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Бронхиальная астма: взгляд на проблему глазами врача и пациента
Бронхиальная астма: взгляд на проблему глазами врача и пациента
Бронхиальная астма: взгляд на проблему глазами врача и пациента. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 22 (11): 66–71. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2020.11.200521
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Список литературы
1. Архипов В.В., Григорьева Е.В., Гавришина Е.В. Контроль над бронхиальной астмой в России: результаты многоцентрового наблюдательного исследования НИКА. Пульмонология. 2011; 6: 87–93.
[Arkhipov V.V., Grigor'eva E.V., Gavrishina E.V. Kontrol' nad bronkhial'noi astmoi v Rossii: rezul'taty mnogotsentrovogo nabliudatel'nogo issledovaniia NIKA. Pul'monologiia. 2011; 6: 87–93 (in Russian).]
2. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals. Data on file. Budesonide/formoterol: Annual Rate of Exacerbations Globally (ID: SD-3010-ALL-0017).
3. From the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2020. 21.04.2020. http://www.ginasthma.org
4. Asthma UK. www.asthma.org.uk/getinvolved/campaigns/data-visualisations/
5. Price D, Fletcher M, van der Molen T. Asthma control and management in 8,000 European patients: the REcognise Asthma and LInk to Symptoms and Experience (REALISE) survey. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med 2014; 24: 14009.
6. Papi A, Ryan D, Soriano JB et al. Relationship of Inhaled Corticosteroid Adherence to Asthma Exacerbations in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018; 6: 1989–98.e3.
7. Partridge MR, van der Molen T, Myrseth SE et al. Attitudes and actions of asthma patients on regular maintenance therapy: the INSPIRE study. BMC Pulm Med 2006; 6: 13.
8. Schatz M, Zeiger RS, Vollmer WM et al. Validation of a beta-agonist long-term asthma control scale derived from computerized pharmacy data. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 117: 995–1000.
9. Suissa S, Ernst P, Boivin JF et al. A cohort analysis of excess mortality in asthma and the use of inhaled beta-agonists. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 604–10.
10. Suissa S, Ernst P, Benayoun S et al. Low-dose inhaled corticosteroids and the prevention of death from asthma. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 332–6.
11. Reddel HK, FitzGerald JM, Bateman ED et al. GINA 2019: a fundamental change in asthma management: Treatment of asthma with short-acting bronchodilators alone is no longer recommended for adults and adolescents. Eur Respir J 2019; 53 (6): 1901046.
12. From the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2020. 25.08.2020. http://www.ginasthma.org.
13. Инструкция по медицинскому применению лекарственного препарата БУД/ФОРМ 80/4,5 мкг/доза, 160/4,5 мкг/доза (порошок для ингаляций дозированный) от 11.04.2019. Регистрационное удостоверение П N013167/01 от 28.09.2011 (переоформлено 26.12.2018).
[Instructions for the medical use of the medicinal product BUD/FORM 80/4.5 mcg/dose, 160/4.5 mcg/dose (dosed powder for inhalation) dated 04/11/2019. Registration certificate P N013167/01 dated 09/28/2011 (reissued on 12/26/2018) (in Russian).]
14. Бронхиальная астма. Федеральные клинические рекомендации Российского респираторного общества (РРО) 2019 г. (частота пересмотра каждые три года). http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskierekomendatsii/
[Bronchial asthma. Federal Clinical Guidelines Russian Respiratory Society (RRO) 2019 (revision frequency every three years). http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskierekomendatsii/ (in Russian).]
15. Kuna P, Peters MJ, Manjra AI et al. Effect of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy on asthma exacerbations. Int J Clin Pract 2007; 61: 725–36.
16. Bousquet J, Boulet LP, Peters MJ et al. Budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and relief in uncontrolled asthma vs. high-dose salmeterol/fluticasone. Respir Med 2007; 101: 2437–46 (AHEAD).
17. O’Byrne PM, FitzGerald JM, Bateman ED et al. Inhaled Combined Budesonide-Formoterol as Needed in Mild Asthma. N Eng J Med 2018; 378: 1865–76.
18. Bateman ED, Reddel HK, O’Byrne PM et al. As-Needed Budesonide-Formoterol versus Maintenance Budesonide in Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med 2018; 378 (20): 1877–87.
19. Beasley R, Holliday M, Reddel HK et al. Novel START Study Team. Controlled Trial of Budesonide-Formoterol as Needed for Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med 2019; 380 (21): 2020–30.
20. Clinical study report. Study BFS-AS-306. Data on file. TEVA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2014.
21. Weisfeld L, Shu Y, Shah TP. Bioequivalence of budesonide plus formoterol (BF) Spiromax® and BF Turbohaler® (with and without charcoal block) in healthy volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 53 (7): 593–602.
22. Pechère JC, Cenedese C, Müller O et al. Attitudinal classification of patients receiving antibiotic treatment for mild respiratory tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2002; 20 (6): 399–406.
23. Horne R. Compliance, adherence, and concordance: implications for asthma treatment. Chest 2006; 130 (1): 65S–72S.
24. Laitinen LA, Laitinen A, Haahtela T. A comparative study of the effects of an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, and a beta 2-agonist, terbutaline, on airway inflammation in newly diagnosed asthma: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 90 (1): 32–42.
25. Derendorf H. Nave R, Drollmann A et al. Relevance of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled corticosteroids to asthma. Eur Respir J 2006; 28 (5): 1042–50.
26. Tattersfield AE, Postma DS, Barnes PJ et al. Exacerbations of asthma: a descriptive study of 425 severe exacerbations. The FACET International Study Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160 (2): 594–9.
27. Ställberg B, Naya I, Ekelund J et al. Real-life use of budesonide/formoterol in clinical practice: a 12-month follow-up assessment in a multi-national study of asthma patients established on single-inhaler maintenance and reliever therapy. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 53 (6): 447–55.
28. Seberová E, Andersson A. Oxis (formoterol given by Turbuhaler) showed as rapid an onset of action as salbutamol given by a pMDI. Respir Med 2000; 94 (6): 607–11.
