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Малоизвестный синдром задней обратимой энцефалопатии, требующий неотложной помощи
Малоизвестный синдром задней обратимой энцефалопатии, требующий неотложной помощи
Для цитирования: Гудкова В.В., Кимельфельд Е.И., Стаховская Л.В. Малоизвестный синдром задней обратимой энцефалопатии, требующий неотложной помощи. Consilium Medicum. 2018; 20 (2): 84–89. DOI: 10.26442/2075-1753_2018.2.84-89
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Аннотация
В статье представлен обзор литературы по синдрому задней обратимой энцефалопатии – Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES). Отражены факторы риска, способствующие развитию синдрома, клинические проявления, радиологические признаки, механизмы формирования, лечение, прогноз течения и исхода данного вида энцефалопатии. Отмечено, что клинико-радиологические расстройства при PRES обусловлены вазогенным отеком головного мозга, спровоцированным различными патологическими состояниями, лекарственными средствами и некоторыми лечебными процедурами. Подчеркнуто, что своевременная диагностика синдрома и адекватная помощь приводят к купированию возникших клинико-радиологических расстройств и что первой неотложной помощью являются анализ и устранение причин, вызвавших данный синдром. Симптоматическая терапия PRES включает антигипертензивную и антиэпилептическую терапию.
Ключевые слова: синдром задней обратимой энцефалопатии, факторы риска, симптоматическая терапия.
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The article presents a literature review on posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Risk factors that promote the syndrome development, clinical manifestations, radiological signs, formation mechanisms, treatment, disease course and outcome prognosis of this encephalopathy are discussed. It is noted that clinical and radiological changes in PRES are determined by vasogenic cerebral oedema provoked by various pathological conditions, medications and treatment procedures. It is outlined that early diagnosis and adequate treatment result in clinical and radiological changes reduction. Аlso the emergency management includes analysis and elimination of causes that resulted in syndrome development. PRES symptoms management includes antihypertensive and antiepileptic therapy use.
Key words: posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, risk factors, symptoms management.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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3. Bogdanov E.I., Khasanov I.A., Mamedov Kh.I. Sindrom zadnei obratimoi leikoentsefalopatii u bol'nykh s preeklampsiei i eklampsiei. Nevrologich. zhurn. 2011; 5: 35–40. [in Russian]
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5. Cai X, Raibagkar P, Shleicher SM. Management of Posterior Reversible Syndrom Induced by Carbizomib in Patitnt With Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Oncol 2016. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2013.49.6166
6.Dobrynina L.A., Kalashnikova L.A., Bakulin I.S. i dr. Sindrom zadnei obratimoi entsefalopatii pri gipokal'tsiemii: opisanie nabliudeniia i analiz patogeneticheskoi znachimosti elektrolitnykh narushenii. Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova. 2016; 116 (7): 70–7. [in Russian]
7. Sodalagunta MB, Kumbhat M, Nataraju AS. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Oxford Medical Case Reports 2017; 2017. Issue 4. https: //doi.org/10.1093/omcr/omx011
8. Chou SO, Lai PH, Yeh LR et al. Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome: magnetic resonance imaging and diffusionweighted imaging in 12 cases. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2004; 20 (8): 381–8.
9. Bartynski WS, Boardman JF. Distinct imaging patterns and lesion distribution in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28 (7): 1320–7. DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A0549
10. Lee VH, Wijdicks EF, Manno EM, Rabinstein AA. Clinical spectrum of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. Arch Neurol 2008; 65 (2): 205–10. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2007.46
11. Fugate JE, Claassen DO, Cloft HJ et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: associated clinical and radiologic findings. Mayo Clin Proc 2010; 85 (5): 427–32. DOI: 10.4065/mcp.2009.0590
12. Delyagin V.M., Serdyuk O.A., Balashov D.N. et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children with hematological and oncology diseases. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2017; 19 (1): 69–74. [in Russian]
13. Legriel, S, Pico F, Azoulay E. Understanding Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome J.-L. Vincent (ed.). Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, 2011; p. 631–53. Springer Science + Business Media LLC 2011. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-18081-1
14. Fischer M, Schmutzhard E. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. J Neurol 2017; 264: 1608–16.
15. Burnett M, Hess C, Roberts J et al. Presentation of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in patients on calcineurin inhibitors. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2010; 112: 886–9.
