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Заболевания, ассоциированные с неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени: что мы знаем о них?
Заболевания, ассоциированные с неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени: что мы знаем о них?
Гаус О.В., Ливзан М.А. Заболевания, ассоциированные с неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени: что мы знаем о них? Гастроэнтерология. Хирургия. Интенсивная терапия. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 3: 45–51. DOI: 10.26442/26583739.2019.3.190481
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Аннотация
Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП) является самой частой причиной хронических диффузных заболеваний печени во всем мире. Вследствие системных метаболических нарушений патологический процесс при НАЖБП выходит за пределы гепатобилиарной системы, что требует пристального внимания со стороны многих специалистов. Основными причинами смертности при НАЖБП являются сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, цирроз печени и злокачественные новообразования. В настоящем обзоре представлены данные о наиболее распространенных заболеваниях и патологических состояниях, ассоциированных с НАЖБП.
Ключевые слова: неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени, неалкогольный стеатогепатит, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, сахарный диабет, хроническая болезнь почек, синдром обструктивного апноэ во сне, гипотиреоз, синдром поликистозных яичников, остеопороз, псориаз, перегрузка железом.
Key words: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome, osteoporosis, psoriasis, iron overload.
Ключевые слова: неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени, неалкогольный стеатогепатит, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, сахарный диабет, хроническая болезнь почек, синдром обструктивного апноэ во сне, гипотиреоз, синдром поликистозных яичников, остеопороз, псориаз, перегрузка железом.
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Key words: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome, osteoporosis, psoriasis, iron overload.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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2. Younossi ZM, Koenig AB, Abdelatif D et al. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology 2016; 64 (1): 73–84.
3. Diagnosis and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: guidelines for doctors of the Russian society for the study of the liver. Ed. V.T.Ivashkin. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2015 (in Russian).
4. Anstee QM, Targher G, Day CP. Progression of NAFLD to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or cirrhosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 10: 330–44.
5. Miele L, Targher G. Understanding the association between developing a fatty liver and subsequent cardio-metabolic complications. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 9: 1243–5.
6. Ong JP, Pitts A, Younossi ZM. Increased overall mortality and liver-related mortality in non- alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2008; 49: 608–12.
7. Angulo P, Kleiner DE, Dam-Larsen S et al. Liver Fibrosis, but no Other Histologic Features, Associates with Long-term Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology 2015; 149 (2): 389–97.
8. Ekstedt M, Hagstrom H, Nasr P et al. Fibrosis stage is the strongest predictor for disease-specific mortality in NAFLD after up to 33 years of follow-up. Hepatology 2015; 61 (5): 1547–54. DOI: 10.1002/hep.27368
9. Drapkina O.M., Iafarova A.A. Nealkogol'naia zhirovaia bolezn' pecheni i serdechno-sosudistyi risk: sostoianie problemy. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia v kardiologii. 2017; 13 (5): 645–50 (in Russian).
10. Gaus O.V., Akhmedov V.A. Tkanevoi ingibitor matriksnykh metalloproteinaz-1 kak indikator progressiruiushchego techeniia nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezni pecheni u bol'nykh s metabolicheskim sindromom. Eksperimental'naia i klin. gastroenterologiia. 2016; 131 (7): 32–7 (in Russian).
11. Gaus O.V., Akhmedov V.A. Vliianie metabolicheskogo sindroma na sostoianie parenkhimy pecheni i biliarnoi sistemy u patsientov s zhelchnokamennoi bolezn'iu. Ural'skii med. zhurn. 2015; 124 (1): 132–7 (in Russian).
12. Livzan M.A., Akhmedov V.A., Krolevets T.S. et al. Informativnost' neinvazivnykh markerov fibroza pecheni u patsientov s nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezn'iu pecheni. Therapeutic Archive. 2016; 88 (12): 62–8 (in Russian).
13. Livzan M.A. et al. Gormony zhirovoi tkani i nealkogol'naia zhirovaia bolezn' pecheni pri metabolicheskom sindrome. Dnevnik kazanskoi meditsinskoi shkoly. 2014; 1 (4): 44–8 (in Russian).
14. Livzan M.A., Lapteva I.V., Miller T.S. Rol' leptina i leptinorezistentnosti v formirovanii nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezni pecheni u lits s ozhireniem i izbytochnoi massoi tela. Eksperimental'naia i klin. gastroenterologiia. 2014; 8 (108): 27–33 (in Russian).