29. Gibson PG, Saltos N, Fakes K. Acute anti-inflammatory effects of inhaled budesonide in asthma: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163 (1): 32–6.
30. GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Lancet Respir Med 2017; 390: 1211–59.
31. Bateman ED, Boushey HA, Bousquet J et al. Can guideline-defined asthma control be achieved? The Gaining Optimal Asthma ControL study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170: 836–44.
32. Hermosa JL, Sánchez CB, Rubio MC et al. Factors associated with the control of severe asthma.
J Asthma 2010; 47: 124–30.
33. Ramsahai JM, Hansbro PM, Wark PAB. Mechanisms and Management of Asthma Exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199 (4): 423–32.
34. O’Byrne P, Fabbri LM, Pavord ID et al. Asthma progression and mortality: the role of inhaled corticosteroids. Eur Respir J 2019; 54 (1): 1900491.
35. Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. 2020 GINA update Main Report, https://ginasthma.org/wpcontent/uploads/2020/04/GINA-2020-full-report_-final-_wms.pdf
36. Федеральные клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению Бронхиальной астмы–2020. Российское респираторное общество. http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskie-rekomendatsii/
[Federal Clinical Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bronchial Asthma 2020. Russian Respiratory Society. http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskie-rekomendatsii/ (in Russian).]
37. Royal College of Physicians. Why Asthma Still Kills? The National Review of Asthma Deaths (NRAD) [online] 2014. 06.09.2018. https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/projects/outputs/why-asthma-still-kills
38. Papi A, Braithwaite I, Ebmeier S et al. Budesonide-formoterol reliever therapy in intermittent versus mild persistent asthma. Eur Respir J, 2020; 2003064. DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03064-2020
39. Stanford RH, Shah MB, D'Souza AO et al. Short-acting β-agonist use and its ability to predict future asthma-related outcomes. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012; 109: 403–7.
40. Suissa S. Statistical treatment of exacerbations in therapeutic trials of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 842–6.
41. Loymans RJB, Gemperli A, Cohen J et al. Comparative effectiveness of long term drug treatment strategies to prevent asthma exacerbations: network meta-analysis. BMJ 2014; 348: g3009.
42. Авдеев С.Н., Айсанов З.Р., Архипов В.В. и др. Согласованные рекомендации по применению режима единого ингалятора фиксированной комбинации будесонид/формотерол (SMART) в терапии пациентов с бронхиальной астмой. Практ. пульмонология. 2016; 1: 2–15.
[Avdeev S.N., Aisanov Z.R., Arkhipov V.V. et al. Soglasovannye rekomendatsii po primeneniiu rezhima edinogo ingaliatora fiksirovannoi kombinatsii budesonid/formoterol (SMART) v terapii patsientov s bronkhial'noi astmoi. Prakt. pul'monologiia. 2016; 1: 2–15 (in Russian).]
43. Vogelmeier C, D'Urzo A, Pauwels R et al. Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy: an effective asthma treatment option? Eur Respir J 2005; 26 (5): 819–28.
44. Sears MR, Radner F. Safety of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy in asthma trials. Respir Med 2009; 103 (12): 1960–8.
45. Lee H, Ryu J, Nam E et al. Increased mortality in patients with corticosteroid-dependent asthma: a nationwide population-based study. Eur Respir J 2019; 54 (5): 1900804.
46. Holguin F, Cardet JC, Chung KF et al. Management of severe asthma: a European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society guideline. Eur Respir J 2020; 55 (1): 1900588.
47. Global Initiative for Asthma. Pocket guide 2019. https://ginasthma.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/GINA-2019-main-Pocket-Guide-wms.pdf
48. GINA Pocket Guide, “Diagnosis and Management of Difficult-to-treat and Severe Asthma in adolescent and adult patients. V2.0. April 2019. https://ginasthma.org/severeasthma/
49. Barnes PJ, Adcock IM. How do corticosteroids work in asthma? Ann Intern Med 2003; 139 (5 Pt 1): 359–70.
50. Инструкция по медицинскому применению препарата ДуоРесп Спиромакс. http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru
[Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu preparata DuoResp Spiromaks. http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru (in Russian).]
51. Авдеев С.Н., Белевский А.С., Айсанов З.Р. Новые подходы и алгоритм ведения пациентов с бронхиальной астмой. Практ. пульмонология. 2019; 1. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/novye-podhody-i-algoritm-vedeniya-patsientov-s-bronhialnoy-astmoy
[Avdeev S.N., Belevskii A.S., Aisanov Z.R. Novye podkhody i algoritm vedeniia patsientov s bronkhial'noi astmoi. Prakt. pul'monologiia. 2019; 1 (in Russian).]
52. Diamant Z, Hanania NA. Generic medications in precision medicine in asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2017; 23 (1): 1–2.
53. Lavorini F, Ninane V, Haughney J et al. Switching from branded to generic inhaled medications: potential impact on asthma and COPD. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10 (12): 1597–602.
54. Ekberg-Jansson A, Svenningsson I, Rågdell P et al. Budesonide inhaler device switch patterns in an asthma population in Swedish clinical practice (ASSURE). Int J Clin Pract 2015; 69 (10): 1171–8.
55. Azouz W, Chetcuti P, Hosker H et al. Inhalation characteristics of asthma patients, COPD patients and healthy volunteers with the Spiromax® and Turbuhaler® devices: a randomised, cross-over study. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15: 47.
56. Chrystyn H, Dekhuijzen R, Rand C et al. P154. Evaluation of inhaler technique mastery for Budesonide Formoterol Spiromax® compared with Symbicort Turbohaler® in adult patients with asthma primary results from the Easy Low Instruction Over Time [ELIOT] study. Thorax 2015; 70: A154–5.
57. Virchow JC, Rodriguez-Roisin R, Papi A et al. A randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy efficacy and safety study of budesonide-formoterol Spiromax® compared to budesonide-formoterol Turbuhaler® in adults and adolescents with persistent asthma. BMC Pulm Med 2016; 16: 42.
58. Voorham J, Roche N, Benhaddi H et al. Real-world effectiveness evaluation of budesonide/formoterol Spiromax for the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the UK. BMJ Open 2018; 8 (10): e022051.
