Некоторые формы симптоматических (структурных) эпилепсий у взрослых
Некоторые формы симптоматических (структурных) эпилепсий у взрослых
Пизова Н.В. Некоторые формы симптоматических (структурных) эпилепсий у взрослых. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (9): 58–65. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2019.9.190589
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Pizova N.V. Some types of structural (symptomatic) epilepsy in adults. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (9): 58–65. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2019.9.190589
Некоторые формы симптоматических (структурных) эпилепсий у взрослых
Пизова Н.В. Некоторые формы симптоматических (структурных) эпилепсий у взрослых. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (9): 58–65. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2019.9.190589
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Pizova N.V. Some types of structural (symptomatic) epilepsy in adults. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (9): 58–65. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2019.9.190589
Эпилепсия – хроническое заболевание центральной нервной системы. Представлены данные о распространенности эпилепсии у взрослых в разных странах. Описаны основные механизмы эпилептогенеза. Более глубоко описаны эпилептические припадки у пациентов с ишемическим или геморрагическим инсультом, после черепно-мозговой травмы и представлены особенности острых приступов, а также поздних эпилептических приступов при этих заболеваниях. Приведены данные о частоте встречаемости эпилептических припадков у пациентов с различными новообразованиями головного мозга, а также о взаимосвязи развития эпилепсии у этих пациентов в зависимости от локализации опухоли и ее гистологии. Представлены рекомендации по применению антиэпилептических препаратов в качестве исходной монотерапии у взрослых с очаговыми припадками и в зависимости от основного процесса, вызывающего развитие той или иной симптоматической (структурной) эпилепсии. Более детально рассмотрен препарат Конвулекс®.
Ключевые слова: структурная (симптоматическая) эпилепсия, острые нарушения головного мозга, черепно-мозговая травма, новообразования головного мозга, лечение.
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Epilepsy is a chronic central nervous system disorder. Data on epilepsy in adult patients prevalence in different countries are presented. Underlying mechanisms of epileptogenesis are described. Epileptic seizures in patients after ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and after traumatic brain injury are described more thoroughly and characteristics of acute seizures as well as late epileptic seizures in these disorders are presented. Data on incidence of epileptic seizures in patients with various brain neoplasms and of interrelations of epilepsy development in these patients depending on tumor localization and histology are given. Guidelines on the use of antiepileptic medications as monotherapy in patients with focal seizures depending on the main process causing development of one or another symptomatic (structural) epilepsy are presented. Convulex® is described in detail.
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Авторы
Н.В. Пизова
ФГБОУ ВО «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Ярославль, Россия pizova@yandex.ru
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Natalia V. Pizova
Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russia pizova@yandex.ru