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Клинические исследования с розувастатином из проекта GALAXY в контексте новых рекомендаций EAS/ESC-2016 по дислипидемиям Часть 1
Клинические исследования с розувастатином из проекта GALAXY в контексте новых рекомендаций EAS/ESC-2016 по дислипидемиям Часть 1
Сусеков А.В. Клинические исследования с розувастатином из проекта GALAXY в контексте новых рекомендаций EAS/ESC-2016 по дислипидемиям. Часть 1. Consilium Medicum. 2017; 19 (12): 12–19. DOI: 10.26442/2075-1753_19.12.12-19
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Аннотация
Гиперхолестеринемия является самым важным фактором риска развития и прогрессирования атеросклероза практически во всех популяциях, включая Российскую Федерацию. Ингибиторы ГМГ-КоА-редуктазы (статины) – самый известный и хорошо изученный класс гиполипидемических препаратов с убедительной доказательной базой по снижению риска сердечно-сосудистой и общей смертности. Розувастатин (Крестор®) – статин IV генерации, применяемый в суточных дозах 5–40 мг, обладает максимальной активностью в ингибировании ГМГ-КоА-редуктазы и снижении уровня холестерина липопротеидов низкой плотности, хорошо изучен в программе клинических исследований GALAXY в период 2004–2011 гг. В 2016 г. были опубликованы очередные рекомендации Европейского общества по изучению атеросклероза и Европейского общества кардиологов (EAS/ESC) по диагностике и лечению дислипидемий, в которых терапия статинами у больных высокого сердечно-сосудистого риска является приоритетом (степень доказательности IA). В этой статье обсуждаются роль классических исследований розувастатина из проекта GALAXY в свете рекомендаций по дислипидемиям 2016 г., а также современная стратегия лечения ингибиторами ГМГ-КоА-редуктазы в первичной профилактике больных сахарным диабетом типа 2, пациентов с каротидным атеросклерозом, а также рассматриваются вопросы стабилизации атеросклеротических бляшек на фоне интенсивной терапии статинами.
Ключевые слова: холестерин, статины, розувастатин, атеросклероз, дислипидемия, эффективность.
Key words: cholesterol, statins, rosuvastatin, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, efficacy.
Ключевые слова: холестерин, статины, розувастатин, атеросклероз, дислипидемия, эффективность.
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Key words: cholesterol, statins, rosuvastatin, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, efficacy.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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2. Catapano A, Graham I, deBacker GD et al. 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipideamias. The Task Force for the management of Dyslipideamias. Eur Heart J 2016. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw272
3. Blazing MA, Giugliano RP, de Lemos JA et al. On-treatment analysis of the Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT). Am Heart J 2016; 182: 89–96. DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.09.004
4. Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC et al; FOURIER Steering Committee and Investigators. Evolocumab and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2017; 376 (18): 1713–22. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615664
5. Ridker PM, Everett BM, Thuren T et al. Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease. N Engl J Med 2017. 377 (12): 1119–31. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1707914
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7. Palmer MK, Nichols SJ, Lundman P et al. Achievement of LDL-C goals depends on baseline LDL-C and choice and dose of statin: an analysis from the VOYAGER database. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2013; 20 (6): 1080–7. DOI: 10.1177/2047487313489875
8. Karlson BW, Palmer MK, Nicholls SJ et al. To what extent do high-intensity statins reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in each of the four statin benefit groups identified by the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines? A VOYAGER meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241 (2): 450–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.029
9. Karlson BW, Palmer MK, Nicholls SJ et al. Doses of rosuvastatin, atorvastatin and simvastatin that induce equal reductions in LDL-C and non-HDL-C: Results from the VOYAGER meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2016; 23 (7): 744–7. DOI: 10.1177/2047487315598710
10. Karlson BW, Wiklund O, Palmer MK et al. Variability of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response with different doses of atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin: results from VOYAGER. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2016; 2 (4): 212–7. DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvw006
11. Jones PH, Hunninghake DB, Ferdinand KC et al; Statin Therapies for Elevated Lipid Levels Compared Across Doses to Rosuvastatin Study Group. Effects of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and lipid ratios in patients with hypercholesterolemia: additional results from the STELLAR trial. Clin Ther 2004; 26 (9): 1388–99.
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16. Schuster H; MERCURY-I Study Group. Effects of switching to rosuvastatin from atorvastatin or other statins on achievement of international low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals: MERCURY-I Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003 (Suppl): 227A–228A, Abs 1010–149.
17. Stender S, Schuster H, Barter P et al. Comparison of rosuvastatin with atorvastatin, simvastatin and pravastatin in achieving cholesterol goals and improving plasma lipids in hypercholesterolaemic patients with or without the metabolic syndrome in the MERCURY-I trial. Diabet Obesity Metab 2005; 7 (4): 430–8.
18. Ballantyne CV, Bertolami M, Garcdia HR et al. Achieving LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B target levels in high-risk patients: Measuring Effective Reductions in Cholesterol Using Rosuvastatin therapY (MERCURY) II. Am Hear J 2006; 151 (5): 975.e1-9.