59. Kew KM, Quinn M, Quon BS et al. Increased versus stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids for exacerbations of chronic asthma in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 6: CD007524.
60. Oborne J, Mortimer K, Hubbard RB et al. Quadrupling the dose of inhaled corticosteroid to prevent asthma exacerbations: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 180 (7): 598–602.
61. Valero A, Olaguibel J, Delgado J et al. Dilemmas and New Paradigms in Asthma Management.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2019; 29 (1): 15–23.
62. Price D, Chrystyn H, Kaplan A et al. Effectiveness of same versus mixed asthma inhaler devices: a retrospective observational study in primary care. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2012; 4 (4): 184–91.
63. Loukil M, Mejri I, Khalfallah I et al. Evaluation of inhaler techniques in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive disease. Rev Pneumol Clin 2018; 74 (4): 226–34.
64. Chrystyn H, Safioti G, Keegstra JR et al. Effect of inhalation profile and throat geometry on predicted lung deposition of budesonide and formoterol (BF) in COPD: An in-vitro comparison of Spiromax with Turbuhaler. Int J Pharm 2015; 491 (1–2): 268–76.
2. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals. Data on file. Budesonide/formoterol: Annual Rate of Exacerbations Globally (ID: SD-3010-ALL-0017).
3. From the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2020. 21.04.2020. http://www.ginasthma.org
4. Asthma UK. www.asthma.org.uk/getinvolved/campaigns/data-visualisations/
5. Price D, Fletcher M, van der Molen T. Asthma control and management in 8,000 European patients: the REcognise Asthma and LInk to Symptoms and Experience (REALISE) survey. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med 2014; 24: 14009.
6. Papi A, Ryan D, Soriano JB et al. Relationship of Inhaled Corticosteroid Adherence to Asthma Exacerbations in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018; 6: 1989–98.e3.
7. Partridge MR, van der Molen T, Myrseth SE et al. Attitudes and actions of asthma patients on regular maintenance therapy: the INSPIRE study. BMC Pulm Med 2006; 6: 13.
8. Schatz M, Zeiger RS, Vollmer WM et al. Validation of a beta-agonist long-term asthma control scale derived from computerized pharmacy data. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 117: 995–1000.
9. Suissa S, Ernst P, Boivin JF et al. A cohort analysis of excess mortality in asthma and the use of inhaled beta-agonists. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 604–10.
10. Suissa S, Ernst P, Benayoun S et al. Low-dose inhaled corticosteroids and the prevention of death from asthma. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 332–6.
11. Reddel HK, FitzGerald JM, Bateman ED et al. GINA 2019: a fundamental change in asthma management: Treatment of asthma with short-acting bronchodilators alone is no longer recommended for adults and adolescents. Eur Respir J 2019; 53 (6): 1901046.
12. From the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2020. 25.08.2020. http://www.ginasthma.org.
13. Instructions for the medical use of the medicinal product BUD/FORM 80/4.5 mcg/dose, 160/4.5 mcg/dose (dosed powder for inhalation) dated 04/11/2019. Registration certificate P N013167/01 dated 09/28/2011 (reissued on 12/26/2018) (in Russian).
14. Bronchial asthma. Federal Clinical Guidelines Russian Respiratory Society (RRO) 2019 (revision frequency every three years). http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskierekomendatsii/ (in Russian).
15. Kuna P, Peters MJ, Manjra AI et al. Effect of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy on asthma exacerbations. Int J Clin Pract 2007; 61: 725–36.
16. Bousquet J, Boulet LP, Peters MJ et al. Budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and relief in uncontrolled asthma vs. high-dose salmeterol/fluticasone. Respir Med 2007; 101: 2437–46 (AHEAD).
17. O’Byrne PM, FitzGerald JM, Bateman ED et al. Inhaled Combined Budesonide-Formoterol as Needed in Mild Asthma. N Eng J Med 2018; 378: 1865–76.
18. Bateman ED, Reddel HK, O’Byrne PM et al. As-Needed Budesonide-Formoterol versus Maintenance Budesonide in Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med 2018; 378 (20): 1877–87.
19. Beasley R, Holliday M, Reddel HK et al. Novel START Study Team. Controlled Trial of Budesonide-Formoterol as Needed for Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med 2019; 380 (21): 2020–30.
20. Clinical study report. Study BFS-AS-306. Data on file. TEVA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2014.
21. Weisfeld L, Shu Y, Shah TP. Bioequivalence of budesonide plus formoterol (BF) Spiromax® and BF Turbohaler® (with and without charcoal block) in healthy volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 53 (7): 593–602.
22. Pechère JC, Cenedese C, Müller O et al. Attitudinal classification of patients receiving antibiotic treatment for mild respiratory tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2002; 20 (6): 399–406.
23. Horne R. Compliance, adherence, and concordance: implications for asthma treatment. Chest 2006; 130 (1): 65S–72S.
24. Laitinen LA, Laitinen A, Haahtela T. A comparative study of the effects of an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, and a beta 2-agonist, terbutaline, on airway inflammation in newly diagnosed asthma: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 90 (1): 32–42.
25. Derendorf H. Nave R, Drollmann A et al. Relevance of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled corticosteroids to asthma. Eur Respir J 2006; 28 (5): 1042–50.
26. Tattersfield AE, Postma DS, Barnes PJ et al. Exacerbations of asthma: a descriptive study of 425 severe exacerbations. The FACET International Study Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160 (2): 594–9.
27. Ställberg B, Naya I, Ekelund J et al. Real-life use of budesonide/formoterol in clinical practice: a 12-month follow-up assessment in a multi-national study of asthma patients established on single-inhaler maintenance and reliever therapy. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 53 (6): 447–55.
28. Seberová E, Andersson A. Oxis (formoterol given by Turbuhaler) showed as rapid an onset of action as salbutamol given by a pMDI. Respir Med 2000; 94 (6): 607–11.
29. Gibson PG, Saltos N, Fakes K. Acute anti-inflammatory effects of inhaled budesonide in asthma: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163 (1): 32–6.
30. GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Lancet Respir Med 2017; 390: 1211–59.
31. Bateman ED, Boushey HA, Bousquet J et al. Can guideline-defined asthma control be achieved? The Gaining Optimal Asthma ControL study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170: 836–44.
32. Hermosa JL, Sánchez CB, Rubio MC et al. Factors associated with the control of severe asthma.
J Asthma 2010; 47: 124–30.
33. Ramsahai JM, Hansbro PM, Wark PAB. Mechanisms and Management of Asthma Exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199 (4): 423–32.
34. O’Byrne P, Fabbri LM, Pavord ID et al. Asthma progression and mortality: the role of inhaled corticosteroids. Eur Respir J 2019; 54 (1): 1900491.
35. Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. 2020 GINA update Main Report, https://ginasthma.org/wpcontent/uploads/2020/04/GINA-2020-full-report_-final-_wms.pdf
36. Federal Clinical Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bronchial Asthma 2020. Russian Respiratory Society. http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskie-rekomendatsii/ (in Russian).
37. Royal College of Physicians. Why Asthma Still Kills? The National Review of Asthma Deaths (NRAD) [online] 2014. 06.09.2018. https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/projects/outputs/why-asthma-still-kills
38. Papi A, Braithwaite I, Ebmeier S et al. Budesonide-formoterol reliever therapy in intermittent versus mild persistent asthma. Eur Respir J, 2020; 2003064. DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03064-2020
39. Stanford RH, Shah MB, D'Souza AO et al. Short-acting β-agonist use and its ability to predict future asthma-related outcomes. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012; 109: 403–7.
40. Suissa S. Statistical treatment of exacerbations in therapeutic trials of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 842–6.
41. Loymans RJB, Gemperli A, Cohen J et al. Comparative effectiveness of long term drug treatment strategies to prevent asthma exacerbations: network meta-analysis. BMJ 2014; 348: g3009.
42. Avdeev S.N., Aisanov Z.R., Arkhipov V.V. et al. Soglasovannye rekomendatsii po primeneniiu rezhima edinogo ingaliatora fiksirovannoi kombinatsii budesonid/formoterol (SMART) v terapii patsientov s bronkhial'noi astmoi. Prakt. pul'monologiia. 2016; 1: 2–15 (in Russian).
43. Vogelmeier C, D'Urzo A, Pauwels R et al. Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy: an effective asthma treatment option? Eur Respir J 2005; 26 (5): 819–28.
44. Sears MR, Radner F. Safety of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy in asthma trials. Respir Med 2009; 103 (12): 1960–8.
45. Lee H, Ryu J, Nam E et al. Increased mortality in patients with corticosteroid-dependent asthma: a nationwide population-based study. Eur Respir J 2019; 54 (5): 1900804.
46. Holguin F, Cardet JC, Chung KF et al. Management of severe asthma: a European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society guideline. Eur Respir J 2020; 55 (1): 1900588.
47. Global Initiative for Asthma. Pocket guide 2019. https://ginasthma.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/GINA-2019-main-Pocket-Guide-wms.pdf
48. GINA Pocket Guide, “Diagnosis and Management of Difficult-to-treat and Severe Asthma in adolescent and adult patients. V2.0. April 2019. https://ginasthma.org/severeasthma/
49. Barnes PJ, Adcock IM. How do corticosteroids work in asthma? Ann Intern Med 2003; 139 (5 Pt 1): 359–70.
50. Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu preparata DuoResp Spiromaks.
http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru (in Russian).
51. Avdeev S.N., Belevskii A.S., Aisanov Z.R. Novye podkhody i algoritm vedeniia patsientov s bronkhial'noi astmoi. Prakt. pul'monologiia. 2019; 1 (in Russian).
52. Diamant Z, Hanania NA. Generic medications in precision medicine in asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2017; 23 (1): 1–2.
53. Lavorini F, Ninane V, Haughney J et al. Switching from branded to generic inhaled medications: potential impact on asthma and COPD. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10 (12): 1597–602.
54. Ekberg-Jansson A, Svenningsson I, Rågdell P et al. Budesonide inhaler device switch patterns in an asthma population in Swedish clinical practice (ASSURE). Int J Clin Pract 2015; 69 (10): 1171–8.
55. Azouz W, Chetcuti P, Hosker H et al. Inhalation characteristics of asthma patients, COPD patients and healthy volunteers with the Spiromax® and Turbuhaler® devices: a randomised, cross-over study. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15: 47.
56. Chrystyn H, Dekhuijzen R, Rand C et al. P154. Evaluation of inhaler technique mastery for Budesonide Formoterol Spiromax® compared with Symbicort Turbohaler® in adult patients with asthma primary results from the Easy Low Instruction Over Time [ELIOT] study. Thorax 2015; 70: A154–5.
57. Virchow JC, Rodriguez-Roisin R, Papi A et al. A randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy efficacy and safety study of budesonide-formoterol Spiromax® compared to budesonide-formoterol Turbuhaler® in adults and adolescents with persistent asthma. BMC Pulm Med 2016; 16: 42.
58. Voorham J, Roche N, Benhaddi H et al. Real-world effectiveness evaluation of budesonide/formoterol Spiromax for the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the UK. BMJ Open 2018; 8 (10): e022051.
59. Kew KM, Quinn M, Quon BS et al. Increased versus stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids for exacerbations of chronic asthma in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 6: CD007524.
60. Oborne J, Mortimer K, Hubbard RB et al. Quadrupling the dose of inhaled corticosteroid to prevent asthma exacerbations: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 180 (7): 598–602.
61. Valero A, Olaguibel J, Delgado J et al. Dilemmas and New Paradigms in Asthma Management.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2019; 29 (1): 15–23.
62. Price D, Chrystyn H, Kaplan A et al. Effectiveness of same versus mixed asthma inhaler devices: a retrospective observational study in primary care. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2012; 4 (4): 184–91.
63. Loukil M, Mejri I, Khalfallah I et al. Evaluation of inhaler techniques in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive disease. Rev Pneumol Clin 2018; 74 (4): 226–34.
