1. Thaler H. Fatty liver, its causes and concomitant diseases. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1962; 87: 1049–55.
2. Thaler H. The fatty liver and its pathogenetic relation to liver cirrhosis. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat Physiol Klin Med 1962; 335: 180–210.
3. Ludwig J, Viggiano TR, McGill DB, Oh BJ. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease. Mayo Clin Proc 1980; 55: 434–8.
4. Adams LA, Lymp JF, St SJ et al. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study. Gastroenterology 2005; 129: 113–21.
5. Liou I, Kowdley KV. Natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2006; 40: S11–6.
6. Bedogni G, Miglioli L, Masutti F et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the Dionysos nutrition and liver study. Hepatology 2005; 42: 44–52.
7. Grattagliano I, Portincasa P, Palmieri VO, Palasciano G. Managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Can Fam Physician 2007; 53: 857–63.
8. Shneider BL, Gonzalez-Peralta R, Roberts EA. Controversies in the management of pediatric liver disease: Hepatitis B, C and NAFLD: Summary of a single topic conference. Hepatology 2006; 44: 1344–54.
9. Matthiessen J, Velsing Groth M, Fagt S et al. Prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Denmark. Scand J Public Health 2008; 36: 153–60.
10. Petersen KF, Dufour S, Hariri A et al. Apolipoprotein C3 gene variants in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 362: 1082–9.
11. Day CP, James OF. Steatohepatitis: a tale of two «hits»? Gastroenterology 1998; 114: 842–5.
12. Marchesini G, Bugianesi E, Forlani G et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver, steatohepatitis, and the metabolic syndrome. Hepatology 2003; 37: 917–23.
13. Pacifico L, Cantisani V, Ricci P et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and carotid atherosclerosis in children. Pediatr Res 2008; 63: 423–7.
14. Schwimmer JB, Pardee PE, Lavine JE et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Circulation 2008; 118: 277–83.
15. Ramilli S, Pretolani S, Muscari A et al. Carotid lesions in outpatients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15: 4770–4.
16. Shiotani A, Motoyama M, Matsuda T, Miyanishi T. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in Japanese University students. Internal Medicine 2005; 44: 696–701.
17. Matteoni CA, Younossi ZM, Gramlich T et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity. Gastroenterology 1999; 116: 1413–9.
18. Dunn W, Xu R, Wingard DL et al. Suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and mortality risk in a population-based cohort study. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 2263–71.
19. Ong JP, Pitts A, Younossi ZM. Increased overall mortality and liverrelated mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2008; 49: 608–12.
20. Sanyal AJ. AGA technical review on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 2002; 123: 1705–25.
21. American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 2002; 123: 1702–4.
22. Huang MA, Greenson JK, Chao C et al. One-year intense nutritional counseling results in histological improvement in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study. Am J Gastroenterol 2005; 100: 1072–81.
23. Benjaminov O, Beglaibter N, Gindy L et al. The effect of a low-carbohydrate diet on the nonalcoholic fatty liver in morbidly obese patients before bariatric surgery. Surg Endosc 2007; 21: 1423–7.
24. Sabuncu T, Nazligul Y, Karaoglanoglu M et al. The effects of sibutramine and orlistat on the ultrasonographic findings, insulin resistance and liver enzyme levels in obese patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Rom J Gastroenterol 2003; 12: 189–92.
25. Sanyal AJ, Mofrad PS, Contos MJ et al. A pilot study of vitamin E versus vitamin E and pioglitazone for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 2: 1107–15.
26. Yokohama S, Yoneda M, Haneda M et al. Therapeutic efficacy of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2004; 40: 1222–5.
27. Yokohama S, Nakamura K, Haneda M. Clinical utility of angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Nippon Rinsho 2006; 64: 1152–6.
28. Yokohama S, Tokusashi Y, Nakamura K et al. Inhibitory effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonist on hepatic stellate cell activation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12: 322–6.
29. Laurin J, Lindor KD, Crippin JS et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid or clofibrate in the treatment of non-alcohol induced steatohepatitis: a pilot study. Hepatology 1996; 23: 1464–7.
30. Basaranoglu M, Acbay O, Sonsuz A. A controlled trial of gemfibrozil in the treatment of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (letter). J Hepatol 1999; 31: 384.
31. Lewis JH, Mortensen ME, Zweig S et al. Efficacy and safety of highdose pravastatin in hypercholesterolemic patients with well-compensated chronic liver disease: Results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Hepatology 2007; 46: 1453–63.
32. Athyros VG, Mikhailidis DP, Didangelos TP et al. Effect of multifactorial treatment on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in metabolic syndrome: a randomised study. Curr Med Res Opin 2006; 22: 873–83.