15. Akabame S, Hamaguchi M, Tomiyasu K et al. Evaluation of vulnerable coronary plaques and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by 64-detector multislice computed tomography (MSCT). Circ J 2008; 72: 618–25.
16. Kim D, Choi SY, Park EH et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with coronary artery calcification. Hepatology 2012; 56: 605–13.
17. VanWagner LB, Ning H, Lewis CE et al. Associations between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged adults: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Atherosclerosis 2014; 235: 599–605.
18. Fraser A, Harris R, Sattar N et al. Gamma-glutamyltransferase is associated with incident vascular events independently of alcohol intake: analysis of the British Women's Heart and Health Study and Meta-Analysis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27: 2729–35.
19. VanWagner LB, Wilcox JE, Colangelo LA et al. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with subclinical myocardial remodeling and dysfunction: A population-based study. Hepatology. 2015; 62 (3): 773–83. DOI: 10.1002/hep.27869
20. Dhingra R, Gona P, Wang TJ et al. Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase and risk of heart failure in the community. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30: 1855–60.
21. Wannamethee SG, Whincup PH, Shaper AG et al. Gamma-glutamyltransferase, hepatic enzymes, and risk of incident heart failure in older men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32: 830–5.
22. Ballestri S, Lonardo A, Bonapace S et al. Risk of cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 1724–45.
23. Kim D, Kim WR, Kim HJ, Therneau TM. Association between noninvasive fibrosis markers and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States. Hepatology 2013; 57: 1357–65.
24. Portillo-Sanchez P, Bril FM, Maximos M et al. High prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal plasma aminotransferase levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100: 2231–8.
25. Koehler EM, Plompen EP, Schouten JN et al. Presence of diabetes mellitus and steatosis is associated with liver stiffness in a general population: Rotterdam study. Hepatology 2016; 63 (1): 138–47.
26. Treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: real opportunities and prospects. Ed. N.B.Gubergrits. Moscow: Prima Print, 2018 (in Russian).
27. Arulanandan A, Ang B, Bettencourt R et al. Association Between Quantity of Liver Fat and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Independent of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 13: 1513–20. e1511.
28. Seppala-Lindroos A, Vehkavaara S, Hakkinen AM et al. Fat accumulation in the liver is associated with defects in insulin suppression of glucose production and serum free fatty acids independent of obesity in normal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87: 3023–8.
29. Williamson RM, Price JF, Glancy S et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease in people with type 2 diabetes: the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 2011; 34: 1139–44.
30. Targher G, Bertolini L, Rodella S et al. Relationship between kidney function and liver histology in subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 5: 2166–71.
31. Targher G, Bertolini L, Chonchol M et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease and retinopathy in type 1 diabetic patients. Diabetologia 2010; 53: 1341–8.
32. Rinella ME. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review. Jama 2015; 313: 2263–73.
33. Adams LA, Waters OR, Knuiman MW et al. NAFLD as a risk factor for the development of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: an eleven-year follow-up study. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 861–7.
34. Ekstedt M, Franzen LE, Mathiesen UL et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes. Hepatology 2006; 44: 865–73.
35. Kunutsor SK, Apekey TA, Walley J. Liver aminotransferases and risk of incident type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Epidemiol 2013; 178: 159–71.
36. Musso G, Cassader M, Cohney S et al. Emerging Liver-Kidney Interactions in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Trends Mol Med 2015; 21: 645–62.
37. Musso G, Gambino R, Tabibian JH et al. Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2014; 11: e1001680.
38. Cheungpasitporn W, Thongprayoon C, O'Corragain OA et al. Associations of sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened soda with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2014; 19: 791–7.
39. Heinzer R, Vat S, Marques-Vidal P et al. Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in the general population: the HypnoLaus study. Lancet Respir Med 2015; 3: 310–8.
40. Baguet JP, Barone-Rochette G, Tamisier R et al. Mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea. Nat Rev Cardiol 2012; 9: 679–88.
41. Aron-Wisnewsky J, Minville C, Tordjman J et al. Chronic intermittent hypoxia is a major trigger for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in morbid obese. J Hepatol 2012; 56: 225–33.
42. Corey KE, Misdraji J, Gelrud L et al. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Advanced Liver Histology. Dig Dis Sci 2015; 60: 2523–8.
