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Рак желудка: факторы риска и возможности канцеропревенции
Рак желудка: факторы риска и возможности канцеропревенции
Маев И.В., Андреев Д.Н. Рак желудка: факторы риска и возможности канцеропревенции. Consilium Medicum. 2014; 16 (12): 45–50.
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Аннотация
Среди всех злокачественных новообразований человека рак желудка (РЖ) находится на 4-м месте по частоте развития и на 2-м среди ведущих причин смертности от онкологических заболеваний во всем мире. Несмотря на динамику снижения заболеваемости в некоторых регионах мира, РЖ продолжает представлять собой серьезную клиническую проблему, так как в большинстве случаев заболевание диагностируется на поздних стадиях и ассоциировано с плохим прогнозом. Канцерогенез РЖ – сложный и многофакторный процесс, определяющийся разными каузативными и триггерными факторами, включая генетические и эпигенетические альтерации. К настоящему времени идентифицировано множество факторов риска развития РЖ, среди которых инфекция Helicobacter pylori, курение, высокое потребление соли и наследственная предрасположенность являются наиболее изученными. С учетом ключевой роли H. pylori в генезе РЖ эрадикация возбудителя рассматривается как основная тактика канцеропревенции.
Ключевые слова: рак желудка, аденокарцинома желудка, факторы риска, H. pylori, канцеропревенция.
Key words: gastric cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma, risk factors, H. pylori, cancer prevention.
Ключевые слова: рак желудка, аденокарцинома желудка, факторы риска, H. pylori, канцеропревенция.
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Key words: gastric cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma, risk factors, H. pylori, cancer prevention.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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2. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM et al. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011; 61: 69–90.
3. Crew KD, Neugut AI. Epidemiology of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12 (3): 354–62.
4. Parkin DM. International variation. Oncogene 2004; 23: 6329–40.
5. Parkin DM, Whelan SL, Ferlay J. Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, vol VII. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1997: 822–3.
6. Nomura A. Stomach Cancer. In: Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni JF, eds. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996: 707–24.
7. Parsonnet J. The incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1995; 9 (Suppl. 2): 45–51.
8. Pandey R, Misra V, Misra SP et al. Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2010; 11 (3): 583–8.
9. Correa P. Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: state of the art. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1996; 5: 477–81.
10. Barreto-Zuniga R, Maruyama M, Kato Y et al. Significance of Helicobacter pylori infection as a risk factor in gastric cancer: serological and histological studies. J Gastroenterol 1997; 32: 289–94.
11. Miehlke S, Hackelsberger A, Meining A et al. Histological diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori gastritis is predictive of a high risk of gastric carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1997; 73: 837–9.
12. Nomura AM, Stemmermann GN, Chyou PH. Gastric cancer among the Japanese in Hawaii. Jpn J Cancer Res 1995; 86: 916–23.
13. Forman D, Newell DG, Fullerton F et al. Association between infection with Helicobacter pylori and risk of gastric cancer: evidence from a prospective investigation. BMJ 1991; 302: 1302–5.
14. Kamangar F, Qiao YL, Blaser MJ et al. Helicobacter pylori and oesophageal and gastric cancers in a prospective study in China. Br J Cancer 2007; 96:172–6.
15. Uemura N, Okamoto S, Yamamoto S et al. Helicobacter pylori infection and the development of gastric cancer. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 784–9.
16. Аруин Л.И. Из 100 инфицированных Helicobacter pylori РЖ возникает у двоих. Кто они? Эксперим. и клин. гастроэнтерология. 2004; 1: 12–8.
17. Parsonnet J, Friedman GD, Orentreich N, Vogelman H. Risk for gastric cancer in people with CagA positive or CagA negative Helicobacter pylori infection. Gut 1997; 40: 297–301.
18. Hatakeyama M. Helicobacter pylori CagA and gastric cancer: a paradigm for hit-and-run carcinogenesis. Cell Host Microbe 2014; 15 (3): 306–16.
19. Vicari JJ, Peek RM, Falk GW et al. The seroprevalence of cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori strains in the spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology 1998; 115: 50–7.
20. Azuma T, Yamakawa A, Yamazaki S et al. Correlation between variation of the 3’ region of the CagA gene in Helicobacter pylori and disease outcome in Japan. J Infect Dis 2002; 186: 1621–30.
21. Wroblewski LE, Peek RM Jr. Helicobacter pylori in gastric carcinogenesis mechanisms. Gastroenterol Clin N Am 2013; 42: 285–98.
22. Mowat C, Carswell A, Wirz A, McColl KE. Omeprazole and dietary nitrate independently affect levels of vitamin C and nitrite in gastric juice. Gastroenterology 1999; 116:813–22.
23. Oldreive C, Rice-Evans C. The mechanisms for nitration and nitrotyrosine formation in vitro and in vivo: Impact of diet. Free Radic Res 2001; 35: 215–31.
24. Sugimura T, Fujimura S, Baba T. Tumor production in the glandular stomach and alimentary tract of the rat by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Cancer Res 1970; 30: 455–65.
25. Bartsch H, Ohshima H, Pignatelli B, Calmels S. Human exposure to endogenous N-nitroso compounds: Quantitative estimates in subjects at high risk for cancer of the oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach and urinary bladder. Cancer Surv 1989; 8: 335–62.