64. Chrystyn H, Safioti G, Keegstra JR et al. Effect of inhalation profile and throat geometry on predicted lung deposition of budesonide and formoterol (BF) in COPD: An in-vitro comparison of Spiromax with Turbuhaler. Int J Pharm 2015; 491 (1–2): 268–76.
[Arkhipov V.V., Grigor'eva E.V., Gavrishina E.V. Kontrol' nad bronkhial'noi astmoi v Rossii: rezul'taty mnogotsentrovogo nabliudatel'nogo issledovaniia NIKA. Pul'monologiia. 2011; 6: 87–93 (in Russian).]
2. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals. Data on file. Budesonide/formoterol: Annual Rate of Exacerbations Globally (ID: SD-3010-ALL-0017).
3. From the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2020. 21.04.2020. http://www.ginasthma.org
4. Asthma UK. www.asthma.org.uk/getinvolved/campaigns/data-visualisations/
5. Price D, Fletcher M, van der Molen T. Asthma control and management in 8,000 European patients: the REcognise Asthma and LInk to Symptoms and Experience (REALISE) survey. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med 2014; 24: 14009.
6. Papi A, Ryan D, Soriano JB et al. Relationship of Inhaled Corticosteroid Adherence to Asthma Exacerbations in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018; 6: 1989–98.e3.
7. Partridge MR, van der Molen T, Myrseth SE et al. Attitudes and actions of asthma patients on regular maintenance therapy: the INSPIRE study. BMC Pulm Med 2006; 6: 13.
8. Schatz M, Zeiger RS, Vollmer WM et al. Validation of a beta-agonist long-term asthma control scale derived from computerized pharmacy data. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 117: 995–1000.
9. Suissa S, Ernst P, Boivin JF et al. A cohort analysis of excess mortality in asthma and the use of inhaled beta-agonists. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 604–10.
10. Suissa S, Ernst P, Benayoun S et al. Low-dose inhaled corticosteroids and the prevention of death from asthma. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 332–6.
11. Reddel HK, FitzGerald JM, Bateman ED et al. GINA 2019: a fundamental change in asthma management: Treatment of asthma with short-acting bronchodilators alone is no longer recommended for adults and adolescents. Eur Respir J 2019; 53 (6): 1901046.
12. From the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2020. 25.08.2020. http://www.ginasthma.org.
13. Инструкция по медицинскому применению лекарственного препарата БУД/ФОРМ 80/4,5 мкг/доза, 160/4,5 мкг/доза (порошок для ингаляций дозированный) от 11.04.2019. Регистрационное удостоверение П N013167/01 от 28.09.2011 (переоформлено 26.12.2018).
[Instructions for the medical use of the medicinal product BUD/FORM 80/4.5 mcg/dose, 160/4.5 mcg/dose (dosed powder for inhalation) dated 04/11/2019. Registration certificate P N013167/01 dated 09/28/2011 (reissued on 12/26/2018) (in Russian).]
14. Бронхиальная астма. Федеральные клинические рекомендации Российского респираторного общества (РРО) 2019 г. (частота пересмотра каждые три года). http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskierekomendatsii/
[Bronchial asthma. Federal Clinical Guidelines Russian Respiratory Society (RRO) 2019 (revision frequency every three years). http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskierekomendatsii/ (in Russian).]
15. Kuna P, Peters MJ, Manjra AI et al. Effect of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy on asthma exacerbations. Int J Clin Pract 2007; 61: 725–36.
16. Bousquet J, Boulet LP, Peters MJ et al. Budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and relief in uncontrolled asthma vs. high-dose salmeterol/fluticasone. Respir Med 2007; 101: 2437–46 (AHEAD).
17. O’Byrne PM, FitzGerald JM, Bateman ED et al. Inhaled Combined Budesonide-Formoterol as Needed in Mild Asthma. N Eng J Med 2018; 378: 1865–76.
18. Bateman ED, Reddel HK, O’Byrne PM et al. As-Needed Budesonide-Formoterol versus Maintenance Budesonide in Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med 2018; 378 (20): 1877–87.
19. Beasley R, Holliday M, Reddel HK et al. Novel START Study Team. Controlled Trial of Budesonide-Formoterol as Needed for Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med 2019; 380 (21): 2020–30.
20. Clinical study report. Study BFS-AS-306. Data on file. TEVA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2014.
21. Weisfeld L, Shu Y, Shah TP. Bioequivalence of budesonide plus formoterol (BF) Spiromax® and BF Turbohaler® (with and without charcoal block) in healthy volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 53 (7): 593–602.
22. Pechère JC, Cenedese C, Müller O et al. Attitudinal classification of patients receiving antibiotic treatment for mild respiratory tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2002; 20 (6): 399–406.
23. Horne R. Compliance, adherence, and concordance: implications for asthma treatment. Chest 2006; 130 (1): 65S–72S.
24. Laitinen LA, Laitinen A, Haahtela T. A comparative study of the effects of an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, and a beta 2-agonist, terbutaline, on airway inflammation in newly diagnosed asthma: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 90 (1): 32–42.
25. Derendorf H. Nave R, Drollmann A et al. Relevance of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled corticosteroids to asthma. Eur Respir J 2006; 28 (5): 1042–50.
26. Tattersfield AE, Postma DS, Barnes PJ et al. Exacerbations of asthma: a descriptive study of 425 severe exacerbations. The FACET International Study Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160 (2): 594–9.
27. Ställberg B, Naya I, Ekelund J et al. Real-life use of budesonide/formoterol in clinical practice: a 12-month follow-up assessment in a multi-national study of asthma patients established on single-inhaler maintenance and reliever therapy. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 53 (6): 447–55.
28. Seberová E, Andersson A. Oxis (formoterol given by Turbuhaler) showed as rapid an onset of action as salbutamol given by a pMDI. Respir Med 2000; 94 (6): 607–11.
29. Gibson PG, Saltos N, Fakes K. Acute anti-inflammatory effects of inhaled budesonide in asthma: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163 (1): 32–6.
30. GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Lancet Respir Med 2017; 390: 1211–59.
31. Bateman ED, Boushey HA, Bousquet J et al. Can guideline-defined asthma control be achieved? The Gaining Optimal Asthma ControL study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170: 836–44.