43. Sundaram SS, Sokol RJ, Capocelli KE et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and hypoxemia are associated with advanced liver histology in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Pediatr 2014; 164: 699–706. e691.
44. Minville C, Hilleret MN, Tamisier R et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nocturnal hypoxia, and endothelial function in patients with sleep apnea. Chest 2014; 145: 525–33.
45. Musso G, Cassader M, Olivetti C et al. Association of obstructive sleep apnoea with the presence and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity Reviews 2013; 14: 417–31.
46. Chung GE, Kim D, Kim W et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease across the spectrum of hypothyroidism. J Hepatol 2012; 57: 150–6.
47. Eshraghian A, Hamidian Jahromi A. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and thyroid dysfunction: a systematic review. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 8102–9.
48. Pagadala MR, Zein CO, Dasarathy S et al. Prevalence of hypothyroidism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57: 528–34.
49. Kelley CE, Brown AJ, Diehl AM, Setji TL. Review of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 14172–84.
50. Ramezani-Binabaj M, Motalebi M, Karimi-Sari H et al. Are women with polycystic ovarian syndrome at a high risk of non-alcoholic Fatty liver disease; a meta- analysis. Hepat Mon 2014; 14: e23235.
51. Targher G, Rossini M, Lonardo A. Evidence that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and polycystic ovary syndrome are associated by necessity rather than chance: a novel hepato-ovarian axis? Endocrine 2015.
52. Targher G, Lonardo A, Rossini M. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and decreased bone mineral density: is there a link? J Endocrinol Invest 2015; 38: 817–25.
53. Li M, Xu Y, Xu M et al. Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and osteoporotic fracture in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97: 2033–8.
54. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F et al. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer 2010; 127: 2893–917.
55. Jinjuvadia R, Lohia P, Jinjuvadia C et al. The association between metabolic syndrome and colorectal neoplasm: systemic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2013; 47: 33–44.
56. Ganzetti G, Campanati A, Offidani A. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and psoriasis: So far, so near. World J Hepatol 2015; 7: 315–26.
57. Van der Voort EA, Koehler EM, Dowlatshahi EA et al. Psoriasis is independently associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients 55 years old or older: Results from a population-based study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 70: 517–24.
58. Roberts KK, Cochet AE, Lamb PB et al. The prevalence of NAFLD and NASH among patients with psoriasis in a tertiary care dermatology and rheumatology clinic. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 41: 293–300.
59. Miele L, Vallone S, Cefalo C et al. Prevalence, characteristics and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. J Hepatol 2009; 51: 778–86.
60. Gisondi P, Targher G, Zoppini G, Girolomoni G. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. J Hepatol 2009; 51: 758–64.
61. Moirand R, Mortaji AM, Loreal O et al. A new syndrome of liver iron overload with normal transferrin saturation. Lancet 1997; 349: 95–7.
62. Kowdley KV, Belt P, Wilson LA et al. Serum ferritin is an independent predictor of histologic severity and advanced fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepato-logy 2012; 55: 77–85.
63. Angulo P, George J, Day CP et al. Serum ferritin levels lack diagnostic accuracy for liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 12: 1163–9: e1161.
64. Nelson JE, Wilson L, Brunt EM et al. Relationship between the pattern of hepatic iron deposition and histological severity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2011; 53: 448–57.
65. Valenti L, Fracanzani AL, Dongiovanni P et al. Iron depletion by phlebotomy improves insulin resistance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperferritinemia: evidence from a case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102: 1251–8.
66. Adams LA, Crawford DH, Stuart K et al. The impact of phlebotomy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Hepatology 2015; 61: 1555–64.
[Maev I.V., Andreev D.N., Dicheva D.T., Kuznetsova E.I. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a benefit for doctors. Moscow: Prima Print, 2017 (in Russian).]
2. Younossi ZM, Koenig AB, Abdelatif D et al. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology 2016; 64 (1): 73–84.
3. Диагностика и лечение неалкогольной жировой болезни печени: методические рекомендации для врачей Российского общества по изучению печени. Под ред. В.Т.Ивашкина. М.: МЕДпресс-информ, 2015.
[Diagnosis and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: guidelines for doctors of the Russian society for the study of the liver. Ed. V.T.Ivashkin. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2015 (in Russian).]
