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Распространенность табакокурения как важнейшего социально значимого модифицируемого фактора риска среди пациентов с инсультом
Козяйкин В.В., Котов С.В., Исакова Е.В. Распространенность табакокурения как важнейшего социально значимого модифицируемого фактора риска среди пациентов с инсультом. Consilium Medicum. 2017; 19 (2): 90–95.
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Koziaikin V.V., Kotov S.V., Isakova E.V. The prevalence of tobacco smoking as the most important socially significant modifiable risk factor among patients with stroke. Consilium Medicum. 2017; 19 (2): 90–95.
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Аннотация
В статье представлен обзор современных данных по поводу распространенности модифицируемого фактора риска инсульта – приверженности табакокурению, его влияния на частоту развития, тяжесть течения и исход острых нарушений мозгового кровообращения. Приведены данные исследования, включающего результаты лечения 129 больных, поступивших в стационар в остром периоде церебрального инсульта. Показано, что инсульт у пациентов, приверженных табакокурению, развивался статистически значимо в более молодом возрасте по сравнению с некурящими пациентами. Отчетливого влияния табакокурения на тяжесть течения развившегося церебрального инсульта по шкале Национального института здоровья (NIHSS) и восстановление пациентов получено не было. При этом функциональное состояние некурящих пациентов с инсультом по шкале Рэнкина в дебюте было статистически значимо тяжелее, чем приверженных курению, что было обусловлено более старшим возрастом, большим количеством соматических заболеваний.
Ключевые слова: профилактика, инсульт, факторы риска, табакокурение.
Ключевые слова: профилактика, инсульт, факторы риска, табакокурение.
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The article presents an overview of current data on the prevalence of the modifiable stroke risk factor-adherence to tobacco smoking, its effect on the frequency of development, the severity of the course and the outcome of acute cerebrovascular accident. The data of the study included the results of treatment of 129 patients admitted to the hospital in the acute period of cerebral stroke. It was shown that the stroke in patients committed to smoking developed statistically significantly at a younger age than non-smokers. A distinct effect of smoking on the severity of the progression of cerebral stroke on the scale of the National Institutes of Health (NIHSS) and recovery of patients was not obtained. At the same time, the functional state of nonsmokers with Rankin's stroke in the debut was statistically significantly heavier than those committed to smoking, which was due to older age, more somatic diseases.
Key words: prevention, stroke, risk factors, tobacco smoking.
Key words: prevention, stroke, risk factors, tobacco smoking.
Полный текст
Список литературы
1. Wolf PA, D'Agostino RB, Kannel WB et al. Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for stroke. The Framingham Study. JAMA 1988; 259 (7): 1025–9.
2. Shah RS, Cole JW. Smoking and stroke: the more you smoke the more you stroke. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2010; 8 (7): 917–32.
3. Котов С.В., Стаховская Л.В., Исакова Е.В. и др. Инсульт: руководство для врачей. Под ред. Л.В.Стаховской, С.В.Котова. М.: МИА, 2014. / Kotov S.V., Stakhovskaia L.V., Isakova E.V. i dr. Insul't: rukovodstvo dlia vrachei. Pod red. L.V.Stakhovskoi, S.V.Kotova. M.: MIA, 2014. [in Russian]
4. http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd-status-report-2014/en/
5. Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association. American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee Circulation 2013; 127 (1): e6–e245.
6. US Department of Health and Human Services; CDC; National Center for Health Statistics. Vital and Health Statistics. Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Adults: National Health Interview Survey 2008; DHHS Pub No.2010–1570: p. 42. www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_10/sr10_242.pdf
7. Hong KS, Bang OY, Kang DW et al. Stroke statistics in Korea: part I. Epidemiology and risk factors: a report from the korean stroke society and clinical research center for stroke. J Stroke 2013; 15 (1): 2–20.
8. Bonita R, Duncan J, Truelsen T et al. Passive smoking as well as active smoking increases the risk of acute stroke. Tob Control 1999; 8; 156–60.
9. Iribarren C, Darbinian J, Klatsky AL, Friedman GD. Cohort study of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk of first ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Neuroepidemiology 2004; 23 (1–2): 38–44.
