6. Kleinknecht C, Salusky I, Broyer M et al. Effect of various protein diets on growth, renal function, and survival of uremic rats. Kidney Int. 1979; 15: 534–41.
7. Hadj-Aissa A, Bankir L, Fraysse M et al. Influence of the level of hydration on the renal response to a protein meal. Kidney Int. 1992; 42: 1207–16.
8. Hostetter TH, Meyer TW, Rennke HG et al. Chronic effects of dietary protein in the rat with intact and reduced renal mass. Kidney Int. 1986; 30: 509–17.
9. Nath KA, Kren SM, Hostetter TH. Dietary protein restriction in established renal injury in the rat. Selective role of glomerular capillary pressure in progressive glomerular dysfunction. J Clin Invest 1986; 78: 1199–205.
10. El-Nahas AM, Paraskevakou H, Zoob S et al. Effect of dietary protein restriction on the development of renal failure after subtotal nephrectomy in rats. Clin Sci (Lond) 1983; 65: 399–406.
11. Kenner CH, Evan AP, Blomgren P et al. Effect of protein intake on renal function and structure in partially nephrectomized rats. Kidney Int. 1985; 27: 739–50.
12. Harris DC, Tay C. Altered metabolism in the ex vivo remnant kidney. II. Effects of metabolic inhibitors and dietary protein. Nephron 1993; 64: 417–23.
13. Bankir L, Kriz W. Adaptation of the kidney to protein intake and to urine concentrating activity: similar consequences in health and CRF. Kidney Int. 1995; 47: 7–24.
14. Jarusiripipat C, Shapiro JI, Chan L et al. Reduction of remnant nephron hypermetabolism by protein restriction. Am J Kidney Dis 1991; 18: 367–74.
15. Wiseman MJ, Hunt R, Goodwin A et al. Dietary composition and renal function in healthy subjects. Nephron 1987; 46: 37–42.
16. Soroka N, Silverberg DS, Greemland M et al. Comparison of a vegetable-based (soya) and an animal-based low-protein diet in predialysis chronic renal failure patients. Nephron 1998; 79: 173–80.
17. Williams AJ, Baker F, Walls J. Effect of varying quantity and quality of dietary protein intake in experimental renal disease in rats. Nephron 1987; 46: 83–90.
18. Nakayama M, Okuda S, Tamaki K et al. Short- or long-term effects of a low-protein diet on fibronectin and transforming growth factor-beta synthesis in Adriamycin-induced nephropathy. J Lab Clin Med 1996; 127: 29–39.
19. Peters H, Border WA, Noble NA. Angiotensin II blockade and low-protein diet produce additive therapeutic effects in experimental glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int 2000; 57: 1493–501.
20. Wang S, Denichilo M, Brubaker C et al. Connective tissue growth factor in tubulointerstitial injury of diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int 2001; 60: 96–105.
21. Dixon R, Brunskill NJ. Activation of mitogenic pathways by albumin in kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells: implications for the pathophysiology of proteinuric states. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 1487–97.
22. Thomas ME, Brunskill NJ, Harris KP et al. Proteinuria induces tubular cell turnover: a potential mechanism for tubular atrophy. Kidney Int. 1999; 55: 890–8.
23. Aparicio M, Bouchet JL, Gin H et al. Effect of a low-protein diet on urinary albumin excretion in uremic patients. Nephron 1988; 50: 288–91.
24. Munro HN, McGandy RB, Hartz SC et al. Protein nutriture of a group of free-living elderly. Am J Clin Nutr 1987; 46: 586–92.
25. Kopple JD, Greene T, Chumlea WC et al. Relationship between nutritional status and the glomerular filtration rate: results from the MDRD study. Kidney Int 2000; 57: 1688–703.
26. Ikizler TA, Greene JH, Wingard RL et al. Spontaneous dietary protein intake during progression of chronic renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 1995; 6: 1386–91.
27. Pollock CA, Ibels LS, Zhu FY et al. Protein intake in renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 1997; 8: 777–83.
