Причины поздней диагностики острого ишемического инсульта у детей
Причины поздней диагностики острого ишемического инсульта у детей
Щедеркина И.О., Заваденко Н.Н., Лившиц М.И. и др. Причины поздней диагностики острого ишемического инсульта у детей. Consilium Medicum. 2017; 19 (9): 26–30. DOI: 10.26442/2075-1753_19.9.26-30
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Shchederkina I.O., Zavadenko N.N., Livshits M.I. et al. Causes of late diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke in children. Consilium Medicum. 2017; 19 (9): 26–30. DOI: 10.26442/2075-1753_19.9.26-30
Причины поздней диагностики острого ишемического инсульта у детей
Щедеркина И.О., Заваденко Н.Н., Лившиц М.И. и др. Причины поздней диагностики острого ишемического инсульта у детей. Consilium Medicum. 2017; 19 (9): 26–30. DOI: 10.26442/2075-1753_19.9.26-30
________________________________________________
Shchederkina I.O., Zavadenko N.N., Livshits M.I. et al. Causes of late diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke in children. Consilium Medicum. 2017; 19 (9): 26–30. DOI: 10.26442/2075-1753_19.9.26-30
В представленном обзоре литературы анализируются современные подходы к диагностике ишемического инсульта (ИИ) в детском возрасте, причины трудностей в своевременной постановке данного диагноза. Спектр патологических состояний, приводящих к ИИ в детском возрасте, является очень широким, что существенно затрудняет их верификацию. Кроме того, ИИ манифестирует у детей разнообразными симптомами, что требует проведения широкого дифференциально-диагностического поиска. «Маски» детского ИИ могут быть представлены такими состояниями, как мигрень с аурой, впервые возникшие судороги, очаговые интракраниальные поражения (опухоль, демиелинизация), паралич Белла, конверсионные расстройства. Некоторые причины поздней диагностики ИИ неизменны, среди них клинические и нейрорадиографические особенности заболевания. Другие можно изменить, привлекая внимание клиницистов и населения к проблеме детского инсульта с разъяснением того, что своевременный диагноз, терапия, начатая как можно раньше, быстрая доставка пациента в многопрофильный стационар, имеющий бригаду специалистов, подготовленных в оказании помощи при детском инсульте, улучшают прогноз, снижая инвалидизацию и смертность.
The presented review of the literature analyzes modern approaches to the diagnosis of ischemic stroke (IS) in childhood, the reasons for the difficulties in the timely formulation of this diagnosis. The spectrum of pathological conditions leading to IS in childhood is very wide, which makes their verification much more difficult. In addition, IS manifests in children a variety of symptoms, which requires a wide differential-diagnostic search. "Masks" of children's IS can be represented by such conditions as migraine with aura, first arising seizures, focal intracranial lesions (swelling, demyelination), Bell's paralysis, conversion disorders. Some reasons for the late diagnosis of IS are unchanged, among them clinical and neuroradiographic features of the disease. Others can be changed by drawing the attention of clinicians and the public to the problem of pediatric stroke, explaining that a timely diagnosis, therapy started as early as possible, fast delivery of the patient to a multi-purpose hospital with a team of specialists trained in the management of pediatric stroke improves the prognosis, reducing disability and mortality.
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2. Rivkin MJ, Bernard TJ, Dowing MM, Amlie-Lefond C. Guidelines for urgent management of stroke in children. Pediatr Neurol 2016; 56: 8–17. DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2016.01.016
3. Gordon A, Carr L, Ganesan V et al. Outcome after stroke in childhood. In: Stroke and cerebrovascular disease in childhood. Eds. V.Ganesan, F.Kirkham, London: Mac Keith Press, 2011; 340–4.