10. Wilson N, Thomson G. Still dying from second-hand smoke at work: a brief review of the evidence for smoke-free workplaces in New Zealand. N Z Med J 2002; 8: 115 (1165): U240.
11. Bhat VM, Cole JW, Sorkin JD et al. Dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and risk of ischemic stroke in young women. Stroke 2008; 39: 2439–43.
12. Hata J, Doi Y, Ninomiya T et al. Combined effects of smoking and hypercholesterolemia on the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease in Japanese: the Hisayama study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2011; 31: 477–84.
13. Bester J, van Rooy MJ, Mbotwe S et al. Transient ischemic attack during smoking: The thrombotic state of erythrocytes and platelets illustrated visually. Ultrastruct Pathol 2016; 40 (1): 57–9. DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2015.1120840
14. Wang W, Shen G, Shahar E et al. Forced Expiratory Volume in the First Second and Aldosterone as Mediators of Smoking Effect on Stroke in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5 (1): pii: e002689. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002689
15. Hashimoto T, Kikuya M, Ohkubo T et al. Home blood pressure level, blood pressure variability, smoking, and stroke risk in Japanese men: the Ohasama study. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25: 883–91.
16. Lee PN, Fry JS. Systematic review of the evidence relating FEV1 decline to giving up smoking. BMC Med 2010; 8: 84.
17. Bowman TS, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Sesso HD. A prospective study of cigarette smoking and risk of incident hypertension in women. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50 (21): 2085–92.
18. Heeringa J, Kors JA, Hofman A et al. Cigarette smoking and risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam Study. Am Heart J 2008; 156 (6): 1163–9.
19. Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vaziri SM et al. Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham Heart Study. JAMA 1994; 271 (11): 840–4.
20. Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA 2001; 285 (18): 2370–5.
21. Satoh M, Kikuya M, Ohkubo T et al. Aldosterone‐to‐renin ratio as a predictor of stroke under conditions of high sodium intake: the Ohasama study. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25: 777–83.
22. Albertsen IE, Overvad TF, Lip GY, Larsen TB. Smoking, atrial fibrillation, and ischemic stroke: a confluence of epidemics. Curr Opin Cardiol 2015; 30 (5): 512–7. DOI: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000205
23. Gutierrez J, Koch S, Dong C et al. Racial and ethnic disparities in stroke subtypes: a multiethnic sample of patients with stroke. Neurol Sci 2014; 35 (4): 577–82. DOI: 10.1007/s10072-013-1561-z
24. Angoulvant D, Villejoubert O, Bejan-Angoulvant T et al. Effect of Active Smoking on Comparative Efficacy of Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The Loire Valley Atrial Fibrillation Project. Chest 2015; 148 (2): 491–8. DOI: 10.1378/chest.14-3006
25. Kumagai N, Okuhara Y, Iiyama T et al. Effects of smoking on outcomes after acute atherothrombotic stroke in Japanese men. J Neurol Sci 2013; 335 (1–2): 164–8.
26. Edjoc RK, Reid RD, Sharma M, Fang J. The prognostic effect of cigarette smoking on stroke severity, disability, length of stay in hospital, and mortality in a cohort with cerebrovascular disease. Registry of the Canadian Stroke Network. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2013; 22 (8): e446–54.
27. Fekete K, Szatmári S, Szőcs I et al. Prestroke alcohol consumption and smoking are not associated with stroke severity, disability at discharge, and case fatality. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2014; 23 (1): e31–7.
28. Moulin S, Padjen-Bogosavljevic V, Marichal A et al. Influence of differences in case mix on the better outcome of smokers after intravenous thrombolysis for acute cerebral ischemia. Eur Neurol 2012; 67 (3): 178–83.
29. Weng WC, Huang WY, Chien YY et al. The impact of smoking on the severity of acute ischemic stroke. J Neurol Sci 2011; 308 (1–2): 94–7.
30. Ali SF, Smith EE, Bhatt DL et al. Paradoxical association of smoking with in-hospital mortality among patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2 (3): e000171
31. Bang OY, Park HY, Lee PH et al. Improved outcome after atherosclerotic stroke in male smoker. J Neurol Sci 2007; 260 (1–2): 43–8.