19. Stalenhoef AF , Ballantyne CV, Sarti C et al. A comparative study with rosuvastatin in subjects with metabolic syndrome: results of the COMETS study. Eyr Haer J 2005; 26 (24): 2664–72.
20. Huff MW, Burnett JR. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors and hepatic apolipoprotein B secretion. Cur Opin Lipidol 1997; 8 (3): 138–45.
21. Raal F, Pappu AS, Illingworth DR et al. Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis by atorvastatin in homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. Atherosclereosis 2000; 150 (2): 421–8.
22. Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FA et al; JUPITER Study Group. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med 2008; 359 (21): 2195–207. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0807646
23. Jellinger PS, Handelsman Y, Rosenblit PD et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Endocrine Practice 2017; 23 (2): 1–87.
24. Ridker PM, Lonn E, Paynter NP et al. Primary Prevention With Statin Therapy in the Elderly: New Meta-Analyses From the Contemporary JUPITER and HOPE-3 Randomized Trials. Circulation 2017; 135 (20): 1979–81. DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha. 117. 028271
25. Ridker PM, MacFadyen J, Cressman M, Glynn RJ. Efficacy of rosuvastatin among men and women with moderate chronic kidney disease and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: a secondary analysis from the JUPITER (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention-an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55 (12): 1266–73. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.020
26. Aspberg S, MacFadyen J, Glynn RJ et al. Statin therapy and risk of fracture: results from the JUPITER randomized clinical trial. See comment in PubMed Commons below. JAMA Intern Med 2015; 175 (2): 171–7. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.6388
27. Ridker PM, Pradhan A, MacFadyen JG et al. Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from the JUPITER trial. Lancet 2012; 380 (9841): 565–71. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61190-8
28. Slejko JF, Page RL 2nd, Sullivan PW. Cost-effectiveness of statin therapy for vascular event prevention in adults with elevated C-reactive protein: implications of JUPITER. Curr Med Res Opin 2010; 26 (10): 2485–97. DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2010.516994
29. Ridker PM, Buring JE, Rifai N, Cook NR. Development and validation of improved algorithms for the assessment of global cardiovascular risk in women: The Reynolds Risk Score. JAMA 2007; 297: 611–9. www.reynoldsriskscore.org
30. Муромцева Г.А., Концевая А.В., Константинов В.В. и др. Распространенность факторов риска неинфекционных заболеваний в российской популяции в 2012–2013 гг. Результаты исследования ЭССЕ-РФ. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и проф. 2014; 13 (6): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2014-6-4-11 / Muromtseva G.A., Kontsevaia A.V., Konstantinov V.V. i dr. Rasprostranennost' faktorov riska neinfektsionnykh zabolevanii v rossiiskoi populiatsii v 2012–2013 gg. Rezul'taty issledovaniia ESSE-RF. Kardiovaskuliarnaia terapiia i prof. 2014; 13 (6): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2014-6-4-11 [in Russian]
31. Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больным сахарным диабетом. Под ред. И.И.Дедова, М.В.Шестаковой, А.Ю.Майорова. 8-й вып. Сахарный диабет. 2017; 20 (1S): 1–112ю. DOI.10.14341/DM2017S8 / Algoritmy spetsializirovannoi meditsinskoi pomoshchi bol'nym sakharnym diabetom. Pod red. I.I.Dedova, M.V.Shestakovoi, A.Iu.Maiorova. 8-i vyp. Sakharnyi diabet. 2017; 20 (1S): 1–112iu. DOI.10.14341/DM2017S8 [in Russian]
32. Betteridge DJ, Gibson JM, Sager PT. Comparison of effectiveness of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin on the achievement of combined C-reactive protein (<2 mg/L) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<70 mg/dl) targets in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (from the ANDROMEDA study). Am J Cardiol 2007; 100 (8): 1245–8.
33. Durington PN, Tuomiehto J, Hamann A et al Rosuvastatin and fenofibrate alone and in combination in type 2 diabetes patients with combined hyperlipidaemia. Diabet Res Clin Pract 2004; 64 (2): 137–51.
34. Crouse JR 3rd, Raichlen JS, Riley WA et al; METEOR Study Group. Effect of rosuvastatin on progression of carotid intima-media thickness in low-risk individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis: the METEOR Trial. JAMA 2007; 297 (12): 1344–53.
35. Brown G, Albers JJ, Fisher LD et al. Regression of coronary artery disease as a result of intensive lipid-lowering therapy in men with high levels of apolipoprotein B. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1289–98.
36. Blankenhorn DH, Azen SP, Dramsch DM et al. Coronary Angiographic changes with lovastatin therapy. The Monitored Atherosclerosis Regression Study (MARS). Ann Intern Med 1993; 119 (10); 969–76.
37. Smilde TJ, van Wissen S, Wollersheim H et al. Effect of aggressive versus conventional lipid-lowering on atherosclerosis progression in familial hypercholesterolaemia (ASAP): a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. Lancet 2001; 357 (9256): 574–81.