4. De Heron M. Deaths: leading causes for 2010. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2013; 62: 1–96. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr62/nvsr62_06.pdf
5. Roach ES, Golomb MR, Adams R et al. Management of Stroke in Infants and Children: A Scientific Statement From a Special Writing Group of the American Heart Association Stroke Council and the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young. Stroke 2008; 39: 2644–91. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.189696
6. Jordan LC, Hillis AE. Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric stroke. Nat Rev Neurol 2011; 7 (4): 199–208. DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.23
7. Зыков В.П., Комарова И.Б., Ушакова Л.В. Диагностика и лечение артериального ишемического инсульта у детей в остром периоде. Вопр. соврем. педиатрии. 2011; 10 (4): 70–7. / Zykov V.P., Komarova I.B., Ushakova L.V. Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'nogo ishemicheskogo insul'ta u detei v ostrom periode. Vopr. sovrem. pediatrii. 2011; 10 (4): 70–7. [in Russian]
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10. Roach ES, Lo WD, Heyer GL. Pediatric stroke and cerebrovascular disorders. 3rd edition. New York: Demos Medical, 2012.
11. Rafay MF, Pontigon AM, Chiang S et al. Delay to diagnosis in acute pediatric arterial ischemic stroke. Stroke 2009; 40: 58–64. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.519066
12. Aroor S, Singh R, Goldstein LB. BE-FAST (Balance, Eyes, Face, Arm, Speech, Time): Reducing the Proportion of Strokes Missed Using the FAST Mnemonic. Stroke 2017; 48: 479–81. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015169
13. Mackay MT, Churilov L, Donnan GA et al. Performance of bedside stroke recognition tools in discriminating childhood stroke from mimics. Neurology 2016; 86 (23): 2154–61. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002736.
14. Gorman KM, Wainwright MS. Adult stroke screening tool in childhood ischemic stroke. Pediatric Neurology Briefs 2017; 31 (1): 3. DOI: http://doi.org/10.15844/pedneurbriefs-31-1-3
15. Mallick AA, Ganesan V, Kirkham FJ et al. Diagnostic delays in paediatric stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015; 86 (8): 917–21. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-309188
16. Martin C, von Elm E, El-Koussy M et al; Swiss Neuropediatric Stroke Registry study group. Delayed diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke in children – aregistry-based study in Switzerland. Swiss Med Wkly 2011; 141: w13281. DOI: 10.4414/smw.2011.13281
17. Srinivasan J, Miller SP, Phan TG, Mackay MT. Delayed recognition of initial stroke in children: need for increased awareness. Pediatrics 2009; 124: e227–e234. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2008-3544
18. Huici-Sánchez M, Escuredo-Argullós L, Trenchs-Sáinz de la Maza V, Luaces-Cubells C. Stroke in children. Experience in an emergency service. Rev Neurol 2014; 59 (3): 106–10.
19. Shellhaas RA, Smith SE, O'Tool E et al. Mimics of childhood stroke: characteristics of a prospective cohort. Pediatrics 2006; 118 (2): 704–9. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2005-2676
20. Gabis LV, Yangala R, Lenn NJ. Time lag to diagnosis of stroke in children. Pediatrcs 2002; 110 (5): 924–8.
21. Lander TR, Mahdi J, Gindville MC et al. Pediatric acute stroke protocol activation in a children’s hospital emergency department. Stroke 2015; 46 (8): 2328–31. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.009961.
________________________________________________
1. De Veber G. The epidemiology of childhood stroke. In: Stroke and cerebrovascular disease in childhood. Eds. V.Ganesan, F.Kirkham, London: Mac Keith Press, 2011; p. 22–6.
2. Rivkin MJ, Bernard TJ, Dowing MM, Amlie-Lefond C. Guidelines for urgent management of stroke in children. Pediatr Neurol 2016; 56: 8–17. DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2016.01.016
3. Gordon A, Carr L, Ganesan V et al. Outcome after stroke in childhood. In: Stroke and cerebrovascular disease in childhood. Eds. V.Ganesan, F.Kirkham, London: Mac Keith Press, 2011; 340–4.