4. Anstee QM, Targher G, Day CP. Progression of NAFLD to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or cirrhosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 10: 330–44.
5. Miele L, Targher G. Understanding the association between developing a fatty liver and subsequent cardio-metabolic complications. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 9: 1243–5.
6. Ong JP, Pitts A, Younossi ZM. Increased overall mortality and liver-related mortality in non- alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2008; 49: 608–12.
7. Angulo P, Kleiner DE, Dam-Larsen S et al. Liver Fibrosis, but no Other Histologic Features, Associates with Long-term Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology 2015; 149 (2): 389–97.
8. Ekstedt M, Hagstrom H, Nasr P et al. Fibrosis stage is the strongest predictor for disease-specific mortality in NAFLD after up to 33 years of follow-up. Hepatology 2015; 61 (5): 1547–54. DOI: 10.1002/hep.27368
9. Драпкина О.М., Яфарова А.А. Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени и сердечно-сосудистый риск: состояние проблемы. Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2017; 13 (5): 645–50.
[Drapkina O.M., Iafarova A.A. Nealkogol'naia zhirovaia bolezn' pecheni i serdechno-sosudistyi risk: sostoianie problemy. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia v kardiologii. 2017; 13 (5): 645–50 (in Russian).]
10. Гаус О.В., Ахмедов В.А. Тканевой ингибитор матриксных металлопротеиназ-1 как индикатор прогрессирующего течения неалкогольной жировой болезни печени у больных с метаболическим синдромом. Экспериментальная и клин. гастроэнтерология. 2016; 131 (7): 32–7.
[Gaus O.V., Akhmedov V.A. Tkanevoi ingibitor matriksnykh metalloproteinaz-1 kak indikator progressiruiushchego techeniia nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezni pecheni u bol'nykh s metabolicheskim sindromom. Eksperimental'naia i klin. gastroenterologiia. 2016; 131 (7): 32–7 (in Russian).]
11. Гаус О.В., Ахмедов В.А. Влияние метаболического синдрома на состояние паренхимы печени и билиарной системы у пациентов с желчнокаменной болезнью. Уральский мед. журн. 2015; 124 (1): 132–7.
[Gaus O.V., Akhmedov V.A. Vliianie metabolicheskogo sindroma na sostoianie parenkhimy pecheni i biliarnoi sistemy u patsientov s zhelchnokamennoi bolezn'iu. Ural'skii med. zhurn. 2015; 124 (1): 132–7 (in Russian).]
12. Ливзан М.А., Ахмедов В.А., Кролевец Т.С. и др. Информативность неинвазивных маркеров фиброза печени у пациентов с неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени. Терапевтический архив. 2016; 88 (12): 62–8.
[Livzan M.A., Akhmedov V.A., Krolevets T.S. et al. Informativnost' neinvazivnykh markerov fibroza pecheni u patsientov s nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezn'iu pecheni. Therapeutic Archive. 2016; 88 (12): 62–8 (in Russian).]
13. Ливзан М.А. и др. Гормоны жировой ткани и неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени при метаболическом синдроме. Дневник казанской медицинской школы. 2014; 1 (4): 44–8.
[Livzan M.A. et al. Gormony zhirovoi tkani i nealkogol'naia zhirovaia bolezn' pecheni pri metabolicheskom sindrome. Dnevnik kazanskoi meditsinskoi shkoly. 2014; 1 (4): 44–8 (in Russian).]
14. Ливзан М.А., Лаптева И.В., Миллер Т.С. Роль лептина и лептинорезистентности в формировании неалкогольной жировой болезни печени у лиц с ожирением и избыточной массой тела. Экспериментальная и клин. гастроэнтерология. 2014; 8 (108): 27–33.
[Livzan M.A., Lapteva I.V., Miller T.S. Rol' leptina i leptinorezistentnosti v formirovanii nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezni pecheni u lits s ozhireniem i izbytochnoi massoi tela. Eksperimental'naia i klin. gastroenterologiia. 2014; 8 (108): 27–33 (in Russian).]
15. Akabame S, Hamaguchi M, Tomiyasu K et al. Evaluation of vulnerable coronary plaques and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by 64-detector multislice computed tomography (MSCT). Circ J 2008; 72: 618–25.
16. Kim D, Choi SY, Park EH et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with coronary artery calcification. Hepatology 2012; 56: 605–13.
