1. Berger RE, Alexander E.R, Harnisch Paulsen CA et al. Etiology, anifestations and therapy of acute epididymitis: prospective study of 50 cases. J Urol 1979; 121: 750–4.
2. Hawkins DA, Taylor-Robinson D, Thomas BJ, Harris JRW. Microbiological survey of acute epididymitis. Genitourin Med 1986; 62: 342–4.
3. Hoosen AA, O'Farrell N, van de Ende J. Microbiology of acute epididymitis in a developing community. Genitourin Med 1993; 69: 361–3.
4. Hori S, Tsutsumi Y. Histological differentiation between chlamydial and bacterial epididymitis. Hum Pathol 1995; 26: 402–7.
5. Jalil N, Doble A, Gilchrist C, Taylor-Robinson D. Infection of the epididymis by Ureaplasma urealyticum. Genitourin Med 1988; 64: 367–8.
6. Eickhoff JH, Frimodt-Mùller N, Walter S, Frimodt-Mùller C.
A double-blind, randomized, controlled multicentre study to compare the efficacy of ciprofloxacin with pivampicillin in men over 40 years of age. BJU Int 1999; 84: 827–34.
7. Mittemeyer BT, Lennox KW, Borski AA. Epididymitis: a review of 610 cases. J Urol 1966; 95: 90–2.
8. Berger A. Acute epididimitis. Sex Trans Dis, 3rd ed. Eds. K.Holmes, P.Sparling, P.Mardh et al. New York: McGran Hill 1999; 847–58.
9. Lussi GA., O’Brion. Acute edididimidis. BJU Inf 2001; 87: 747–55.
10. Drury NE, Dyer JP, Breitenfeldt N et al. Management of acute epididymitis: are European guidelines being followed? Eur Urol 2004; 46 (4): 522–4, disc. 524–5.
11. Taylor-Robinson D. Tests for infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. Int J STD AIDS 1996; 7: 19–26.
12. Eley A, Oxley KM, Spencer RC et al. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by the polymerase chain reaction in young patients with acute epididymitis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1992; 11: 620–3.
13. Hendrikx AJM, Dang CL, Vroegindeweij D, Korte JH. B-mode and colour-ow duplex ultrasonography: a useful adjunct in diagnosing scrotal diseases? Br J Urol 1997; 79: 58–65.
14. Herbener T.E. Ultrasound in the assessment of the acute scrotum. J Clin Ultrasound 1996; 24: 405–21.
15. Wilbert DM, Schaefre CW, Stern WD et al. Evaluation of the acute scrotum by color-coded Doppler ultrasonography. J Urol 1993; 149: 1475–7.
16. Melloul M, Paz A, Lask D, Manes A, Mukamel E. The value of radionuclide scrotal imaging in the diagnosis of acute testicular torsion. Br J Urol 1995; 76: 628–31.
17. Murshidi MS. Intravenous urography as a routine investigation in epididymitis. Br J Urol 1985; 57: 338–40.
18. Рафальский В.В. Обоснование выбора антимикробных препаратов при амбулаторных инфекциях мочевыводящих путей. Автореф. дис. … д-ра мед. наук. Смоленск, 2004.
19. Garthwaite MA, Johnson G, Lloyd S, Eardley I. The implementation of European Association of Urology guidelines in the management of acute epididymo-orchitis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2007; 89 (8): 799–803.
20. Козлов С.К., Страчунский Л.С. Современная антимикробная химиотерапия. 2-е изд. М.: МИА, 2009.
21. Европейские стандарты диагностики и лечения заболеваний, передаваемых половым путем. М.: Мед. лит., 2003.
22. Sexually Transmitted Diseasis Treatment Guidelines. CDC, MMWR 2010; RR-12.
23. Andriole VT. Future of the Quinolone. Drugs 1999; 58 (Suppl. 2): 1–5.
24. Kucers A, Growe SV, Grayson ML, Hoy JF. The use of antibiotics. A clinical review of antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral drugs. 5tn ed. 1977; 1159–63.
25. Падейская Е.Н., Яковлев В.П. Антимикробные препараты группы фторхинолонов в клинической практике. М., 1998.