38. Pitt B, Waters D, Brown WV et al. Aggressive lipid-lowering therapy compared with angioplasty in stable coronary artery disease. Atorvastatin versus evascularization Treatment Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999; 341 (2): 70–6.
39. Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Schoenhagen P et al. REVERSAL Investigators. Effect of intensive compared with moderate lipid-lowering therapy on progression of coronary atherosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291 (9): 1071–80.
40. Nissen S, Nicholls SJ, Sipahi I et al. Effect of very high-intensity stain therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis. The ASTEROID trial. JAMA 2006; on-line, March 13.
41. Nicholls SJ, Borgman M, Nissen SE et al. Impact of statins on progression of atherosclerosis: rationale and design of SATURN (Study of Coronary Atheroma by InTravascular Ultrasound: effect of Rosuvastatin versus AtorvastatiN). Curr Med Res Opin 2011; 27 (6): 1119–29. DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2011.570746
42. Noyes AM, Thompson P D. A systematic review of the time course of atherosclerosis plaque regression. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234 (1): 75–84. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.02.007
43. Kataoka Y, Hammadah M, Duggal B et al. Plaque microstructures in patients with coronary artery disease who achieved very low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242 (2): 490–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.08.005
2. Catapano A, Graham I, deBacker GD et al. 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipideamias. The Task Force for the management of Dyslipideamias. Eur Heart J 2016. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw272
3. Blazing MA, Giugliano RP, de Lemos JA et al. On-treatment analysis of the Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT). Am Heart J 2016; 182: 89–96. DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.09.004
4. Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC et al; FOURIER Steering Committee and Investigators. Evolocumab and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2017; 376 (18): 1713–22. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615664
5. Ridker PM, Everett BM, Thuren T et al. Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease. N Engl J Med 2017. 377 (12): 1119–31. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1707914
6. Schuster H, Fox J. Investigating cardiovascular risk reduction – the Rosuvastatin GALAXY Programme. Exp Opin Pharmacother 2004; 5: 1187–200.
7. Palmer MK, Nichols SJ, Lundman P et al. Achievement of LDL-C goals depends on baseline LDL-C and choice and dose of statin: an analysis from the VOYAGER database. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2013; 20 (6): 1080–7. DOI: 10.1177/2047487313489875
8. Karlson BW, Palmer MK, Nicholls SJ et al. To what extent do high-intensity statins reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in each of the four statin benefit groups identified by the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines? A VOYAGER meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241 (2): 450–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.029
9. Karlson BW, Palmer MK, Nicholls SJ et al. Doses of rosuvastatin, atorvastatin and simvastatin that induce equal reductions in LDL-C and non-HDL-C: Results from the VOYAGER meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2016; 23 (7): 744–7. DOI: 10.1177/2047487315598710
10. Karlson BW, Wiklund O, Palmer MK et al. Variability of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response with different doses of atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin: results from VOYAGER. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2016; 2 (4): 212–7. DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvw006
11. Jones PH, Hunninghake DB, Ferdinand KC et al; Statin Therapies for Elevated Lipid Levels Compared Across Doses to Rosuvastatin Study Group. Effects of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and lipid ratios in patients with hypercholesterolemia: additional results from the STELLAR trial. Clin Ther 2004; 26 (9): 1388–99.
12. Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata Krestor® (tabletki, pokrytye obolochkoi, 10, 20, 40 mg), s uchetom izmenenii №1–10. Registratsionnoe udostoverenie P N015644/01 ot 24.03.2009. [in Russian]
13. Stone NJ, Robinson J, Lichtenstein AH et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63 (25 Pt B): 2889–934. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.002. http://www.cvriskcalculator.com
14. HPS3/TIMI55-REVEAL collaborative Group. Effects of Anacetrapib in Patients with Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2017. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1706444
15. Nordestgaard BG. Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: New Insights From Epidemiology, Genetics, and Biology. Circ Res 2016; 118 (4): 547–63. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306249
16. Schuster H; MERCURY-I Study Group. Effects of switching to rosuvastatin from atorvastatin or other statins on achievement of international low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals: MERCURY-I Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003 (Suppl): 227A–228A, Abs 1010–149.
17. Stender S, Schuster H, Barter P et al. Comparison of rosuvastatin with atorvastatin, simvastatin and pravastatin in achieving cholesterol goals and improving plasma lipids in hypercholesterolaemic patients with or without the metabolic syndrome in the MERCURY-I trial. Diabet Obesity Metab 2005; 7 (4): 430–8.
18. Ballantyne CV, Bertolami M, Garcdia HR et al. Achieving LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B target levels in high-risk patients: Measuring Effective Reductions in Cholesterol Using Rosuvastatin therapY (MERCURY) II. Am Hear J 2006; 151 (5): 975.e1-9.
19. Stalenhoef AF , Ballantyne CV, Sarti C et al. A comparative study with rosuvastatin in subjects with metabolic syndrome: results of the COMETS study. Eyr Haer J 2005; 26 (24): 2664–72.