28. Garg AX, Blake PG, Clark WF et al. Association between renal insufficiency and malnutrition in older adults: results from the NHANES III. Kidney Int 2001; 60: 1867–74.
29. Aparicio M, Chauveau P, De Precigout V et al. Nutrition and outcome on renal replacement therapy of patients with chronic renal failure treated by a supplemented very low protein diet. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11: 708–16.
30. Mitch WE, Walser M, Steinman TI et al. The effect of a keto acid-amino acid supplement to a restricted diet on the progression of chronic renal failure. N Engl J Med 1984; 311: 623–9.
31. Walser M, Hill S. Can renal replacement be deferred by a supplemented very low protein diet? J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 110–6.
32. Kopple JD. The National Kidney Foundation K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for dietary protein intake for chronic dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 38: S68–73.
33. Rigalleau V, Blanchetier V, Combe C et al. A low-protein diet improves insulin sensitivity of endogenous glucose production in predialytic uremic patients. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 65: 1512–6.
34. Gin H, Combe C, Rigalleau V et al. Effects of a low-protein, low-phosphorus diet on metabolic insulin clearance in patients with chronic renal failure. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 59: 663–6.
35. Rigalleau V, Baillet L, Lasseur C et al. Splanchnic tissues play a crucial role in uremic glucose intolerance. J Ren Nutr 2003; 13: 212–8.
36. Aparicio M, Gin H, Merville P et al. Parathormone activity and rate of progression of chronic renal failure in patients on low-protein diet. Nephron 1990; 56: 333–4.
37. Aparicio M, Lafage MH, Combe C et al. Low-protein diet and renal osteodystrophy. Nephron 1991; 58: 250–2.
38. Lindenau K, Abendroth K, Kokot F et al. Therapeutic effect of keto acids on renal osteodystrophy. A prospective controlled study. Nephron 1990; 55: 133-5.
39. Bernard S, Fouque D, Laville M et al. Effects of low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids on plasma lipids in adult chronic renal failure. Miner Electrolyte Metab 1996; 22: 143–6.
40. Peuchant E, Delmas-Beauvieux MC, Dubourg L et al. Antioxidant effects of a supplemented very low protein diet in chronic renal failure. Free Radic Biol Med 1997; 22: 313–20.
41. Kaysen GA, Gambertoglio J, Jimenez I et al. Effect of dietary protein intake on albumin homeostasis in nephrotic patients. Kidney Int. 1986; 29: 572–7.
42. Gansevoort RT, de Zeeuw D, de Jong PE. Additive antiproteinuric effect of ACE inhibition and a low-protein diet in human renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995; 10: 497–504.
43. Ruilope LM, Casal MC, Praga M et al. Additive anti-proteinuric effect of converting enzyme inhibition and a low protein intake. J Am Soc Nephrol 1992; 3: 1307–11.
44. Jafar TH, Stark PC, Schmid CH et al. Proteinuria as a modifiable risk factor for the progression of non-diabetic renal disease. Kidney Int. 2001; 60: 1131–40.
45. Ruggenenti P, Perna A, Remuzzi G. Retarding progression of chronic renal disease: the neglected issue of residual proteinuria. Kidney Int. 2003; 63: 2254–61.
46. Bellizzi V, Di Iorio BR, De Nicola L et al. Very low protein diet supplemented with ketoanalogs improves blood pressure control in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2007; 71: 245–51.
47. Elliott P, Stamler J, Dyer AR et al. Association between protein intake and blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study. Arch Intern Med 2006; 166: 79–87.
48. Kopple JD, Berg R, Houser H et al. Nutritional status of patients with different levels of chronic renal insufficiency. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study Group. Kidney Int Suppl 1989; 27: S184–94.
49. Chauveau P, Barthe N, Rigalleau V et al. Outcome of nutritional status and body composition of uremic patients on a very low protein diet. Am J Kidney Dis 1999; 34: 500–7.
50. Coresh J, Walser M, Hill S. Survival on dialysis among chronic renal failure patients treated with a supplemented low-protein diet before dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1995; 6: 1379–85.
