Алкоголь и легкие

2. Алексеевская Т.И., Селедцов А.А. Проблема алкогольной смертности на современном этапе. Сиб. мед. журн. 2013; 8: 86–8. / Alekseevskaia T.I., Seledtsov A.A. Problema alkogol'noi smertnosti na sovremennom etape. Sib. med. zhurn. 2013; 8: 86–8. [in Russian]
3. Говорин Н.В., Сахаров А.В. Алкогольная смертность. Томск–Чита: Иван Федоров, 2012. / Govorin N.V., Sakharov A.V. Alkogol'naia smertnost'. Tomsk–Chita: Ivan Fedorov, 2012. [in Russian]
4. Халтурина Д.А., Кротаев А.В. «Русский крест». Факторы, механизмы и пути преодоления демографического кризиса в России. М.: УРСС, 2006. / Khalturina D.A., Krotaev A.V. “Russkii krest”. Faktory, mekhanizmy i puti preodoleniia demograficheskogo krizisa v Rossii. M.: URSS, 2006. [in Russian]
5. Немцов А.В. Российская смертность в свете потребления алкоголя. Демографическое обозрение 2015; 2 (4): 111–35. / Nemtsov A.V. Rossiiskaia smertnost' v svete potrebleniia alkogolia. Demograficheskoe obozrenie 2015; 2 (4): 111–35. [in Russian]
6. Mehta AJ, Guidot DM, Weber KT. Alcohol abuse, the alveolar macrophage and pneumonia. Am J Med Sci 2012; 343 (3): 244–7.
7. Joshi PC, Guidot DM. The alcoholic lung: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and potential therapies. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 292 (4): 813–23.
8. Moss M et al. The role of chronic alcohol abuse in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults. JAMA-US Edition 1996; 275 (1): 50–4.
9. George SC, Hlastala MP, Souders JE, Babb AL. Gas exchange in the airways. J Aerosol Med 1996; 9 (1): 25–33.
10. Sapkota M, Wyatt TA. Alcohol, aldehydes, adducts and airways. Biomolecules 2015; 5 (4): 2987–3008.
11. Шевченко Е.А. и др. Алкоголизм как фактор развития и распространения заболеваний (обзор литературы). Вестн. новых мед. технологий. Электронное издание. 2015; 1 (9): 1–3. / Shevchenko E.A. i dr. Alkogolizm kak faktor razvitiia i rasprostraneniia zabolevanii (obzor literatury). Vestn. novykh med. tekhnologii. Elektronnoe izdanie. 2015; 1 (9): 1–3. [in Russian]
12. Ware LB. Pathophysiology of acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 4 (27): 337–49.
13. Ware LB, Matthay MA. Alveolar fluid clearance is impaired in the majority of patients with acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 6 (167): 1376–83.
14. Arcasoy S et al. Report of the ISHLT Working Group on Primary Lung Graft Dysfunction part I: introduction and methods. J Heart Lung Transplantation 2005; 24 (10): 1451–3.
15. Villar J et al. The ALIEN study: Incidence and outcome of acute respiratory distress syndromein the era of lung protective ventilation. Intensive Care Medicine 2011; 37 (12): 1932–41.
16. Wang CY, Calfee CS, Paul DW et al. One-year mortalityand predictors of death among hospital survivors of acuterespiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Medicine 2014; 40 (3): 388–96.
17. Moss M, Parsons PE, Steinberg KP et al. Chronic alcohol abuse is associated with an increased incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome and severity of multiple organ dysfunction in patients with septic shock. Crit Care Med 2003; 31 (3): 869–77.
18. Guidot DM, Modelska K, Lois M et al. Ethanol ingestion via glutathione depletion impairs alveolar epithelial barrier function in rats. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2000; 279 (1): 127–35.
19. Berkowitz DM et al. Alcohol abuse enhances pulmonary edema in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 2009; 10 (33): 1690–6.