20. Huff MW, Burnett JR. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors and hepatic apolipoprotein B secretion. Cur Opin Lipidol 1997; 8 (3): 138–45.
21. Raal F, Pappu AS, Illingworth DR et al. Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis by atorvastatin in homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. Atherosclereosis 2000; 150 (2): 421–8.
22. Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FA et al; JUPITER Study Group. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med 2008; 359 (21): 2195–207. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0807646
23. Jellinger PS, Handelsman Y, Rosenblit PD et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Endocrine Practice 2017; 23 (2): 1–87.
24. Ridker PM, Lonn E, Paynter NP et al. Primary Prevention With Statin Therapy in the Elderly: New Meta-Analyses From the Contemporary JUPITER and HOPE-3 Randomized Trials. Circulation 2017; 135 (20): 1979–81. DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha. 117. 028271
25. Ridker PM, MacFadyen J, Cressman M, Glynn RJ. Efficacy of rosuvastatin among men and women with moderate chronic kidney disease and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: a secondary analysis from the JUPITER (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention-an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55 (12): 1266–73. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.020
26. Aspberg S, MacFadyen J, Glynn RJ et al. Statin therapy and risk of fracture: results from the JUPITER randomized clinical trial. See comment in PubMed Commons below. JAMA Intern Med 2015; 175 (2): 171–7. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.6388
27. Ridker PM, Pradhan A, MacFadyen JG et al. Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from the JUPITER trial. Lancet 2012; 380 (9841): 565–71. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61190-8
28. Slejko JF, Page RL 2nd, Sullivan PW. Cost-effectiveness of statin therapy for vascular event prevention in adults with elevated C-reactive protein: implications of JUPITER. Curr Med Res Opin 2010; 26 (10): 2485–97. DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2010.516994
29. Ridker PM, Buring JE, Rifai N, Cook NR. Development and validation of improved algorithms for the assessment of global cardiovascular risk in women: The Reynolds Risk Score. JAMA 2007; 297: 611–9. www.reynoldsriskscore.org
30. Muromtseva G.A., Kontsevaia A.V., Konstantinov V.V. i dr. Rasprostranennost' faktorov riska neinfektsionnykh zabolevanii v rossiiskoi populiatsii v 2012–2013 gg. Rezul'taty issledovaniia ESSE-RF. Kardiovaskuliarnaia terapiia i prof. 2014; 13 (6): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2014-6-4-11 [in Russian]
31. Algoritmy spetsializirovannoi meditsinskoi pomoshchi bol'nym sakharnym diabetom. Pod red. I.I.Dedova, M.V.Shestakovoi, A.Iu.Maiorova. 8-i vyp. Sakharnyi diabet. 2017; 20 (1S): 1–112iu. DOI.10.14341/DM2017S8 [in Russian]
32. Betteridge DJ, Gibson JM, Sager PT. Comparison of effectiveness of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin on the achievement of combined C-reactive protein (<2 mg/L) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<70 mg/dl) targets in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (from the ANDROMEDA study). Am J Cardiol 2007; 100 (8): 1245–8.
33. Durington PN, Tuomiehto J, Hamann A et al Rosuvastatin and fenofibrate alone and in combination in type 2 diabetes patients with combined hyperlipidaemia. Diabet Res Clin Pract 2004; 64 (2): 137–51.
34. Crouse JR 3rd, Raichlen JS, Riley WA et al; METEOR Study Group. Effect of rosuvastatin on progression of carotid intima-media thickness in low-risk individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis: the METEOR Trial. JAMA 2007; 297 (12): 1344–53.
35. Brown G, Albers JJ, Fisher LD et al. Regression of coronary artery disease as a result of intensive lipid-lowering therapy in men with high levels of apolipoprotein B. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1289–98.
36. Blankenhorn DH, Azen SP, Dramsch DM et al. Coronary Angiographic changes with lovastatin therapy. The Monitored Atherosclerosis Regression Study (MARS). Ann Intern Med 1993; 119 (10); 969–76.
37. Smilde TJ, van Wissen S, Wollersheim H et al. Effect of aggressive versus conventional lipid-lowering on atherosclerosis progression in familial hypercholesterolaemia (ASAP): a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. Lancet 2001; 357 (9256): 574–81.
38. Pitt B, Waters D, Brown WV et al. Aggressive lipid-lowering therapy compared with angioplasty in stable coronary artery disease. Atorvastatin versus evascularization Treatment Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999; 341 (2): 70–6.
39. Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Schoenhagen P et al. REVERSAL Investigators. Effect of intensive compared with moderate lipid-lowering therapy on progression of coronary atherosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291 (9): 1071–80.
40. Nissen S, Nicholls SJ, Sipahi I et al. Effect of very high-intensity stain therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis. The ASTEROID trial. JAMA 2006; on-line, March 13.