17. VanWagner LB, Ning H, Lewis CE et al. Associations between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged adults: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Atherosclerosis 2014; 235: 599–605.
18. Fraser A, Harris R, Sattar N et al. Gamma-glutamyltransferase is associated with incident vascular events independently of alcohol intake: analysis of the British Women's Heart and Health Study and Meta-Analysis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27: 2729–35.
19. VanWagner LB, Wilcox JE, Colangelo LA et al. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with subclinical myocardial remodeling and dysfunction: A population-based study. Hepatology. 2015; 62 (3): 773–83. DOI: 10.1002/hep.27869
20. Dhingra R, Gona P, Wang TJ et al. Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase and risk of heart failure in the community. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30: 1855–60.
21. Wannamethee SG, Whincup PH, Shaper AG et al. Gamma-glutamyltransferase, hepatic enzymes, and risk of incident heart failure in older men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32: 830–5.
22. Ballestri S, Lonardo A, Bonapace S et al. Risk of cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 1724–45.
23. Kim D, Kim WR, Kim HJ, Therneau TM. Association between noninvasive fibrosis markers and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States. Hepatology 2013; 57: 1357–65.
24. Portillo-Sanchez P, Bril FM, Maximos M et al. High prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal plasma aminotransferase levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100: 2231–8.
25. Koehler EM, Plompen EP, Schouten JN et al. Presence of diabetes mellitus and steatosis is associated with liver stiffness in a general population: Rotterdam study. Hepatology 2016; 63 (1): 138–47.
26. Лечение неалкогольной жировой болезни печени: реальные возможности и перспективы. Под ред. Н.Б. Губергриц. М.: Прима Принт, 2018.
[Treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: real opportunities and prospects. Ed. N.B.Gubergrits. Moscow: Prima Print, 2018 (in Russian).]
27. Arulanandan A, Ang B, Bettencourt R et al. Association Between Quantity of Liver Fat and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Independent of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 13: 1513–20. e1511.
28. Seppala-Lindroos A, Vehkavaara S, Hakkinen AM et al. Fat accumulation in the liver is associated with defects in insulin suppression of glucose production and serum free fatty acids independent of obesity in normal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87: 3023–8.
29. Williamson RM, Price JF, Glancy S et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease in people with type 2 diabetes: the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 2011; 34: 1139–44.
30. Targher G, Bertolini L, Rodella S et al. Relationship between kidney function and liver histology in subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 5: 2166–71.
31. Targher G, Bertolini L, Chonchol M et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease and retinopathy in type 1 diabetic patients. Diabetologia 2010; 53: 1341–8.
32. Rinella ME. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review. Jama 2015; 313: 2263–73.
33. Adams LA, Waters OR, Knuiman MW et al. NAFLD as a risk factor for the development of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: an eleven-year follow-up study. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 861–7.
34. Ekstedt M, Franzen LE, Mathiesen UL et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes. Hepatology 2006; 44: 865–73.
35. Kunutsor SK, Apekey TA, Walley J. Liver aminotransferases and risk of incident type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Epidemiol 2013; 178: 159–71.
36. Musso G, Cassader M, Cohney S et al. Emerging Liver-Kidney Interactions in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Trends Mol Med 2015; 21: 645–62.
37. Musso G, Gambino R, Tabibian JH et al. Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2014; 11: e1001680.
38. Cheungpasitporn W, Thongprayoon C, O'Corragain OA et al. Associations of sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened soda with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2014; 19: 791–7.
39. Heinzer R, Vat S, Marques-Vidal P et al. Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in the general population: the HypnoLaus study. Lancet Respir Med 2015; 3: 310–8.
40. Baguet JP, Barone-Rochette G, Tamisier R et al. Mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea. Nat Rev Cardiol 2012; 9: 679–88.
41. Aron-Wisnewsky J, Minville C, Tordjman J et al. Chronic intermittent hypoxia is a major trigger for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in morbid obese. J Hepatol 2012; 56: 225–33.
42. Corey KE, Misdraji J, Gelrud L et al. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Advanced Liver Histology. Dig Dis Sci 2015; 60: 2523–8.
43. Sundaram SS, Sokol RJ, Capocelli KE et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and hypoxemia are associated with advanced liver histology in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Pediatr 2014; 164: 699–706. e691.
44. Minville C, Hilleret MN, Tamisier R et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nocturnal hypoxia, and endothelial function in patients with sleep apnea. Chest 2014; 145: 525–33.