26. Knekt P, Jarvinen R, Dich J, Hakulinen T. Risk of colorectal and other gastro-intestinal cancers after exposure to nitrate, nitrite and N-nitroso compounds: A follow-up study. Int J Cancer 1999; 80: 852–6.
27. Jakszyn P, Bingham S, Pera G et al. Endogenous versus exogenous exposure to N-nitroso compounds and gastric cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-EURGAST) study. Carcinogenesis 2006; 27:1497–501.
28. Van Loon AJ, Botterweck AA, Goldbohm RA et al. Intake of nitrate and nitrite and the risk of gastric cancer: A prospective cohort study. Br J Cancer 1998; 78:129–35.
29. Fox JG, Dangler CA, Taylor NS et al. High-salt diet induces gastric epithelial hyperplasia and parietal cell loss, and enhances Helicobacter pylori colonization in C57BL/6 mice. Cancer Res 1999; 59: 4823–8.
30. Correa P, Haenszel W, Cuello C et al. Gastric precancerous process in a high risk population: Cohort follow-up. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 4737–40.
31. Ramon JM, Serra L, Cerdo C, Oromi J. Dietary factors and gastric cancer risk. A case-control study in Spain. Cancer 1993; 71: 1731–5.
32. Nazario CM, Szklo M, Diamond E et al. Salt and gastric cancer: A case-control study in Puerto Rico. Int J Epidemiol 1993; 22: 790–7.
33. Gonzalez CA, Jakszyn P, Pera G et al. Meat intake and risk of stomach and esophageal adenocarcinoma within the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). J Natl Cancer Inst 2006; 98: 345–54.
34. Gonzalez CA, Pera G, Agudo A et al. Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of stomach and oesophagus adenocarcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-EURGAST). Int J Cancer 2006; 118: 2559–66.
35. Loh JT, Torres VJ, Cover TL. Regulation of Helicobacter pylori cagA expression in response to salt. Cancer Res 2007; 67: 4709–15.
36. Gamboa-Dominguez A, Ubbelohde T, Saqui-Salces M et al. Salt and stress synergize H. pylori-induced gastric lesions, cell proliferation, and p21 expression in Mongolian gerbils. Dig Dis Sci 2007; 52:1517–26.
37. Kuper H, Boffetta P, Adami HO. Tobacco use and cancer causation: Association by tumour type. J Intern Med 2002; 252: 206–24.
38. Gonzalez CA, Pera G, Agudo A, et al. Smoking and the risk of gastric cancer in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Int J Cancer 2003; 107: 629–34.
39. Sung NY, Choi KS, Park EC et al. Smoking, alcohol and gastric cancer risk in Korean men: The National Health Insurance Corporation Study. Br J Cancer 2007; 97: 700–4.
40. Sjodahl K, Lu Y, Nilsen TI et al. Smoking and alcohol drinking in relation to risk of gastric cancer: A population-based, prospective cohort study. Int J Cancer 2007; 120: 128–32.
41. Ladeiras-Lopes R, Pereira AK, Nogueira A et al. Smoking and gastric cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Cancer Causes Control 2008; 19: 689–701.
42. Freedman ND, Abnet CC, Leitzmann MF et al. A prospective study of tobacco, alcohol, and the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes. Am J Epidemiol 2007; 165: 1424–33.
43. Larsson SC, Bergkvist L, Naslund I et al. Vitamin A, retinol, and carotenoids and the risk of gastric cancer: A prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 85: 497–503.
44. Larsson SC, Giovannucci E, Wolk A. Alcoholic beverage consumption and gastric cancer risk: a prospective population-based study in women. Int J Cancer 2007; 120: 373–7.
45. Gammon MD, Schoenberg JB, Ahsan H et al. Tobacco, alcohol, and socioeconomic status and adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997; 89: 1277–84.
46. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M et al. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet 2008; 371: 569–78.
47. Abnet CC, Freedman ND, Hollenbeck AR et al. A prospective study of BMI and risk of oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2008; 44: 465–71.
48. Merry AH, Schouten LJ, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA. Body mass index, height and risk of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and gastric cardia: A prospective cohort study. Gut 2007; 56: 1503–11.
49. MacInnis RJ, English DR, Hopper JL, Giles GG. Body size and composition and the risk of gastric and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2006; 118: 2628–31.
50. Chow WH, Blot WJ, Vaughan TL et al. Body mass index and risk of adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998; 90:150–5.
51. Lindblad M, Rodriguez LA, Lagergren J. Body mass, tobacco and alcohol and risk of esophageal, gastric cardia, and gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma among men and women in a nested case-control study. Cancer Causes Control 2005; 16: 285–94.
52. Zanghieri G, Di Gregorio C, Sacchetti C et al. Familial occurrence of gastric cancer in the 2-year experience of a population-based registry. Cancer 1990; 66: 2047–51.
53. Brenner H, Arndt V, Sturmer T et al. Individual and joint contribution of family history and Helicobacter pylori infection to the risk of gastric carcinoma. Cancer 2000; 88: 274–9.
54. Parsonnet J. When heredity is infectious. Gastroenterology 2000; 118: 222–4.
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Авторы
И.В.Маев, Д.Н.Андреев
ГБОУ ВПО Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова Минздрава России
ГБОУ ВПО Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова Минздрава России
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