20. Boé DM et al. Alcohol abuse and pulmonary disease. J Leukocyte Biol 2009; 5 (86): 1097–104.
21. Koval M. Claudin heterogeneity and control of lung tight junctions. Annual Rev Physiol 2013; 75: 551–67.
22. Otis JS, Mitchell PO, Kershaw CD et al. Na,K-ATPase expression is increased in the lungs of alcohol-fed rats. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 2008; 32 (4): 699–705.
23. Lieber CS. Biochemical and molecular basis of alcohol-induced injury to liver and other tissues. N Engl J Med 1988; 3 (19): 1639–50.
24. Holguin F, Moss I, Brown LA, Guidot DM. Chronic ethanol ingestion impairs alveolar type II cell glutathione homeostasis and function and predisposes to endotoxin-mediated acute edematous lung injury in rats. J Clin Invest 1998; 101 (4): 761–8.
25. Moss M, Guidot DM, Wong-Lambertina M et al. The effects of chronic alcohol abuse on pulmonary glutathione homeostasis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161 (2–1): 414–9.
26. Kehrer JP, Lund LG. Cellular reducing equivalents and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 1994; 17: 65–75.
27. Найденова Н.Г., Гордеев М.Н. Алкоголизм и патология органов дыхания. Наркология 2002; 4: 23–6. / Naidenova N.G., Gordeev M.N. Alkogolizm i patologiia organov dykhaniia. Narkologiia 2002; 4: 23–6. [in Russian]
28. Murphy SL, Xu J, Kochanek KD. Deaths: Final data for 2010. National Vital Statistics Rep 2013; 61 (4): 1–117.
29. Авдеев С.Н. Аспирационная пневмония: современные подходы к диагностике и терапии. Пульмонология 2009; 2: 5–19. / Avdeev S.N. Aspiratsionnaia pnevmoniia: sovremennye podkhody k diagnostike i terapii. Pul'monologiia 2009; 2: 5–19. [in Russian]
30. Dutta SK, Dukehart M, Narang A, Latham PS. Functional and structural changes in parotid glands of alcoholic cirrhotic patients. Gastroenterology 1989; 96 (2–1): 510–8.
31. Friedlander AH, Marder SR, Pisegna JR, Yagiela JA. Alcohol abuse and dependence: Psychopathology, medical management and dental implications. J Am Dental Assoc 2003; 34 (6): 731–40.
32. Fernandez-Sola J et al. High alcohol intake as a risk and prognostic factor for community acquired pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 1995; 155 (15): 1649–54.
33. Happel KI, Nelson S. Alcohol, immunosuppression, and the lung. Proceed Am Thoracic Soc 2005; 5 (2): 428–32.
34. Sisson JH. Alcohol and airways function in health and disease. Alcohol 2007; 41 (5): 293–307.
35. Brown LA, Ping XD, Harris FL, Gauthier TW. Glutathione availability modulates alveolar macrophage function in the chronic ethanol-fed rat. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 292 (4): 824–32.
36. Joshi PC, Mehta A, Jabber WS et al. Zinc deficiency mediates alcohol-induced alveolar epithelial and macrophage dysfunction in rats. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2009; 41 (2): 207–16.
37. Velasquez A et al. Glutathione replacement preserves the functional surfactant phospholipid pool size and decreases sepsis-mediated lung dysfunction in ethanol-fed rats. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 2002; 26 (8): 1245–51.
38. Romero F, Shah D, Duong M et al. Chronic alcohol ingestion in rats alters lung metabolism, promotes lipid accumulation, and impairs alveolar macrophage functions. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 51 (6): 840–9.
39. Mehta AJ, Yeligar SM, Elon L et al. Alcoholism causes alveolar macrophage zinc deficiency and immune dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 188 (6): 716–23.
41. Wyatt TA et al. Desensitization of PKA‐Stimulated Ciliary Beat Frequency in an Ethanol‐Fed Rat Model of Cigarette Smoke Exposure. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 2004; 7 (28): 998–1004.
42. D'Souza NB et al. Alcohol ingestion impairs host defenses predisposing otherwise healthy mice to Pneumocystis carinii infection. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 1995; 5 (19): 1219–25.