41. Nicholls SJ, Borgman M, Nissen SE et al. Impact of statins on progression of atherosclerosis: rationale and design of SATURN (Study of Coronary Atheroma by InTravascular Ultrasound: effect of Rosuvastatin versus AtorvastatiN). Curr Med Res Opin 2011; 27 (6): 1119–29. DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2011.570746
42. Noyes AM, Thompson P D. A systematic review of the time course of atherosclerosis plaque regression. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234 (1): 75–84. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.02.007
43. Kataoka Y, Hammadah M, Duggal B et al. Plaque microstructures in patients with coronary artery disease who achieved very low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242 (2): 490–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.08.005
2. Catapano A, Graham I, deBacker GD et al. 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipideamias. The Task Force for the management of Dyslipideamias. Eur Heart J 2016. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw272
3. Blazing MA, Giugliano RP, de Lemos JA et al. On-treatment analysis of the Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT). Am Heart J 2016; 182: 89–96. DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.09.004
4. Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC et al; FOURIER Steering Committee and Investigators. Evolocumab and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2017; 376 (18): 1713–22. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615664
5. Ridker PM, Everett BM, Thuren T et al. Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease. N Engl J Med 2017. 377 (12): 1119–31. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1707914
6. Schuster H, Fox J. Investigating cardiovascular risk reduction – the Rosuvastatin GALAXY Programme. Exp Opin Pharmacother 2004; 5: 1187–200.
7. Palmer MK, Nichols SJ, Lundman P et al. Achievement of LDL-C goals depends on baseline LDL-C and choice and dose of statin: an analysis from the VOYAGER database. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2013; 20 (6): 1080–7. DOI: 10.1177/2047487313489875
8. Karlson BW, Palmer MK, Nicholls SJ et al. To what extent do high-intensity statins reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in each of the four statin benefit groups identified by the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines? A VOYAGER meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241 (2): 450–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.029
9. Karlson BW, Palmer MK, Nicholls SJ et al. Doses of rosuvastatin, atorvastatin and simvastatin that induce equal reductions in LDL-C and non-HDL-C: Results from the VOYAGER meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2016; 23 (7): 744–7. DOI: 10.1177/2047487315598710
10. Karlson BW, Wiklund O, Palmer MK et al. Variability of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response with different doses of atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin: results from VOYAGER. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2016; 2 (4): 212–7. DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvw006
11. Jones PH, Hunninghake DB, Ferdinand KC et al; Statin Therapies for Elevated Lipid Levels Compared Across Doses to Rosuvastatin Study Group. Effects of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and lipid ratios in patients with hypercholesterolemia: additional results from the STELLAR trial. Clin Ther 2004; 26 (9): 1388–99.
12. Инструкция по медицинскому применению лекарственного препарата Крестор® (таблетки, покрытые оболочкой, 10, 20, 40 мг), с учетом изменений №1–10. Регистрационное удостоверение П N015644/01 от 24.03.2009. / Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata Krestor® (tabletki, pokrytye obolochkoi, 10, 20, 40 mg), s uchetom izmenenii №1–10. Registratsionnoe udostoverenie P N015644/01 ot 24.03.2009. [in Russian]
13. Stone NJ, Robinson J, Lichtenstein AH et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63 (25 Pt B): 2889–934. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.002. http://www.cvriskcalculator.com
14. HPS3/TIMI55-REVEAL collaborative Group. Effects of Anacetrapib in Patients with Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2017. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1706444
15. Nordestgaard BG. Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: New Insights From Epidemiology, Genetics, and Biology. Circ Res 2016; 118 (4): 547–63. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306249
16. Schuster H; MERCURY-I Study Group. Effects of switching to rosuvastatin from atorvastatin or other statins on achievement of international low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals: MERCURY-I Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003 (Suppl): 227A–228A, Abs 1010–149.
17. Stender S, Schuster H, Barter P et al. Comparison of rosuvastatin with atorvastatin, simvastatin and pravastatin in achieving cholesterol goals and improving plasma lipids in hypercholesterolaemic patients with or without the metabolic syndrome in the MERCURY-I trial. Diabet Obesity Metab 2005; 7 (4): 430–8.
18. Ballantyne CV, Bertolami M, Garcdia HR et al. Achieving LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B target levels in high-risk patients: Measuring Effective Reductions in Cholesterol Using Rosuvastatin therapY (MERCURY) II. Am Hear J 2006; 151 (5): 975.e1-9.
19. Stalenhoef AF , Ballantyne CV, Sarti C et al. A comparative study with rosuvastatin in subjects with metabolic syndrome: results of the COMETS study. Eyr Haer J 2005; 26 (24): 2664–72.
20. Huff MW, Burnett JR. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors and hepatic apolipoprotein B secretion. Cur Opin Lipidol 1997; 8 (3): 138–45.
21. Raal F, Pappu AS, Illingworth DR et al. Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis by atorvastatin in homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. Atherosclereosis 2000; 150 (2): 421–8.
22. Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FA et al; JUPITER Study Group. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med 2008; 359 (21): 2195–207. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0807646
23. Jellinger PS, Handelsman Y, Rosenblit PD et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Endocrine Practice 2017; 23 (2): 1–87.