33. Chalasani N, Aljadhey H, Kesterson J et al. Patients with elevated liver enzymes are not at higher risk for statin hepatotoxicity. Gastroenterology 2004; 126: 1287–92.
34. Vuppalanchi R, Teal E, Chalasani N. Patients with elevated baseline liver enzymes do not have higher frequency of hepatotoxicity from lovastatin than those with normal baseline liver enzymes. Am J Med Sci 2005; 329: 62–5.
35. Alsheikh-Ali A, Maddukuri PV, Han H et al. Effect of the magnitude of lipid lowering on risk of elevated liver enzymes, rhabdomyolysis, and cancer: insights from large randomized statin trials. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50: 409–18.
36. Bays H. Statin safety: an overview and assessment of the data – 2005. Am J Cardiol 2006; 97: 6C–26C.
37. Kapur NK, Musunuru K. Clinical efficacy and safety of statins in managing cardiovascular risk. Vascular Health and Risk Management 2008; 4 (2): 341–53.
38. Law M, Rudnicka AR. Statin safety: a systematic review. Am J Cardiol 2006; 97: 52C–60C.
39. Cohen DE, Anania FA, Chalasani N. An assessment of statin safety by hepatologists. Am J Cardiol 2006; 97 (Suppl. 8A): 77C–81C.
40. Nozaki Y, Fujita K, Yoneda M et al. Long-term combination therapy of ezetimibe and acarbose for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2009; 51: 548–56.
41. Harrison SA, Torgerson S, Hayashi P et al. Vitamin E and vitamin C treatment improves fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2003; 98: 2485–90.
42. Lirussi F, Mastropasqua E, Orando S, Orlando R. Probiotics for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007; CD005165.
43.
Lindor KD, Kowdley KV, Heathcote EJ et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a randomized trial. Hepatology 2004; 39: 770–8.
44. Dufour JF, Oneta CM, Gonvers JJ et al. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid with vitamin E in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 4: 1537–43.
45. Leuschner F, Wagener HH, Neumann B. The anti-hyperlipemic and anti-atherogenic effect of «essential» phospholipids: a pharmacologic trial. Arzneimittelforschung 1976; 26: 1743–72.
46. W?jcicki J, Dutkiewicz T, Gieldanowski J et al. Essential phospholipids modify immunological functions and reduce experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits. Atherosclerosis 1992; 93: 7–16.
47. Pristautz H. The therapeutic value of «Essential» phospholipids. MMW Munch Med Wochenschr 1975; 117: 583–6.
48. Белоусова С.С., Богословская С.И., Силагина Л.М. Уровень липопротеидов в плазме крови и функциональное состояние тромбоцитов у больных ишемической болезнью сердца при терапии эссенциальными фосфолипидами. Кардиология. 1985; 9: 112–5.
49. Серкова В.К. Динамика липидов крови, показателей перекисного окисления липидов и энергетического обмена под влиянием эссенциале у больных ишемической болезнью сердца. Клин. мед. 1986; 7: 91–5.
50. Колодин В.А., Гасилин В.С., Докучаева Е.А. и др. Возможности кардиолога поликлиники в лечении гиперлипопротеидемий у мужчин с факторами риска ишемической болезни сердца. Кардиология. 1987; 9: 48–50.
51. Ботолова Е.Н., Соловьев В.В., Озерова И.Н. и др. Влияние эссенциальных фосфолипидов на липидный спектр плазмы крови и агрегационную способность тромбоцитов у больных ишемической болезнью сердца. Кардиология. 1988; 9: 57–61.
52. Klimov AN, Konstantinov VO, Lipovetsky BM et al. «Essential» phospholipids versus nicotinic acid in the treatment of patients with type IIb hyperlipoproteinemia and ischemic heart disease. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1995; 9: 779–84.
53. Shirouchi B, Nagao K, Inoue N et al. Effect of dietary omega 3 phosphatidylcholine on obesity-related disorders in obese Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats. J Agric Food Chem 2007; 55: 7170–6.
54. Polichetti E, Janisson A, de la Porte PL et al. Dietary polyenylphosphatidylcholine decreases cholesterolemia in hypercholesterolemic rabbits: role of the hepato-biliary axis. Life Sci 2000; 67: 2563–76.
55. Buang Y, Wang YM, Cha JY et al. Dietary phosphatidylcholine alleviates fatty liver induced by orotic acid. Nutrition 2005; 21: 867–73.
56. Ткач С.М. Распространенность, течение, диагностика и стратегии лечения неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. Здоров'я Украины. 2009; 1–2: 63–5.
Авторы
П.П.Малышев, К.В.Иванова
ФГУ РК НПК Минздравсоцразвития, Институт клинической кардиологии им. А.Л.Мясникова, Москва