51. Masud T, Manatunga A, Cotsonis G et al. The precision of estimating protein intake of patients with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 2002; 62: 1750–6.
52. Bernhard J, Beaufrere B, Laville M et al. Adaptive response to a low-protein diet in predialysis chronic renal failure patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12: 1249–54.
53. Kopple JD, Levey AS, Greene T et al. Effect of dietary protein restriction on nutritional status in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study. Kidney Int. 1997; 52: 778–91.
54. Aparicio M, Chauveau P, Combe C. Low protein diets and outcome of renal patients. J Nephrol 2001; 14: 433–9.
55. Walser M, Mitch WE, Maroni BJ et al. Should protein intake be restricted in predialysis patients? Kidney Int 1999; 55: 771–7.
56. Combe C, Deforges-Lasseur C, Caix J et al. Compliance and effects of nutritional treatment on progression and metabolic disorders of chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1993; 8: 412–8.
57. Rosman JB, Langer K, Brandl M et al. Protein-restricted diets in chronic renal failure: a four year follow-up shows limited indications. Kidney Int Suppl 1989; 27: S96–102.
58. Jungers P, Chauveau P, Ployard F et al. Comparison of ketoacids and low protein diet on advanced chronic renal failure progression. Kidney Int Suppl 1987; 22: S67–71.
59. Williams PS, Stevens ME, Fass G et al. Failure of dietary protein and phosphate restriction to retard the rate of progression of chronic renal failure: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. QJM 1991; 81: 837–55.
60. Ihle BU, Becker GJ, Whitworth JA et al. The effect of protein restriction on the progression of renal insufficiency. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 1773–7.
61. Locatelli F, Alberti D, Graziani G et al. Prospective, randomised, multicentre trial of effect of protein restriction on progression of chronic renal insufficiency. Northern Italian Cooperative Study Group. Lancet 1991; 337: 1299–304.
62. Klahr S, Levey AS, Beck GJ et al. The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 877–84.
63. Malvy D, Maingourd C, Pengloan J et al. Effects of severe protein restriction with ketoanalogues in advanced renal failure. J Am Coll Nutr 1999; 18: 481–6.
64. Di Iorio BR, Minutolo R, De Nicola L et al. Supplemented very low protein diet ameliorates responsiveness to erythropoietin in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 2003; 64: 1822–8.
65. Fouque D, Laville M, Boissel JP et al. Controlled low protein diets in chronic renal insufficiency: meta-analysis. BMJ 1992; 304: 216–20.
66. Pedrini MT, Levey AS, Lau J et al. The effect of dietary protein restriction on the progression of diabetic and nondiabetic renal diseases: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 627–32.
67. Kasiske BL, Lakatua JD, Ma JZ et al. A meta-analysis of the effects of dietary protein restriction on the rate of decline in renal function. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 31: 954–61.
68. Fouque D, Laville M, Boissel JP. Low protein diets for chronic kidney disease in non diabetic adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; 2: CD001892.
69. Rosman JB, ter Wee PM, Meijer S et al. Prospective randomised trial of early dietary protein restriction in chronic renal failure. Lancet 1984; 2: 1291–6.
70. Levey AS, Greene T, Beck GJ et al. Dietary protein restriction and the progression of chronic renal disease: what have all of the results of the MDRD study shown? Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study group. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 2426–39.
71. Fouque D, Wang P, Laville M et al. Low protein diets delay end-stage renal disease in non-diabetic adults with chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15: 1986–92.
72. Fouque D, Guebre-Egziabher F. Do low-protein diets work in chronic kidney disease patients? Seminars in Nephrology 2009; 29 (1): 30–8.
2. Premen AJ. Potential mechanisms mediating postprandial renal hyperemia and hyperfiltration. FASEB J 1988; 2: 131–7.
3. Mauer SM, Steffes MW, Azar S et al. Effects of dietary protein content in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Kidney Int 1989; 35: 48–59.