43. D'Souza NB et al. Alcohol Modulates Alveolar Macrophage Tumor Necrosis Factor‐a, Superoxide Anion, and Nitric Oxide Secretion in the Rat. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 1996; 1 (20): 156–63.
44. Jalleh R et al. Alcohol and corpulmonale in chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Br Med J 1993; 6874 (306): 374.
45. Tabak C et al. Alcohol consumption in relation to 20-year COPD mortality and pulmonary function in middle-aged men from three European countries. Epidemiology 2001; 2 (12): 239–45.
46. Frantz S et al. Associations between lung function and alcohol consumption – Assessed by both a questionnaire and a blood marker. Respir Med 2014; 1 (108): 114–21.
47. Greene CC et al. The association between alcohol consumption and risk of COPD exacerbation in a veteran population. Chest 2008; 4 (134): 761–7.
48. Остроумова О.Д. Алкоголь убивает легкие. Мед. газета. 2018; 6: 12. / Ostroumova O.D. Alkogol' ubivaet legkie. Med. gazeta. 2018; 6: 12. [in Russian]
49. Russell JC, Jones RL. Breath ethyl alcohol concentration and analysis in the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Biochem 1983; 3 (16): 604–12.
50. Одиреев А.Н., Колосов В.П., Сурнин Д.Е. Диагностика мукоцилиарной недостаточности у больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких. Бюл. физиологии и патологии дыхания. 2006; 23: 12–5. / Odireev A.N., Kolosov V.P., Surnin D.E. Diagnostika mukotsiliarnoi nedostatochnosti u bol'nykh khronicheskoi obstruktivnoi bolezn'iu legkikh. Biul. fiziologii i patologii dykhaniia. 2006; 23: 12–5. [in Russian]
51. Forgèt MA, Sisson JH, Spurzem JR, Wyatt TA. Ethanol increases phosphodiesterase 4 activity in bovine bronchial epithelial cells. Alcohol 2003; 31 (1–2): 31–8.
52. Bechara RI et al. Angiotensin II mediates glutathione depletion, transforming growth factor-b1 expression, and epithelial barrier dysfunction in the alcoholic rat lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2005; 3 (289): L363–L370.
53. Raghavendran K et al. Pharmacotherapy of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Cur Med Chem 2008; 19 (15): 1911–24.
54. Малышев И.Ю., Лямина С.В., Шимшелашвили Ш.Л., Вассерман Е.Н. Функциональные ответы альвеолярных макрофагов, сурфактантный белок D и заболевания легких. Пульмонология. 2011; 3: 101–7. / Malyshev I.Iu., Liamina S.V., Shimshelashvili Sh.L., Vasserman E.N. Funktsional'nye otvety al'veoliarnykh makrofagov, surfaktantnyi belok D i zabolevaniia legkikh. Pul'monologiia. 2011; 3: 101–7. [in Russian]
55. Ayres JG. The history of the use of alcohol in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Br J Dis Chest 1987; 81 (1): 80–6.
56. Ayres JG, Clark TJ. Alcoholic drinks and asthma: a survey. Br J Dis Chest 1983; 77 (4): 370–5.
57. Gonzalez‐Quintela A, Vidal C, Gude F. Alcohol, IgE and allergy. Addict Biol 2004; 3–4 (9): 195–204.
58. Bjerke T et al. Several genetic and environmental factors influence cord blood IgE concentration. Ped Allergy Immunol 1994; 2 (5): 88–94.
59. Linneberg A, Gonzalez-Quintela A. The Unsolved Relationship of Alcohol and Asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2016; 3 (171): 155–7.
60. Cardet JC, White AA, Barrett NA et al. Alcohol-induced respiratory symptoms are common in patients with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2014; 2 (2): 208–13.
61. Breslin AB, Hendrick DJ, Pepys J. Effect of disodium cromoglycate on asthmatic reactions to alcoholic beverages. Clin Allergy 1973; 3 (1): 71–82.
