В статье в виде клинической лекции представлены исторические предпосылки и мировое значение открытия окиси азота как сигнальной молекулы, участвующей во многих физиологических и патофизиологических процессах в организме, в том числе и в сексуальной сфере. Подробно представлена история открытия силденафила цитрата как первого ингибитора фосфодиэстеразы 5-го типа, его клиническое становление и распространение по всему миру. На основе ключевых понятий, сформулированных Всемирной организацией здравоохранения, особое внимание уделено понятию сексуального здоровья, его роли в существовании нашего общества и цивилизации в целом. Подробно рассмотрены особенности сексуальной жизни в разных странах мира, частота связанных с ней проблем. Важное место уделено мужским сексуальным способностям, сексуальной активности и сопутствующим энерготратам, их влиянию на здоровье и сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, роли спортивных занятий. На основе статистических данных представлена частота эректильной дисфункции в зависимости от возраста мужчин. Наиболее подробно рассмотрены ее психологические и психогенные причины, а также так называемая сексуальная анорексия, роль курения, наркотической зависимости. С мультидисциплинарных позиций рассмотрены проблемы терапии эректильной дисфункции с помощью ингибиторов фосфодиэстеразы 5-го типа и, в частности, силденафила цитрата, его роль в лечении алкогользависимых пациентов, влияние на фертильность.
The article presents in the form of a clinical lecture the background and global impact of nitrogen oxide discovery as a signal molecule that contributes to lots of physiological and pathophysiological processes including sexual ones. The history of sildenafil citrate use as a first phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, its clini-cal establishment and world-wide distribution are described in details. On the basis of key concepts formulated by the World Health Organization special atten-tion is given to the concept of sexual health, its role in the community and the whole civilization existence. Aspects of sexual life in different world countries and frequency of related problems are considered in detail. Male sexual capabilities, sexual activity and concomitant energy expenditure, its influence on health and cardiovascular disorders, role of sports activities take an important place. Incidence of erectile dysfunction depending on the males’ age is presented according to statistical data. Its psychological and psychogenous causes as well as so called sexual anorexia, role of smoking and drug abuse are described thoroughly. The problems of erectile dysfunction treatment with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and, in particular, sildenafil citrate and its role in alcohol addicted pa-tients, its influence on fertility are considered from multidisciplinary perspective.
Key words: nitrogen oxide, sildenafil citrate, erectile dysfunction, sexual health.
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8. Zhang Y et al. Erectile Dysfunction in Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Outcomes from a Multi-Center Study and Risk Factor Analysis in a Single Center. PLoS One 2016; 11 (4): e0153054. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153054
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[Shangichev A.V., Belousov I.I., Kogan M.I. Kak sviazany erektil'naia disfunktsiia i sindrom khronicheskoi tazovoi boli. Vestn. urologii 2013; 2: 37–42 (in Russian).]
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14. Padma-Nathan H, Stecher V, Sweeney M et al. Minimal time to successful intercourse after sildenafil citrate: results of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urology 2003; 62: 400–3.
15. Gingell C, Sultana SR, Wulff MB, Gepi-Attee S. Duration of action of sildenafil citrate in men with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2004; 1: 179–84.
16. Moncada I, Jara J, Subira D et al. Efficacy of sildenafil citrate at 12 hours after dosing: reexploring the therapeutic window. Eur Urol 2004; 46 (3): 357–60.
17. Claes H et al. Characteristics and expectations of patients with erectile dysfunction: Results of the SCORED study. Int J Impot Res 2008; 20: 418–24.
18. Kadioglu A, Grohmann W, Depko A et al. Quality of erections in men treated with flexible-dose sildenafil for erectile dysfunction: multicenter trial with a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase and an open-label phase. J Sex Med 2008; 5 (3): 726–34.
19. Mulhall J, Althof SE, Brock GB et al. Erectile dysfunction: monitoring response to treatment in clinical practice – recommendations of an international study panel. J Sex Med 2007; 4 (2): 448–64.
20. McMurray JG et al. Long-term safety and effectiveness of sildenafil citrate in men with erectile dysfunction. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2007; 3: 975–81.
21. Cappelleri JC et al. Development and validation of the Self-Esteem And Relationship (SEAR) questionnaire in erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 2004; 16: 30–8.
22. McCullough A et al. Presented at: 8h Congress of the European Society for Sexual Medicine; December 4–7, 2005; Copenhagen, Denmark. Poster MP-03-111.
23. Wetterauer U, Grohmann W, Albrecht S. Patient satisfaction with Viagra® (sildenafile citrate) for erectile dysfunction after switching from other treatment options. J Sex Med 2005 (Suppl. 1): 64–5.
24. Gil A et al. Erectile dysfunction in a primary care setting: results of an observational, no-control-group, prospective study with sildenafil under routine conditions of use. Int J Impot Res 2001; 13: 338–47.
25. Mulhall JP et al. Medication Utilization Behavior in Patients Receiving Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors for Erectile Dysfunction. J Sex Med 2005; 2: 848–55.
26. Carson CC. Sildenafil: A 4-year update in the treatment of 20 million erectile dysfunction patients. Cur Urol Rep 2003; 4: 488–96.
27. Leslie SJ et al. No adverse hemodynamic interaction between sildenafil and red wine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004; 76: 365–70.
28. Инструкция по медицинскому применению препарата Виагра. Одобрена Росздравнадзором от 12.08.2009, с изменениями от 11.02.10 и 30.06.11.
[Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu preparata Viagra. Odobrena Roszdravnadzorom ot 12.08.2009, s izmeneniiami ot 11.02.10 i 30.06.11 (in Russian).]
29. Grinshpoon et al. Sildenafil citrate in the treatment of sexual dysfunction and its effect on quality of life in alcohol dependent men: preliminary findings. Alcohol Alcohol 2007; 42 (4): 340–6.
30. http://medbe.ru/news/interesnoe/15-interesnykh-faktov-o-viagre
________________________________________________
1. http://secrets-world.com/interesting/2919-interesnye-fakty-o-viagre.html
2. Research of Durex (26 000 respondents in 26 countries), Reaserch of Bayer Schering Pharma
3. http://secrets-world.com/interesting/2442-interesnoe-o-sekse.html
4. Feldman HA et al. Impotence and its medical and psychosocial correlates: results of the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. J Urol 1994; 151: 54–61.
5. Aytac IA et al. The likely worldwide increase in erectile dysfunction between 1995 and 2025 and some possible policy consequences. Brit J Urol Int 1999; 84: 50–6.
6. Men’s Health Survey-CEER Summary report (Russia). June 1982.
7. Pushkar' D.Iu., Kamalov A.A., Al'-Shukri S.Kh. et al. Analiz rezul'tatov epidemiologicheskogo issledovaniia rasprostranennosti erektil'noi disfunktsii v Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Urologiia. 2012; 6: 5–9 (in Russian).
8. Zhang Y et al. Erectile Dysfunction in Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Outcomes from a Multi-Center Study and Risk Factor Analysis in a Single Center. PLoS One 2016; 11 (4): e0153054. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153054
9. Zhang Z. The prevalence of and risk factors for prostatitis-like symptoms and its relation to erectile dysfunction in Chinese men. Andrology 2015; 3 (6): 1119–24. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12104
10. Shangichev A.V., Belousov I.I., Kogan M.I. Kak sviazany erektil'naia disfunktsiia i sindrom khronicheskoi tazovoi boli. Vestn. urologii 2013; 2: 37–42 (in Russian).
11. Borisov V.V. Effektivnaia farmakoterapiia v urologii. 2006; 2: 26 (in Russian).
12. Corona G, Forti G, Maggi M. Why can patients with erectile disfunction be considered lucky? Aging Male 2008; 11 (4): 193–9.
13. Zaridze D. Sverkhsmertnost' naseleniia Rossii. Med. vestn. 2006; 18 (in Russian).
14. Padma-Nathan H, Stecher V, Sweeney M et al. Minimal time to successful intercourse after sildenafil citrate: results of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urology 2003; 62: 400–3.
15. Gingell C, Sultana SR, Wulff MB, Gepi-Attee S. Duration of action of sildenafil citrate in men with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2004; 1: 179–84.
16. Moncada I, Jara J, Subira D et al. Efficacy of sildenafil citrate at 12 hours after dosing: reexploring the therapeutic window. Eur Urol 2004; 46 (3): 357–60.
17. Claes H et al. Characteristics and expectations of patients with erectile dysfunction: Results of the SCORED study. Int J Impot Res 2008; 20: 418–24.
18. Kadioglu A, Grohmann W, Depko A et al. Quality of erections in men treated with flexible-dose sildenafil for erectile dysfunction: multicenter trial with a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase and an open-label phase. J Sex Med 2008; 5 (3): 726–34.
19. Mulhall J, Althof SE, Brock GB et al. Erectile dysfunction: monitoring response to treatment in clinical practice – recommendations of an international study panel. J Sex Med 2007; 4 (2): 448–64.
20. McMurray JG et al. Long-term safety and effectiveness of sildenafil citrate in men with erectile dysfunction. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2007; 3: 975–81.
21. Cappelleri JC et al. Development and validation of the Self-Esteem And Relationship (SEAR) questionnaire in erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 2004; 16: 30–8.
22. McCullough A et al. Presented at: 8h Congress of the European Society for Sexual Medicine; December 4–7, 2005; Copenhagen, Denmark. Poster MP-03-111.
23. Wetterauer U, Grohmann W, Albrecht S. Patient satisfaction with Viagra® (sildenafile citrate) for erectile dysfunction after switching from other treatment options. J Sex Med 2005 (Suppl. 1): 64–5.
24. Gil A et al. Erectile dysfunction in a primary care setting: results of an observational, no-control-group, prospective study with sildenafil under routine conditions of use. Int J Impot Res 2001; 13: 338–47.
25. Mulhall JP et al. Medication Utilization Behavior in Patients Receiving Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors for Erectile Dysfunction. J Sex Med 2005; 2: 848–55.
26. Carson CC. Sildenafil: A 4-year update in the treatment of 20 million erectile dysfunction patients. Cur Urol Rep 2003; 4: 488–96.
27. Leslie SJ et al. No adverse hemodynamic interaction between sildenafil and red wine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004; 76: 365–70.
28. Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu preparata Viagra. Odobrena Roszdravnadzorom ot 12.08.2009, s izmeneniiami ot 11.02.10 i 30.06.11 (in Russian).
29. Grinshpoon et al. Sildenafil citrate in the treatment of sexual dysfunction and its effect on quality of life in alcohol dependent men: preliminary findings. Alcohol Alcohol 2007; 42 (4): 340–6.
30. http://medbe.ru/news/interesnoe/15-interesnykh-faktov-o-viagre
Авторы
В.В. Борисов
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия vvb56@yandex.ru
________________________________________________
Vladimir V. Borisov
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia vvb56@yandex.ru