45. Musso G, Cassader M, Olivetti C et al. Association of obstructive sleep apnoea with the presence and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity Reviews 2013; 14: 417–31.
46. Chung GE, Kim D, Kim W et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease across the spectrum of hypothyroidism. J Hepatol 2012; 57: 150–6.
47. Eshraghian A, Hamidian Jahromi A. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and thyroid dysfunction: a systematic review. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 8102–9.
48. Pagadala MR, Zein CO, Dasarathy S et al. Prevalence of hypothyroidism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57: 528–34.
49. Kelley CE, Brown AJ, Diehl AM, Setji TL. Review of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 14172–84.
50. Ramezani-Binabaj M, Motalebi M, Karimi-Sari H et al. Are women with polycystic ovarian syndrome at a high risk of non-alcoholic Fatty liver disease; a meta- analysis. Hepat Mon 2014; 14: e23235.
51. Targher G, Rossini M, Lonardo A. Evidence that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and polycystic ovary syndrome are associated by necessity rather than chance: a novel hepato-ovarian axis? Endocrine 2015.
52. Targher G, Lonardo A, Rossini M. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and decreased bone mineral density: is there a link? J Endocrinol Invest 2015; 38: 817–25.
53. Li M, Xu Y, Xu M et al. Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and osteoporotic fracture in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97: 2033–8.
54. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F et al. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer 2010; 127: 2893–917.
55. Jinjuvadia R, Lohia P, Jinjuvadia C et al. The association between metabolic syndrome and colorectal neoplasm: systemic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2013; 47: 33–44.
56. Ganzetti G, Campanati A, Offidani A. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and psoriasis: So far, so near. World J Hepatol 2015; 7: 315–26.
57. Van der Voort EA, Koehler EM, Dowlatshahi EA et al. Psoriasis is independently associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients 55 years old or older: Results from a population-based study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 70: 517–24.
58. Roberts KK, Cochet AE, Lamb PB et al. The prevalence of NAFLD and NASH among patients with psoriasis in a tertiary care dermatology and rheumatology clinic. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 41: 293–300.
59. Miele L, Vallone S, Cefalo C et al. Prevalence, characteristics and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. J Hepatol 2009; 51: 778–86.
60. Gisondi P, Targher G, Zoppini G, Girolomoni G. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. J Hepatol 2009; 51: 758–64.
61. Moirand R, Mortaji AM, Loreal O et al. A new syndrome of liver iron overload with normal transferrin saturation. Lancet 1997; 349: 95–7.
62. Kowdley KV, Belt P, Wilson LA et al. Serum ferritin is an independent predictor of histologic severity and advanced fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepato-logy 2012; 55: 77–85.
63. Angulo P, George J, Day CP et al. Serum ferritin levels lack diagnostic accuracy for liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 12: 1163–9: e1161.
64. Nelson JE, Wilson L, Brunt EM et al. Relationship between the pattern of hepatic iron deposition and histological severity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2011; 53: 448–57.
65. Valenti L, Fracanzani AL, Dongiovanni P et al. Iron depletion by phlebotomy improves insulin resistance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperferritinemia: evidence from a case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102: 1251–8.
66. Adams LA, Crawford DH, Stuart K et al. The impact of phlebotomy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Hepatology 2015; 61: 1555–64.
________________________________________________
2. Younossi ZM, Koenig AB, Abdelatif D et al. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology 2016; 64 (1): 73–84.
3. Diagnosis and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: guidelines for doctors of the Russian society for the study of the liver. Ed. V.T.Ivashkin. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2015 (in Russian).
4. Anstee QM, Targher G, Day CP. Progression of NAFLD to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or cirrhosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 10: 330–44.
5. Miele L, Targher G. Understanding the association between developing a fatty liver and subsequent cardio-metabolic complications. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 9: 1243–5.
6. Ong JP, Pitts A, Younossi ZM. Increased overall mortality and liver-related mortality in non- alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2008; 49: 608–12.
7. Angulo P, Kleiner DE, Dam-Larsen S et al. Liver Fibrosis, but no Other Histologic Features, Associates with Long-term Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology 2015; 149 (2): 389–97.