62. Vally H, de Klerk N, Thompson PJ. Alcoholic drinks: Important triggers for asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 105 (3): 462–7.
63. Stevenson DD, Szczeklik A. Clinical and pathologic perspectives on aspirin sensitivity and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 118 (4): 773–86.
64. Dowdell EB, Posner MA, Hutchinson MK. Cigarette smoking and alcohol use among adolescents and young adults with asthma. Nursing Res Pract 2011; 2011: 7.
65. Patra J et al. Effects of body mass index, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and solid fuel use on the risk of asthma: Individual Participant Data (IPD) meta-analysis of 175 000 individuals from 51 nationally representative surveys. BMJ Open Respir Res 2016; 1 (3): 121.
66. Гущин И.С. Перспективы лечения аллергических заболеваний: от антигистаминных препаратов до полифункциональных противоаллергических средств. IX Российский национальный конгресс «Человек и лекарство». М., 2002; с. 224–32. / Gushchin I.S. Perspektivy lecheniia allergicheskikh zabolevanii: ot antigistaminnykh preparatov do polifunktsional'nykh protivoallergicheskikh sredstv. IX Rossiiskii natsional'nyi kongress “Chelovek i lekarstvo”. M., 2002; s. 224–32. [in Russian]
67. Горячкина Л.А., Моисеев С.В. Роль дезлоратадина (Эриуса) в лечении аллергических заболеваний. Клин. фармакология и терапия. 2001; 5 (10): 79–82. / Goriachkina L.A., Moiseev S.V. Rol' dezloratadina (Eriusa) v lechenii allergicheskikh zabolevanii. Klin. farmakologiia i terapiia. 2001; 5 (10): 79–82. [in Russian]
68. Bush K, Kivlahan DR, McDonell MB et al. The AUDIT alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C): an effective brief screening test for problem drinking. Ambulatory Care Quality Improvement Project (ACQUIP). Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Arch Intern Med 1998; 158 (16): 1789–95.
69. Babor TF, Higgins-Biddle JC, Saunders JB, Monteiro MG. AUDIT. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Guidelines for Use in Primary Care, Second Edition, World Health Organization Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence. Geneva: WHO, 2001.
70. Mayfield D, McLeod G, Hall P. The CAGE questionnaire: validation of a new alcoholism instrument. Am J Psychiatry 1974; 131: 1121–3.
71. Огурцов П.П., Нужный В.П. Экспресс-диагностика (скрининг) хронической алкогольной интоксикации у больных соматического профиля. Клин. фармакология и терапия. 2001; 1: 34–9. / Ogurtsov P.P., Nuzhnyi V.P. Ekspress-diagnostika (skrining) khronicheskoi alkogol'noi intoksikatsii u bol'nykh somaticheskogo profilia. Klin. farmakologiia i terapiia. 2001; 1: 34–9. [in Russian]
72. Верткин А.Л., Торубаров С.Ф. Алкоголь-ассоциированные состояния в клинике внутренних болезней. Определение, тактика ведения. Амбулаторный прием. 2017; 1 (3): 57–62. / Vertkin A.L., Torubarov S.F. Alkogol'-assotsiirovannye sostoianiia v klinike vnutrennikh boleznei. Opredelenie, taktika vedeniia. Ambulatornyi priem. 2017; 1 (3): 57–62. [in Russian]
73. Плавинский С.Л., Баринова А.Н., Кузнецова О.Ю., Дегтярева Л.Н. Распространенность опасного и вредного потребления алкоголя среди пациентов врачей первичного контакта. Значение для организации профилактических вмешательств. Рос. семейный врач. 2011; 4 (15): 12–6. / Plavinskii S.L., Barinova A.N., Kuznetsova O.Iu., Degtiareva L.N. Rasprostranennost' opasnogo i vrednogo potrebleniia alkogolia sredi patsientov vrachei pervichnogo kontakta. Znachenie dlia organizatsii profilakticheskikh vmeshatel'stv. Ros. semeinyi vrach. 2011; 4 (15): 12–6. [in Russian]