26. Anderson VR, Perry CM. Levofloxacin: а review of its use as a high–dose, short–course treatment for bacterial infection. Drugs 2008; 68 (4): 535–65.
27. Решедько Г.К., Козлов Р.С. Состояние резистентности к антиинфекционным химиопрепаратам в России. Практическое руководство по антиинфекционной химиотерапии. Под ред. Л.С.Страчунского, Ю.Б.Белоусова, С.Н.Козлова. Смоленск, МАКМАХ, 2007.
28. Talan DA, Krishnadasan A, Abrahamian FM et al. Prevalence and risk factor analysis of trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole- and fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli infection among emergency department patients with pyelonephritis. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 47: 1150–8.
29. Fish DN, Chow A. Levofloxacin: Clinical pharmacokinetics. Clin Pharmacokinet 1997; 32 (2): 101–19.
30. Chien SC, Rogge MC, Gisclon LJ et al. Pharmacokinetic profile of levofloxacin following oral or intravenous doses. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41: 2256–60.
31. Moreau JL, Royer-Morrot MJ, Lozniewski A et al. Penetration of pefloxacin and its desmethyl metabolite into the uroepithelium after a 800 mg single oral dose in human patients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 49: 401–5.
32. Hattori T, Kimura G, Kondo Y et al. Urothelial mucosal concentration of levofloxacin administered before transurethral resection: Is the mucosal concentration predictable? Int J Urol 2001; 8: 171–6.
33. Lee LJ. Penetration of levofloxacin into lung tissue of after oral administration to subjects undergoing lung biopsy or lobectomy. Pharmacotherapy 1998; 18: 131–41.
34. Child J, Mortiboy D, Andrews J. Open-label cross over study to deternine pharmacokinetic crossover study of two dose regimens of levofloxacin in inflammatory fluid. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 2749–51.
35. Pascual A, Garcia I, Perea EJ. Uptake and intracellular activity of an optically active ofloxacin isomer in human neutrophils and tissue culture cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990; 34: 277–80.
36. Vazifeh D, Bryskier A, Labro M. Levofloxacin uptake by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils in vitro. Twentieth Intern. Congr. Chemother. Sydney, Australia 1997.
37. Richard GA, Childs S, Fowler CL. A comparison of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23: 914–9.
38. Heather D, Lamb HM. Levofloxacin on infections of the respiratory tract; skin, solt tissue and urinary tract. Drugs 1996; 56 (3): 487–516.
39. Деревянко И.И. Эффективность левофлоксацина при лечении осложненных инфекций мочевыводящих путей. Фарматека. 2003; 15: 45–9.
40. Деревянко И.И., Нефедова Л.А. Применение левофлоксацина (Таваник, «Авентис Фарма») при лечении осложненных инфекций мочеполовых органов. Антибиотики и химиотерапия, 2003; 48 (3): 46–50.
41. Bundrick W, Heron SP, Ray P et al. Levofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis: A randomized double-blind multicenter study. Urology 2003; 62: 537–41.
42. Marchbank CR. Drug-drug interactions with fluoroquinolones. Pharmacother 1993; 13: 23.
43. Hoppner W, Strohmeyer T, Hartmann Lopez-Gamarra D, Dreikorn K. Surgical treatment of acute epididymitis and its underlying diseases. Eur Urol 1992; 22: 218–21.
44. Witherington R, Harper WM. The surgical management of acute bacterial epididymitis with emphasis on epididymotomy. J Urol 1982; 128: 722–5.
45. Costas S, Van Blerk PJP. Incision of the external inguinal ring in acute epididymitis. Br J Urol 1973; 45: 555–8.
46. Robinson AJ, Grant JBF, Spencer RC et al. Acute epididymitis: why patient and consort must be investigated. Br J Urol 1990; 66: 642–5.
47. Owen ERTC, Kitson JL, Green B. Venous infarction of the testis secondary to acute epididymitis. Br J Urol 1990; 65: 107–8.
48. Rencken RK, Du Plessis DJ, De Haas LS. Venous infarction of the testis ± a cause of non-response to conservative therapy in epididymo-orchitis. South Afr Med J 1990; 78: 337–8.
Авторы
К.И.Забиров
Городская клиническая урологическая больница №47, Москва