32. Kufner A, Nolte CH, Galinovic I et al. Smoking-thrombolysis paradox: recanalization and reperfusion rates after intravenous tissue plasminogen activator in smokers with ischemic stroke. Stroke 2013; 44 (2): 407–13.
33. Ovbiagele B, Saver JL. The smoking-thrombolysis paradox and acute ischemic stroke. Neurology 2005; 65 (2): 293–5.
34. Tong X, Wang C, Liao X et al. Thrombolysis Implementation and Monitor of Acute Ischemic Stroke in China (TIMS-China) Investigators. Smoking-Thrombolysis Relationship Depends on Ischemic Stroke Subtype. Stroke 2016; 47 (7): 1811–6. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.013124
35. Lee JH, Lee JY, Ahn SH et al. Smoking is Not a Good Prognostic Factor following First-Ever Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Stroke 2015; 17 (2): 177–91. DOI: 10.5853/jos.2015.17.2.177
36. Козяйкин В.В., Исакова Е.В., Елисеев Ю.В. Ведущие факторы риска инсульта и их контроль у пациентов малого городского поселения Московской области. Альманах клин. медицины. 2015; 39: 56–61. / Koziaikin V.V., Isakova E.V., Eliseev Iu.V. Vedushchie faktory riska insul'ta i ikh kontrol' u patsientov malogo gorodskogo poseleniia Moskovskoi oblasti. Al'manakh klin. meditsiny. 2015; 39: 56–61. [in Russian]
37. Ha E, Jo JY, Ahn AL et al. Predictors of Successful Smoking Cessation after Inpatient Intervention for Stroke Patients. Korean J Fam Med 2016; 37 (2): 85–90. DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.2.85
38. Верещагина Е.В., Исакова Е.В., Котов С.В. Анализ медицинской грамотности и определение степени риска развития инсульта у пожилых пациентов. Клин. геронтология. 2011; 17 (9–10): 73. / Vereshchagina E.V., Isakova E.V., Kotov S.V. Analiz meditsinskoi gramotnosti i opredelenie stepeni riska razvitiia insul'ta u pozhilykh patsientov. Klin. gerontologiia. 2011; 17 (9–10): 73. [in Russian]
39. Верещагина Е.В., Кель Н.В., Лобанов Д.А. и др. Стратификация риска инсульта у лиц группы риска. Клин. геронтология. 2012; 18 (5–6): 15–19. / Vereshchagina E.V., Kel' N.V., Lobanov D.A. i dr. Stratifikatsiia riska insul'ta u lits gruppy riska. Klin. gerontologiia. 2012; 18 (5–6): 15–19. [in Russian]
40. Bienkowski P, Zatorski P, Glebicka A et al. Readiness Visual Analog Scale: A Simple Way to Predict Post-Stroke Smoking Behavior. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2015; 12 (8): 9536–41. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120809536
2. Shah RS, Cole JW. Smoking and stroke: the more you smoke the more you stroke. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2010; 8 (7): 917–32.
3. Котов С.В., Стаховская Л.В., Исакова Е.В. и др. Инсульт: руководство для врачей. Под ред. Л.В.Стаховской, С.В.Котова. М.: МИА, 2014. / Kotov S.V., Stakhovskaia L.V., Isakova E.V. i dr. Insul't: rukovodstvo dlia vrachei. Pod red. L.V.Stakhovskoi, S.V.Kotova. M.: MIA, 2014. [in Russian]
4. http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd-status-report-2014/en/
5. Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association. American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee Circulation 2013; 127 (1): e6–e245.
6. US Department of Health and Human Services; CDC; National Center for Health Statistics. Vital and Health Statistics. Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Adults: National Health Interview Survey 2008; DHHS Pub No.2010–1570: p. 42. www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_10/sr10_242.pdf
7. Hong KS, Bang OY, Kang DW et al. Stroke statistics in Korea: part I. Epidemiology and risk factors: a report from the korean stroke society and clinical research center for stroke. J Stroke 2013; 15 (1): 2–20.