24. Ridker PM, Lonn E, Paynter NP et al. Primary Prevention With Statin Therapy in the Elderly: New Meta-Analyses From the Contemporary JUPITER and HOPE-3 Randomized Trials. Circulation 2017; 135 (20): 1979–81. DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha. 117. 028271
25. Ridker PM, MacFadyen J, Cressman M, Glynn RJ. Efficacy of rosuvastatin among men and women with moderate chronic kidney disease and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: a secondary analysis from the JUPITER (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention-an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55 (12): 1266–73. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.020
26. Aspberg S, MacFadyen J, Glynn RJ et al. Statin therapy and risk of fracture: results from the JUPITER randomized clinical trial. See comment in PubMed Commons below. JAMA Intern Med 2015; 175 (2): 171–7. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.6388
27. Ridker PM, Pradhan A, MacFadyen JG et al. Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from the JUPITER trial. Lancet 2012; 380 (9841): 565–71. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61190-8
28. Slejko JF, Page RL 2nd, Sullivan PW. Cost-effectiveness of statin therapy for vascular event prevention in adults with elevated C-reactive protein: implications of JUPITER. Curr Med Res Opin 2010; 26 (10): 2485–97. DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2010.516994
29. Ridker PM, Buring JE, Rifai N, Cook NR. Development and validation of improved algorithms for the assessment of global cardiovascular risk in women: The Reynolds Risk Score. JAMA 2007; 297: 611–9. www.reynoldsriskscore.org
30. Муромцева Г.А., Концевая А.В., Константинов В.В. и др. Распространенность факторов риска неинфекционных заболеваний в российской популяции в 2012–2013 гг. Результаты исследования ЭССЕ-РФ. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и проф. 2014; 13 (6): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2014-6-4-11 / Muromtseva G.A., Kontsevaia A.V., Konstantinov V.V. i dr. Rasprostranennost' faktorov riska neinfektsionnykh zabolevanii v rossiiskoi populiatsii v 2012–2013 gg. Rezul'taty issledovaniia ESSE-RF. Kardiovaskuliarnaia terapiia i prof. 2014; 13 (6): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2014-6-4-11 [in Russian]
31. Алгоритмы специализированной медицинской помощи больным сахарным диабетом. Под ред. И.И.Дедова, М.В.Шестаковой, А.Ю.Майорова. 8-й вып. Сахарный диабет. 2017; 20 (1S): 1–112ю. DOI.10.14341/DM2017S8 / Algoritmy spetsializirovannoi meditsinskoi pomoshchi bol'nym sakharnym diabetom. Pod red. I.I.Dedova, M.V.Shestakovoi, A.Iu.Maiorova. 8-i vyp. Sakharnyi diabet. 2017; 20 (1S): 1–112iu. DOI.10.14341/DM2017S8 [in Russian]
32. Betteridge DJ, Gibson JM, Sager PT. Comparison of effectiveness of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin on the achievement of combined C-reactive protein (<2 mg/L) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<70 mg/dl) targets in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (from the ANDROMEDA study). Am J Cardiol 2007; 100 (8): 1245–8.
33. Durington PN, Tuomiehto J, Hamann A et al Rosuvastatin and fenofibrate alone and in combination in type 2 diabetes patients with combined hyperlipidaemia. Diabet Res Clin Pract 2004; 64 (2): 137–51.
34. Crouse JR 3rd, Raichlen JS, Riley WA et al; METEOR Study Group. Effect of rosuvastatin on progression of carotid intima-media thickness in low-risk individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis: the METEOR Trial. JAMA 2007; 297 (12): 1344–53.
35. Brown G, Albers JJ, Fisher LD et al. Regression of coronary artery disease as a result of intensive lipid-lowering therapy in men with high levels of apolipoprotein B. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1289–98.
36. Blankenhorn DH, Azen SP, Dramsch DM et al. Coronary Angiographic changes with lovastatin therapy. The Monitored Atherosclerosis Regression Study (MARS). Ann Intern Med 1993; 119 (10); 969–76.
37. Smilde TJ, van Wissen S, Wollersheim H et al. Effect of aggressive versus conventional lipid-lowering on atherosclerosis progression in familial hypercholesterolaemia (ASAP): a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. Lancet 2001; 357 (9256): 574–81.
38. Pitt B, Waters D, Brown WV et al. Aggressive lipid-lowering therapy compared with angioplasty in stable coronary artery disease. Atorvastatin versus evascularization Treatment Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999; 341 (2): 70–6.
39. Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Schoenhagen P et al. REVERSAL Investigators. Effect of intensive compared with moderate lipid-lowering therapy on progression of coronary atherosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291 (9): 1071–80.
40. Nissen S, Nicholls SJ, Sipahi I et al. Effect of very high-intensity stain therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis. The ASTEROID trial. JAMA 2006; on-line, March 13.