74. Плавинский С.Л., Кузнецова О.Ю., Баринова А.Н. и др. Скрининг и краткосрочное вмешательство, направленные на снижение опасного и вредного потребления алкоголя. СПб.: СПб ИОЗ, 2011. / Plavinskii S.L., Kuznetsova O.Iu., Barinova A.N. i dr. Skrining i kratkosrochnoe vmeshatel'stvo, napravlennye na snizhenie opasnogo i vrednogo potrebleniia alkogolia. SPb.: SPb IOZ, 2011. [in Russian]

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1. Shcherbakova E.M. Zabolevaemost' naseleniia Rossii, 2015–2016 gody. Demoskop Weekly 2017; 721–722: 16–30. [in Russian]
2. Alekseevskaia T.I., Seledtsov A.A. Problema alkogol'noi smertnosti na sovremennom etape. Sib. med. zhurn. 2013; 8: 86–8. [in Russian]
3. Govorin N.V., Sakharov A.V. Alkogol'naia smertnost'. Tomsk–Chita: Ivan Fedorov, 2012. [in Russian]
4. Khalturina D.A., Krotaev A.V. “Russkii krest”. Faktory, mekhanizmy i puti preodoleniia demograficheskogo krizisa v Rossii. M.: URSS, 2006. [in Russian]
5. Nemtsov A.V. Rossiiskaia smertnost' v svete potrebleniia alkogolia. Demograficheskoe obozrenie 2015; 2 (4): 111–35. [in Russian]
6. Mehta AJ, Guidot DM, Weber KT. Alcohol abuse, the alveolar macrophage and pneumonia. Am J Med Sci 2012; 343 (3): 244–7.
7. Joshi PC, Guidot DM. The alcoholic lung: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and potential therapies. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 292 (4): 813–23.
8. Moss M et al. The role of chronic alcohol abuse in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults. JAMA-US Edition 1996; 275 (1): 50–4.
9. George SC, Hlastala MP, Souders JE, Babb AL. Gas exchange in the airways. J Aerosol Med 1996; 9 (1): 25–33.
10. Sapkota M, Wyatt TA. Alcohol, aldehydes, adducts and airways. Biomolecules 2015; 5 (4): 2987–3008.
11. Shevchenko E.A. i dr. Alkogolizm kak faktor razvitiia i rasprostraneniia zabolevanii (obzor literatury). Vestn. novykh med. tekhnologii. Elektronnoe izdanie. 2015; 1 (9): 1–3. [in Russian]
12. Ware LB. Pathophysiology of acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 4 (27): 337–49.
13. Ware LB, Matthay MA. Alveolar fluid clearance is impaired in the majority of patients with acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 6 (167): 1376–83.
14. Arcasoy S et al. Report of the ISHLT Working Group on Primary Lung Graft Dysfunction part I: introduction and methods. J Heart Lung Transplantation 2005; 24 (10): 1451–3.
15. Villar J et al. The ALIEN study: Incidence and outcome of acute respiratory distress syndromein the era of lung protective ventilation. Intensive Care Medicine 2011; 37 (12): 1932–41.
16. Wang CY, Calfee CS, Paul DW et al. One-year mortalityand predictors of death among hospital survivors of acuterespiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Medicine 2014; 40 (3): 388–96.
17. Moss M, Parsons PE, Steinberg KP et al. Chronic alcohol abuse is associated with an increased incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome and severity of multiple organ dysfunction in patients with septic shock. Crit Care Med 2003; 31 (3): 869–77.
18. Guidot DM, Modelska K, Lois M et al. Ethanol ingestion via glutathione depletion impairs alveolar epithelial barrier function in rats. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2000; 279 (1): 127–35.
19. Berkowitz DM et al. Alcohol abuse enhances pulmonary edema in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 2009; 10 (33): 1690–6.
20. Boé DM et al. Alcohol abuse and pulmonary disease. J Leukocyte Biol 2009; 5 (86): 1097–104.
21. Koval M. Claudin heterogeneity and control of lung tight junctions. Annual Rev Physiol 2013; 75: 551–67.
22. Otis JS, Mitchell PO, Kershaw CD et al. Na,K-ATPase expression is increased in the lungs of alcohol-fed rats. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 2008; 32 (4): 699–705.