8. Bonita R, Duncan J, Truelsen T et al. Passive smoking as well as active smoking increases the risk of acute stroke. Tob Control 1999; 8; 156–60.
9. Iribarren C, Darbinian J, Klatsky AL, Friedman GD. Cohort study of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk of first ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Neuroepidemiology 2004; 23 (1–2): 38–44.
10. Wilson N, Thomson G. Still dying from second-hand smoke at work: a brief review of the evidence for smoke-free workplaces in New Zealand. N Z Med J 2002; 8: 115 (1165): U240.
11. Bhat VM, Cole JW, Sorkin JD et al. Dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and risk of ischemic stroke in young women. Stroke 2008; 39: 2439–43.
12. Hata J, Doi Y, Ninomiya T et al. Combined effects of smoking and hypercholesterolemia on the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease in Japanese: the Hisayama study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2011; 31: 477–84.
13. Bester J, van Rooy MJ, Mbotwe S et al. Transient ischemic attack during smoking: The thrombotic state of erythrocytes and platelets illustrated visually. Ultrastruct Pathol 2016; 40 (1): 57–9. DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2015.1120840
14. Wang W, Shen G, Shahar E et al. Forced Expiratory Volume in the First Second and Aldosterone as Mediators of Smoking Effect on Stroke in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5 (1): pii: e002689. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002689
15. Hashimoto T, Kikuya M, Ohkubo T et al. Home blood pressure level, blood pressure variability, smoking, and stroke risk in Japanese men: the Ohasama study. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25: 883–91.
16. Lee PN, Fry JS. Systematic review of the evidence relating FEV1 decline to giving up smoking. BMC Med 2010; 8: 84.
17. Bowman TS, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Sesso HD. A prospective study of cigarette smoking and risk of incident hypertension in women. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50 (21): 2085–92.
18. Heeringa J, Kors JA, Hofman A et al. Cigarette smoking and risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam Study. Am Heart J 2008; 156 (6): 1163–9.
19. Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vaziri SM et al. Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham Heart Study. JAMA 1994; 271 (11): 840–4.
20. Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA 2001; 285 (18): 2370–5.
21. Satoh M, Kikuya M, Ohkubo T et al. Aldosterone‐to‐renin ratio as a predictor of stroke under conditions of high sodium intake: the Ohasama study. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25: 777–83.
22. Albertsen IE, Overvad TF, Lip GY, Larsen TB. Smoking, atrial fibrillation, and ischemic stroke: a confluence of epidemics. Curr Opin Cardiol 2015; 30 (5): 512–7. DOI: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000205
23. Gutierrez J, Koch S, Dong C et al. Racial and ethnic disparities in stroke subtypes: a multiethnic sample of patients with stroke. Neurol Sci 2014; 35 (4): 577–82. DOI: 10.1007/s10072-013-1561-z
24. Angoulvant D, Villejoubert O, Bejan-Angoulvant T et al. Effect of Active Smoking on Comparative Efficacy of Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The Loire Valley Atrial Fibrillation Project. Chest 2015; 148 (2): 491–8. DOI: 10.1378/chest.14-3006
25. Kumagai N, Okuhara Y, Iiyama T et al. Effects of smoking on outcomes after acute atherothrombotic stroke in Japanese men. J Neurol Sci 2013; 335 (1–2): 164–8.
26. Edjoc RK, Reid RD, Sharma M, Fang J. The prognostic effect of cigarette smoking on stroke severity, disability, length of stay in hospital, and mortality in a cohort with cerebrovascular disease. Registry of the Canadian Stroke Network. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2013; 22 (8): e446–54.
27. Fekete K, Szatmári S, Szőcs I et al. Prestroke alcohol consumption and smoking are not associated with stroke severity, disability at discharge, and case fatality. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2014; 23 (1): e31–7.
28. Moulin S, Padjen-Bogosavljevic V, Marichal A et al. Influence of differences in case mix on the better outcome of smokers after intravenous thrombolysis for acute cerebral ischemia. Eur Neurol 2012; 67 (3): 178–83.