32. Hermosa JL, Sánchez CB, Rubio MC et al. Factors associated with the control of severe asthma.
J Asthma 2010; 47: 124–30.
33. Ramsahai JM, Hansbro PM, Wark PAB. Mechanisms and Management of Asthma Exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199 (4): 423–32.
34. O’Byrne P, Fabbri LM, Pavord ID et al. Asthma progression and mortality: the role of inhaled corticosteroids. Eur Respir J 2019; 54 (1): 1900491.
35. Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. 2020 GINA update Main Report, https://ginasthma.org/wpcontent/uploads/2020/04/GINA-2020-full-report_-final-_wms.pdf
36. Федеральные клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению Бронхиальной астмы–2020. Российское респираторное общество. http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskie-rekomendatsii/
[Federal Clinical Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bronchial Asthma 2020. Russian Respiratory Society. http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskie-rekomendatsii/ (in Russian).]
37. Royal College of Physicians. Why Asthma Still Kills? The National Review of Asthma Deaths (NRAD) [online] 2014. 06.09.2018. https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/projects/outputs/why-asthma-still-kills
38. Papi A, Braithwaite I, Ebmeier S et al. Budesonide-formoterol reliever therapy in intermittent versus mild persistent asthma. Eur Respir J, 2020; 2003064. DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03064-2020
39. Stanford RH, Shah MB, D'Souza AO et al. Short-acting β-agonist use and its ability to predict future asthma-related outcomes. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012; 109: 403–7.
40. Suissa S. Statistical treatment of exacerbations in therapeutic trials of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 842–6.
41. Loymans RJB, Gemperli A, Cohen J et al. Comparative effectiveness of long term drug treatment strategies to prevent asthma exacerbations: network meta-analysis. BMJ 2014; 348: g3009.
42. Авдеев С.Н., Айсанов З.Р., Архипов В.В. и др. Согласованные рекомендации по применению режима единого ингалятора фиксированной комбинации будесонид/формотерол (SMART) в терапии пациентов с бронхиальной астмой. Практ. пульмонология. 2016; 1: 2–15.
[Avdeev S.N., Aisanov Z.R., Arkhipov V.V. et al. Soglasovannye rekomendatsii po primeneniiu rezhima edinogo ingaliatora fiksirovannoi kombinatsii budesonid/formoterol (SMART) v terapii patsientov s bronkhial'noi astmoi. Prakt. pul'monologiia. 2016; 1: 2–15 (in Russian).]
43. Vogelmeier C, D'Urzo A, Pauwels R et al. Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy: an effective asthma treatment option? Eur Respir J 2005; 26 (5): 819–28.
44. Sears MR, Radner F. Safety of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy in asthma trials. Respir Med 2009; 103 (12): 1960–8.
45. Lee H, Ryu J, Nam E et al. Increased mortality in patients with corticosteroid-dependent asthma: a nationwide population-based study. Eur Respir J 2019; 54 (5): 1900804.
46. Holguin F, Cardet JC, Chung KF et al. Management of severe asthma: a European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society guideline. Eur Respir J 2020; 55 (1): 1900588.
47. Global Initiative for Asthma. Pocket guide 2019. https://ginasthma.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/GINA-2019-main-Pocket-Guide-wms.pdf
48. GINA Pocket Guide, “Diagnosis and Management of Difficult-to-treat and Severe Asthma in adolescent and adult patients. V2.0. April 2019. https://ginasthma.org/severeasthma/
49. Barnes PJ, Adcock IM. How do corticosteroids work in asthma? Ann Intern Med 2003; 139 (5 Pt 1): 359–70.
50. Инструкция по медицинскому применению препарата ДуоРесп Спиромакс. http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru
[Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu preparata DuoResp Spiromaks. http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru (in Russian).]
51. Авдеев С.Н., Белевский А.С., Айсанов З.Р. Новые подходы и алгоритм ведения пациентов с бронхиальной астмой. Практ. пульмонология. 2019; 1. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/novye-podhody-i-algoritm-vedeniya-patsientov-s-bronhialnoy-astmoy
[Avdeev S.N., Belevskii A.S., Aisanov Z.R. Novye podkhody i algoritm vedeniia patsientov s bronkhial'noi astmoi. Prakt. pul'monologiia. 2019; 1 (in Russian).]
52. Diamant Z, Hanania NA. Generic medications in precision medicine in asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2017; 23 (1): 1–2.
53. Lavorini F, Ninane V, Haughney J et al. Switching from branded to generic inhaled medications: potential impact on asthma and COPD. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10 (12): 1597–602.
54. Ekberg-Jansson A, Svenningsson I, Rågdell P et al. Budesonide inhaler device switch patterns in an asthma population in Swedish clinical practice (ASSURE). Int J Clin Pract 2015; 69 (10): 1171–8.
55. Azouz W, Chetcuti P, Hosker H et al. Inhalation characteristics of asthma patients, COPD patients and healthy volunteers with the Spiromax® and Turbuhaler® devices: a randomised, cross-over study. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15: 47.
56. Chrystyn H, Dekhuijzen R, Rand C et al. P154. Evaluation of inhaler technique mastery for Budesonide Formoterol Spiromax® compared with Symbicort Turbohaler® in adult patients with asthma primary results from the Easy Low Instruction Over Time [ELIOT] study. Thorax 2015; 70: A154–5.
57. Virchow JC, Rodriguez-Roisin R, Papi A et al. A randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy efficacy and safety study of budesonide-formoterol Spiromax® compared to budesonide-formoterol Turbuhaler® in adults and adolescents with persistent asthma. BMC Pulm Med 2016; 16: 42.
58. Voorham J, Roche N, Benhaddi H et al. Real-world effectiveness evaluation of budesonide/formoterol Spiromax for the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the UK. BMJ Open 2018; 8 (10): e022051.
59. Kew KM, Quinn M, Quon BS et al. Increased versus stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids for exacerbations of chronic asthma in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 6: CD007524.
60. Oborne J, Mortimer K, Hubbard RB et al. Quadrupling the dose of inhaled corticosteroid to prevent asthma exacerbations: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 180 (7): 598–602.