4. Brenner BM. Nephron adaptation to renal injury or ablation. Am J Physiol 1985; 249: F324–37.
5. Hostetter TH, Olson JL, Rennke HG et al. Hyperfiltra-tion in remnant nephrons: a potentially adverse response to renal ablation. Am J Physiol 1981; 241: F85–93.
6. Kleinknecht C, Salusky I, Broyer M et al. Effect of various protein diets on growth, renal function, and survival of uremic rats. Kidney Int. 1979; 15: 534–41.
7. Hadj-Aissa A, Bankir L, Fraysse M et al. Influence of the level of hydration on the renal response to a protein meal. Kidney Int. 1992; 42: 1207–16.
8. Hostetter TH, Meyer TW, Rennke HG et al. Chronic effects of dietary protein in the rat with intact and reduced renal mass. Kidney Int. 1986; 30: 509–17.
9. Nath KA, Kren SM, Hostetter TH. Dietary protein restriction in established renal injury in the rat. Selective role of glomerular capillary pressure in progressive glomerular dysfunction. J Clin Invest 1986; 78: 1199–205.
10. El-Nahas AM, Paraskevakou H, Zoob S et al. Effect of dietary protein restriction on the development of renal failure after subtotal nephrectomy in rats. Clin Sci (Lond) 1983; 65: 399–406.
11. Kenner CH, Evan AP, Blomgren P et al. Effect of protein intake on renal function and structure in partially nephrectomized rats. Kidney Int. 1985; 27: 739–50.
12. Harris DC, Tay C. Altered metabolism in the ex vivo remnant kidney. II. Effects of metabolic inhibitors and dietary protein. Nephron 1993; 64: 417–23.
13. Bankir L, Kriz W. Adaptation of the kidney to protein intake and to urine concentrating activity: similar consequences in health and CRF. Kidney Int. 1995; 47: 7–24.
14. Jarusiripipat C, Shapiro JI, Chan L et al. Reduction of remnant nephron hypermetabolism by protein restriction. Am J Kidney Dis 1991; 18: 367–74.
15. Wiseman MJ, Hunt R, Goodwin A et al. Dietary composition and renal function in healthy subjects. Nephron 1987; 46: 37–42.
16. Soroka N, Silverberg DS, Greemland M et al. Comparison of a vegetable-based (soya) and an animal-based low-protein diet in predialysis chronic renal failure patients. Nephron 1998; 79: 173–80.
17. Williams AJ, Baker F, Walls J. Effect of varying quantity and quality of dietary protein intake in experimental renal disease in rats. Nephron 1987; 46: 83–90.
18. Nakayama M, Okuda S, Tamaki K et al. Short- or long-term effects of a low-protein diet on fibronectin and transforming growth factor-beta synthesis in Adriamycin-induced nephropathy. J Lab Clin Med 1996; 127: 29–39.
19. Peters H, Border WA, Noble NA. Angiotensin II blockade and low-protein diet produce additive therapeutic effects in experimental glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int 2000; 57: 1493–501.
20. Wang S, Denichilo M, Brubaker C et al. Connective tissue growth factor in tubulointerstitial injury of diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int 2001; 60: 96–105.
21. Dixon R, Brunskill NJ. Activation of mitogenic pathways by albumin in kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells: implications for the pathophysiology of proteinuric states. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 1487–97.
22. Thomas ME, Brunskill NJ, Harris KP et al. Proteinuria induces tubular cell turnover: a potential mechanism for tubular atrophy. Kidney Int. 1999; 55: 890–8.
23. Aparicio M, Bouchet JL, Gin H et al. Effect of a low-protein diet on urinary albumin excretion in uremic patients. Nephron 1988; 50: 288–91.
24. Munro HN, McGandy RB, Hartz SC et al. Protein nutriture of a group of free-living elderly. Am J Clin Nutr 1987; 46: 586–92.
25. Kopple JD, Greene T, Chumlea WC et al. Relationship between nutritional status and the glomerular filtration rate: results from the MDRD study. Kidney Int 2000; 57: 1688–703.
