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Возможности классической трихограммы в дифференциальной диагностике различных видов нерубцовой алопеции
DOI: 10.26442/24143537.2019.3.190428
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Zvezdina I.V., Zadionchenko E.V., Klyuchnikova D.E. et al. Possibilities of classical trichogramma in differential diagnostics of various types of nonscarring alopecia. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (12.2): 58–61. DOI: 10.26442/24143537.2019.3.190428
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Ключевые слова: нерубцовая алопеция, маркеры нерубцовых алопеций, выпадение волос, трихоскопия, патология волосяных луковиц, патология стрежня волоса, методы диагностики в трихологии.
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Nonscarring hair loss of various origins often has similar visual signs. Laboratory data do not always provide an opportunity to understand the etiology of the pathological process. Trichoscopy/dermatoscopy, being a convenient and quick form of diagnosis, allows see and systematize such changes of the hair and scalp as anisotrichosis, perifollicular pigmentation, focal atrichia, the presence of broken hair and others. However, the determining criteria of the disease are still the morphological state of the hair follicles and rods and light microscopic examination which remains the gold standard for diagnosing, allows a detailed study of their structural disorders. The article reflects and analyzes the data of more than 2000 patients with complaints and symptoms of hair loss. Microscopic signs of morphological disorders of the roots and hair shafts were studied, microscopic markers of various types of nonscarring hair loss were determined.
Key words: nonscarring alopecia, markers of nonscarring alopecia, hair loss, trichoscopy, hair follicle pathology, hair shaft pathology, diagnostic methods in trichology.
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1. Senchukova S.R., Kuznetsova A.V., Krinitsyna Iu.M. Sovremennye metody monitoringa i differentsial'noi diagnostiki nerubtsovykh form alopetsii. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniia. 2017; 1. DOI: 10.17513/spno.25905 [in Russian]
2. Tkachev V.P., Barunova N.G. Trikhoskopicheskie i patomorfologicheskie osobennosti rubtsovykh i nerubtsovykh alopetsii. Sbornik tezisov 2-go Kongressa EAAD. M., 2012; s. 94–5. [in Russian]
3. Miteva M, Tosti A. Hair and scalp dermatoscopy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012; 67: 1040–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2012.02.013
4. Kandil AH, Abdelshafy AS, El-Kashishi KA. Diagnostic Value of Dermoscopic Findings of Hair and Scalp in Cicatricial Alopecia. J Clin Investigat Dermatol 2018; 6 (2): 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13188/2373-1044.1000054
5. Trüeb RM, Dias MFRG. A Comment on Trichoscopy. Int J Trichology 2018; 10 (4): 147–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/ijt.ijt_13_18
6. Grishchenko Iu.V. Optimizatsiia diagnostiki i patogeneticheskoi terapii androgeneticheskoi alopetsii u zhenshchin. Avtoref. dis. … kand. med. nauk. M., 2011. [in Russian]
7. Racowska A, Slowinska M et al. Dermoscopy in female androgenic alopecia: method standartization and diagnostic criteria. Int J Trichology 2009; 1 (2): 123–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-7753.58555
8. Ross EK, Vicenzi C, Tosti A. Videodermoscopy in the evaluation of hair and scalp disorders. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 55: 799–806. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2006.04.058
9. Kibar M, Aktan S, Bilgin M. Scalp dermatoscopic findings in androgenetic alopecia and their relations with disease severity. Ann Dermatol 2014; 26 (4): 478–84. DOI: 10.5021/ad.2014.26.4.478
10. Kondrakhina I.N., Mareeva A.N. Neinvazivnaia diagnostika nerubtsovykh alopetsii metodom trikhoskopii. Vestn. dermatologii i venerologii. 2014; 5: 81–5. [in Russian]
11. Olszewska M, Rudnicka L, Rakowska A et al. Trichoscopy. Arch Dermatol 2008; 144 (8). DOI: 10.1001/archderm.144.8.1007
12. Galliker NA, Trüeb RM. Value of trichoscopy versus trichogram for diagnosis of female androgenetic alopecia. Int J Trichology 2012; 4 (1): 19–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-7753.96080
13. Kruk N.I. Trikhoskopicheskaia otsenka effektivnosti immunologicheskikh metodov korrektsii khronicheskoi telogenovoi alopetsii. Avtoref. dis. … kand. med. nauk. Vitebsk, 2017. [in Russian]
14. Chiramel MJ, Sharma VK, Khandpur S, Sreenivas V. Relevance of trichoscopy in the differential diagnosis of alopecia: A cross‐sectional study from North India. Ind J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2016. DOI: 10.4103/0378‐6323.183636
15. Ardigò M, Tosti A, Cameli N et al. Reflectance Confocal Microscopy of the Yellow Dot Pattern in Alopecia Areata. Arch Dermatol 2011; 147 (1): 61–4. DOI: 10.1001/archdermatol.2010.288
16. Federal'nye klinicheskie rekomendatsii. Dermatovenerologiia 2015. Bolezni kozhi. Infektsii, peredavaemye polovym putem. 5-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: Delovoi ekspress, 2016; s. 31 [in Russian]
17. Inui S, Nakajima T, Nakagawa K, Itami S. Clinical significance of dermoscopy in alopecia areata: analysis of 300 cases. Int J Dermatol 2008; 47 (7): 688–93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03692.x
18. Abraham LS, Torres FN, Azulay-Abulafia L. Dermoscopic clues to distinguish trichotillomania from patchy alopecia areata. Anais Brasileiros Dermatologia 2010; 85 (5): 723–6. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0365-05962010000500022
19. Hu R, Xu F, Han Yet al. Trichoscopic findings of androgenetic alopecia and their association with disease severity. J Dermatol 2015; 42 (6): 602–7. DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12857
20. Errichetti E, Stinco G. Dermoscopy in General Dermatology: A Practical Overview. Dermatol Ther 2016; 6 (4): 471–507. DOI: 10.1007/s13555-016-0141-6
21. Whiting DA, Dy LC. Office Diagnosis of Hair Shaft Defects. Semin Cut Med Surg 2006; 25 (1): 24–34. DOI: 10.1016/j.sder.2006.01.004
ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*dina_kl@list.ru
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I.V. Zvezdina, E.V. Zadionchenko, D.E. Klyuchnikova*, T.V. Aivazova, O.V. Kandalova
Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
*dina_kl@list.ru