8. Ekstedt M, Hagstrom H, Nasr P et al. Fibrosis stage is the strongest predictor for disease-specific mortality in NAFLD after up to 33 years of follow-up. Hepatology 2015; 61 (5): 1547–54. DOI: 10.1002/hep.27368
9. Drapkina O.M., Iafarova A.A. Nealkogol'naia zhirovaia bolezn' pecheni i serdechno-sosudistyi risk: sostoianie problemy. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia v kardiologii. 2017; 13 (5): 645–50 (in Russian).
10. Gaus O.V., Akhmedov V.A. Tkanevoi ingibitor matriksnykh metalloproteinaz-1 kak indikator progressiruiushchego techeniia nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezni pecheni u bol'nykh s metabolicheskim sindromom. Eksperimental'naia i klin. gastroenterologiia. 2016; 131 (7): 32–7 (in Russian).
11. Gaus O.V., Akhmedov V.A. Vliianie metabolicheskogo sindroma na sostoianie parenkhimy pecheni i biliarnoi sistemy u patsientov s zhelchnokamennoi bolezn'iu. Ural'skii med. zhurn. 2015; 124 (1): 132–7 (in Russian).
12. Livzan M.A., Akhmedov V.A., Krolevets T.S. et al. Informativnost' neinvazivnykh markerov fibroza pecheni u patsientov s nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezn'iu pecheni. Therapeutic Archive. 2016; 88 (12): 62–8 (in Russian).
13. Livzan M.A. et al. Gormony zhirovoi tkani i nealkogol'naia zhirovaia bolezn' pecheni pri metabolicheskom sindrome. Dnevnik kazanskoi meditsinskoi shkoly. 2014; 1 (4): 44–8 (in Russian).
14. Livzan M.A., Lapteva I.V., Miller T.S. Rol' leptina i leptinorezistentnosti v formirovanii nealkogol'noi zhirovoi bolezni pecheni u lits s ozhireniem i izbytochnoi massoi tela. Eksperimental'naia i klin. gastroenterologiia. 2014; 8 (108): 27–33 (in Russian).
15. Akabame S, Hamaguchi M, Tomiyasu K et al. Evaluation of vulnerable coronary plaques and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by 64-detector multislice computed tomography (MSCT). Circ J 2008; 72: 618–25.
16. Kim D, Choi SY, Park EH et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with coronary artery calcification. Hepatology 2012; 56: 605–13.
17. VanWagner LB, Ning H, Lewis CE et al. Associations between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged adults: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Atherosclerosis 2014; 235: 599–605.
18. Fraser A, Harris R, Sattar N et al. Gamma-glutamyltransferase is associated with incident vascular events independently of alcohol intake: analysis of the British Women's Heart and Health Study and Meta-Analysis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27: 2729–35.
19. VanWagner LB, Wilcox JE, Colangelo LA et al. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with subclinical myocardial remodeling and dysfunction: A population-based study. Hepatology. 2015; 62 (3): 773–83. DOI: 10.1002/hep.27869
20. Dhingra R, Gona P, Wang TJ et al. Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase and risk of heart failure in the community. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30: 1855–60.
21. Wannamethee SG, Whincup PH, Shaper AG et al. Gamma-glutamyltransferase, hepatic enzymes, and risk of incident heart failure in older men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32: 830–5.
22. Ballestri S, Lonardo A, Bonapace S et al. Risk of cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 1724–45.
23. Kim D, Kim WR, Kim HJ, Therneau TM. Association between noninvasive fibrosis markers and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States. Hepatology 2013; 57: 1357–65.
24. Portillo-Sanchez P, Bril FM, Maximos M et al. High prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal plasma aminotransferase levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100: 2231–8.
25. Koehler EM, Plompen EP, Schouten JN et al. Presence of diabetes mellitus and steatosis is associated with liver stiffness in a general population: Rotterdam study. Hepatology 2016; 63 (1): 138–47.
26. Treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: real opportunities and prospects. Ed. N.B.Gubergrits. Moscow: Prima Print, 2018 (in Russian).
27. Arulanandan A, Ang B, Bettencourt R et al. Association Between Quantity of Liver Fat and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Independent of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 13: 1513–20. e1511.
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Авторы
О.В. Гаус, М.А. Ливзан
ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Омск, Россия
*mlivzan@yandex.ru
Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia
*mlivzan@yandex.ru
ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Омск, Россия
*mlivzan@yandex.ru
________________________________________________
Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia
*mlivzan@yandex.ru
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