29. Weng WC, Huang WY, Chien YY et al. The impact of smoking on the severity of acute ischemic stroke. J Neurol Sci 2011; 308 (1–2): 94–7.
30. Ali SF, Smith EE, Bhatt DL et al. Paradoxical association of smoking with in-hospital mortality among patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2 (3): e000171
31. Bang OY, Park HY, Lee PH et al. Improved outcome after atherosclerotic stroke in male smoker. J Neurol Sci 2007; 260 (1–2): 43–8.
32. Kufner A, Nolte CH, Galinovic I et al. Smoking-thrombolysis paradox: recanalization and reperfusion rates after intravenous tissue plasminogen activator in smokers with ischemic stroke. Stroke 2013; 44 (2): 407–13.
33. Ovbiagele B, Saver JL. The smoking-thrombolysis paradox and acute ischemic stroke. Neurology 2005; 65 (2): 293–5.
34. Tong X, Wang C, Liao X et al. Thrombolysis Implementation and Monitor of Acute Ischemic Stroke in China (TIMS-China) Investigators. Smoking-Thrombolysis Relationship Depends on Ischemic Stroke Subtype. Stroke 2016; 47 (7): 1811–6. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.013124
35. Lee JH, Lee JY, Ahn SH et al. Smoking is Not a Good Prognostic Factor following First-Ever Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Stroke 2015; 17 (2): 177–91. DOI: 10.5853/jos.2015.17.2.177
36. Козяйкин В.В., Исакова Е.В., Елисеев Ю.В. Ведущие факторы риска инсульта и их контроль у пациентов малого городского поселения Московской области. Альманах клин. медицины. 2015; 39: 56–61. / Koziaikin V.V., Isakova E.V., Eliseev Iu.V. Vedushchie faktory riska insul'ta i ikh kontrol' u patsientov malogo gorodskogo poseleniia Moskovskoi oblasti. Al'manakh klin. meditsiny. 2015; 39: 56–61. [in Russian]
37. Ha E, Jo JY, Ahn AL et al. Predictors of Successful Smoking Cessation after Inpatient Intervention for Stroke Patients. Korean J Fam Med 2016; 37 (2): 85–90. DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.2.85
38. Верещагина Е.В., Исакова Е.В., Котов С.В. Анализ медицинской грамотности и определение степени риска развития инсульта у пожилых пациентов. Клин. геронтология. 2011; 17 (9–10): 73. / Vereshchagina E.V., Isakova E.V., Kotov S.V. Analiz meditsinskoi gramotnosti i opredelenie stepeni riska razvitiia insul'ta u pozhilykh patsientov. Klin. gerontologiia. 2011; 17 (9–10): 73. [in Russian]
39. Верещагина Е.В., Кель Н.В., Лобанов Д.А. и др. Стратификация риска инсульта у лиц группы риска. Клин. геронтология. 2012; 18 (5–6): 15–19. / Vereshchagina E.V., Kel' N.V., Lobanov D.A. i dr. Stratifikatsiia riska insul'ta u lits gruppy riska. Klin. gerontologiia. 2012; 18 (5–6): 15–19. [in Russian]
40. Bienkowski P, Zatorski P, Glebicka A et al. Readiness Visual Analog Scale: A Simple Way to Predict Post-Stroke Smoking Behavior. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2015; 12 (8): 9536–41. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120809536
________________________________________________
1. Wolf PA, D'Agostino RB, Kannel WB et al. Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for stroke. The Framingham Study. JAMA 1988; 259 (7): 1025–9.
2. Shah RS, Cole JW. Smoking and stroke: the more you smoke the more you stroke. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2010; 8 (7): 917–32.
3. Kotov S.V., Stakhovskaia L.V., Isakova E.V. i dr. Insul't: rukovodstvo dlia vrachei. Pod red. L.V.Stakhovskoi, S.V.Kotova. M.: MIA, 2014. [in Russian]
4. http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd-status-report-2014/en/
5. Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association. American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee Circulation 2013; 127 (1): e6–e245.