16. Pizova N.V. Sindrom obratimoi zadnei leikoentsefalopatii pri sistemnoi krasnoi volchanke. Nevrologich. zhurn. 2014; 19 (6): 44–9. [in Russian]
17. Jayaweera et al. Cyclophosphamide-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES): a case report. J Med Case Reports 2014; 8: 442. DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-8-442
18. Stevens CJ, Heran MK. The many faces of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome Br J Radiol 2012; 85: 1566–75. Crossref, Medline.
19. Vaughn С, Zhang L, Schiff D. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in cancer. Curr Oncol Rep 2008; 10: 86–91. Crossref, Medline.
20. Bartynski W, Boardman J, Zeigler Z et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in infection, sepsis, and shock. AJNR 2006; 27: 2179–90.
21. Bartynski WS, Tan HP, Boardman JF et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome after solid organ transplantation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29 (5): 924–30. DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A0960
22. Fugate JE. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: clinical and radiological manifestations, pathophysiology, and outstanding questions. Lancet Neurol 2015; 14 (9): 914–25. DOI: http: //dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00111-8
23. Bartynski WS. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, Part 1: fundamental imaging and clinical. Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29 (6): 1036–42. DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A0928
24. Grioni D, Rovelli A, Pavan F, Prunotto G. The diagnosis of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Lancet Neurol 2015; 14 (11): 1073–4. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00254-9
25. Bobylova M.Iu., Zakharova A.Iu., Khomiakova S.P. Elektroentsefalograficheskie izmeneniia i prognoz razvitiia epilepsii pri sindrome obratimoi zadnei leikoentsefalopatii (SOZL): obzor literatury. Ros. zhurn. detskoi nevrologii. 2017; 12 (2): 43–51. DOI: 10.17650/2073-8803-2017-12-2-08-20 [in Russian]
26. Karuppannasammy D, Vikrant K, Raghuram A, Kumaar T. Cortical visual loss in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in late postpartum eclampsia: case series. Indian J Ophthalmol 2014; 62: 635–8. DOI: 10.4103 / 0301-4738.133525
27. Moussouttas M, Mayer SA. Thunderclap headache with normal CT and lumbar puncture. Further investigations are unnecessary: against. Stroke 2008; 39 (4): 1394–5.
28. Sergeev A.V., Osipova V.V., Tabeeva G.R., Snopkova E.V. Sindrom obratimoi tserebral'noi vazokonstriktsii. Nevrologich. zhurn. 2012; 3: 4–11. [in Russian]
29. McKinney AM, Short J, Truwit CL et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: incidence of atypical regions of involvement and imaging findings. Am J Roentgenol 2007; 189: 904–12. DOI: 10.2214/ajr.07.2024
30. Kastrup O, Gerwig M, Frings M, Diener HC. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES): electroencephalographic findings and seizure patterns. J Neurol 2012; 259 (7): 1383–9. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-011-6362-9
31. Skiba V, Etienne M, Miller JA. Development of chronic epilepsy after recurrent episodes of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome associated with periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges. Seizure 2011; 20 (1): 93–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2010.10.005
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Авторы
В.В.Гудкова*, Е.И.Кимельфельд, Л.В.Стаховская
ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И.Пирогова» Минздрава России. 117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1
________________________________________________
V.V.Gudkova*, E.I.Kimelfeld, L.V.Stakhovskaya
N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 117997, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Ostrovitianova, d. 1
Цель портала OmniDoctor – предоставление профессиональной информации врачам, провизорам и фармацевтам.