4. De Heron M. Deaths: leading causes for 2010. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2013; 62: 1–96. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr62/nvsr62_06.pdf
5. Roach ES, Golomb MR, Adams R et al. Management of Stroke in Infants and Children: A Scientific Statement From a Special Writing Group of the American Heart Association Stroke Council and the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young. Stroke 2008; 39: 2644–91. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.189696
6. Jordan LC, Hillis AE. Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric stroke. Nat Rev Neurol 2011; 7 (4): 199–208. DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.23
7. Zykov V.P., Komarova I.B., Ushakova L.V. Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'nogo ishemicheskogo insul'ta u detei v ostrom periode. Vopr. sovrem. pediatrii. 2011; 10 (4): 70–7. [in Russian]
8. Minin A.V., Pal'chik A.B., Pshenichnaia K.I. Osobennosti techeniia arterial'nykh ishemicheskikh insul'tov u detei. Neirokhirurgiia i nevrologiia detskogo vozrasta. 2015; 4 (46): 18–27. [in Russian]
9. L'vova O.A., Kovtun O.P. Kliniko-laboratornye kriterii rannei diagnostiki ishemicheskogo insul'ta u detei. Med. nauka i obrazovanie Urala. 2016; 17 (4): 10–5. [in Russian]
10. Roach ES, Lo WD, Heyer GL. Pediatric stroke and cerebrovascular disorders. 3rd edition. New York: Demos Medical, 2012.
11. Rafay MF, Pontigon AM, Chiang S et al. Delay to diagnosis in acute pediatric arterial ischemic stroke. Stroke 2009; 40: 58–64. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.519066
12. Aroor S, Singh R, Goldstein LB. BE-FAST (Balance, Eyes, Face, Arm, Speech, Time): Reducing the Proportion of Strokes Missed Using the FAST Mnemonic. Stroke 2017; 48: 479–81. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015169
13. Mackay MT, Churilov L, Donnan GA et al. Performance of bedside stroke recognition tools in discriminating childhood stroke from mimics. Neurology 2016; 86 (23): 2154–61. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002736.
14. Gorman KM, Wainwright MS. Adult stroke screening tool in childhood ischemic stroke. Pediatric Neurology Briefs 2017; 31 (1): 3. DOI: http://doi.org/10.15844/pedneurbriefs-31-1-3
15. Mallick AA, Ganesan V, Kirkham FJ et al. Diagnostic delays in paediatric stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015; 86 (8): 917–21. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-309188
16. Martin C, von Elm E, El-Koussy M et al; Swiss Neuropediatric Stroke Registry study group. Delayed diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke in children – aregistry-based study in Switzerland. Swiss Med Wkly 2011; 141: w13281. DOI: 10.4414/smw.2011.13281
17. Srinivasan J, Miller SP, Phan TG, Mackay MT. Delayed recognition of initial stroke in children: need for increased awareness. Pediatrics 2009; 124: e227–e234. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2008-3544
18. Huici-Sánchez M, Escuredo-Argullós L, Trenchs-Sáinz de la Maza V, Luaces-Cubells C. Stroke in children. Experience in an emergency service. Rev Neurol 2014; 59 (3): 106–10.
19. Shellhaas RA, Smith SE, O'Tool E et al. Mimics of childhood stroke: characteristics of a prospective cohort. Pediatrics 2006; 118 (2): 704–9. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2005-2676
20. Gabis LV, Yangala R, Lenn NJ. Time lag to diagnosis of stroke in children. Pediatrcs 2002; 110 (5): 924–8.
21. Lander TR, Mahdi J, Gindville MC et al. Pediatric acute stroke protocol activation in a children’s hospital emergency department. Stroke 2015; 46 (8): 2328–31. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.009961.
1 ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы. 119049, Россия, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., д. 1/9;
2 ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И.Пирогова» Минздрава России. 117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1;
3 ГБУ «Станция скорой и неотложной медицинской помощи им. А.С.Пучкова» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы. 129090, Россия, Москва, 1-й Коптельский пер., д. 3, стр. 1;
4 ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова» Минздрава России. 127473, Россия, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1 *schederkina@bk.ru
1 Morozovskaya Children City Clinical Hospital of the Department of Health of Moscow. 119049, Russian Federation, Moscow, 4-i Dobryninskii per., d. 1/9;
2 N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 117997, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Ostrovitianova, d. 1;
3 A.S.Puchkov Emergency and First Aid Station of the Department of Health of Moscow. 129090, Russian Federation, Moscow, 1-i Koptel'skii per., d. 3, str. 1;
4 A.I.Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 127473, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Delegatskaia, d. 20, str. 1 *schederkina@bk.ru