61. Valero A, Olaguibel J, Delgado J et al. Dilemmas and New Paradigms in Asthma Management.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2019; 29 (1): 15–23.
62. Price D, Chrystyn H, Kaplan A et al. Effectiveness of same versus mixed asthma inhaler devices: a retrospective observational study in primary care. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2012; 4 (4): 184–91.
63. Loukil M, Mejri I, Khalfallah I et al. Evaluation of inhaler techniques in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive disease. Rev Pneumol Clin 2018; 74 (4): 226–34.
64. Chrystyn H, Safioti G, Keegstra JR et al. Effect of inhalation profile and throat geometry on predicted lung deposition of budesonide and formoterol (BF) in COPD: An in-vitro comparison of Spiromax with Turbuhaler. Int J Pharm 2015; 491 (1–2): 268–76.
________________________________________________
2. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals. Data on file. Budesonide/formoterol: Annual Rate of Exacerbations Globally (ID: SD-3010-ALL-0017).
3. From the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2020. 21.04.2020. http://www.ginasthma.org
4. Asthma UK. www.asthma.org.uk/getinvolved/campaigns/data-visualisations/
5. Price D, Fletcher M, van der Molen T. Asthma control and management in 8,000 European patients: the REcognise Asthma and LInk to Symptoms and Experience (REALISE) survey. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med 2014; 24: 14009.
6. Papi A, Ryan D, Soriano JB et al. Relationship of Inhaled Corticosteroid Adherence to Asthma Exacerbations in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018; 6: 1989–98.e3.
7. Partridge MR, van der Molen T, Myrseth SE et al. Attitudes and actions of asthma patients on regular maintenance therapy: the INSPIRE study. BMC Pulm Med 2006; 6: 13.
8. Schatz M, Zeiger RS, Vollmer WM et al. Validation of a beta-agonist long-term asthma control scale derived from computerized pharmacy data. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 117: 995–1000.
9. Suissa S, Ernst P, Boivin JF et al. A cohort analysis of excess mortality in asthma and the use of inhaled beta-agonists. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 604–10.
10. Suissa S, Ernst P, Benayoun S et al. Low-dose inhaled corticosteroids and the prevention of death from asthma. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 332–6.
11. Reddel HK, FitzGerald JM, Bateman ED et al. GINA 2019: a fundamental change in asthma management: Treatment of asthma with short-acting bronchodilators alone is no longer recommended for adults and adolescents. Eur Respir J 2019; 53 (6): 1901046.
12. From the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2020. 25.08.2020. http://www.ginasthma.org.
13. Instructions for the medical use of the medicinal product BUD/FORM 80/4.5 mcg/dose, 160/4.5 mcg/dose (dosed powder for inhalation) dated 04/11/2019. Registration certificate P N013167/01 dated 09/28/2011 (reissued on 12/26/2018) (in Russian).
14. Bronchial asthma. Federal Clinical Guidelines Russian Respiratory Society (RRO) 2019 (revision frequency every three years). http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskierekomendatsii/ (in Russian).
15. Kuna P, Peters MJ, Manjra AI et al. Effect of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy on asthma exacerbations. Int J Clin Pract 2007; 61: 725–36.
16. Bousquet J, Boulet LP, Peters MJ et al. Budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and relief in uncontrolled asthma vs. high-dose salmeterol/fluticasone. Respir Med 2007; 101: 2437–46 (AHEAD).
17. O’Byrne PM, FitzGerald JM, Bateman ED et al. Inhaled Combined Budesonide-Formoterol as Needed in Mild Asthma. N Eng J Med 2018; 378: 1865–76.
18. Bateman ED, Reddel HK, O’Byrne PM et al. As-Needed Budesonide-Formoterol versus Maintenance Budesonide in Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med 2018; 378 (20): 1877–87.
19. Beasley R, Holliday M, Reddel HK et al. Novel START Study Team. Controlled Trial of Budesonide-Formoterol as Needed for Mild Asthma. N Engl J Med 2019; 380 (21): 2020–30.
20. Clinical study report. Study BFS-AS-306. Data on file. TEVA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2014.
21. Weisfeld L, Shu Y, Shah TP. Bioequivalence of budesonide plus formoterol (BF) Spiromax® and BF Turbohaler® (with and without charcoal block) in healthy volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 53 (7): 593–602.
22. Pechère JC, Cenedese C, Müller O et al. Attitudinal classification of patients receiving antibiotic treatment for mild respiratory tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2002; 20 (6): 399–406.
23. Horne R. Compliance, adherence, and concordance: implications for asthma treatment. Chest 2006; 130 (1): 65S–72S.
24. Laitinen LA, Laitinen A, Haahtela T. A comparative study of the effects of an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, and a beta 2-agonist, terbutaline, on airway inflammation in newly diagnosed asthma: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 90 (1): 32–42.
25. Derendorf H. Nave R, Drollmann A et al. Relevance of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled corticosteroids to asthma. Eur Respir J 2006; 28 (5): 1042–50.
26. Tattersfield AE, Postma DS, Barnes PJ et al. Exacerbations of asthma: a descriptive study of 425 severe exacerbations. The FACET International Study Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160 (2): 594–9.
27. Ställberg B, Naya I, Ekelund J et al. Real-life use of budesonide/formoterol in clinical practice: a 12-month follow-up assessment in a multi-national study of asthma patients established on single-inhaler maintenance and reliever therapy. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 53 (6): 447–55.
28. Seberová E, Andersson A. Oxis (formoterol given by Turbuhaler) showed as rapid an onset of action as salbutamol given by a pMDI. Respir Med 2000; 94 (6): 607–11.
29. Gibson PG, Saltos N, Fakes K. Acute anti-inflammatory effects of inhaled budesonide in asthma: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163 (1): 32–6.
30. GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Lancet Respir Med 2017; 390: 1211–59.
31. Bateman ED, Boushey HA, Bousquet J et al. Can guideline-defined asthma control be achieved? The Gaining Optimal Asthma ControL study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170: 836–44.
32. Hermosa JL, Sánchez CB, Rubio MC et al. Factors associated with the control of severe asthma.
J Asthma 2010; 47: 124–30.