41. Nicholls SJ, Borgman M, Nissen SE et al. Impact of statins on progression of atherosclerosis: rationale and design of SATURN (Study of Coronary Atheroma by InTravascular Ultrasound: effect of Rosuvastatin versus AtorvastatiN). Curr Med Res Opin 2011; 27 (6): 1119–29. DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2011.570746
42. Noyes AM, Thompson P D. A systematic review of the time course of atherosclerosis plaque regression. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234 (1): 75–84. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.02.007
43. Kataoka Y, Hammadah M, Duggal B et al. Plaque microstructures in patients with coronary artery disease who achieved very low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242 (2): 490–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.08.005
________________________________________________
2. Catapano A, Graham I, deBacker GD et al. 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipideamias. The Task Force for the management of Dyslipideamias. Eur Heart J 2016. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw272
3. Blazing MA, Giugliano RP, de Lemos JA et al. On-treatment analysis of the Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT). Am Heart J 2016; 182: 89–96. DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.09.004
4. Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC et al; FOURIER Steering Committee and Investigators. Evolocumab and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2017; 376 (18): 1713–22. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615664
5. Ridker PM, Everett BM, Thuren T et al. Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease. N Engl J Med 2017. 377 (12): 1119–31. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1707914
6. Schuster H, Fox J. Investigating cardiovascular risk reduction – the Rosuvastatin GALAXY Programme. Exp Opin Pharmacother 2004; 5: 1187–200.
7. Palmer MK, Nichols SJ, Lundman P et al. Achievement of LDL-C goals depends on baseline LDL-C and choice and dose of statin: an analysis from the VOYAGER database. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2013; 20 (6): 1080–7. DOI: 10.1177/2047487313489875
8. Karlson BW, Palmer MK, Nicholls SJ et al. To what extent do high-intensity statins reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in each of the four statin benefit groups identified by the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines? A VOYAGER meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241 (2): 450–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.029
9. Karlson BW, Palmer MK, Nicholls SJ et al. Doses of rosuvastatin, atorvastatin and simvastatin that induce equal reductions in LDL-C and non-HDL-C: Results from the VOYAGER meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2016; 23 (7): 744–7. DOI: 10.1177/2047487315598710
10. Karlson BW, Wiklund O, Palmer MK et al. Variability of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response with different doses of atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin: results from VOYAGER. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2016; 2 (4): 212–7. DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvw006
11. Jones PH, Hunninghake DB, Ferdinand KC et al; Statin Therapies for Elevated Lipid Levels Compared Across Doses to Rosuvastatin Study Group. Effects of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and lipid ratios in patients with hypercholesterolemia: additional results from the STELLAR trial. Clin Ther 2004; 26 (9): 1388–99.
12. Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu lekarstvennogo preparata Krestor® (tabletki, pokrytye obolochkoi, 10, 20, 40 mg), s uchetom izmenenii №1–10. Registratsionnoe udostoverenie P N015644/01 ot 24.03.2009. [in Russian]
13. Stone NJ, Robinson J, Lichtenstein AH et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63 (25 Pt B): 2889–934. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.002. http://www.cvriskcalculator.com
14. HPS3/TIMI55-REVEAL collaborative Group. Effects of Anacetrapib in Patients with Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2017. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1706444
15. Nordestgaard BG. Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: New Insights From Epidemiology, Genetics, and Biology. Circ Res 2016; 118 (4): 547–63. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306249
16. Schuster H; MERCURY-I Study Group. Effects of switching to rosuvastatin from atorvastatin or other statins on achievement of international low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals: MERCURY-I Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003 (Suppl): 227A–228A, Abs 1010–149.
17. Stender S, Schuster H, Barter P et al. Comparison of rosuvastatin with atorvastatin, simvastatin and pravastatin in achieving cholesterol goals and improving plasma lipids in hypercholesterolaemic patients with or without the metabolic syndrome in the MERCURY-I trial. Diabet Obesity Metab 2005; 7 (4): 430–8.
18. Ballantyne CV, Bertolami M, Garcdia HR et al. Achieving LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B target levels in high-risk patients: Measuring Effective Reductions in Cholesterol Using Rosuvastatin therapY (MERCURY) II. Am Hear J 2006; 151 (5): 975.e1-9.
19. Stalenhoef AF , Ballantyne CV, Sarti C et al. A comparative study with rosuvastatin in subjects with metabolic syndrome: results of the COMETS study. Eyr Haer J 2005; 26 (24): 2664–72.
20. Huff MW, Burnett JR. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors and hepatic apolipoprotein B secretion. Cur Opin Lipidol 1997; 8 (3): 138–45.
21. Raal F, Pappu AS, Illingworth DR et al. Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis by atorvastatin in homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. Atherosclereosis 2000; 150 (2): 421–8.
22. Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FA et al; JUPITER Study Group. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med 2008; 359 (21): 2195–207. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0807646
23. Jellinger PS, Handelsman Y, Rosenblit PD et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Endocrine Practice 2017; 23 (2): 1–87.