23. Lieber CS. Biochemical and molecular basis of alcohol-induced injury to liver and other tissues. N Engl J Med 1988; 3 (19): 1639–50.
24. Holguin F, Moss I, Brown LA, Guidot DM. Chronic ethanol ingestion impairs alveolar type II cell glutathione homeostasis and function and predisposes to endotoxin-mediated acute edematous lung injury in rats. J Clin Invest 1998; 101 (4): 761–8.
25. Moss M, Guidot DM, Wong-Lambertina M et al. The effects of chronic alcohol abuse on pulmonary glutathione homeostasis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161 (2–1): 414–9.
26. Kehrer JP, Lund LG. Cellular reducing equivalents and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 1994; 17: 65–75.
27. Naidenova N.G., Gordeev M.N. Alkogolizm i patologiia organov dykhaniia. Narkologiia 2002; 4: 23–6. [in Russian]
28. Murphy SL, Xu J, Kochanek KD. Deaths: Final data for 2010. National Vital Statistics Rep 2013; 61 (4): 1–117.
29. Avdeev S.N. Aspiratsionnaia pnevmoniia: sovremennye podkhody k diagnostike i terapii. Pul'monologiia 2009; 2: 5–19. [in Russian]
30. Dutta SK, Dukehart M, Narang A, Latham PS. Functional and structural changes in parotid glands of alcoholic cirrhotic patients. Gastroenterology 1989; 96 (2–1): 510–8.
31. Friedlander AH, Marder SR, Pisegna JR, Yagiela JA. Alcohol abuse and dependence: Psychopathology, medical management and dental implications. J Am Dental Assoc 2003; 34 (6): 731–40.
32. Fernandez-Sola J et al. High alcohol intake as a risk and prognostic factor for community acquired pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 1995; 155 (15): 1649–54.
33. Happel KI, Nelson S. Alcohol, immunosuppression, and the lung. Proceed Am Thoracic Soc 2005; 5 (2): 428–32.
34. Sisson JH. Alcohol and airways function in health and disease. Alcohol 2007; 41 (5): 293–307.
35. Brown LA, Ping XD, Harris FL, Gauthier TW. Glutathione availability modulates alveolar macrophage function in the chronic ethanol-fed rat. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 292 (4): 824–32.
36. Joshi PC, Mehta A, Jabber WS et al. Zinc deficiency mediates alcohol-induced alveolar epithelial and macrophage dysfunction in rats. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2009; 41 (2): 207–16.
37. Velasquez A et al. Glutathione replacement preserves the functional surfactant phospholipid pool size and decreases sepsis-mediated lung dysfunction in ethanol-fed rats. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 2002; 26 (8): 1245–51.
38. Romero F, Shah D, Duong M et al. Chronic alcohol ingestion in rats alters lung metabolism, promotes lipid accumulation, and impairs alveolar macrophage functions. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 51 (6): 840–9.
39. Mehta AJ, Yeligar SM, Elon L et al. Alcoholism causes alveolar macrophage zinc deficiency and immune dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 188 (6): 716–23.
40. Moskvichev V.G., Volokhova R.Iu., Vertkin A.L. Somaticheskaia patologiia u bol'nykh s neotlozhnymi sostoianiiami, sviazannymi s upotrebleniem etanola. Lechashchii vrach. 2006; 10: 76–8. [in Russian]
41. Wyatt TA et al. Desensitization of PKA‐Stimulated Ciliary Beat Frequency in an Ethanol‐Fed Rat Model of Cigarette Smoke Exposure. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 2004; 7 (28): 998–1004.
42. D'Souza NB et al. Alcohol ingestion impairs host defenses predisposing otherwise healthy mice to Pneumocystis carinii infection. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 1995; 5 (19): 1219–25.
