Камни из мочевой кислоты составляют около 10% в общей структуре нефролитиаза. Низкий уровень рН мочи является первичным фактором рис-ка образования таких камней. К дополнительным факторам относятся повышенное содержание уратов в моче и маленький диурез. Для растворения камней из мочевой кислоты используют пероральные препараты, повышающие pH мочи. По данным литературных источников, литолиз конкрементов на фоне цитратной терапии достигается в течение 1,5–6 мес и более. В то же время данные о том, конкременты какого размера могут быть растворены с использованием цитратов, очень ограничены. Проведен анализ применения камнерастворяющей терапии методом курсового перорального приема препаратов – цитратных смесей у 2 пациенток с коралловидными (К-4) камнями почек, проходивших лечение в Областном урологическом центре на базе ГБУЗ СО СОКБ №1 в 2018 г. Представлена возможность применения литолитической терапии с целью растворения крупных уратных камней почек.
Uric acid stones make up about 10% of the total nephrolithiasis structure. Low urine pH is the primary risk factor for the formation of such stones. Additional fac-tors include a high content of urate in the urine and small diuresis. To dissolve uric acid stones, oral medications are used to increase urine pH. According to lit-erary sources, the litholysis of stones against the background of citrate therapy is achieved within 1.5–6 months or more. At the same time, data on the size of which stones can be dissolved using citrates is very limited. The analysis of the use of stone-dissolving therapy by the course of oral medication with citrate mix-tures in 2 patients with coral-shaped (K-4) kidney stones treated in the Regional Urological Center on the basis of Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital №1 in 2018 has been carried out. The possibility of using litholytic therapy to dissolve large urate kidney stones is presented.
1. Sakhaee K. Epidemiology and clinical pathophysiology of uric acid kidney stones. J Nephrol 2014; 27: 241–5.
2. Gutman AB, Yue TF. Urinary ammonium excretion in primary gout. J Clin Invest 1965; 44: 1474–81.
3. Maalouf NM. Metabolic syndrome and the genesis of uric acid stones. J Ren Nutr 2011; 21: 128–31.
4. Maalouf NM, Cameron MA, Moe OW, Sakhaee K. Novel insights into the pathogenesis of uric acid nephrolithiasis. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2004; 13: 181–9.
5. Cho ST, Jung SI, Myung SC, Kim TH. Correlation of metabolic syndrome with urinary stone composition. Int J Urol 2013; 20: 208–13.
6. Rodman JS et al. Dissolution of uric acid calculi. J Urol 1984; 131: 1039.
7. Becker G. Uric acid stones. Nephrology 2007; 12: S21.
8. Spettel S, Shah P, Sekhar K et al. Using Hounsfield unit measurement and urine parameters to predict uric acid stones. Urology 2013; 82: 22–6.
9. Reichard C, Gill BC, Sarkissian C et al. 100% uric acid stone formers: what makes them different? Urology 2015; 85: 296–8.
10. Trinchieri A, Esposito N, Castelnuovo C. Dissolution of radiolucent renal stones by oral alkalinization with potassium citrate/potassium bicarbonate. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2009; 81: 188–91.
11. Sinha M, Prabhu K, Venkatesh P, Krishnamoorthy V. Results of urinary dissolution therapy for radiolucent calculi. Int Braz J Urol 2013; 39: 103–7.
12. Barbera M, Tsirgiotis A, Barbera M, Paola Q. The importance of potassium citrate and potassium bicarbonate in the treatment of uric acid renal stones. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2016; 88 (4): 341–2. DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2016.4.341
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1. Sakhaee K. Epidemiology and clinical pathophysiology of uric acid kidney stones. J Nephrol 2014; 27: 241–5.
2. Gutman AB, Yue TF. Urinary ammonium excretion in primary gout. J Clin Invest 1965; 44: 1474–81.
3. Maalouf NM. Metabolic syndrome and the genesis of uric acid stones. J Ren Nutr 2011; 21: 128–31.
4. Maalouf NM, Cameron MA, Moe OW, Sakhaee K. Novel insights into the pathogenesis of uric acid nephrolithiasis. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2004; 13: 181–9.
5. Cho ST, Jung SI, Myung SC, Kim TH. Correlation of metabolic syndrome with urinary stone composition. Int J Urol 2013; 20: 208–13.
6. Rodman JS et al. Dissolution of uric acid calculi. J Urol 1984; 131: 1039.
7. Becker G. Uric acid stones. Nephrology 2007; 12: S21.
8. Spettel S, Shah P, Sekhar K et al. Using Hounsfield unit measurement and urine parameters to predict uric acid stones. Urology 2013; 82: 22–6.
9. Reichard C, Gill BC, Sarkissian C et al. 100% uric acid stone formers: what makes them different? Urology 2015; 85: 296–8.
10. Trinchieri A, Esposito N, Castelnuovo C. Dissolution of radiolucent renal stones by oral alkalinization with potassium citrate/potassium bicarbonate. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2009; 81: 188–91.
11. Sinha M, Prabhu K, Venkatesh P, Krishnamoorthy V. Results of urinary dissolution therapy for radiolucent calculi. Int Braz J Urol 2013; 39: 103–7.
12. Barbera M, Tsirgiotis A, Barbera M, Paola Q. The importance of potassium citrate and potassium bicarbonate in the treatment of uric acid renal stones. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2016; 88 (4): 341–2. DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2016.4.341
1 ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Екатеринбург, Россия;
2 ГБУЗ СО «Свердловская областная клиническая больница №1», Екатеринбург, Россия
*filippova.cat@yandex.ru
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Igor V. Bazhenov1,2, Alexander V. Zyryanov1, Viktor O. Danilov2, Еkaterina S. Philippova*1,2, Albert A. Makaryan1, Pavel D. Bessonov2, Sergey A. Burcev2
1 Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russia;
2 Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital №1, Ekaterinburg, Russia
*filippova.cat@yandex.ru