24. Ridker PM, Lonn E, Paynter NP et al. Primary Prevention With Statin Therapy in the Elderly: New Meta-Analyses From the Contemporary JUPITER and HOPE-3 Randomized Trials. Circulation 2017; 135 (20): 1979–81. DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha. 117. 028271
25. Ridker PM, MacFadyen J, Cressman M, Glynn RJ. Efficacy of rosuvastatin among men and women with moderate chronic kidney disease and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: a secondary analysis from the JUPITER (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention-an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55 (12): 1266–73. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.020
26. Aspberg S, MacFadyen J, Glynn RJ et al. Statin therapy and risk of fracture: results from the JUPITER randomized clinical trial. See comment in PubMed Commons below. JAMA Intern Med 2015; 175 (2): 171–7. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.6388
27. Ridker PM, Pradhan A, MacFadyen JG et al. Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from the JUPITER trial. Lancet 2012; 380 (9841): 565–71. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61190-8
28. Slejko JF, Page RL 2nd, Sullivan PW. Cost-effectiveness of statin therapy for vascular event prevention in adults with elevated C-reactive protein: implications of JUPITER. Curr Med Res Opin 2010; 26 (10): 2485–97. DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2010.516994
29. Ridker PM, Buring JE, Rifai N, Cook NR. Development and validation of improved algorithms for the assessment of global cardiovascular risk in women: The Reynolds Risk Score. JAMA 2007; 297: 611–9. www.reynoldsriskscore.org
30. Muromtseva G.A., Kontsevaia A.V., Konstantinov V.V. i dr. Rasprostranennost' faktorov riska neinfektsionnykh zabolevanii v rossiiskoi populiatsii v 2012–2013 gg. Rezul'taty issledovaniia ESSE-RF. Kardiovaskuliarnaia terapiia i prof. 2014; 13 (6): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2014-6-4-11 [in Russian]
31. Algoritmy spetsializirovannoi meditsinskoi pomoshchi bol'nym sakharnym diabetom. Pod red. I.I.Dedova, M.V.Shestakovoi, A.Iu.Maiorova. 8-i vyp. Sakharnyi diabet. 2017; 20 (1S): 1–112iu. DOI.10.14341/DM2017S8 [in Russian]
32. Betteridge DJ, Gibson JM, Sager PT. Comparison of effectiveness of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin on the achievement of combined C-reactive protein (<2 mg/L) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<70 mg/dl) targets in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (from the ANDROMEDA study). Am J Cardiol 2007; 100 (8): 1245–8.
33. Durington PN, Tuomiehto J, Hamann A et al Rosuvastatin and fenofibrate alone and in combination in type 2 diabetes patients with combined hyperlipidaemia. Diabet Res Clin Pract 2004; 64 (2): 137–51.
34. Crouse JR 3rd, Raichlen JS, Riley WA et al; METEOR Study Group. Effect of rosuvastatin on progression of carotid intima-media thickness in low-risk individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis: the METEOR Trial. JAMA 2007; 297 (12): 1344–53.
35. Brown G, Albers JJ, Fisher LD et al. Regression of coronary artery disease as a result of intensive lipid-lowering therapy in men with high levels of apolipoprotein B. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1289–98.
36. Blankenhorn DH, Azen SP, Dramsch DM et al. Coronary Angiographic changes with lovastatin therapy. The Monitored Atherosclerosis Regression Study (MARS). Ann Intern Med 1993; 119 (10); 969–76.
37. Smilde TJ, van Wissen S, Wollersheim H et al. Effect of aggressive versus conventional lipid-lowering on atherosclerosis progression in familial hypercholesterolaemia (ASAP): a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. Lancet 2001; 357 (9256): 574–81.
38. Pitt B, Waters D, Brown WV et al. Aggressive lipid-lowering therapy compared with angioplasty in stable coronary artery disease. Atorvastatin versus evascularization Treatment Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999; 341 (2): 70–6.
39. Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Schoenhagen P et al. REVERSAL Investigators. Effect of intensive compared with moderate lipid-lowering therapy on progression of coronary atherosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291 (9): 1071–80.
40. Nissen S, Nicholls SJ, Sipahi I et al. Effect of very high-intensity stain therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis. The ASTEROID trial. JAMA 2006; on-line, March 13.
41. Nicholls SJ, Borgman M, Nissen SE et al. Impact of statins on progression of atherosclerosis: rationale and design of SATURN (Study of Coronary Atheroma by InTravascular Ultrasound: effect of Rosuvastatin versus AtorvastatiN). Curr Med Res Opin 2011; 27 (6): 1119–29. DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2011.570746
42. Noyes AM, Thompson P D. A systematic review of the time course of atherosclerosis plaque regression. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234 (1): 75–84. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.02.007
43. Kataoka Y, Hammadah M, Duggal B et al. Plaque microstructures in patients with coronary artery disease who achieved very low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242 (2): 490–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.08.005
Авторы
А.В.Сусеков
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России. 125993, Россия, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1
asus99@mail.ru
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 125993, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Barrikadnaia, d. 2/1
asus99@mail.ru
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России. 125993, Россия, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1
asus99@mail.ru
________________________________________________
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 125993, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Barrikadnaia, d. 2/1
asus99@mail.ru
Цель портала OmniDoctor – предоставление профессиональной информации врачам, провизорам и фармацевтам.