33. Ramsahai JM, Hansbro PM, Wark PAB. Mechanisms and Management of Asthma Exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199 (4): 423–32.
34. O’Byrne P, Fabbri LM, Pavord ID et al. Asthma progression and mortality: the role of inhaled corticosteroids. Eur Respir J 2019; 54 (1): 1900491.
35. Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. 2020 GINA update Main Report, https://ginasthma.org/wpcontent/uploads/2020/04/GINA-2020-full-report_-final-_wms.pdf
36. Federal Clinical Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bronchial Asthma 2020. Russian Respiratory Society. http://spulmo.ru/obrazovatelnye-resursy/federalnye-klinicheskie-rekomendatsii/ (in Russian).
37. Royal College of Physicians. Why Asthma Still Kills? The National Review of Asthma Deaths (NRAD) [online] 2014. 06.09.2018. https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/projects/outputs/why-asthma-still-kills
38. Papi A, Braithwaite I, Ebmeier S et al. Budesonide-formoterol reliever therapy in intermittent versus mild persistent asthma. Eur Respir J, 2020; 2003064. DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03064-2020
39. Stanford RH, Shah MB, D'Souza AO et al. Short-acting β-agonist use and its ability to predict future asthma-related outcomes. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012; 109: 403–7.
40. Suissa S. Statistical treatment of exacerbations in therapeutic trials of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 842–6.
41. Loymans RJB, Gemperli A, Cohen J et al. Comparative effectiveness of long term drug treatment strategies to prevent asthma exacerbations: network meta-analysis. BMJ 2014; 348: g3009.
42. Avdeev S.N., Aisanov Z.R., Arkhipov V.V. et al. Soglasovannye rekomendatsii po primeneniiu rezhima edinogo ingaliatora fiksirovannoi kombinatsii budesonid/formoterol (SMART) v terapii patsientov s bronkhial'noi astmoi. Prakt. pul'monologiia. 2016; 1: 2–15 (in Russian).
43. Vogelmeier C, D'Urzo A, Pauwels R et al. Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy: an effective asthma treatment option? Eur Respir J 2005; 26 (5): 819–28.
44. Sears MR, Radner F. Safety of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy in asthma trials. Respir Med 2009; 103 (12): 1960–8.
45. Lee H, Ryu J, Nam E et al. Increased mortality in patients with corticosteroid-dependent asthma: a nationwide population-based study. Eur Respir J 2019; 54 (5): 1900804.
46. Holguin F, Cardet JC, Chung KF et al. Management of severe asthma: a European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society guideline. Eur Respir J 2020; 55 (1): 1900588.
47. Global Initiative for Asthma. Pocket guide 2019. https://ginasthma.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/GINA-2019-main-Pocket-Guide-wms.pdf
48. GINA Pocket Guide, “Diagnosis and Management of Difficult-to-treat and Severe Asthma in adolescent and adult patients. V2.0. April 2019. https://ginasthma.org/severeasthma/
49. Barnes PJ, Adcock IM. How do corticosteroids work in asthma? Ann Intern Med 2003; 139 (5 Pt 1): 359–70.
50. Instruktsiia po meditsinskomu primeneniiu preparata DuoResp Spiromaks.
http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru (in Russian).
51. Avdeev S.N., Belevskii A.S., Aisanov Z.R. Novye podkhody i algoritm vedeniia patsientov s bronkhial'noi astmoi. Prakt. pul'monologiia. 2019; 1 (in Russian).
52. Diamant Z, Hanania NA. Generic medications in precision medicine in asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2017; 23 (1): 1–2.
53. Lavorini F, Ninane V, Haughney J et al. Switching from branded to generic inhaled medications: potential impact on asthma and COPD. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10 (12): 1597–602.
54. Ekberg-Jansson A, Svenningsson I, Rågdell P et al. Budesonide inhaler device switch patterns in an asthma population in Swedish clinical practice (ASSURE). Int J Clin Pract 2015; 69 (10): 1171–8.
55. Azouz W, Chetcuti P, Hosker H et al. Inhalation characteristics of asthma patients, COPD patients and healthy volunteers with the Spiromax® and Turbuhaler® devices: a randomised, cross-over study. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15: 47.
56. Chrystyn H, Dekhuijzen R, Rand C et al. P154. Evaluation of inhaler technique mastery for Budesonide Formoterol Spiromax® compared with Symbicort Turbohaler® in adult patients with asthma primary results from the Easy Low Instruction Over Time [ELIOT] study. Thorax 2015; 70: A154–5.
57. Virchow JC, Rodriguez-Roisin R, Papi A et al. A randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy efficacy and safety study of budesonide-formoterol Spiromax® compared to budesonide-formoterol Turbuhaler® in adults and adolescents with persistent asthma. BMC Pulm Med 2016; 16: 42.
58. Voorham J, Roche N, Benhaddi H et al. Real-world effectiveness evaluation of budesonide/formoterol Spiromax for the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the UK. BMJ Open 2018; 8 (10): e022051.
59. Kew KM, Quinn M, Quon BS et al. Increased versus stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids for exacerbations of chronic asthma in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 6: CD007524.
60. Oborne J, Mortimer K, Hubbard RB et al. Quadrupling the dose of inhaled corticosteroid to prevent asthma exacerbations: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 180 (7): 598–602.
61. Valero A, Olaguibel J, Delgado J et al. Dilemmas and New Paradigms in Asthma Management.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2019; 29 (1): 15–23.
62. Price D, Chrystyn H, Kaplan A et al. Effectiveness of same versus mixed asthma inhaler devices: a retrospective observational study in primary care. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2012; 4 (4): 184–91.
63. Loukil M, Mejri I, Khalfallah I et al. Evaluation of inhaler techniques in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive disease. Rev Pneumol Clin 2018; 74 (4): 226–34.
64. Chrystyn H, Safioti G, Keegstra JR et al. Effect of inhalation profile and throat geometry on predicted lung deposition of budesonide and formoterol (BF) in COPD: An in-vitro comparison of Spiromax with Turbuhaler. Int J Pharm 2015; 491 (1–2): 268–76.
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