6. US Department of Health and Human Services; CDC; National Center for Health Statistics. Vital and Health Statistics. Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Adults: National Health Interview Survey 2008; DHHS Pub No.2010–1570: p. 42. www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_10/sr10_242.pdf
7. Hong KS, Bang OY, Kang DW et al. Stroke statistics in Korea: part I. Epidemiology and risk factors: a report from the korean stroke society and clinical research center for stroke. J Stroke 2013; 15 (1): 2–20.
8. Bonita R, Duncan J, Truelsen T et al. Passive smoking as well as active smoking increases the risk of acute stroke. Tob Control 1999; 8; 156–60.
9. Iribarren C, Darbinian J, Klatsky AL, Friedman GD. Cohort study of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk of first ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Neuroepidemiology 2004; 23 (1–2): 38–44.
10. Wilson N, Thomson G. Still dying from second-hand smoke at work: a brief review of the evidence for smoke-free workplaces in New Zealand. N Z Med J 2002; 8: 115 (1165): U240.
11. Bhat VM, Cole JW, Sorkin JD et al. Dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and risk of ischemic stroke in young women. Stroke 2008; 39: 2439–43.
12. Hata J, Doi Y, Ninomiya T et al. Combined effects of smoking and hypercholesterolemia on the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease in Japanese: the Hisayama study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2011; 31: 477–84.
13. Bester J, van Rooy MJ, Mbotwe S et al. Transient ischemic attack during smoking: The thrombotic state of erythrocytes and platelets illustrated visually. Ultrastruct Pathol 2016; 40 (1): 57–9. DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2015.1120840
14. Wang W, Shen G, Shahar E et al. Forced Expiratory Volume in the First Second and Aldosterone as Mediators of Smoking Effect on Stroke in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5 (1): pii: e002689. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002689
15. Hashimoto T, Kikuya M, Ohkubo T et al. Home blood pressure level, blood pressure variability, smoking, and stroke risk in Japanese men: the Ohasama study. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25: 883–91.
16. Lee PN, Fry JS. Systematic review of the evidence relating FEV1 decline to giving up smoking. BMC Med 2010; 8: 84.
17. Bowman TS, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Sesso HD. A prospective study of cigarette smoking and risk of incident hypertension in women. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50 (21): 2085–92.
18. Heeringa J, Kors JA, Hofman A et al. Cigarette smoking and risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam Study. Am Heart J 2008; 156 (6): 1163–9.
19. Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vaziri SM et al. Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham Heart Study. JAMA 1994; 271 (11): 840–4.
20. Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA 2001; 285 (18): 2370–5.
21. Satoh M, Kikuya M, Ohkubo T et al. Aldosterone‐to‐renin ratio as a predictor of stroke under conditions of high sodium intake: the Ohasama study. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25: 777–83.
22. Albertsen IE, Overvad TF, Lip GY, Larsen TB. Smoking, atrial fibrillation, and ischemic stroke: a confluence of epidemics. Curr Opin Cardiol 2015; 30 (5): 512–7. DOI: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000205
23. Gutierrez J, Koch S, Dong C et al. Racial and ethnic disparities in stroke subtypes: a multiethnic sample of patients with stroke. Neurol Sci 2014; 35 (4): 577–82. DOI: 10.1007/s10072-013-1561-z
24. Angoulvant D, Villejoubert O, Bejan-Angoulvant T et al. Effect of Active Smoking on Comparative Efficacy of Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The Loire Valley Atrial Fibrillation Project. Chest 2015; 148 (2): 491–8. DOI: 10.1378/chest.14-3006
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Авторы
В.В.Козяйкин, С.В.Котов*, Е.В.Исакова
ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф.Владимирского». 129110, Россия, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2
*kotovsv@yandex.ru
ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф.Владимирского». 129110, Россия, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2
*kotovsv@yandex.ru
________________________________________________
V.V.Koziaikin, S.V.Kotov*, E.V.Isakova
M.F.Vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Clinical Institute. 129110, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Shchepkina, d. 61/2
*kotovsv@yandex.ru
M.F.Vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Clinical Institute. 129110, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Shchepkina, d. 61/2
*kotovsv@yandex.ru
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