43. D'Souza NB et al. Alcohol Modulates Alveolar Macrophage Tumor Necrosis Factor‐a, Superoxide Anion, and Nitric Oxide Secretion in the Rat. Alcoholism: Clin Experim Res 1996; 1 (20): 156–63.
44. Jalleh R et al. Alcohol and corpulmonale in chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Br Med J 1993; 6874 (306): 374.
45. Tabak C et al. Alcohol consumption in relation to 20-year COPD mortality and pulmonary function in middle-aged men from three European countries. Epidemiology 2001; 2 (12): 239–45.
46. Frantz S et al. Associations between lung function and alcohol consumption – Assessed by both a questionnaire and a blood marker. Respir Med 2014; 1 (108): 114–21.
47. Greene CC et al. The association between alcohol consumption and risk of COPD exacerbation in a veteran population. Chest 2008; 4 (134): 761–7.
48. Ostroumova O.D. Alkogol' ubivaet legkie. Med. gazeta. 2018; 6: 12. [in Russian]
49. Russell JC, Jones RL. Breath ethyl alcohol concentration and analysis in the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Biochem 1983; 3 (16): 604–12.
50. Odireev A.N., Kolosov V.P., Surnin D.E. Diagnostika mukotsiliarnoi nedostatochnosti u bol'nykh khronicheskoi obstruktivnoi bolezn'iu legkikh. Biul. fiziologii i patologii dykhaniia. 2006; 23: 12–5. [in Russian]
51. Forgèt MA, Sisson JH, Spurzem JR, Wyatt TA. Ethanol increases phosphodiesterase 4 activity in bovine bronchial epithelial cells. Alcohol 2003; 31 (1–2): 31–8.
52. Bechara RI et al. Angiotensin II mediates glutathione depletion, transforming growth factor-b1 expression, and epithelial barrier dysfunction in the alcoholic rat lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2005; 3 (289): L363–L370.
53. Raghavendran K et al. Pharmacotherapy of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Cur Med Chem 2008; 19 (15): 1911–24.
54. Malyshev I.Iu., Liamina S.V., Shimshelashvili Sh.L., Vasserman E.N. Funktsional'nye otvety al'veoliarnykh makrofagov, surfaktantnyi belok D i zabolevaniia legkikh. Pul'monologiia. 2011; 3: 101–7. [in Russian]
55. Ayres JG. The history of the use of alcohol in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Br J Dis Chest 1987; 81 (1): 80–6.
56. Ayres JG, Clark TJ. Alcoholic drinks and asthma: a survey. Br J Dis Chest 1983; 77 (4): 370–5.
57. Gonzalez‐Quintela A, Vidal C, Gude F. Alcohol, IgE and allergy. Addict Biol 2004; 3–4 (9): 195–204.
58. Bjerke T et al. Several genetic and environmental factors influence cord blood IgE concentration. Ped Allergy Immunol 1994; 2 (5): 88–94.
59. Linneberg A, Gonzalez-Quintela A. The Unsolved Relationship of Alcohol and Asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2016; 3 (171): 155–7.
60. Cardet JC, White AA, Barrett NA et al. Alcohol-induced respiratory symptoms are common in patients with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2014; 2 (2): 208–13.
61. Breslin AB, Hendrick DJ, Pepys J. Effect of disodium cromoglycate on asthmatic reactions to alcoholic beverages. Clin Allergy 1973; 3 (1): 71–82.
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 О.Д.Остроумова*1,2, А.М.Попкова1, И.В.Голобородова1, Н.С.Сметнева1, А.С.Попкова3 3 ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии» Минздрава России. 117036, Россия, Москва, ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, д. 11
*ostroumova.olga@mail.ru

________________________________________________

O.D.Ostroumova*1,2, A.M.Popkova1, I.V.Goloborodova1, N.S.Smetneva1, A.S.Popkova3

1 A.I.Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 127473, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Delegatskaia, d. 20, str. 1;
2 I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Trubetskaya, d. 8, str. 2;
3 National Medical Research Center of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 117036, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Dmitriia Ulianova, d. 11
*ostroumova.olga@mail.ru