26. Ikizler TA, Greene JH, Wingard RL et al. Spontaneous dietary protein intake during progression of chronic renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 1995; 6: 1386–91.
27. Pollock CA, Ibels LS, Zhu FY et al. Protein intake in renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 1997; 8: 777–83.
28. Garg AX, Blake PG, Clark WF et al. Association between renal insufficiency and malnutrition in older adults: results from the NHANES III. Kidney Int 2001; 60: 1867–74.
29. Aparicio M, Chauveau P, De Precigout V et al. Nutrition and outcome on renal replacement therapy of patients with chronic renal failure treated by a supplemented very low protein diet. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11: 708–16.
30. Mitch WE, Walser M, Steinman TI et al. The effect of a keto acid-amino acid supplement to a restricted diet on the progression of chronic renal failure. N Engl J Med 1984; 311: 623–9.
31. Walser M, Hill S. Can renal replacement be deferred by a supplemented very low protein diet? J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 110–6.
32. Kopple JD. The National Kidney Foundation K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for dietary protein intake for chronic dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 38: S68–73.
33. Rigalleau V, Blanchetier V, Combe C et al. A low-protein diet improves insulin sensitivity of endogenous glucose production in predialytic uremic patients. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 65: 1512–6.
34. Gin H, Combe C, Rigalleau V et al. Effects of a low-protein, low-phosphorus diet on metabolic insulin clearance in patients with chronic renal failure. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 59: 663–6.
35. Rigalleau V, Baillet L, Lasseur C et al. Splanchnic tissues play a crucial role in uremic glucose intolerance. J Ren Nutr 2003; 13: 212–8.
36. Aparicio M, Gin H, Merville P et al. Parathormone activity and rate of progression of chronic renal failure in patients on low-protein diet. Nephron 1990; 56: 333–4.
37. Aparicio M, Lafage MH, Combe C et al. Low-protein diet and renal osteodystrophy. Nephron 1991; 58: 250–2.
38. Lindenau K, Abendroth K, Kokot F et al. Therapeutic effect of keto acids on renal osteodystrophy. A prospective controlled study. Nephron 1990; 55: 133-5.
39. Bernard S, Fouque D, Laville M et al. Effects of low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids on plasma lipids in adult chronic renal failure. Miner Electrolyte Metab 1996; 22: 143–6.
40. Peuchant E, Delmas-Beauvieux MC, Dubourg L et al. Antioxidant effects of a supplemented very low protein diet in chronic renal failure. Free Radic Biol Med 1997; 22: 313–20.
41. Kaysen GA, Gambertoglio J, Jimenez I et al. Effect of dietary protein intake on albumin homeostasis in nephrotic patients. Kidney Int. 1986; 29: 572–7.
42. Gansevoort RT, de Zeeuw D, de Jong PE. Additive antiproteinuric effect of ACE inhibition and a low-protein diet in human renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995; 10: 497–504.
43. Ruilope LM, Casal MC, Praga M et al. Additive anti-proteinuric effect of converting enzyme inhibition and a low protein intake. J Am Soc Nephrol 1992; 3: 1307–11.
44. Jafar TH, Stark PC, Schmid CH et al. Proteinuria as a modifiable risk factor for the progression of non-diabetic renal disease. Kidney Int. 2001; 60: 1131–40.
45. Ruggenenti P, Perna A, Remuzzi G. Retarding progression of chronic renal disease: the neglected issue of residual proteinuria. Kidney Int. 2003; 63: 2254–61.
46. Bellizzi V, Di Iorio BR, De Nicola L et al. Very low protein diet supplemented with ketoanalogs improves blood pressure control in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2007; 71: 245–51.
47. Elliott P, Stamler J, Dyer AR et al. Association between protein intake and blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study. Arch Intern Med 2006; 166: 79–87.
48. Kopple JD, Berg R, Houser H et al. Nutritional status of patients with different levels of chronic renal insufficiency. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study Group. Kidney Int Suppl 1989; 27: S184–94.
49. Chauveau P, Barthe N, Rigalleau V et al. Outcome of nutritional status and body composition of uremic patients on a very low protein diet. Am J Kidney Dis 1999; 34: 500–7.
50. Coresh J, Walser M, Hill S. Survival on dialysis among chronic renal failure patients treated with a supplemented low-protein diet before dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1995; 6: 1379–85.
51. Masud T, Manatunga A, Cotsonis G et al. The precision of estimating protein intake of patients with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 2002; 62: 1750–6.
52. Bernhard J, Beaufrere B, Laville M et al. Adaptive response to a low-protein diet in predialysis chronic renal failure patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12: 1249–54.
53. Kopple JD, Levey AS, Greene T et al. Effect of dietary protein restriction on nutritional status in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study. Kidney Int. 1997; 52: 778–91.
54. Aparicio M, Chauveau P, Combe C. Low protein diets and outcome of renal patients. J Nephrol 2001; 14: 433–9.
55. Walser M, Mitch WE, Maroni BJ et al. Should protein intake be restricted in predialysis patients? Kidney Int 1999; 55: 771–7.
56. Combe C, Deforges-Lasseur C, Caix J et al. Compliance and effects of nutritional treatment on progression and metabolic disorders of chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1993; 8: 412–8.
57. Rosman JB, Langer K, Brandl M et al. Protein-restricted diets in chronic renal failure: a four year follow-up shows limited indications. Kidney Int Suppl 1989; 27: S96–102.
58. Jungers P, Chauveau P, Ployard F et al. Comparison of ketoacids and low protein diet on advanced chronic renal failure progression. Kidney Int Suppl 1987; 22: S67–71.
59. Williams PS, Stevens ME, Fass G et al. Failure of dietary protein and phosphate restriction to retard the rate of progression of chronic renal failure: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. QJM 1991; 81: 837–55.
60. Ihle BU, Becker GJ, Whitworth JA et al. The effect of protein restriction on the progression of renal insufficiency. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 1773–7.
61. Locatelli F, Alberti D, Graziani G et al. Prospective, randomised, multicentre trial of effect of protein restriction on progression of chronic renal insufficiency. Northern Italian Cooperative Study Group. Lancet 1991; 337: 1299–304.
62. Klahr S, Levey AS, Beck GJ et al. The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 877–84.
63. Malvy D, Maingourd C, Pengloan J et al. Effects of severe protein restriction with ketoanalogues in advanced renal failure. J Am Coll Nutr 1999; 18: 481–6.
64. Di Iorio BR, Minutolo R, De Nicola L et al. Supplemented very low protein diet ameliorates responsiveness to erythropoietin in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 2003; 64: 1822–8.
65. Fouque D, Laville M, Boissel JP et al. Controlled low protein diets in chronic renal insufficiency: meta-analysis. BMJ 1992; 304: 216–20.
66. Pedrini MT, Levey AS, Lau J et al. The effect of dietary protein restriction on the progression of diabetic and nondiabetic renal diseases: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 627–32.
67. Kasiske BL, Lakatua JD, Ma JZ et al. A meta-analysis of the effects of dietary protein restriction on the rate of decline in renal function. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 31: 954–61.
68. Fouque D, Laville M, Boissel JP. Low protein diets for chronic kidney disease in non diabetic adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; 2: CD001892.
69. Rosman JB, ter Wee PM, Meijer S et al. Prospective randomised trial of early dietary protein restriction in chronic renal failure. Lancet 1984; 2: 1291–6.
70. Levey AS, Greene T, Beck GJ et al. Dietary protein restriction and the progression of chronic renal disease: what have all of the results of the MDRD study shown? Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study group. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 2426–39.
71. Fouque D, Wang P, Laville M et al. Low protein diets delay end-stage renal disease in non-diabetic adults with chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15: 1986–92.
72. Fouque D, Guebre-Egziabher F. Do low-protein diets work in chronic kidney disease patients? Seminars in Nephrology 2009; 29 (1): 30–8.
Авторы
В.М.Ермоленко
Цель портала OmniDoctor – предоставление профессиональной информации врачам, провизорам и фармацевтам.
